New College English (Book One, Second Edition)

Unit 3 Born to Win

Preparation

Words &phrases

Text Structure

Writing Practice

After-class Reading

Content

Time for Fun

Warming-up questions

What Does Winning Mean?

Winners in My Eyes

Work in groups to answer the following questions.Work in groups to answer the following questions.

---Winning means being happy.---Winning means being happy.

---winning means being No.1 or ---winning means being No.1 or one of the best in your field.one of the best in your field.

---Winning means being able to ---Winning means being able to make great contributions to make great contributions to society..society..

Walk around the classroom and ask five classmates Walk around the classroom and ask five classmates about what winning means to each of them.about what winning means to each of them.

---Winning means making a lot ---Winning means making a lot of money.of money.

---Winning means doing what ---Winning means doing what you enjoy and being good at it.you enjoy and being good at it.

---Winning means having good ---Winning means having good health and a happy family.health and a happy family.

What Does Winning mean?What Does Winning mean?

Winners in my eyes

Ask students to work in groups and tell each other who is a winner in their eyes and why.

Sample: ---I think Helen Keller is a winner.

Even though she became blind and deaf at a very early age. She didn’t give up. With the help of her teacher, she became a teacher, writer and lecturer. She couldn’t see or hear, but she learned to read and write by touch and feel. Helen also learned several foreign languages. She always wanted to try what others could do.

Proverbs Proverbs andand Sayings Sayings People often ask me if I know the secret of success,and if I

could tell others how to make their dreams come true.My

answer is,you do it by work. — Walt Disney

人们经常问我是否晓得成功的诀窍，能否告诉别人怎样使他们的梦想成为现实。我的回答是 :身体力行。

Will, work and wait are the three pyramidal cornerstones

for success. — Louis Pasteur

意志，工作和等待是成功的金字塔的基石。

uniqueunique (Line 1, Para. 1)(Line 1, Para. 1)adj. being the only one of its type adj. being the only one of its type

唯一的，独一无二的； 独特的，无双的唯一的，独一无二的； 独特的，无双的

完成下面的句子。完成下面的句子。

Drug abuse is by no means __________________________.Drug abuse is by no means __________________________. （这个地区所独有的问题）（这个地区所独有的问题）

___________________ becau___________________ because all the others like it were dse all the others like it were destroyed. estroyed. （（ 那座建筑很独那座建筑很独特特））

That building is uniqueThat building is unique

a unique problem to this regiona unique problem to this region

unique opportunityunique opportunity 千载难逢的机会千载难逢的机会unique abilityunique ability 独有的能力独有的能力unique work of artunique work of art 独一无二的艺术作品独一无二的艺术作品unique talentunique talent 无与伦比的才能无与伦比的才能unique wishunique wish 唯一的愿望唯一的愿望

uniqueunique (Line 1, Para. 1)(Line 1, Para. 1)adj. being the only one of its type adj. being the only one of its type

唯一的，独一无二的； 独特的，无双的唯一的，独一无二的； 独特的，无双的

常用搭配常用搭配

名词形式名词形式 : : uniquenessuniqueness (Line 14, Para. 4)(Line 14, Para. 4) 唯一；独一无唯一；独一无二二

It is the ____________________________________It is the ____________________________________

for which he will be long time remembered. for which he will be long time remembered.

猫王猫王 ((Elvis Presley)Elvis Presley) 的独一无二的演唱风格的独一无二的演唱风格会让他被（世人）长久地记住。

uniqueness of Elvis Presley’s singing styleuniqueness of Elvis Presley’s singing style

potentialpotential (Line 3, Para. 1)(Line 3, Para. 1)n. possibility for developing or being developed n. possibility for developing or being developed

潜力；潜能潜力；潜能

Athens Olympic gold medalists Li Ting and Sun TiantiaAthens Olympic gold medalists Li Ting and Sun Tiantian are___________________________________.n are___________________________________.

Taiwanese pop queen Amei Chang (Zhang Huimei) ___Taiwanese pop queen Amei Chang (Zhang Huimei) ________________________________ when she was very _____________________________ when she was very young. young.

