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THE DEMOGRAPHIC OF THE NETHERLANDS
The Netherlands is the 61st most populated country in the world and as of
March 9, 2011 it has a population of 16,663,831.Between 1900 and 1950 the
population had doubled from 5.1 to 10.0 million people. From 1951 to 2000
the population increased from 10.0 to 15.9 million people, making the relative
increase smaller.[2]
The Dutch population is ageing. Furthermore, the life expectancy has
increased because of developments in medicine, and in addition to this, the
Netherlands has seen increasing immigration. These developments combined
with the population boom after the Second World War has created extremely
low population growth: in 2005 saw the lowest absolute population growth
since 1900This has created a demographic problem with consequences for
health care and social security policy. As the Dutch population ages, the
number of people able to work, as a percentage of the entire population,
decreases. Important policy advisors like the CBS and the CPB have
predicted that this makes the current system of old age pensions problematic:
fewer people will work to pay for old age pensions, while there will be more
people receiving those pensions. Furthermore the costs of health care are
also projected to increase. These developments have caused several
cabinets, most notably the recent Second cabinet Balkenende to reform the
system of health care and social security: increasing participation in the labour
market and making people more conscious of the moneIn 2003, the birth rate
was highest in the province of Flevoland. Total fertility rate (TFR) was highest
in the province of Flevoland and lowest in the province of Limburg. The
municipality with the highest TFR was Urk followed by Valkenburg,Graafstroom (2.79) and Staphorst (2.76). The lowest TFR were recorded in
Vaals (1.11)and Thorn (1.21).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_populationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Netherlands#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Netherlands#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Netherlands#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_ageinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_expectancyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_boomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_World_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_carehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centraal_Bureau_voor_de_Statistiekhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centraal_Planbureauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_cabinet_Balkenendehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_fertility_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_fertility_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_cabinet_Balkenendehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centraal_Planbureauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centraal_Bureau_voor_de_Statistiekhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_carehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_World_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_boomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_expectancyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_ageinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Netherlands#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_populationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics -
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The total population at December 31, 2006 was 16,356,914. The
population loss due to net emigration was 35,502 (an estimated 40-50% of
emigrants were ethnic non-Dutch).
In 2007, there were 117,000 immigrants(Including 7,000 Germans, 6,000
Poles, 5,000 Bulgarians, 3,000 Turks and 2,000 Moroccans) and 123,000
emigrants(Nearly half of emigrants were native Dutch, followed at a distance
by nearly 5000 Poles and more than 3000 Germans). There was an
observable increase in net-immigration from the former USSR, Bulgaria and
Romania.
The death rate were lowest in the municipalities of Valkenburg (2.9 per
1000), Zeewolde (3.2), Renswoude (3.4), Westervoort and Zeevang (both 3.9).
The highest death rates were recorded in Warmond (22.3), Laren (19.9) and
Doorn (18.8).
In 2007, there were 117,000 immigrants(Including 7,000 Germans, 6,000
Poles, 5,000 Bulgarians, 3,000 Turks and 2,000 Moroccans) and 123,000
emigrants(Nearly half of emigrants were native Dutch, followed at a distance
by nearly 5000 Poles and more than 3000 Germans). There was an
observable increase in net-immigration from the former USSR, Bulgaria and
Romania.
The death rate were lowest in the municipalities of Valkenburg (2.9 per
1000), Zeewolde (3.2), Renswoude (3.4), Westervoort and Zeevang (both 3.9).
The highest death rates were recorded in Warmond (22.3), Laren (19.9) and
Doorn (18.8).
16.4% of the total births in 2003 were to parents of non-European origin,
although they account for only 12.4% of the population in the 25-34 age group.
For example, 3.8% of the births were ethnic Moroccan, although they were
only 2.26% of the 25-34 age group. Respective figures were 3.27% and 3.0%
for Turks. The TFR for Moroccans in 2003 was 3.3 while the general TFR was
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1.73. TFR was 2.3 for Turks, 1.7 for Surinamese, 1.8 for Arubans, 3.0 for
Africans and 1.8 for Latin Americans.
According to Statistics Netherlands, for the year 2007, TFR for those who
were born in Netherlands was 1.72[7] (1.65 in 2000). TFR of Moroccan
immigrants was 2.87 (3.22 in 2000) and that of Turkish immigrants was 1.88
(2.18 in 2000). [8]
Vital statistics since 1900
In 2007, there were 117,000 immigrants(Including 7,000 Germans,
6,000 Poles, 5,000 Bulgarians, 3,000 Turks and 2,000 Moroccans) and
123,000 emigrants(Nearly half of emigrants were native Dutch, followed at a
distance by nearly 5000 Poles and more than 3000 Germans). There was an
observable increase in net-immigration from the former USSR, Bulgaria and
Romania.
