Network Chapter3 - Protocol

8/9/2019 Network Chapter3 - Protocol

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Lesson 3 :Protocols


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Objectives

At the end of this session, you will be able to: Define a protocol. List the functions of a protocol. Define protocol stack Appreciate the benefits of binding protocol. List the protocol stack commonly used in

computer networks. List the protocols commonly used in computer

networks. Differentiate between connection oriented

communication and connectionlesscommunication.


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Protocols Is a set of rules of information exchangeCarries out the following tasks in a sending

computer: Divides data into packets Adds addressing and control information to the

packet Prepares the data or actual transmission through

network adapter cardCarries out the following tasks in a receiving

computer: Retrieves the packets from the network cable

through the network adapter card


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Protocols (contd)

Stores packets in buffer for reassembling Recreates original data by reassembling the

packets in proper sequence Passes the data to the application


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The OSI model showing the layersof protocols

Application Layer

Presentation Layer

Session Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Data Link Layer

Physical Layer

Initiates a request or accepts a request

Adds formatting, display, and encryptioninformation to the packet

Adds traffic flow information to determine

when the packet gets sent

Adds error-handling information

Sequencing and address informationis added to the packet

Adds error-checking information andprepares data for going on tothe physical connection

Packet sent as a bit stream


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Routable Protocols :

That supports multi-path LAN to LANcommunication is called a routable protocol

Three types of protocol:--Application protocol

which for application-to-application interactionand data exchange


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Communication tasks within theOSI model

Application Layer

Presentation Layer

Session Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Data Link Layer

Physical Layer

Application-level networkservice users

Transport services

Network services


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Protocol (contd.)

Transport protocol which establishes communication sessions

between computers

Network protocol which handles: Routing Addressing information Error checking Retransmission requests


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Standard Protocol Stacks/Suite

Commonly used in networks are: The ISO/OSI protocol suite IBM Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Digital DECnet Novell NetWare Apple AppleTalk The Internet protocol suite TCP/IP


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Binding

Allows the protocols to bind more than oneprotocol to the same network adapter card

Order describes the way in which variousprotocols are bound to the network adapter card Order determines the order in which the

operating system runs the protocol


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Types of Protocols

Protocols are classified into:TCP/IP

Stands for Transmission ControlProtocol/Internet Protocol

Is used in a computer network Supports routing Can access the Internet and its resources Has other protocols written specifically for it such

as SMTP that is used to send E-mails


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Commonly Used Protocol (contd.)

FTP that is used to transfer files amongstcomputers

SNMP that is used for network management

NetBEUI: Is an efficient transport layer protocol Is compatible with all Microsoft based networks Offers high speed on small networks Offers good error protection Is not routable


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Commonly Used Protocol (contd.)

NW Link IPX/SPX: Is Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced

Packet Exchange Protocol

Is used by Novel networks for informationexchange NW Link is Microsofts implementation of IPX/SPX

protocol stack used in Novel Networks

APPC: Stands for Advanced Program to Program

Communication Is IBMs transport protocol developed as part of

its System Network Architecture(SNA)


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Commonly Used Protocol (contd.)AppleTalk:

Is a protocol stack

Enables Apple Macintosh computers toshare files and printers in a networkedenvironment


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Communication

Between two computers can be: Connectionless communication Connection-oriented communication


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Connectionless Communication

The sending computer transmits the data via freepaths

Is faster than connection oriented communication

Connection Oriented Communication Establishes a connection between the sending

and receiving computers to transmit data Ensures reliable transmission of data

Network Chapter3 - Protocol

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