雅典奥运会金牌得主李婷和孙甜甜是拥有巨大潜力的年轻网球运动员。

young tennis players with great potentialyoung tennis players with great potential

台湾流行天后张惠妹在很小的时候就显示出了成为歌手的潜力。

showed potential for becoming a singershowed potential for becoming a singer

adj. that may happen or become so, although not adj. that may happen or become so, although not

actually existing at present actually existing at present 潜在的；可能的潜在的；可能的

那款能听那款能听 MP3MP3 音乐的手机音乐的手机拥有巨大的潜在市场。拥有巨大的潜在市场。

That type of MP3-capable mobile phone That type of MP3-capable mobile phone _______________________. _______________________.

Solar power is a Solar power is a potential potential source of energy. source of energy.

太阳能是太阳能是潜在的潜在的能量来源。能量来源。

has a large potential markethas a large potential market

refer to refer to as as (Line 6, Para. 2)(Line 6, Para. 2)mention or speak about someone or something mention or speak about someone or something 把……称作把……称作

演讲人演讲人把他称为把他称为一位正在崛起的政界人物。一位正在崛起的政界人物。

The speaker The speaker referred to him asreferred to him as an up-and-coming an up-and-coming politician.politician.

Chinese pop music fans _______ Hong Kong veteran singerChinese pop music fans _______ Hong Kong veteran singers Liu Dehua, Zhang Xueyou, Li Ming and Guo Fucheng __s Liu Dehua, Zhang Xueyou, Li Ming and Guo Fucheng ______________________. ____________________.

中国的流行乐迷中国的流行乐迷把香港资深歌手刘德华，张学友，把香港资深歌手刘德华，张学友，黎明和郭富城称为“四大天王”。黎明和郭富城称为“四大天王”。

refer torefer to

as “Four Heavenly Kingsas “Four Heavenly Kings””

有能力的领导人能以人格的力量有能力的领导人能以人格的力量支配支配他人。他人。CCapable leaders can apable leaders can dominatedominate others by force of character. others by force of character.

With remarkable skills and great confidence, Swiss Roger Federer With remarkable skills and great confidence, Swiss Roger Federer can ____________________________________________ . can ____________________________________________ .

因为拥有出色的球技和强大的信心，瑞士人费德因为拥有出色的球技和强大的信心，瑞士人费德勒勒成了当今竞争异常激烈的男子网坛的统治者成了当今竞争异常激烈的男子网坛的统治者。。

dominate dominate (Line 7, Para. 2)(Line 7, Para. 2)v. have or exercise control or power over v. have or exercise control or power over

支配；统治；控制支配；统治；控制 名词形式：名词形式： dominationdomination

dominate today’s ultra-competitive men’s tennis worlddominate today’s ultra-competitive men’s tennis world

她对他所说的她对他所说的确实确实感到吃惊。感到吃惊。 She was She was genuinelygenuinely surprised about what he said. surprised about what he said.

The government's new higher taxes are The government's new higher taxes are genuinelygenuinely beginning to bite.beginning to bite.

政府提高税收的新措施政府提高税收的新措施真正地真正地开始引起不满了。开始引起不满了。

genuinelygenuinely (Line 8, Para. 2)(Line 8, Para. 2)

adv. sincerely, truly, honestly adv. sincerely, truly, honestly 真诚地；确实，真正地真诚地；确实，真正地

形容词形式：形容词形式： genuinegenuine adj. real, not false; sincere; frank adj. real, not false; sincere; frank

1)1) 真的，名副其实的真的，名副其实的 ; 2); 2) 真诚的，真实的真诚的，真实的

那件夹克是用那件夹克是用真皮制真皮制成的。成的。 That jacket is made of That jacket is made of genuine leather.genuine leather.

他他真诚的演讲真诚的演讲感动了所有的听众。感动了所有的听众。 His His genuine speakinggenuine speaking touched all the listeners. touched all the listeners.

ggenuineenuine gold / friend /support / painting gold / friend /support / painting 真正的真正的…………

genuinegenuine passion / affection / pride / desire / hatred / passion / affection / pride / desire / hatred / love / regret / enthusiasm love / regret / enthusiasm 真实的真实的…………

capacitycapacity (Line 12, Para. 3)(Line 12, Para. 3)

n. 1) the ability to do a particular thing n. 1) the ability to do a particular thing 能力，才能力，才智智

她的她的接受能力很强。接受能力很强。 She has She has a mind of great capacitya mind of great capacity..

