New Atlas of New Mexico, Astragalus and...
Transcript of New Atlas of New Mexico, Astragalus and...
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Atlas of New MexicoAstragalus and Oxytropis
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We are grateful to all who have assisted with thisproject. The preliminary stages of this atlas stemmedfrom the work of Bill Fox. We thank the curators of theherbaria (see Introduction) who allowed us access to theirspecimens and room to work. The various phases of datagathering and mapping proceeded rapidly and efficientlywith the help of Norman Jensen and Shawn Jensen.
CONTENTS
Nomenclature ............................................................ 1Poisonous species of Astragalus and Oxytropis ....... 1
New Mexico species known to containswainsonine: ..................................................... 1
New Mexico species known to containnitro-compounds: .............................................. 1
New Mexico species known to containselenium: ........................................................... 2
Uncommon and rare species of Astragalusand Oxytropis ........................................................ 2
References ................................................................. 2Astragalus adsurgens ................................................ 4Astragalus agrestis .................................................... 4Astragalus albulus ..................................................... 4Astragalus allochrous ............................................... 4Astragalus alpinus ..................................................... 5Astragalus altus ......................................................... 5Astragalus amphioxys ............................................... 5Astragalus bisulcatus ................................................ 5Astragalus bodinii ..................................................... 6Astragalus brandegei ................................................ 6Astragalus calycosus ................................................. 6Astragalus canadensis ............................................... 6Astragalus castetteri .................................................. 7Astragalus ceramicus ................................................ 7Astragalus chuskanus ................................................ 7Astragalus cobrensis ................................................. 7Astragalus coltonii .................................................... 8Astragalus crassicarpus ............................................ 8Astragalus cyaneus .................................................... 8Astragalus desperatus ............................................... 8Astragalus drummondii ............................................. 9Astragalus egglestonii ............................................... 9Astragalus emoryanus ............................................... 9Astragalus eremiticus ................................................ 9Astragalus feensis .................................................... 10Astragalus flavus ..................................................... 10
Astragalus flexuosus ................................................ 10Astragalus fucatus ................................................... 10Astragalus giganteus ............................................... 11Astragalus gilensis .................................................. 11Astragalus gracilis .................................................. 11Astragalus gypsodes ................................................ 11Astragalus hallii ...................................................... 12Astragalus humillimus ............................................. 12Astragalus humistratus ............................................ 12Astragalus iodopetalus ............................................ 12Astragalus kentrophyta ........................................... 13Astragalus kerrii ...................................................... 13Astragalus knightii .................................................. 13Astragalus lentiginosus ........................................... 13Astragalus lonchocarpus ......................................... 14Astragalus lotiflorus ................................................ 14Astragalus micromerius .......................................... 14Astragalus missouriensis ......................................... 14Astragalus mollissimus ............................................ 15Astragalus monumentalis ........................................ 15Astragalus naturitensis ............................................ 15Astragalus neomexicanus ........................................ 15Astragalus newberryi .............................................. 16Astragalus nothoxys ................................................ 16Astragalus nuttallianus ........................................... 16Astragalus oocalycis ............................................... 16Astragalus pattersonii ............................................. 17Astragalus pictiformis ............................................. 17Astragalus praelongus ............................................. 17Astragalus proximus ................................................ 17Astragalus puniceus ................................................ 18Astragalus racemosus ............................................. 18Astragalus ripleyi .................................................... 18Astragalus robbinsii ................................................ 18Astragalus sabulonum ............................................. 19Astragalus scopulorum ............................................ 19Astragalus sericoluecus ........................................... 19Astragalus shortianus .............................................. 19Astragalus siliceus ................................................... 20Astragalus tenellus .................................................. 20Astragalus tephrodes ............................................... 20Astragalus thurberi ................................................. 20Astragalus vaccarum ............................................... 21Astragalus waterfallii .............................................. 21Astragalus wingatanus ............................................ 21Astragalus wittmannii ............................................. 21Oxytropis deflexa ..................................................... 22Oxytropis lambertii ................................................. 22Oxytropis parryi ...................................................... 22Oxytropis sericea ..................................................... 22Oxytropis splendens ................................................ 23
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Atlas Of New Mexico Astragalus and Oxytropis
Eric H. Roalson and Kelly W. Allred1
compounds and to be at least potentially toxic aregrouped by category below.