The death rate were lowest in the municipalities of Valkenburg (2.9 per
1000), Zeewolde (3.2), Renswoude (3.4), Westervoort and Zeevang (both 3.9).
The highest death rates were recorded in Warmond (22.3), Laren (19.9) and
Doorn (18.8).
16.4% of the total births in 2003 were to parents of non-European
origin, although they account for only 12.4% of the population in the 25-34
age group. For example, 3.8% of the births were ethnic Moroccan, although
they were only 2.26% of the 25-34 age group. Respective figures were 3.27%and 3.0% for Turks. The TFR for Moroccans in 2003 was 3.3 while the
general TFR was 1.73. TFR was 2.3 for Turks, 1.7 for Surinamese, 1.8 for
Arubans, 3.0 for Africans and 1.8 for Latin Americans.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinamesehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arubahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_Americanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Netherlands#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Netherlands#cite_note-6http://paa2007.princeton.edu/download.aspx?submissionId=70869http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinamesehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arubahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_Americanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_Americanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arubahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinamesehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkshttp://paa2007.princeton.edu/download.aspx?submissionId=70869http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Netherlands#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_Americanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arubahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinamesehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turks -
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ECONOMIC OVERVIEW OF THE COUNTRY
On the Index of Economic Freedom, the Netherlands is the 13th mostlaissez-faire capitalist economy out of 157 surveyed countries. At the time of
writing the Netherlands is the 16th largest economy of the world. (see: List of
countries by GDP (nominal))
Between 1998 and 2000 annual economic growth (GDP) averaged nearly
4%, well above the European average. Growth slowed considerably in 2001-
05 as part of the global economic slowdown. 2006 however, showed a
promising 2.9% growth. Yearly growth accelerated to 4.2% in the third quarter
of 2007. Inflation is 1.3% and is expected to stay low at about 1.5% in the
coming years.
The Netherlands is a founding member of the European Union, the OECD
and the World Trade Organization
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_Economic_Freedomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laissez-fairehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GDPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OECDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OECDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GDPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laissez-fairehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_Economic_Freedom -
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OVERVIEW OF THE INDUSTRY TRADE AND COMMERCE
Netherlands - Trade sector
Almost 160 million people live within a 300-mile radius of Rotterdam.
This includes more than half of the population of the EU. As a result, the
Netherlands is perfectly positioned as a gateway for goods being imported
into the EU. In addition, Dutch goods are easily exported throughout the
region. In all, 80 percent of Dutch exports go to other nations within the EU
and 70 percent of goods imported into the Netherlands come from the EU.
Asia accounts for only 17 percent of the nation's exports and 7 percent of its
imports. The largest individual destination for Dutch goods is Germany at 27
percent, followed by Belgium-Luxembourg at 13 percent, France at 11
percent, the United Kingdom at 10 percent, and Italy at 6 percent. Imports are
divided between Germany with 20 percent of the total, Belgium-Luxembourg
with 11 percent, the United Kingdom with 10 percent, the United States with 9
percent, and France with 7 percent. The Dutch are the ninth-largest trading
partner with the United States and the third-largest in Europe. The United
States has its largest trade surplus with the Netherlands, averaging US$10billion per year.
The Netherlands leads its EU partners in issues such as trade
liberalization and the privatization of key industries such as
telecommunications and transportation. Thus, it is in a good position to
continue its trade surplus. In 1999, its trade surplus in both goods and
services amounted to US$18 billion. This represented a 6 percent growth rate
over the previous year and accounted for 6 percent of the kingdom's GDP.
Dutch exports are concentrated in products that tend to do well even during
periods of recession. These exports include food and agricultural products
and energy resources.
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The various industries that operate in the Netherlands are:
Agro-industries
Metal and engineering products
Electrical machinery and equipment
Chemicals
Petroleum
Construction
Microelectronics
Fishing
Netherlands Industry Sectors: An Insight To The Performance
This is how the various industries performed in the Netherlands:
Marine Industry: The Netherlands industry sector received a
contribution of $6.3 billions in 2009 and registered a growth rate of
2.9% from 2005 to 2009.
Netherlands Rail Industries: The Dutch rail sector generated
revenues of $171 million in 2008 and saw a growth rate of 3.3%
during 2004-2008.
Netherlands Road Industries: In 2008, Hollands road freight sector
generated total revenues of $33.1 billion and reported a growth rate
of 1.5% during 2004-2008.
