MINIMUM DATA SET PADA ASESMEN KUALITAS TANAH

The SSSA SQ definition

Soil quality is the capacity of a specific kind of soilto function, within natural or managed ecosystemboundaries, to sustain plant and animal productivity,maintain or enhance water and air quality,and support human health and habitation

(Agronomy News, June 1995)

Soil quality

How to know the quality of soil ?????Evaluating the soil properties or

Assessing the soil quality using any indicators of soil properties

MINIMUM DATA SET: INDIKATOR KUANTITATIF PADA ASESMEN KUALITAS TANAH

Asesmen Kualitas Tanah Dilakukan Dengan Mengevaluasi Berbagai Indikator:

Fisik, Kimia, Biologi, Proses atau Karakteristik Tanah. Dapat Pula Dari Penampilan atau Morfologi Tanaman

Asesmen Kualitas Tanah: (1) Kualitatif dan (2) Kuantitatif(1) Kualitatif: Asesmen yang dilakukan secara sederhana, dan tanpa alat ukur, Serta sifatnya subjektif, sehingga hasilnya tidak dapat dibandingkan dengan

Hasil pengukuran orang atau wilayah lain;

(2) Kuantitatif: Pengukuran setiap indikator dilakukan secara akurat menggunakan alat ukur dan standar nilai yang tepat, sehingga sifatnya

objektif dan dapat dibandingkan dengan hasil pengukuran lain

Soil Function Soil Function Soil Function

Management Goals

Minimum Data Set

Indicator Indicator Indicator IndicatorIndicator

score score score score score

Index Value

Soil Function Soil Function Soil Function

Management Goals

Minimum Data Set

Indicator Indicator Indicator IndicatorIndicator

score score score score score

Index Value

Soil Function Soil Function Soil Function

Management Goals

Minimum Data Set

Indicator Indicator Indicator IndicatorIndicator

score score score score score

Index Value Karlen et al. (2004)

Karena Banyaknya Sifat-Sifat Tanah Maka Sifat-Sifat Tersebut TidakDapat Diukur Semuanya, Maka Suatu “Set” Sifat-Sifat Tanah Minimum yang

Dapat Diukur dan Berpengaruh Terhadap Kapasitas Tanah UntukMemainkan/Melakukan Peran dan Fungsinya Didalam Produksi Tanaman

atau Lingkungan ------- Minimum Data Set (MDS)

Minimum Data Set (MDS) --------

Biasanya Tidak Mencakup Semua Sifat-Sifat Tanah, Hanya Sifat-Sifat yang

Relevan Dengan Wilayah atau Sistem Pertanian (Farming Systems)

MDS ---- Kelompok Minimum Indikator yang Dibutuhkan untuk Memperoleh

Pemahaman yang Komprehensif Terhadap Kualitas Tanah yang Dievaluasi

Minimum Data Set ---- Merefleksikan Pertanyaan :

“Pengukuran / Indikator Apa yang Harus Dibuat atau Apa yang Dapat Diamati Sehingga Akan Membantu Mengevaluasi Pengaruh

Pengelolaan Pada Fungsi Tanah Saat Ini maupun Waktu Akan Datang”

Sehingga Indikator yang Dipilih:

- Dapat Diukur oleh Sebanyak Mungkin Pemakai, Tidak Hanya Oleh Kalangan Terbatas- Menggambarkan Proses Ekologis Utama Didalam Tanah- Berkaitan Dengan Fungsi Ekosistem Utama- Mengintegrasikan Sifat-Sifat Fisik, Kimia, dan Biologi Tanah

Example of a Minimum Data Set of Indicators for Soil Quality

Indicator Relationship to Soil Health

Soil organic matter (SOM) Soil fertility, structure, stability, nutrient

retention, soil erosion, and available water capacity

PHYSICAL

Soil structure Retention and transport of water and nutrients, habitat for

microbes, and soil erosion

Depth of soil and rooting Estimate of crop productivity potential,

compaction, and plow pan

Infiltration and bulk density Water movement, porosity, and workability

Water holding capacity Water storage and availability

CHEMICAL

pH Biological and nutrient availability

Electrical conductivity Plant growth, microbial activity, and salt tolerance

Extractable nitrogen (N),

phosphorus (P), and potassium (K)

Plant available nutrients and potential for N and P loss

BIOLOGICAL

Microbial biomass carbon (C) and N Microbial catalytic potential and

repository for C and N

Potentially mineralizable N Soil productivity and N supplying potential

Soil respiration Microbial activity measure

(Adapted from: Doran et al, 1996; Larson and Pierce, 1994; and Seybold et al, 1997)

Tugas Portofolio: Nilai 20%

Menyusun portofolio tentang konsep minimum data set dan menyelesaikan Problem MDS pada berbagai jenis”farming systems”