New Mexico species known to contain swainsonine:
Astragalus allochrous A. Grayvar. allochrousvar. playanus (M.E. Jones) Isley
Astragalus amphioxys GrayAstragalus bisulcatus (Hooker) Gray
var. bisulcatusvar. haydenianus (Gray) Barneby
Astragalus drummondii Douglas ex HookerAstragalus emoryanus (Rydberg) CoryAstragalus flavus NuttallAstragalus humistratus Gray
var. humivagans (Rydberg) BarnebyAstragalus lentiginosus Douglas ex Hooker
var. diphysus (Gray) JonesAstragalus lonchocarpus TorreyAstragalus missouriensis Nuttall
var. amphibolus Barnebyvar. missouriensis
Astragalus mollissimus Torreyvar. mollissimusvar. earlei (Rydberg) Tidestromvar. matthewsii (Watson) Barnebyvar. thompsonae (Watson) M.E. Jones
Astragalus oocalycis M.E. JonesAstragalus praelongus SheldonAstragalus tephrodes GrayAstragalus thurberi GrayOxytropis lambertii PurshOxytropis sericea Nuttall ex Torrey & Gray
New Mexico species known to contain nitro-compounds:
Astragalus emoryanus (Rydberg) Cory
This atlas provides distribution maps for all thespecies of Astragalus and Oxytropis found in NewMexico. This is an important group of plants, compris-ing some 80 species in the Fabaceae (pea) family, thethird largest plant family in the state. Many of thespecies in these two genera are toxic to livestock andother grazing animals (see lists below).
The maps were compiled from collection informa-tion primarily provided by the major herbaria in thestate: the Biology Herbarium at the University of NewMexico, Albuquerque; and the Biology Herbarium andRange Science Herbarium at New Mexico State Univer-sity, Las Cruces. Additional records were obtained fromthe herbaria at Western New Mexico University (SilverCity), Arizona State University (Tempe), University ofArizona (Tucson), and Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Gar-dens (Claremont, California). We also relied on what-ever published sources were available, most notablyBarneby’s (1952, 1964) monumental taxonomic workson these two genera.
Nomenclature
We have tried to use the correct scientific nomencla-ture for the names of these plants and have followed AWorking Index of New Mexico Vascular Plant Names(Roalson and Allred 1995). In some cases, we had todecide between conflicting taxonomic interpretations(and their conflicting nomenclatures), but the refer-ences associated with such decisions will also be foundin the vascular plant index.
Poisonous Species of Astragalus and Oxytropis
Several species of Astragalus and Oxytropis containcompounds that are toxic to grazing animals: swainsonine(an alkaloid), nitro-compounds, and selenium (Fox etal., in press). The species that are known to contain these
1Graduate student and professor, respectively, Department of Animal and Range Sciences.
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New Mexico species known to contain selenium:
Astragalus bisulcatus (Hooker) Grayvar. bisulcatusvar. haydenianus (Gray) Gray
Astragalus praelongus Sheldonvar. praelongusvar. ellisiae (Rydberg) Barneby
Astragalus racemosus Purshvar. racemosusvar. longisetus M.E. Jones
Uncommon and Rare Species of Astragalusand Oxytropis
Numerous species of Astragalus were listed in AHandbook of Rare and Endemic Plants of New Mexico(New Mexico Native Plant Protection Advisory Com-mittee 1984) as being particularly interesting because oftheir restricted distributions in New Mexico. There alsoare several species that have since been described orrecently found in New Mexico with limited distribu-tions. We list these species here, so that extensions andadditions to their geographic ranges may be added to thecurrent knowledge of these uncommon species.
Astragalus accumbens SheldonAstragalus altus Wooton & StandleyAstragalus castetteri BarnebyAstragalus chuskanus Barneby & SpellenbergAstragalus crassicarpus Nuttall var. paysonii (Kelso)
BarnebyAstragalus cyaneus GrayAstragalus feensis M.E. JonesAstragalus gypsodes BarnebyAstragalus humillimus Gray ex BrandegeeAstragalus kentrophyta Gray var. neomexicanus (Barneby)
BarnebyAstragalus kerrii Knight & CullyAstragalus knightii BarnebyAstragalus micromerius BarnebyAstragalus mollissimus Torrey var. matthewsii (Watson)
BarnebyAstragalus monumentalis Barneby var. cottamii (Welsh)
IselyAstragalus monumentalis Barneby var. monumentalisAstragalus naturitensis PaysonAstragalus neomexicanus Wooton & StandleyAstragalus oocalycis M.E. JonesAstragalus puniceus Osterhout var. gertrudis (Greene)
BarnebyAstragalus sericoluecus GrayAstragalus siliceus BarnebyAstragalus wittmannii BarnebyOxytropis parryi Gray
References
Barneby, R.C. 1952. A Revision of the North AmericanSpecies of Oxytropis DC. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. IV.27:177–309.
