Nervous System Quiz
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Transcript of Nervous System Quiz
Nervous System Quiz
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1. Identify this structure (region indicated, black).
Dorsal fu
nicul...
Dorsal h
orn
Ependymal ca
na...
Ventral fu
nicu...
Ventral h
orn
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. Dorsal funiculisB. Dorsal hornC. Ependymal
canalD. Ventral
funiculusE. Ventral horn
:30
2. Identify this structure (arrow, black).
Dorsal fu
nicul...
Dorsal h
orn
Ependymal ca
na...
Ventral fu
nicu...
Ventral h
orn
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. Dorsal funiculisB. Dorsal hornC. Ependymal
canalD. Ventral
funiculusE. Ventral horn
:30
3. Classify these 3 neuron types from left to right.
Bipolar, multi...
Bipolar, pseud...
Larry
, Curly
, ...
Multipolar, b
i...
Pseudounipolar
...
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. Bipolar, multipolar, pseudounipolar
B. Bipolar, pseudounipolar, multipolar
C. Larry, Curly, MoeD. Multipolar, bipolar,
pseudounipolarE. Pseudounipolar,
multipolar, bipolar
:30
4. What protein is primarily responsible for axonal retrograde flow?
Dynein
Kinesin
Lipofusci
n
Nissl su
bstanc..
.
Perikary
on
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. DyneinB. KinesinC. LipofuscinD. Nissl substanceE. Perikaryon
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5. You’ve just baked a beautiful apple pie. The smell and taste of it are examples of peripheral nervous system
inputs sent to the CNS by …
Afferent neuro
...
Autonomic ga
ng...
Efferent n
euro...
Glial ce
lls
Motor n
eurons
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. Afferent neuronsB. Autonomic gangliaC. Efferent neuronsD. Glial cellsE. Motor neurons
:30
6. The apple pie from the previous question was too hot and burned your finger when you touched it. A response by the CNS
is sent to skeletal muscle to retract your finger using …
Afferent neuro
...
Autonomic ga
ng...
Glial ce
lls
Motor n
eurons
Pyramidal neur..
.
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. Afferent neuronsB. Autonomic gangliaC. Glial cellsD. Motor neuronsE. Pyramidal neurons
:30
7. Multiple sclerosis is an auto-immune disorder which leads to demyleination of axons and disruption of signal transduction. The Schwann cell myelinates axons in the peripheral nervous
system. What cell performs the same function in the CNS?
Astrocyte
Ependymal ce
ll
Fibro
us astr
oc...
Micr
ogliocyte
Oligodendro
cyt...
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. AstrocyteB. Ependymal cellC. Fibrous astrocyteD. MicrogliocyteE. Oligodendrocyte
:30
8. The glia limitans is the outermost layer of proper nervous tissue of the brain and spinal cord, underneath
the pia mater. Which neuroglial cell type primarily forms this structure?
Ependymal ce
ll
Fibro
us astr
oc...
Micr
oglial ce
l...
Oligodendro
cyt...
Protoplasm
ic a...
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. Ependymal cellB. Fibrous astrocyteC. Microglial cellD. OligodendrocyteE. Protoplasmic
astrocyte
:30
9. Identify this structure (arrow, white).
Axon
Dendrite
Erythrocyt
e
Nissl b
ody
Nucleolus
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. AxonB. DendriteC. ErythrocyteD. Nissl bodyE. Nucleolus
:30
10. Identify this synapse type (circled, red).
Axoaxonic
Axodendritic
Axosomatic
Postsynaptic
Presynaptic
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. AxoaxonicB. AxodendriticC. AxosomaticD. PostsynapticE. Presynaptic
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11. In this schematic diagram the presynaptic terminal is shown releasing a neurotransmitter (yellow and orange spheres
indicated with white arrows) into a space termed the _____.
Action potenti...
Mid-sy
napse
Postsynaptic t
...
Synaptic c
left
Synaptic v
esic...
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. Action potential space
B. Mid-synapseC. Postsynaptic
terminalD. Synaptic cleftE. Synaptic vesicle
:30
12. Glial fibrillary acidic protein, an intermediate filament protein, is now known to be expressed in several cell types,
however, it is still identified as key marker for this CNS cell type.
Astrocyte
Ependymal ce
ll
Micr
ogliocyte
Oligodendro
cyt...
Schwann ce
ll
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. AstrocyteB. Ependymal cellC. MicrogliocyteD. OligodendrocyteE. Schwann cell
:30
13. Identify these cells (arrows, black).
Astrocytes
Fibro
us astr
oc...
Micr
ogliocytes
Oligodendro
cyt...
Purkinje neuro...
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. AstrocytesB. Fibrous astrocytesC. MicrogliocytesD. OligodendrocytesE. Purkinje neurons
:30
14. The choroid plexuses, which produce CSF, are essentially specialized structures involving
which two epithelial cell types?
Endothelia
l ce...
Ependymal ce
ll...
Goblet cell +
...
