BYT. BHAVANI

11121A02A3

Department of EEE

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CONTENTS

IntroductionWhat is Net metering?Why Net metering is required?Structure of Net metering systemNet meter- Bi directional meterBenefits of Net meteringLimitationsNet metering in India-APFuture scopeConclusion

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Demand for electricity is growing day by dayPower generation is not up to the markDeficit about 6-8% in IndiaNeed for developing alternatives to reduce power

deficitPower generation through rooftop solar is

considered as the best alternativeSolar has some drawbacksNet metering is the solution for those drawbacks

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Why net metering is required?

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Fig.1

Solar power is not continuousExpensive batteries are neededBackup generators are requiredCannot be transported to long distances

What is Net metering? Net metering is a billing mechanism that credits

solar energy system owners for the electricity they add to the grid.

5fig.2

6Fig.3

Block diagram of net metering system

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Fig.4

Parts/ Equipment of Roof top solar systems

Solar PV Panels, Inverter Isolators/ Disconnecting switches Protective Devices Cables and hardware Changeover Switches Energy meters Panels, Junction box and distribution

boxes Earthing & Lightening protections IR/ UV protected PVC pipes and

accessories Mounting Structures & civil works 8

Solar panels

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inverter

Converts generated DC Power into AC Power

Shall be equipped with a synchronization device

Shall not inject Harmonic Currents & DC Currents, introduce flicker greater than the values specified in IEEE-519 Standard

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Fig.5

Isolators/ Disconnecting switchesProtective Devices

Protective Devices with Isolation switch required between Solar Panels & Junction Box

Automatic relay with disconnection device after Grid meter towards Load

Manual Operating Switch between inverter and Solar energy meter

Bird spike shall be provided

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Fig.6

Net meter- a bidirectional meter

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Fig.7

Allows two way transfer of powerRotates in both directionsRecords net power consumed

Technical characteristics of the meter

1. Enclosure: engineering plastic2. Display: backlit LED display large digit size

10mm by 5mm3. Protection index: IP514. System: ac 3ph 4 wire5. Inputs: starting currents:0.2%of Ib

rated voltage: 3×240 voltscurrent rating:10-60 amperesfrequency 50hz±5hz

6. power factor: zero lag-unity-zero lead

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Benefits of net metering

Financial Credit for Extra Solar Power Produced No Battery Storage System Needed No Backup Generator for when Solar Power is Not

AvailableReduces electricity lost over wiresPressure on the grid is reducedEnvironment pollution can be reducedAwareness on power consumption will be increased

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limitations It has very less drawbacks Requires installation of additional equipment Additional precautions to be taken in operation and

maintenance of system Cost of net metering equipment is to be bared by the

consumers themselves

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Net metering in India

Started in 2009 MNRE is undertaking this. Govt. is facilitating 30% of the

total money as subsidy needed for equipping net metering system

For generating 1MW of electricity through net metering it costs about 7-8 crores in India. After installation plant gains about 1.6 crores per annum for 25 years

Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra are also well implementing this

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Net metering in Andhra Pradesh

Started net metering in 2013 APCPDCL started net metering in September 2013. it

permits consumers with 3 ph supply to equip net metering

Under APCPDCL Satyasai deemed university has been implementing the net metering successfully in Ananthapur dist.

APEPDCL and APSPDCL have also started net metering in November 2013

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Future scope

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Indian govt. has decided to equip all the govt. offices, hospitals, institutions, jails with rooftop PV systems and to involve them in net metering.

As the power produced by solar energy using PVsystems is difficult and costly to store, this net meteringprovides opportunity to supply the excess powerproduced to grid and when solar power is not sufficientor unavailable, power can be drawn from grid, thuscreating an opportunity of two way supply and makingsolar energy more reliable.

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References http://www. indianenvironmental.com/net_metering.pdf http://www.howtousesolar.com/uses_netmetering/ http://www.efficientenergy.com Net metering is a boon to utilities and local consumers

http://www.efficientcarbon.com/rooftop_solar_and_netmetering/

www.sunlightelectric.com Rooftop Solar Systems Basic Installations and Role &

Responsibility of Field Staff –a report by ch.chakrapani

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