He is a man with a prodigious (He is a man with a prodigious ( 大得惊人大得惊人 ) ) capacity of alcohocapacity of alcoholl. . 他是个他是个酒量酒量很大的人。很大的人。

那本英文原版小说远远那本英文原版小说远远超过超过了那些非英语专业的学生的了那些非英语专业的学生的（理解）能力（理解）能力。。

That original novel in English is far That original novel in English is far beyond the capacitybeyond the capacity of of those non-English major students. those non-English major students.

2) the amount that something can hold or contain 2) the amount that something can hold or contain

容量，容积，容纳力容量，容积，容纳力

The assembly hall The assembly hall was filled to capacity.was filled to capacity.

That multimedia classroom _________________________ . That multimedia classroom _________________________ .

那间多媒体教室那间多媒体教室能够容纳能够容纳 100100 名学生（同时上课）。名学生（同时上课）。

大会堂里大会堂里挤满了人挤满了人。。

has a seating capacity of 100has a seating capacity of 100

capabilitycapability (Line 4, Para. 1) (Line 4, Para. 1) n. the fact or quality of being able to do something n. the fact or quality of being able to do something

能力，才能能力，才能

ability, ability, capabilitycapability 与与 capacitycapacity

ability 指某一方面的才能，后通常接不定式。

e.g. That boy has the ability to write novel.

那个男孩有写小说的能力。

capability着重强调人的才干。其后可与 of/for doing连 用。复数形式 capabilities表示潜在的能力或尚未开发出来 的能力。

e.g. As an excellent table tennis player, Chinese Wang Hao hase.g. As an excellent table tennis player, Chinese Wang Hao has the the capability of winning the gold medal in the 2008 Beijingcapability of winning the gold medal in the 2008 Beijing Olympic GamesOlympic Games..

作为一名优秀的乒乓球运动员，中国的王皓有作为一名优秀的乒乓球运动员，中国的王皓有能力能力在在 20082008 年年 北京奥运会上夺取金牌。北京奥运会上夺取金牌。

capacity capacity 常指学习，理解能力或较全面的才能。其后可接常指学习，理解能力或较全面的才能。其后可接to do / of doing / for doingto do / of doing / for doing 。。

e.g. 我欣赏他的交友能力。 I appreciated his capacity of/forI appreciated his capacity of/for making friends. making friends.

请选择请选择 ““ abilityability””, , ““capabilitycapability””, , ““capacitycapacity”” 的适当形的适当形式填空。式填空。

That kid shows an unbelievable _________ for learning That kid shows an unbelievable _________ for learning

chemistry.chemistry.

I believe you have the ________ to finish the task.I believe you have the ________ to finish the task.

That cartoon book goes beyond the ________ of preschool That cartoon book goes beyond the ________ of preschool

readers. readers. Those psychologists compared the _________ of two Those psychologists compared the _________ of two

teenagers and concluded that the first was smarter. But teenagers and concluded that the first was smarter. But

the second one still had some ________ for improvement. the second one still had some ________ for improvement.

capacitycapacity

abilityability

capacitycapacity

capabilitiescapabilities

capabilitycapability

evaluateevaluate (Line 25, Para. 5)(Line 25, Para. 5) v. calculate or judge the value or degree of v. calculate or judge the value or degree of

评价，评估，估计评价，评估，估计

___________________ , all the connoisseurs drew the same ___________________ , all the connoisseurs drew the same conclusion that the pottery was an antique of Ming Dynasty. conclusion that the pottery was an antique of Ming Dynasty.

经过仔细的鉴定经过仔细的鉴定，所有的鉴定家的结论都是那件陶器是，所有的鉴定家的结论都是那件陶器是一件明代的古物。一件明代的古物。

The head coach will _________________________________ The head coach will _________________________________ before deciding which player could take part in the upcoming before deciding which player could take part in the upcoming Olympic Games. Olympic Games.