Keratinocyte +...
Sero
us cell +
...
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. Endothelial cell + FibroblastB. Ependymal cell + endothelial
cellC. Goblet cell + ependymal cellD. Keratinocyte + endothelial
cellE. Serous cell + Endocardium
:30
15. The neuroglial microgliocyte derives from which blood-borne precursor?
Macro
phage
Monocy
te
Plasma ce
ll
Purkinje cell
Pyramidal neur..
.
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. MacrophageB. MonocyteC. Plasma cellD. Purkinje cellE. Pyramidal
neuron
:30
16. Which cellular junction is primarily responsible for the formation of the blood-CSF
barrier within the choroid plexuses?
Astrocyte
Desmoso
me
Fasci
a adheren...
Gap juncti
on
Zonula occl
ude...
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. AstrocyteB. DesmosomeC. Fascia adherensD. Gap junctionE. Zonula occludens
:30
Central Canal of spinal cord
17. Which cell type lines this space (arrow, black)?
Astrocyte
Ependymal ce
ll
Fibro
blast
Purkinje neuro...
Pyramidal cell
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. AstrocyteB. Ependymal cellC. FibroblastD. Purkinje neuronE. Pyramidal cell
:30
Endoca
rdium
Endoneuriu
m
Endotheliu
m
Perineuriu
m
Percicardium
0% 0% 0%0%0%
18. Classify this connective tissue (arrows, black).A. EndocardiumB. EndoneuriumC. EndotheliumD. PerineuriumE. Percicardium
:30
A. AstrocyteB. MacrophageC. Motor neuronD. Purkinje cellE. Pyramidal neuron
20. Identify this cell of the spinal cord (arrow, black).
Astrocyte
Macro
phage
Motor n
euron
Purkinje cell
Pyramidal neur..
.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
21. Identify this cell (arrow, black).
Astrocyte
Dorsal ro
ot ga..
.
Oligodendro
cyt...
Primord
ial fo
l...
Schwann ce
ll
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. AstrocyteB. Dorsal root ganglion neuronC. OligodendrocyteD. Primordial follicleE. Schwann cell
:30
22. The autonomic nervous system has 3 target effectors – glands, cardiac muscle and ….
Astrocytes
Ependymal ce
lls
Fibro
blasts
Smooth
muscl
e
Stria
ted muscl
e
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. AstrocytesB. Ependymal cellsC. FibroblastsD. Smooth muscleE. Striated muscle
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23. Identify this layer (arrow, black).
Granular la
yer
Grey matter
Molecu
lar laye...
Purkinje layer
White
matter
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. Granular layerB. Grey matterC. Molecular layerD. Purkinje layerE. White matter
200x:30
24. What is true of an efferent sympathetic impulse from the ANS?
An axon is
not...
First
neuron i..
.
Nissl su
bstanc..
.
Purkinje cells.
..
Retrogra
de axo...
0% 0% 0%0%0%
A. An axon is not neededB. First neuron is always in
the CNSC. Nissl substance is
destroyedD. Purkinje cells are always
involvedE. Retrograde axonal flow
stops
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25. Your patient received blunt head trauma that resulted in memory loss and intracranial swelling. You suspect that cells of the brain were excessively
damaged. Which of the following cells phagocytize the cellular debris created by neural damage?
Ependymal ce
ll...
Fibro
us astr
oc...
Micr
oglial ce
l...
Oligodendro
cyt...
Protoplasm
ic a...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
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A. Ependymal cellsB. Fibrous astrocytesC. Microglial cellsD. OligodendrocytesE. Protoplasmic astrocytes
26. Which of the following form the choroid plexus?
Arachnoid barr.
..
Ependymal ce
ll...
Meninge
al dura
Pia mate
r and ...
Pia mate
r and ...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
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A. Arachnoid barrier cellsB. Ependymal cells and
endotheliumC. Meningeal duraD. Pia mater and
arachnoidE. Pia mater and the
overlying epithelium
27. Which of the following serve to allow CSF to exit the subarachnoid space?
Arachnoid barr.
..
Arachnoid vill.
..
Choroid plexus
Fenestr
ated ca...
Vessels w
ithin...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. Arachnoid barrier cellsB. Arachnoid villiC. Choroid plexusD. Fenestrated capillariesE. Vessels within the
subarachnoid space
28. A pathologist is examining a stained section of an unknown tissue. He notices cells with an extremely large, flask-shaped body and multiple
dendrites lying in parallel. Which of the following tissues is the pathologist examining?
Cerebellar c
or...
Cerebral corte
...
Gray m
atter o
f...
White
matter o
...
White
matter o
...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. Cerebellar cortexB. Cerebral cortexC. Gray matter of the
spinal cordD. White matter of
cerebrumE. White matter of the
spinal cord
29. During early brain development, myelination of axons is a critical event. Which of the following cells is responsible for this
important function?
Fibro
us astr
oc...
Micr
oglial ce
l...
Oligodendro
cyt...
Protoplasm
ic a...
