Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the...
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Transcript of Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the...
![Page 1: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Nervous Tissue
![Page 2: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
【 Objectives】
1. To identify and describe:
A. The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites
B. Differentiate a myelinated nerve fibers from an unmyelinated nerve fibers
2. To understand and describe
A. The structure of a synapse
B. The structure of sensory nerve termination (free nerve termination, tactile corpuscle, lamellar corpuscle and muscle spindle) or motor nerve termination (neuromusclar junction).
C. General histological features of central nervous system, i.e. spinal cord, cerebellum, and cerebrum.
![Page 3: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is the principal elements of the NS?
nervous tissue (NT)
What does the nervous tissue consist of ?
nerve cells (neurons)
neuroglial cells (glial cell)
What is feature of the nerve cells ?
(soma, perikaryon) cell body
processes dendrites
axon
plasma membrane
cytoplasm:
nucleus:
Nissl body neurofibrilsand neurofibrils
??
large, spherical, pale-staining;a prominent nucleolus
distinguish?
Axon hillock
![Page 4: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Where do cell bodies of the neurons distribute?
Where do processes of the neurons
distribute?
gray matter, cortex, nuclei
white matterand the whole body
Gray matterWhite matter
![Page 5: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Observation: No1
central canal white matter white matter
Gray matter
butterfly-like shape or H-like shape
neuronal cell bodies,dendrites and the initial unmyelinated portions of axons and glial cells
anterior horn
posterior horn
intermediate zone
myelinated axons, oligodendrocytes
Focus on neuron
Neuron
Glial cells
![Page 6: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
How many types of the nerve fibers?
What are nerve fibers?
Nerve fibers formed by the axon which be wraped by Schwann cellsor oligodendrocytes
CNS PNS
myelinated NF
unmyelinated NF
![Page 7: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
axon
myelin sheath
node of Ranvier
What is the myelin sheath? How does the myelin sheath be formed?
How does the impulse be propagated in the myelinated and unmyelinated fibers?
How to distinguish the myelinated and unmyelinated fibers in the slides
What is the function of the myelin sheath?
internode
![Page 8: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Observation: No31
sciatic nerve transverse section longitudinal section
perineurium epineurium
nerve nerve fibers are grouped in bundle
Relationship between the nerve fibers and nerve
![Page 9: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
endoneurium
axon
myelin sheath
node of Ranvier
transverse section longitudinal section
neurilemma
![Page 10: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Unmyelinated nerve H & EObservation: No.41
transverse section of the nerve
![Page 11: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Demonstration slide
neurons( Nissl staining )
![Page 12: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Neurofibril ( silver staining )
![Page 13: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Myelinated fibers( osmic acid staining )
![Page 14: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
sensory nerve ending
A. free never ending
B. encapsulated nerve ending
a. tactile corpuscle; b. lamellar corpuscle c. muscle spindle
![Page 15: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Meissner’s corpuscle
(tactile corpuscles) Be involved the reception of light touch)
![Page 16: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Pacinian corpuscles
(lamellated corpuscles)Be involved the reception of coarse touch,deep or heavy pressure,vibration and tension
![Page 17: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
muscle spindle
Detect changes in the length (distension) of extrafusal muscle fibers and relay this information to the spinal cord
![Page 18: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Motor nerve terminations
somatic motor nerve terminations
visceral motor nerve terminations
![Page 19: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Synapse ( silver staining) in the LM
Definition of the synapse; the structure of the synapse
![Page 20: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Cerebrum
A: molecular layerB: external granular layerC: external pyramidal layerD: internal granular layerE: internal pyramidal layerF: multiform layer
Cerebral cortex (gray matter)
White matter
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Cerebellum
A: molecular layer, B: Purkinje cell layer
C: granular layer
gray matter
White matter
![Page 22: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Myenteric nerve plexus
![Page 24: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Oligodendrocytes
![Page 25: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
NT
nerve cells
(neurons)
neuroglial cells (glial cell)
(Supporting cells)
•Soma
cell body
dendrites:
axon:
processes
plasma membrane:
cytoplasm
nucleus:
excitable
Nissl body
neurofibrils
LM: basophilic granular
EM: rER, ribsom
LM: brownish black filamentsEM: neuofilaments and microtubule
large, spherical, pale-staining; a prominent nucleolus.
one or more /neuron; usually short and thick, and branched; dentritic spines on surfaces;
one axon each neuron; long and thin, does not branch profusely; derived from axon hillock; devoid of Nissl bodies;axon terminals (buttons) contain
vesicles with neurotransmitters in them
CNS:
PNS:
astrocytes, oligodendrocytes,
microglia, ependymal cells
Schwann cells, capsular cells (satellite cells)
![Page 26: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
NT
nerve cells
(neurons)
neuroglial cells (glial cell)
(Supporting cells)
•Soma
cell body
dendrites:
axons:
processes
plasma membrane:
cytoplasm
nucleus:
excitable
Nissl body
neurofibrils
LM: basophilic granular
EM: rER, ribsom
LM: brownish black filamentsEM: Neuofilaments and microtubule
large, spherical, pale-staining; a prominent nucleolus.
One or more /neuron; Usually short and thick, and branched; Dentritic spines on surfaces;
CNS:
PNS:
astrocytes, oligodendrocytes,
microglia, ependymal cells
Schwann cells, capsular cells (satellite cells)
oligodendrocytes,
Schwann cells
surrounding nerve fibermyelinated NF
unmyelinated NF
nerve endings
sensory (receptors)
motor (effectors)
free nerve endingstactile corpuscles Lamellated corpuscles muscular spindles
somatic (motor end plate)visceral
![Page 27: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Homework
Draw the picture of the neuron.
![Page 28: Nervous Tissue. 【 Objectives 】 1. To identify and describe: A.The microscopic structure of the neuron— including cell body, axon and dendrites B. Differentiate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/5697bfe91a28abf838cb689e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
THANK YOU