主教练在决定由哪名运动员参加即将到来的奥运会之前主教练在决定由哪名运动员参加即将到来的奥运会之前会会充分地估计各方面的重要因素。充分地估计各方面的重要因素。

After careful evaluatingAfter careful evaluating

evaluate all the key factors very carefullyevaluate all the key factors very carefully

flexibleflexible (Line 28, Para. 6)(Line 28, Para. 6)

adj. 1) that can change or be changed to be suitable adj. 1) that can change or be changed to be suitable

for new needs for new needs 灵活的，可变通的灵活的，可变通的

It is really necessary for that Oscar-winning actress to It is really necessary for that Oscar-winning actress to _____________________ to handle all kinds of social _____________________ to handle all kinds of social intercourses. intercourses.

那位奥斯卡获奖演员非常有必要那位奥斯卡获奖演员非常有必要设计设计一份灵活的时间表来应对各种应酬。一份灵活的时间表来应对各种应酬。

A wise political leader should A wise political leader should be flexiblebe flexible in dealing with in dealing with various economic issues.various economic issues.

有智慧的政治领导人应该采取有智慧的政治领导人应该采取灵活变通的灵活变通的政策解决各种经济问题。政策解决各种经济问题。

design a flexible scheduledesign a flexible schedule

adj. 2) that can bend or be bent easily adj. 2) that can bend or be bent easily 有弹性的，柔韧的有弹性的，柔韧的

• 跳舞的人的身体需要柔软。跳舞的人的身体需要柔软。• 弹性塑料管弹性塑料管 • 灵活的计划灵活的计划 // 安排安排• 柔顺的性格柔顺的性格• 软绳软绳• 弹性工作时间弹性工作时间• 具有灵活型的工作具有灵活型的工作 // 原则原则• 灵活机动的战术灵活机动的战术• 灵活的决策体系灵活的决策体系

DancersDancers need to be flexible.need to be flexible.

flexible plastic tubingflexible plastic tubing

flexible flexible plans / arrangementsplans / arrangements

a a flexible flexible charactercharacter

flexible flexible cordcord

flexible flexible working hoursworking hours

flexible flexible rules / principlesrules / principles

flexible flexible strategy strategy

flexible flexible decision-making systemsdecision-making systems

call forcall for (Line 29, Para.(Line 29, Para.66))

need or deserve need or deserve 需要，值得需要，值得

To become an excellent golfer as Tiger Woods To become an excellent golfer as Tiger Woods _____________________. _____________________.

想成为一个象老虎伍兹那样优秀的想成为一个象老虎伍兹那样优秀的高尔夫球选手高尔夫球选手需要天赋与悟性需要天赋与悟性 (savvy)(savvy) 。。West Point, the most famous military academy of West Point, the most famous military academy of the United States, _______________________ the United States, _______________________ _________________._________________.

美国最著名的军事学府西点军校美国最著名的军事学府西点军校需要具备需要具备使命感使命感 (vocation)(vocation) 的年轻人的加入。的年轻人的加入。

calls for talent and savvycalls for talent and savvy

calls for those young peoplecalls for those young peoplewith a true vocationwith a true vocation

contributecontribute (Line 41, Para.(Line 41, Para.88)) v. help in causing a situation, event, or condition v. help in causing a situation, event, or condition 有助于，促成有助于，促成

提示词造句：提示词造句：psychological pressurepsychological pressure, , failurefailure

Great psychological pressure Great psychological pressure contributed tocontributed to his failure his failure in the English Speaking Competition. in the English Speaking Competition.

international matches, the maturity of one’s skills and international matches, the maturity of one’s skills and state of mindstate of mind

Taking part in international matches regularly will contribute to the maturity of young players’ skills and state of mind.

Both of the two candidates made use of various means to Both of the two candidates made use of various means to ___________________.___________________.