Netherlands Air Industries: The freight sector added total revenues
of $2.7 billion in 2008, with a growth rate of 2.1% from 2004 to 2008.
http://www.economywatch.com/world_economy/netherlands/industry-sector-industries.htmlhttp://www.economywatch.com/world_economy/netherlands/industry-sector-industries.html -
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OVERVIEW OF DIFFERENT ECONOMIC SECTORS OF
NETHERLAND
23 October 2009
by Ina Dimireva-- last modified 17 November 2010
Economy Overview
Industrial activity is predominantly in food processing, chemicals,
petroleum refining, and electrical machinery. A highly mechanized agricultural
sector employs no more than 3% of the labor force but provides largesurpluses for the food-processing industry and for exports. The Netherlands,
along with 11 of its EU partners, began circulating the euro currency on 1
January 2002. The country has been one of the leading European nations for
attracting foreign direct investment and is one of the four largest investors in
the US. After 26 years of uninterrupted economic growth, the Netherlands'
economy - which is highly open and dependent on foreign trade and financial
services - was hard-hit by global economic crisis. Dutch GDP contracted 3.9%
in 2009, while exports declined nearly 25% due to a sharp contraction in world
demand. The Dutch financial sector has also suffered, due in part to the high
exposure of some Dutch banks to U.S. mortgage-backed securities. In
response to turmoil in financial markets, the government nationalized two
banks and injected billions of dollars into a third, to prevent further systemic
risk. The government also sought to boost the domestic economy by
accelerating infrastructure programs, offering corporate tax breaks for
employers to retain workers, and expanding export credit facilities. The
stimulus programs and bank bailouts, however, have resulted in a
government budget deficit of nearly 4.6% of GDP in 2009 that contrasts
sharply with a surplus of 0.7% of GDP in 2008. With unemployment rising, the
government of Prime Minister Jan Peter BALKENENDE is likely to come
under increased pressure to keep the budget deficit in check while promoting
economic recovery.
http://www.eubusiness.com/Members/Ina%20Dimirevahttp://www.eubusiness.com/Members/Ina%20Dimirevahttp://www.eubusiness.com/Members/Ina%20Dimireva -
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GDP (purchasing power parity):
$660 billion (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 22
note: data are in 2009 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
$794.8 billion (2009 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
-3.9% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 179
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$39,500 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 21
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 1.6%
industry: 23.6%
services: 74.9% (2009 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $368 billion
expenditures: $409.9 billion (2009 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
1.2% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 53
2.5% (2008 e
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Netherland overview
Current account balance
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OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS & TRADE OF INTERNATIONAL
LEVEL
International trade Overview
The Netherlands has a long and strong tradition as an open economy.
The export turnover was 72.6 percent of the GNP, compared to 44.8 percent
in 1970. Notwithstanding the decrease in exports in 2009,foreign trade in the
Netherlands has grown steadily in line with the world economy. EU countries
were the destination of 74.5 percent of Dutch exports in 2009. Germany has
been the leading destination of Dutch exports for many years, taking 24.1
percent (down from 24.5 percent in 2008), followed by Belgium (11 percent),
France (9 percent), the UK (8.5 percent), according to Statistics Netherlands.
Exports to the United States exceeded 14 billion Euros, or about 4.5 percent
of all Dutch exports in 2009. Exports to Asia accounted for 25.5 billion Euros
or 8.2 percent of the total, with Japan, China, Taiwan and South Korea among
the leading destinations.
Foreign Trade Overview
The Dutch prosperity has always been based on its international
trade. Its level of openness (imports plus exports of goods and services)
usually surpasses 100% of the GDP, which makes of its economy one of the
most open and foreign trade-oriented. The Netherlands has the biggest
European harbor at Rotterdam, thanks to its geographical situation.
Foreign trade has experienced a significant drop during the crisis butdue to its high technology industries and services, the Netherlands remains as
one of the main pillars of the economy. Exports as well as imports have
revived in 2010 and the country should reach a small growth in 2011. The
country has a structural positive trade balance, a trend that should continue.
The country's main trade partners are the European Union, the United States
and China.
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Industry
Dutch industry has reacted swiftly to technological advances, leading in
turn to ripple effects throughout the economy. The information and
communications technology sector now accounts for nearly 20 percent of total
GDP growth. In addition, biotechnology is playing an increasingly prominent
role in more traditional sectors such as agro-food and chemicals. These
trends have been spearheaded by Dutch and foreign firms alike, especially in
the fields of information and communications technology, life sciences and
chemicals.
