Needs of research

ethics in scientific

community of Pakistan

FROM: SAIMA ALEEM.

MPHIL.

COURSE SUPERVISOR: Dr Nasir Uddin Khan.

Research and development is a most important part of scientific community. Every developing country

knows that their progress is depending upon research and development and research and development

is based on sharing of advanced knowledge to the new researchers or investigators. The first task of

new researchers is, preview the scientific articles, getting advanced knowledge of relevant field and

after the review of previous literature, makes a plan ethically but few researchers do not make a plan

honestly and create a lot of problems in a scientific community. They read previous scientific literature

through computer; copy the figure, table, data, and sometime whole part of previous research articles

without taking permission to the real person. Some researchers do not give whole information to the

participants, change the research questions and also change some important part of their research work

and published it. Due to this misconducting, new researchers face difficulty during their research work

and they do not take participation in the research. Research ethics play a very important rule for

resolving this above problems in a scientific community.

Aim and objective of of research ethics

The first aim and objective of research ethics is, researchers make a research plans ethically. Secondly

researchers avoiding plagiarism, falsification, and fabrication during completion of research work and

the third and most important objective is that ethics in reporting of research.

Need of research ethics in scientific community

There is a need of research ethics for avoiding misconducting of research, protection of human subject

or research subject in the scientific community etc. The following reasons are indicated that research

ethics is important in scientific community.

1. PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECT

The major problem of the scientific community is the protection of human subject. Research

ethics can resolved this problem by protecting human subject. The principle of research ethics

for the protection of human subject is

“Each participant must have ability to take decisions during research studies”.

Another principle of research ethics for the safe of human subject is

“The investigators must try to attempt maximum benefit for the participants and

investigators must not use those procedures, which may be harm for the group

members, either physically or psychologically.”

2. HELPFUL TO THE RESEARCHERS FOR MAKING A RESEARCH PLAN

The new researchers do not know, how to make a research plain and also do not sure that

either their plan is workable or not. Resultant, new researchers face difficulty during their

research work and the participants can’t complete their research work within a given period of

time and want to complete their work by fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism. This is the big

problem in the scientific community. For this purpose, research ethics play a very important

role. It gives broad detailed to the new researchers about, how to make a workable research

plan and also finish this plagiarism, fabrication and falsification in the scientific community.

3. CONDUCTING OF RESEARCH

Scientific community is based on conducting of research. A big problem in the scientific

community is scientists do not share their advance knowledge to the new researchers.

Resultant, new researchers face difficulty during their conducting of research because they do

not know how to conduct their research. Research ethics solved this problem in the scientific

community by providing a broad detailed to the researchers, about, how to conduct research.

.

4. PROTECT SENSITIVE DATA

The another problem of scientific community is, safe of sensitive data because new researchers

do not know, which parts of the research work are share with the others. Research ethics

provide more detailed to such investigators about sensitive data and nonsensitve data and also

gives more information about, which part of their research work is shared with the others.

research ethic community protect a sensitive data of the researchers and after the follow this

rule. This problem can be solved in the scientific community. 5. DATA MANAGEMENT

There are two issue of data management in the scientific community.The first issue is the data

are collected ethically. Secondly, data are share with the group members or participants of the

research. Both issue required integrity. The guideline of research ethics help to solved this

problem in the scientific community.

According to the guideline

“The researchers must be addressed these issues in the begging of their research work, must

find the solution of these two issues and must share it, with the participants”.

6. INFORMED CONSENT

Before researchers focus the research ethic, researchers do not give enough information to their

group members. Resultant, participants do not know all the effect feature of the research. This

is the measure problem in the scientific community. Research ethic plays a very important role

for solving these problems in the scientific community.

Research ethics provide a guideline to the researchers or investigators. According to the guideline The investigators must inform all the harmful effect and benefits effects of the research to the participants, the investigators must do effort for explaining the research procedure and discussed it , with the supervisor. Investigators must give answer to the participants in term of comprehension. Participants have right to take decisions, about participate in the research or not. Conclusion

After the following this guideline, individuals person are voluntarily participating and getting any harmful and benefit effect of research.

7. FOR AVOIDING SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT In the scientific community, it is common that researchers or investigators are want to complete their research work by fabrication, falsification and plagiarism. These researchers made problems in the scientific community because scientific community required integrity. Research ethics give more detail for avoiding misconducting of research. According to the rule of research ethics.

“ The investigators must maintain integrity throughout the research work and must finalize your report data, analysis, method, procedure honestly. If researchers want to complete their task by

fabrication, falsification and plagiarism, the government council have right to punish these researchers.”

Conclusion After the follow this principle, the scientific community does not face this problem again. Because after follow this rules, every researcher completes their goal without fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism.

8. INFORMATION ABOUT HOW TO DATA MANAGEMENT DURING COMPLETION OF RESEARCH There is two issue of data management in the scientific community. One is, researchers collect their data ethically and second researchers share data with the group members or participants of the research. These two issues required honesty of researcher during completion of his research work. The guideline of research ethics help to solve these issues in the scientific community. According to this guideline

“The researchers must address these two issues before establishing of their research work and investigators have ability to find out, the solution of these two issues and must share it, with the

participants.”

9. Deception

Majority researchers are selfish because they obtained all the information after preview of previous

scientific literature but they do not share whole information to the participants and have the ability to

convince the participants that his judgments is correct and also convince them, he or she share all the

information with you (participant). Due to this, they misguide to the participants and create a troubling

in the scientific community. The research ethics provides guideline for avoiding deception and this

guideline also aware of participants for such misguides.

According to this guideline

“The investigators or researchers must provide all the information to the research ethics committees.” After the researchers follow this above rules, the investigators give all the information to the participants and finish deception in the scientific community. CONCLUSION

Research ethics play a very important role for removing deception in the scientific community because

after the follow, principles of research ethics researchers do not hide all the information with the

participants.

10. MAINTAIN INTEGRITY

Every researcher knows that their research must be completed within a given period of time. some

researchers think that no one take action, if they complete their research report data, methods, results

by fabrication, falsification. This thinking create disturbance in the scientific community because

scientific community requires integrity throughout the research work. The research ethics provides

principle for maintaining integrity.

According to this principle

“All the researchers must maintain integrity in, information, procedures, results and final report. After

the completion of final reports, the research ethics committee checks the final report of your research

work (final report provides by researchers to the research ethics committees).

Conclusion

The best way of maintaining integrity in the scientific community is, follow the rule of research ethics

because researchers, after focus this rule, they complete their research report data, methods, and

results honestly.

11. Responsibility of authors

In the scientific community, this problem is common from many years that authors reuse result and

some time they reuse whole part from the previous research work without acknowledging original

author. Resultant, authors do not share or publish their original research work with the others and some

authors publish their scientific article dishonestly. Research ethics provide guideline for such authors

and also research ethics committee observed that either author prepared his report by ownself or not.

According to this guideline

The author must be published his original manuscript and the manuscript does not compose of

plagiarized material and supervisor must discuss publication credit with the new researchers during the

completion of research work.

Conclusion

In the scientific community, this problem is resolved only by the rule of research ethics. Because

research ethics give information to the authors, about the publication and after follow the rule of

research ethics, every author easily share his research work honestly.