ASESMEN KUALITAS ASESMEN KUALITAS TANAHTANAH

ASESMEN KUALITAS ASESMEN KUALITAS TANAHTANAH

ASESMEN KUALITAS TANAHASESMEN KUALITAS TANAH

ASESMEN KUALITAS TANAHASESMEN KUALITAS TANAH

MLRA 42, Southern Desertic Basins, Plains, MountainsMLRA 42, Southern Desertic Basins, Plains, Mountains LRU: SD-2LRU: SD-2

ClimateClimate8-10” ppt8-10” pptmostly summer pptmostly summer ppt6060oo F; 5 below zero to 110 F; 5 below zero to 110200-215 FFD200-215 FFD

Elevation and topographyElevation and topography 3,800- 5200 feet3,800- 5200 feet““gently sloping plains brokengently sloping plains broken

by mountains” by mountains”SoilsSoils

ThermicThermicUstic AridicUstic AridicArgids, Calcids, Cambids, TorrispammentsArgids, Calcids, Cambids, Torrispamments

Potential natural vegetationPotential natural vegetationGrassland, mixed grassland-shrub.Grassland, mixed grassland-shrub.Black grama, bush muhly, giant Black grama, bush muhly, giant

dropseed, tobosa, soaptree yucca, dropseed, tobosa, soaptree yucca, creosote, tarbushcreosote, tarbush

SD-2

Black grama-Tobosa grassland

Tobosa-Burrograss grassland

2. 2. Soil-landscape relationships are Soil-landscape relationships are developed and soils are mapped.developed and soils are mapped.

SoilsSoilsSoil QualitySoil Quality

Soil QualitySoil Quality

Soil functions to :Soil functions to : Sustain plant growthSustain plant growth Sustain environmental qualitySustain environmental quality Provide for plant, animal, and human health.Provide for plant, animal, and human health.

The terms “Soil Quality” and “Soil Health” The terms “Soil Quality” and “Soil Health” describe the soil’s ability to perform the describe the soil’s ability to perform the above functions.above functions.

KONSEP KUNCI DALAM ASESMEN KONSEP KUNCI DALAM ASESMEN KUALITAS TANAHKUALITAS TANAH

Asesemen Kualitas Tanah Dilakukan Asesemen Kualitas Tanah Dilakukan Dengan Mengevaluasi Indikator Dari Dengan Mengevaluasi Indikator Dari

Karakteristik TanahKarakteristik Tanah

Assessment of Soil QualityAssessment of Soil Quality

Not one measurable parameter.Not one measurable parameter. Soil Quality Indicators:Soil Quality Indicators:

Physical propertiesPhysical properties• Soil TextureSoil Texture• Bulk Density – weight per unit volumeBulk Density – weight per unit volume• Rooting/soil depthRooting/soil depth• Water infiltration/conductivityWater infiltration/conductivity• Water Holding CapacityWater Holding Capacity• Structure/Aggregate StabilityStructure/Aggregate Stability

Soil Quality IndicatorsSoil Quality Indicators

Soil Chemical PropertiesSoil Chemical Properties pHpH Electrical Conductivity (EC)Electrical Conductivity (EC) Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) Soil Organic Matter (SOM)Soil Organic Matter (SOM) Mineralizable NMineralizable N Exchangeable Cations (nutrients)Exchangeable Cations (nutrients)

Soil Quality IndicatorsSoil Quality Indicators

Soil Biological PropertiesSoil Biological Properties Organic NitrogenOrganic Nitrogen Organic CarbonOrganic Carbon Microbial BiomassMicrobial Biomass MacroorganismsMacroorganisms

Sembilan (9) Tahap Dalam Sembilan (9) Tahap Dalam Asesmen Kualitas TanahAsesmen Kualitas Tanah

1.1. Identify Problems and OpportunitiesIdentify Problems and Opportunities

2.2. Determine Assessing Soil Quality GoalsDetermine Assessing Soil Quality Goals

3.3. Inventory Resources of Assessing Soil QualityInventory Resources of Assessing Soil Quality

4.4. Analyze Resources DataAnalyze Resources Data

5.5. Formulate AlternativesFormulate Alternatives

6.6. Evaluate AlternativesEvaluate Alternatives

7.7. Make DecisionsMake Decisions

8.8. Implement the PlanImplement the Plan

9.9. Evaluate the Plan – Follow UpEvaluate the Plan – Follow Up

Identify Problems and Identify Problems and OpportunitiesOpportunities

Identify General Resources Problems, Identify General Resources Problems, Opportunities, and Concerns. Collect Opportunities, and Concerns. Collect

on General Information Resources on General Information Resources Need (Soil Map, PlanNeed (Soil Map, Plan ｔ ｔ Management, Management,

Technical Asst., Other Resources)Technical Asst., Other Resources)

ASSIGMENT FOR 2008 CLASS:

Make a paper for this lecture at least 5 pgs, on three weeks after holyday.

Personal assigment.