From:NL EVD International
Import Export Trade balance
mln euro mln euro mln euro
2005 249845 281300 31455
2006 285370 318953 33584
2007 306821 344302 37482
2008 335921 370480 34559
2009 275791 309554 33763
Import Export Trade balance
mln euro mln euromln euro
2004 64097 68262 4165
2005 67934 73998 6064
2006 69199 77020 7821
2007 71721 81534 9813
2008 76470 85935 9465
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PRESENT TRADE RELATION & BUSINESS VOLUME OF DIFFERENT
PRODUCTS WITH INDIA
Which are key trade areas that both the countries can work on together?
A number of promising sectors for the Dutch business sector have
been identified, partly on the criteria extent and development of the Indian
market, and opportunities for Dutch export and investments.
The promising sectors that we can look at such as agro-industry, agro-
technology, the seed sector, food processing and safety, as well as
refrigerated storage.
Other sectors like building, infrastructure and logistics, including port
and airport development and the water sector. Opportunities have also been
identified in the area of design, the automotive industry, petroleum and gas
products, urban development and environmental technology. Moreover,
many textiles as well as cast and forged products are being imported
from India.
--
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Hyva company deal with india
In January 2011, Hyva India produced the 50.000th tipper since
1996 and produced the 100.000th cylinder since 2004.
The Indian presence of the Dutch supply chain cluster, Food Tech
netherland, was launched in March 2011 by the secretary of food processing
industries in Mumbai. The Food Tech Holland cluster is a consortium of
innovative Dutch companies operating in the food sector
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PEST ANALYSIS
Political parties
Due to the multi-party system, no single party has held a majority in
parliament since the 19th century, and coalition cabinets had to be formed.
Since suffrage became universal in 1919, the Dutch political system has been
dominated by three families of political parties: the strongest family were the
Christian democrats, currently represented by the Christian Democratic
Appeal (CDA), second were the social democrats, of which the Labour Party
(PvdA), and third were the liberals, of which the People's Party for Freedom
and Democracy (VVD) is the main representative.
In the 1994 election, the CDA lost its dominant position. A "purple"
cabinet was formed by VVD, D66, and PvdA. In the 2002 elections, this
cabinet lost its majority, due to an increased support for the CDA and the rise
of the LPF, a new political party around Pim Fortuyn, who was assassinated a
week before the elections. A short-lived cabinet was formed by CDA, VVD,
and LPF, which was led by CDA leader Jan Peter Balkenende. After the 2003
elections in which the LPF lost most of its seats, a cabinet was formed by
CDA, VVD, and D66. The cabinet initiated an ambitious program of reforming
the welfare state, the health care system, and the immigration policies.
In June 2006, the cabinet fell after D66 voted in favour of a motion of
no confidence against minister of immigration and integration Rita Verdonk,
who had instigated an investigation of the asylum procedure of VVD MP
Ayaan Hirsi Ali. A care taker cabinet was formed by CDA and VVD, and the
general elections were held on 22 November 2006. In these elections, the
CDA remained the largest party and the SP made the largest gains. The
formation of a new cabinet took three months, resulting in a coalition of CDA,
PvdA, and ChristianUnion.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_parties_of_the_Netherlandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalition_governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffragehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_Labour_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_Netherlandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Party_for_Freedom_and_Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Party_for_Freedom_and_Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_1994http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple_%28government%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_2002http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lijst_Pim_Fortuynhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pim_Fortuynhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Balkenende_cabinethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Peter_Balkenendehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_2003http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_2003http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balkenende_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welfare_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_policyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rita_Verdonkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayaan_Hirsi_Alihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balkenende_IIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Party_%28Netherlands%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006-2007_Dutch_cabinet_formationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands_cabinet_Balkenende-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChristianUnionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChristianUnionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands_cabinet_Balkenende-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006-2007_Dutch_cabinet_formationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Party_%28Netherlands%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balkenende_IIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayaan_Hirsi_Alihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rita_Verdonkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_policyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welfare_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balkenende_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_2003http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_2003http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_2003http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Peter_Balkenendehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Balkenende_cabinethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pim_Fortuynhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lijst_Pim_Fortuynhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_2002http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple_%28government%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_general_election,_1994http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Party_for_Freedom_and_Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Party_for_Freedom_and_Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Party_for_Freedom_and_Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_Netherlandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_Labour_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suffragehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalition_governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_parties_of_the_Netherlands -
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On 20 February 2010, the cabinet fell when the PvdA refused to
prolong the involvement of the Dutch Army in Uruzgan, Afghanistan.[43] Snap
elections were held on 9 June 2010, with devastating results for the previously
largest party, the CDA, which lost about half of its seats, resulting in 21 seats.
