Nevado Del Ruiz, Colombia Volcan Del Fuego,Colima,Mexico Nyiragongo, Zaire/Congo, Africa.
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Transcript of Nevado Del Ruiz, Colombia Volcan Del Fuego,Colima,Mexico Nyiragongo, Zaire/Congo, Africa.
![Page 1: Nevado Del Ruiz, Colombia Volcan Del Fuego,Colima,Mexico Nyiragongo, Zaire/Congo, Africa.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649ee75503460f94bf85f0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
• Nevado Del Ruiz, Colombia
• Volcan Del Fuego,Colima,Mexico
• Nyiragongo, Zaire/Congo, Africa
![Page 2: Nevado Del Ruiz, Colombia Volcan Del Fuego,Colima,Mexico Nyiragongo, Zaire/Congo, Africa.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649ee75503460f94bf85f0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Nevado Del Ruiz, Colombia http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5cjTTu5A9iw
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Overview:
• Location
• Type of volcano
• Times of eruption
• Magma type
• Casualties
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Location:
• In the Andes mountains of South America.– In West-central
Colombia.
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Type of volcano:
• Stratovolcano, also called composite volcano.
• With an elevation of 5,389 m.
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Times of eruption:
• Nevado Del Ruiz generated killer mudflows in 1595.
• Then again in 1845, hundreds died in settlements located at the site of Armero.
– After the 1845 eruption Nevado Del Ruiz was quiet for 140 years.
– People forget about the destruction and Armero was built on the same site, growing to a town of 30,000 by 1980
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Cont.
• Until the 1985 eruption that produced mudflows which reached the town of Armero.
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Magma type:
• High viscosity andesitic to rhyolitic lava flows.– Explosive eruption style.– Eruption types: Plinian
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Casualties:• More than 23,000 people were killed.
• 5,000 injured.
• 5,00 homes were destroy.
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Volcan Del Fuego Colimahttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-3EQiWnou4w
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Overview:
• Location
• Type of volcano
• Times of eruption
• Magma type
• Casualties
![Page 14: Nevado Del Ruiz, Colombia Volcan Del Fuego,Colima,Mexico Nyiragongo, Zaire/Congo, Africa.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649ee75503460f94bf85f0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Location
![Page 15: Nevado Del Ruiz, Colombia Volcan Del Fuego,Colima,Mexico Nyiragongo, Zaire/Congo, Africa.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649ee75503460f94bf85f0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Type of volcano
• Composite or Stratovolcano
• Considered Mexico’s most dangerous and active volcano
• Erupted a few dozen times since the 1500’s
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Location
• 280 miles west of Mexico
• Subduction zone between the Pacific plate and the North American plate
• 13,325 ft. high
• Pacific ‘Ring of fire’
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Oceanic-Continental Subduction Zone
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Ring of Fire
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Magma type
• High viscosity andesitic to rhyolitic lava flows– Explosive eruptive style(pyroclastic lava flow)
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Nyiragongo, Congo
One of eight volcanoes in the Virunga National Park.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W_meqhjQxb8http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jBro5jOG00s
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Overview:
• Location
• Type of volcano
• Times of eruption
• Magma type
• Casualties
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East African Rift Zone
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Nyiragongo, Strato or Shield??
•
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Recent Eruption Disaster• Erupted 1/17/02, at 8:35am
• Earthquakes were felt for 2 weeks preceding the eruption, every 40 seconds during the eruption, and have died down exponentially, yet continue still
• Spewed 250 Million cubic meters of lava (125,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools)
• As stratovolcano, no pyroclastic flows, and the lava flowed at a slow rate of 1.2 - 1.6 km/hour
• Eruptions have occurred every 10 years since 1884
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Cones and Craters Surround the Volcano.
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• Nyiragongo erupts January 17, 2002
• Lava flows from the southern flanks toward Goma.
• Basaltic flows reach 1.2 to 1.8 km/hour.
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Basaltic Trail Blazer.
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Nyiragongo’ Refugees.
• Approximately 400,000 evacuated for 3 days.
• 12000 families left homeless
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80 Percent of Goma Destroyed.
• 14 villages damaged.
• 45 dead from eruption.
• Civil Disobedience results in more.
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Crater in Nyiragongo’s Summit. Is it half full or half empty?
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Oct, 7, 1999
Quito, Ecuador
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Volcanoes rolling ash and rings of steam rise from 15,728 foot-tall Guagua Pichincha on the morning of October 7, 1999.No sound or tremor alerted the nearby city of Quito and wind swept ash away quickly.
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Quito, EcuadorOct, 7, 1999
Shower of ash turning day to night for the first time since 1960
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Fig. 6-29, p.141
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Predicting Eruptions• Establish a volcano’s
history– Active– Dormant
• Monitor changes and anomalies– Earthquakes– Changes in shape or
elevation– Volcanic gases– Changes in ground
temperature– Composition of water
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Predicting Eruptions