两位候选人使用各种手段来两位候选人使用各种手段来影响选民的意志。影响选民的意志。

一些政治人物在幕后一些政治人物在幕后 ((behind the curtain)behind the curtain) 间接间接操纵操纵股股票市场。票市场。

Some political figures indirectly Some political figures indirectly manipulatedmanipulated the stock the stock market behind the curtain.market behind the curtain.

manipulate voter’s willmanipulate voter’s will

manipulatemanipulate (Line 47, Para.(Line 47, Para.1010 ) ) v. control or influence for one’s own purposes v. control or influence for one’s own purposes

操纵，控制，影响操纵，控制，影响 名词形式： manipulation

Each person is born with what he needs to win at life.

A winner is one who responds genuinely by being trustworthy and responsive, both as an individual and as a member of a society.

A loser is one who fails to respond genuinely.

Introduction (Para. 1) Introduction (Para. 1)

The meanings of “winner” and “loser” (Para. 2)The meanings of “winner” and “loser” (Para. 2)

Few people are winners and losers all the time. (Para. 3)Few people are winners and losers all the time. (Para. 3)

Characteristics of a winner

A winner is genuine.A winner is genuine.

A winner is independent in thinking.A winner is independent in thinking.

A winner is flexible.A winner is flexible.

A winner has a love for life.A winner has a love for life.

A winner cares about the world and its people.A winner cares about the world and its people.

Winners (Para. 4~7) Winners (Para. 4~7)

He is afraid to try new things.

A loser has difficulty giving and receiving love.

Poor nutrition, cruelty, unhappy relationships, disease, continuing disappointments, and inadequate physical care are.

Losers (Para. 8~10)Losers (Para. 8~10)

Possible causesPossible causes

Characteristics of a loserCharacteristics of a loser

After –Class Reading –Key Words and Phrases

Passage 1:Callous depression fairness innocent

insurance kidnap odd playtime remarkable

resent retire span succession washer Carry on drop out give away hit the road

run out

Passage 2:Acknowledge brief circumstance congress elect

expel expose humble isolated military rejectgive up at home and abroad

Writing Practice

What Does Winning Mean?

Some people say that winning means being rich, some say winning means being powerful, and others think winning means being happy. I think winning means doing what you should do and being good at it. Most of us can only live in this world for no more

　　 than 70 or 80 years. We shouldn’t think too much about

what we can get from this world. Instead, we should think about what we can leave in this world. The one who can make more contributions to the world is a real winner. For example, cleaning the street is a humble job in many people’s eyes, but in my opinion, street cleaners can also be great winners. They make our city more beautiful. They give us a better environment and consequently a better life. But, on the contrary, some people make money at the cost of the environment. Some are even worse: They cheat or

　　

kill others to gain power or earn money. Winners or losers? It’s time to give it a second thought.

Helen Adams Keller was born on June 27,

1880 in Tuscumbia, Alabama to Captain Arthur

H. Keller, a former officer from the Confederate

Army, and his wife, Kate Adams Keller, who was

a cousin of Robert E. Lee.  The origin of the

family is from Switzerland.  Helen Keller was not

born blind or deaf; instead, it was not until she

had a serious illness which may have been

meningitis or scarlet fever, did she lose her

hearing and her sight. 

By the time that Helen was seven years old, she had more than sixty signs that she used to communicate with the family. She also was able to communicate with Martha Washington, daughter of the family cook. In her childhood, Helen was known for her uncontrollable temper tantrums and her stubborn streak. Most of her temper tantrums were likely caused by her inability to communicate her wishes to others.

Helen Keller was also very mischievous as a child. She once locked her mother in the pantry, and on another occasion, she attempted to flip her little sister's crib out of jealousy. She also used to walk around the table when the family would eat and take foods she wanted off of everyone's plates.

Meanwhile, her mother had learned of the education of Laura Bridgman, another deaf and blind child. Her parents sought out the advice of ear, eye, nose, and throat specialist, Dr. Julian Chisolm. He put them in touch with Alexander Graham Bell, who was working with deaf children. Bell advised them to get in touch with the Perkins Institute for the Blind, where Bridgman was educated. The director, Michael Anagnos, asked twenty year old Annie Sullivan to become Helen's teacher. Annie herself was visually impaired. Their relationship together lasted for 49 years, from governess to companion.