Barneby, R.C. 1964. Atlas of North American Astraga-lus Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 13:1–1188.
Fox, W.E., K.W. Allred, and E.H. Roalson. In Press. AGuide to the Common Locoweeds and Milkvetchesof New Mexico. New Mexico Agr. Exp. Sta.
New Mexico Native Plant Protection Advisory Com-mittee. 1984. A Handbook of Rare and EndemicPlants of New Mexico. University of New MexicoPress, Albuquerque.
Roalson, E.H. and K.W. Allred. 1995. A Working Indexof New Mexico Vascular Plant Names. New MexicoAgr. Exp. Sta. Research Report 702.
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San Juan Rio Arriba
Taos
Colfax Union
HardingMora
San MiguelSanta Fe
Los Alamos
SandovalMcKinley
Cibola Bernalillo
Valencia Torrance
Guadalupe
Quay
Curry
Roosevelt
De Baca
Chaves
Lea
Eddy
Otero
Lincoln
SocorroCatron
Grant
Sierra
Dona Ana
Luna
Hidalgo
Counties of New Mexico.
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Astragalus adsurgens
var. robustior
Astragalus allochrous
var. allochrous
var. playanus
Widespread from Alaska to Manitoba, south to Wash-ington, Iowa, and New Mexico.
Southeastern California to trans-Pecos Texas, south toSonora, Durango, and Chihuahua.
Astragalus albulus
Badlands and clay slopes of northeastern Arizona andnorthwestern New Mexico.
Astragalus agrestis
Widespread in North America, Yukon Territory to Manitoba,south to California, New Mexico, Nebraska, and Iowa.
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Astragalus altus
Astragalus amphioxys Astragalus bisulcatus
var. bisulcatus
var. haydenianus
Known only from New Mexico.
Plains and foothills of Utah, Colorado, Nevada, Ari-zona, and New Mexico.
Var. bisulcatus: Alberta east to Manitoba, south toIdaho, New Mexico, and Kansas. Var. haydenianus:Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona.
Astragalus alpinus
Widespread from Alaska to Nova Scotia, south toOregon, Nevada, New Mexico, Wisconsin, and Ver-mont.
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Astragalus bodinii Astragalus brandegei
Astragalus calycosus
var. scaposus
Astragalus canadensis
Somewhat disjunct in Alaska and northwestern Canada,and Utah, Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, and NewMexico.
Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.
Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. Widespread from British Columbia east to Ontario,south to Washington and South Carolina.
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Astragalus cobrensis
var. cobrensis
var. maguirei
Astragalus castetteri Astragalus ceramicus
Astragalus chuskanus
Known only from New Mexico. Arid western United States, from Idaho to North Da-kota, south to Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma.
Known only from the Chuska Mountains of NewMexico.
Arizona and New Mexico, and probably Chihuahuaand Sonora.
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Astragalus coltonii
var. moabensis
Astragalus crassicarpus
var. crassicarpus
var. cavus
var. paysonii
Astragalus cyaneus Astragalus desperatus
Southeastern Utah and adjacent Colorado, and theFour-Corners area of Arizona and New Mexico.
Alberta to Manitoba, south through the central UnitedStates to New Mexico, Texas, and Arkansas.
Known only from New Mexico. Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico.
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Astragalus drummondii Astragalus egglestonii
Astragalus emoryanus Astragalus eremiticus
Alberta and Saskatchwean, south through the RockyMountains and western prairies to New Mexico.
Western New Mexico and adjacent Arizona.
Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Mexico. Idaho, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico.
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Astragalus feensis Astragalus flavus
var. candicans
var. flavus
Astragalus flexuosus
var. flexuosus
var. greenei
Astragalus fucatus
Known only from New Mexico. Wyoming, Utah, Nevada, Colorado, Arizona, and NewMexico.