The VVD became the largest party with 31 seats, closely followed by the
PvdA with 30 seats. The big winner of the 2010 elections was Geert Wilders
whose PVV more than doubled in number of seats. Negotiation talks for a
new government have resulted in a VVD-led minority government in coalition
with CDA as of 14 October 2010. This minority government is supported by
PVV.
ECONOMY
Main articles: Economy of the Netherlands and List of Dutch companies
Amsterdam Stock Exchange performance
The Netherlands has a very strong economy and has been playing a
special role in the European economy for many centuries. Since the 16th
century, shipping, fishing, trade, and banking have been leading sectors of the
Dutch economy. The Netherlands is one of the world's 10 leading exporting
countries. Foodstuffs form the largest industrial sector. Other major industries
include chemicals, metallurgy, machinery, electrical, goods and tourism.
Examples include Unilever, Heineken, financial services (ING), chemicals
(DSM), petroleum refining (Shell), electronically machinery (Philips, ASML)
and car navigation Tom-tom.
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The Netherlands has the 16th largest economy in the world, and ranks
7th in GDP (nominal) per capita. Between 1997 and 2000 annual economic
growth (GDP) averaged nearly 4%, well above the European average. Growth
slowed considerably from 2001 to 2005 with the global economic slowdown,
but accelerated to 4.1% in the third quarter of 2007. Inflation is 1.3%, and
unemployment is at 4.0% of the labor force. By Euro stat standards,
unemployment in the Netherlands is at 4.1% (April 2010) the lowest rate of
all European Union member states.[54]The Netherlands also has a relatively
low GINI coefficient of 0.326. Despite ranking only 7th in GDP per capita,
UNICEF ranked the Netherlands 1st in child well-being.[55] On the Index of
Economic Freedom Netherlands is the 13th most free market capitalist
economy out of 157 surveyed countries.
SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
The Netherlands has an estimated population of 16,491,852 (as of 8
March 2009). It is the 11th most populous country in Europe and the 61st
most populous country in the world. Between 1900 and 1950, the country's
population almost doubled from 5.1 to 10.0 million people. From 1950 to 2000,
the population further increased from 10.0 to 15.9 million people, but the
population growth decreased compared to the previous fifty years. The
estimated growth rate is currently 0.436% (as of 2008).
The fertility rate in the Netherlands is 1.66 children per woman (as of
2008),
[64]
which is high compared to many other European countries, butbelow the 2.1-rate required for natural population replacement. Life
expectancy is high in the Netherlands: 79 years for newborn girls and 78 for
boys (2007). The country has a migration rate of 2.55 migrants per 1,000
inhabitants.
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The majority of the population of the Netherlands are ethnically Dutch.
A 2005 estimate counted: 80.9% Dutch, 2.4% Indonesian, 2.4% German,
2.2% Turkish, 2.0% Surinamese, 2.0% Moroccan, 0.8% Antillean and Aruban,
and 6.0% others.
The Dutch are the tallest people in the world, with an average height of
1.81 metres (5 ft 11 in) for adult males and 1.67 metres (5 ft 6 in) for adult
females. People in the south are on average about 2 cm shorter than those in
the north.
Technology
December's deadly tsunami in the Indian Ocean drove home how
vulnerable low coastal areas are to the forces of nature. In the Netherlands,
which carved itself out of the ocean centuries agoand a quarter of whose
land mass is below sea level, while two-thirds is vulnerable to floodingthe
mastery of coastal waters remains the object of much technological
innovation.
The Dutch acquired their hydraulic expertise partly in response to disaster.
In 1953, a number of sea dikes in the southwestern part of the country gave
way under a tidal surge. The disaster, which killed about 1,800 people,
spurred one of the largest hydraulic projects in the country's history: the Delta
Works. Almost all of the inlets and estuaries in the southwestern part of the
country were closed off by a system of dams and storm surge barriers. One ofthe two main arteries remaining openthe estuary near Rotterdamwas
fitted with the most massive movable storm surge barrier ever built. Known as
the Maeslant Barrier, it has an automated control system that closes its giant
doors based on real-time weather information, which can indicate the -
approach of a spring tide. The system's software borrows from a branch of -
mathematics called formal methods; its performance is continually monitored,
and improvements are made as knowledge of weather behavior progresses.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.wikipedia.com
www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/netherlands.htm
www.government.nl/
www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/netherlands.htm
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