In March of 1887, Annie Sullivan arrived at the home of the Kellers. She at first had difficulty with Helen who did not know her or trust her, but after some time, she was able to make some headway with Helen. She taught her to communicate through the spelling of words into her hand. Helen's first breakthrough came the next month after learning to spell d-o-l-l, when she learned that the motions her teacher was making into the palm of her hand symbolized something, as they symbolized the water that was running over her other hand.

Beginning in May , 1888, Helen Keller began attending school at the Perkins Institute for the Blind. In 1894, Sullivan and Keller moved to New York in order to attend the Wright-Humason School for the Deaf as well as the Horace Mann School for the Deaf. Helen started at the Cambridge School for Young Ladies in 1896. In 1990, when was admitted to Radcliffe College. Mark Twain, who admired Helen Keller, had introduced her to Henry Huttleston Rogers, Standard Oil magnate, who along with his wife, paid for her education. When Helen was twenty-four years old, she graduated from Radcliffe University, which made her the first deaf blind person who was able to earn a Bachelor of Arts degree.

Annie Sullivan played such a vital role in the success and the education of Helen Keller. Long after she was teaching her, Anne stayed with her as a companion. In 1905, Anne Sullivan married John Macy. Her health began to fail around 1914. A young woman from Scotland named Polly Thompson, was hired to keep the house, and she eventually became a companion to Helen. Helen Keller moved to Forest Hills, Queens with John and Anne, where the house was used to help her with the American Foundation for the Blind. Following Anne's death in 1936, Helen Keller and Polly Thompson moved to Connecticut, where they traveled and worked to raise money for the blind. In 1957, Thompson had a stroke and died in 1960. For the rest of her life, Winnie Corbally, a nurse, stayed on with Helen Keller and was her companion for the rest of her life.

Helen Keller became an author and speaker. She is today remembered for her advocacy for people who have disabilities. She was also a suffragette, a radical socialist, and a supporter of birth control. She also spoke out against Woodrow Wilson. Along with George Kessler, she founded the Helen Keller International organization, which works towards research in nutrition, health, and vision. Keller assisted with founding the American Civil Liberties Union in 1920. Annie Sullivan and Helen Keller traveled to more than 39 countries and made several trips to Japan. Helen Keller became somewhat of a celebrity, and she met every U.S. President from the time of Grover Cleveland all the way to Lyndon B. Johnson. She also had friendships with the likes of Charlie Chaplin, Mark Twain, and Alexander Graham Bell

From 1909 Helen Keller campaigned in support of the working classes and was a member of the Socialist Party. She supported Eugene V. Debs, a Socialist Party candidate, in all of his attempts at the presidency.

Helen Keller's first attempt at writing was when she was eleven years old and wrote The Frost King. She was then accused of plagiarism, but continued to state that she never remembered hearing the story before. It is possible that the story may have been read to her and she had forgotten it. The experience that she had answering questions and facing accusations in front of the board at the Perkins Institute affected her for a long time as she felt confused, embarrassed, and humiliated. She stopped writing for quite some time as she began to question herself. When she was twenty years old, Keller wrote and published her autobiography, The Story of My Life, along with the help of Annie Sullivan and John Macy. She also wrote The World I Live In, which provides the audience with a better understanding of how she felt about her world.

In 1913, her series of essays about Socialism, called Out of the Dark, was published. She also had My Religion published in 1927, which was renamed and released as Light in my Darkness. In her lifetime, Keller managed to write twelve published books as well as a number of articles.

Helen Keller has been credited with introducing the Akita dog to the United States. She often visited Japan and was given an Akita dog named Kamikaze-go. When he died, his brother was given to her from the Japanese government

Later in her life, Keller had a few strokes in 1961, and she spent the last years of her life in her home. She was awarded with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1964 from President Lyndon B. Johnson. She was also elected to the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1965. Later in life, she would raise funds for the American Foundation for the Blind. On June 1, 1968, Helen Keller died in her sleep.

注：课件部分图片及文字来自于西北工业大学国家精品课程课件。