British Columbia east to Ontario, south to New Mexico,Nebraska, and Minnesota.
Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.
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Astragalus giganteus Astragalus gilensis
Astragalus gracilis Astragalus gypsodes
New Mexico, Texas, and Chihuahua. Arizona and New Mexico.
Saskatchewan south to New Mexico and Texas. North Dakota to New Mexico and Texas.
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Astragalus hallii
var. fallax
var. hallii
Astragalus humillimus
Astragalus humistratus
var. humistratus
var. sororae
var. humivagans
var. crispulus
var. hosackiae
Astragalus iodopetalus
Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona. Colorado and New Mexico.
Colorado, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico. Colorado and New Mexico.
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Astragalus kentrophyta
var. elatus
var. implexus
var. neomexicanus
Astragalus kerrii
Astragalus knightii Astragalus lentiginosus
var. australis
var. diphysus
Alberta and Saskatchewan south to California, NewMexico, and Nebraska.
Known only from New Mexico.
Widely dispersed from British Columbia to Californiaand east through the Rocky Mountain states to westTexas.
Known only from New Mexico.
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Astragalus lonchocarpus Astragalus lotiflorus
Astragalus micromerius Astragalus missouriensis
var. missouriensis
var. mimetes
var. amphibolus
var. accumbens
Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. British Columbia to Manitoba, south through the RockyMountain and prairie states to New Mexico, Texas, andCoahuila.
Apparently known only from New Mexico. Alberta to Manitoba, south through the Rocky Moun-tains and prairie states to New Mexico and Texas.
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Astragalus mollissimus
var. mollissimus
var. earlei
var. mathewsii
var. mogollonicus
var. bigelovii
var. thompsonae
Astragalus monumentalis
var. cottamii
var. monumentalis
Astragalus naturitensis Astragalus neomexicanus
Utah and Wyoming, south to Chihuahua and Coahuila. Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico.
Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico. Known only from New Mexico.
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Astragalus newberryi Astragalus nothoxys
Astragalus nuttallianus Astragalus oocalycis
Oregon, California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and NewMexico.
Arizona, New Mexico, and Chihuahua.
Southern California and Nevada, east to Colorado,Oklahoma, Texas, and northern Mexico.
Colorado and New Mexico.
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Astragalus pattersonii Astragalus pictiformis
Astragalus praelongus
var. praelongus
var. ellisiae
Astragalus proximus
Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. New Mexico and Texas.
New Mexico and Colorado.Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, andTexas.
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Astragalus puniceus
var. gertrudis
var. puniceus
Astragalus racemosus
var. racemosus
var. longisetus
Astragalus ripleyi Astragalus robbinsii
var. minor
Colorado, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. Saskatchewan south through the prairie states to NewMexico, Texas, and Oklahoma; also Utah and San LuisPotosi.
New Mexico and southern Colorado. Alaska down the Rocky Mountains to northern NewMexico, and the New England states and eastern Canada.
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Astragalus sabulonum Astragalus scopulorum
Astragalus sericoluecus Astragalus shortianus
California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico. Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.
Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, and New Mexico. Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico.
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Astragalus siliceus Astragalus tenellus
Astragalus tephrodes
var. tephrodes
var. brachylobus
Astragalus thurberi
Known only from New Mexico. Yukon east to Manitoba, south to Nevada, New Mexico,Nebraska, and Minnesota.
Nevada and southwestern Utah, Arizona, and NewMexico.
Arizona, New Mexico, and Sonora.
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Astragalus vaccarum Astragalus waterfallii
Astragalus wingatanus Astragalus wittmannii
Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico. New Mexico, Texas, and Chihuahua.
Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. Known only from New Mexico.
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Oxytropis deflexa
var. deflexa
var. sericea
Oxytropis lambertii
var. bigelovii
var. articulata
Oxytropis parryi Oxytropis sericea
Saskatchewan and Manitoba south to Arizona and NewMexico.
California, Idaho, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and NewMexico.
Yukon south to Nevada, New Mexico, and Oklahoma.
Widespread through the Rocky Mountains from New Mexiconorth to the Yukon.
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Oxytropis splendens
Alaska to Ontario, south through the northern plainstates to Colorado and New Mexico.
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April 1997 Las Cruces, NM5C