Schwann ce
lls
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. Fibrous astrocytesB. Microglial cellsC. OligodendrocytesD. Protoplasmic astrocytesE. Schwann cells
32. Which of the following events occurs immediately after an action potential reaches an axon terminal at its synapse?
Binding of the neurotra
...
Calcium io
n influx a
t the...
Neurotransm
itter b
indin...
Neurotransm
itter r
elease...
Vesicle fu
sion w
ith th
e p...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. Binding of the neurotransmitter to the presynaptic terminal
B. Calcium ion influx at the presynaptic terminal
C. Neurotransmitter binding to the receptor on the postsynaptic terminal
D. Neurotransmitter release into the synaptic cleft
E. Vesicle fusion with the presynaptic terminal membrane
33. A 60-year old woman has suffered from a neurologic disorder for several years. Analysis of the CSF revealed the presence of antibodies to myelin
proteins. From which of the following disorders does she suffer?
Amyotrophic l
a...
Guillain-Barre
...
Multiple sc
ler...
Oligodendro
gli...
Parkinso
n’s di...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
B. Guillain-Barre syndromeC. Multiple sclerosisD. OligodendrogliomaE. Parkinson’s disease
34. A brain tumor is removed and analyzed by immunocytochemistry. It was shown that the tumor expressed high levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein
(GFAP). Which of the following tumors was being analyzed?
Astrocytoma
Ependymoma
Meningio
ma
Neuroblastoma
Oligodendro
gli...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. AstrocytomaB. EpendymomaC. MeningiomaD. NeuroblastomaE. Oligodendroglioma
35. Tissue from the CNS of an 80-year old man is examined by electron microscopy. Cells in this tissue sample have several residual bodies and lipofuscin within their cytoplasm. Which of the following cells are being
described?
Astrocytes
Endothelia
l ce...
Fibro
blasts of...
Neurons
Oilgodendro
cyt...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. AstrocytesB. Endothelial cells of
capillariesC. Fibroblasts of dura
materD. NeuronsE. Oilgodendrocytes
36. Which of the following cellular structures is found within the cytoplasm of perikarya but is not within axoplasm?
Membrane-bound...
Micr
otubules
Mito
chondria
Neurofilaments
Rough endoplas..
.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. Membrane-bound vesicles
B. MicrotubulesC. MitochondriaD. NeurofilamentsE. Rough endoplasmic
reticulum
37. Which of the following structures prevent toxic materials from attacking an axon of a peripheral nerve?
Clefts of S
chw...
Endoneuriu
m
Epineuriu
m
Neurolemma
Perineuriu
m
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. Clefts of Schwann cellsB. EndoneuriumC. EpineuriumD. NeurolemmaE. Perineurium
39. Which of the following is a primary component or characteristic of a sensory ganglion?
Multipolar n
eu...
Neurons with
e...
Pseudounipolar
...
Scattered neur...
Synaptic c
onta...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. Multipolar neuronsB. Neurons with eccentric
nucleiC. Pseudounipolar
neuronsD. Scattered neuron cell
bodiesE. Synaptic contacts
41. Which of the following is the most critical event in regeneration of a peripheral nerve?
Chromatolysis ...
Distal
axon de...
Hypertr
ophy of...
Phagocytic a
ct...
Proliferation ...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. Chromatolysis of the damaged perikaryon
B. Distal axon degenerationC. Hypertrophy of Schwann
cellsD. Phagocytic activity of
macrophagesE. Proliferation of Schwann
cells
43. Which of the following components of the meninges are most similar to the endoneurium that covers a peripheral nerve?
Arachnoid bord...
Dural border c
...
Meninge
al dura
Pia mate
r
Subarach
noid s...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. Arachnoid border cellsB. Dural border cellsC. Meningeal duraD. Pia materE. Subarachnoid space
44. Which of the following best characterizes the difference in myelinated axons of the PNS compared with the CNS?
All axo
ns have
nodes of...
All axo
ns surro
unded b...
No intra
period lin
e
No myelin
basic protein
Schwann ce
lls mye
linate ..
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. All axons have nodes of Ranvier
B. All axons surrounded by Schwann cells
C. No intraperiod lineD. No myelin basic proteinE. Schwann cells
myelinate at multiple axonal cites
45. Which of the following structures primarily functions to monitor the degree of stretch of muscles?
Golgi tendon o...
Merkel’s
disk
Myo
neural junc..
.
Neuromuscular ..
.
Pacinian co
rpu...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. Golgi tendon organB. Merkel’s diskC. Myoneural junctionD. Neuromuscular spindleE. Pacinian corpuscle
46. Which of the following cells of the PNS functions equivalent to the oligodendrocyte within the CNS?
Endothelia
l ce...
Fibro
blasts
Macro
phages
Satellit
e cell..
.
Schwann ce
lls
20% 20% 20%20%20%
:30
A. Endothelial cellsB. FibroblastsC. MacrophagesD. Satellite cellsE. Schwann cells