NEDA Region IV-A...Republic of the Philippines Regional Development Council Region IV-A (Calabarzon)...
Transcript of NEDA Region IV-A...Republic of the Philippines Regional Development Council Region IV-A (Calabarzon)...
Republic of the Philippines
Regional Development Council Region IV-A (Calabarzon)
4/F 2560 Marcelita Building, National Highway, Barangay Real, Calamba City, Laguna 4027
Telefax. 049 545-7756 | 049 545-0091 ● E-mail. [email protected]
http://calabarzon.neda.gov.ph/
RDC RESOLUTION NO. IV-A-112-2016
“APPROVING THE 2015 CALABARZON REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT”
WHEREAS, the 2015 Regional Development Report (RDR) is an annual assessment of the
implementation of the objectives and targets of the Calabarzon Regional Development Plan (RDP) 2010-2016;
WHEREAS, the 2015 RDR highlights the performance of key sectors namely
macroeconomy, agriculture and fisheries, industry and services, infrastructure, financial, social, environment and governance;
WHEREAS, consultation workshops were conducted with the regional line agencies to
validate the sectoral assessment and the draft RDR was presented to the RDC Sectoral Committees for their comments;
WHEREAS, the chapters of the 2015 RDR were reviewed and endorsed by the Sectoral
Committees during their meetings on 9 August to 12 August; WHEREAS, the comments and recommendations of the Sectoral Committees were
incorporated in the RDR; WHEREAS, the 2015 RDR will serve as basis for the preparation of the RDP 2017-2022; NOW THEREFORE, on motion duly seconded, BE IT RESOLVED, AS IT IS HEREBY
RESOLVED, to approve the 2015 Regional Development Report; RESOLVED FURTHER, to provide all RDC members, research institutions and development
partners with copies of the 2015 RDR. SIGNED, this 1st day of September 2016 at Tandang Sora Hall, TESDA Women’s Center,
Taguig City.
Certified Correct:
GINA T. GACUSAN
RDC Secretary Attested by:
LUIS G. BANUA RDC Vice-Chairperson
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The Calabarzon Regional Development Report (RDR) is
an annual assessment of the socio-economic
performance of the region based on targets of the
Regional Development Plan (RDP). While the report
starts with macroeconomy, it focuses on agriculture and
fisheries, industry and services, infrastructure, finance,
social development, environment and good governance.
The RDR highlights the outcomes of the key sectors and explains how these results
were attained with the implementation of strategic programs and projects in the region.
Each chapter ends with the challenges and prospects of the sector.
The NEDA Region IV-A, as the Regional Development Council (RDC) Secretariat,
spearheaded the preparation of the RDR. Each chapter was validated and enhanced
through various consultation workshops and sectoral review by the RDC members.
The RDR steers Calabarzon towards the achievement of the goals set in the RDP,
outlines Calabarzon development prospects and guides the region on how to improve
its performance in the coming years. With a proactive RDC and its members, the region
shall continuously encourage boosting the gains made in 2015 and direct its efforts
towards inclusive growth and sustainable development.
LUIS G. BANUA
Vice-Chairperson
Calabarzon Regional Development Council
ii
Foreword i
Table of Contents ii
List of Tables and Figures iii
List of Acronyms vi
Executive Summary x
Chapter I: In Pursuit of Inclusive Growth 1
Chapter II: Macroeconomy 4
Chapter III: Competitive Industry and Services Sector 8
Chapter IV: Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Fisheries Sector 18
Chapter V: Accelerating Infrastructure Development 28
Chapter VI: Towards a Resilient and Inclusive and Financial System 41
Chapter VII: Good Governance and rule of Law 48
Chapter VIII: Social Development 53
Chapter IX: Peace and Security 62
Chapter X: Conservation, Protection and Rehabilitation of the
Environment and Natural Resources
66
Credits 74
iii
Table 2.1 Gross Regional Domestic Product (in P ‘000), Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015 4
Table 2.2 Gross Regional Domestic Product Growth Rate, 2013 to 2015, in percent 4
Table 2.3 Poverty Incidence Among Population, 2009 to 2015, in percent 6
Table 2.4 Poverty Incidence in the Provinces, 2009 to 2015, in percent 6
Table 2.5 Labor Force Participation, 2014 to 2015 6
Table 2.6 Employment, 2014 to 2015, in percent 7
Figure 3.1 2015 GRDP Composition 8
Table 3.1 Gross regional domestic product in the industry sector (at constant prices),
Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
9
Table 3.2 Gross regional domestic product in the services sector (at constant prices),
Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
9
Table 3.3 Employment generated in industry and services sectors, Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015 10
Figure 3.2 Employment generated and growth rate in economic zones, 2012 to 2015 11
Table 3.4 Employment generated from MSMEs assisted by DTI and DOST: 2013
to 2015
11
Table 3.5 Business Name Registration by Province, Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 12
Figure 3.3 Consumer Price Index, Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015 13
Table 3.6 Industry and services productivity in PEZA-managed economic zones: 2012
to 2015
13
Table 3.7 DTI and DOST assisted MSMEs, Calabarzon: 2013 to 2015 14
Figure 3.4 Value & growth rate of domestic sales of DTI-assisted MSMEs, 2013 to 2015 14
Table 3.8 Domestic sales of DTI assisted MSMEs, Calabarzon: 2013 to 2015 15
Table 3.9 Calabarzon Tourist Arrivals, 2014 and 2015 15
Table 3.10 Protection of Consumer Welfare, Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015 17
Table 4.1 Gross Regional Domestic Product in Agriculture, Hunting, Fishery and Forestry
Sector, Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
18
Table 4.2 Value of Production in Agriculture, Hunting, Fishery and Forestry Sector,
Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
19
Table 4.3 Calabarzon Rice Self-Sufficiency Ratio in percent, 2014 to 2015 19
Table 4.4 Average Inflation Rates among basic commodities (in Percent), Calabarzon 20
Table 4.5 Rice and Corn Volume of Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 20
Table 4.6 Rice and Corn Yield (in MT/Ha), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 21
Table 4.7 High Value Crops Volume of Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 22
Table 4.8 Yield of Selected High Value Crops (in MT/Ha), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 23
Table 4.9 Volume of Livestock Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 23
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Table 4.10 Volume of Poultry Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 24
Table 4.11 Volume of Fisheries Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 24
Table 4.12 Number of Employed in Agriculture (in thousand persons),Calabarzon 25
Figure 5.1 Paved National Roads, 2014 & 2015 28
Figure 5.2 Calabarzon National Road Condition, 2014 & 2015 28
Figure 5.3 Calabarzon National Bridges, 2014 & 2015 29
Table 5.1 Combined Throughput of Batangas and Lucena Ports, Calabarzon:
2014-2015
30
Table 5.2 Throughput Performance of Batangas Port 30
Table 5.3 Throughput Performance of Lucena Port 31
Table 5.4 Status of Household Electrification Regionwide, 2014 and 2015 32
Table 5.5 Status of Electrification by Province, 2014-2015 32
Table 5.6 Performance of New and Rehabilitated Irrigation Systems, 2014 and 2015 33
Table 5.7 New Irrigations Systems by Province, 2014 and 2015 33
Table 5.8 Rehabilitated and Improved Irrigation Systems by Province, 2014 and 2015 33
Table 5.9 Committed Power Projects in Calabarzon 34
Table 5.10 Service Connection and Production Performance of Water Districts by Province,
2014 and 2015
35
Table 5.11 School Infrastructure Performance (2014-2015), Calabarzon 37
Table 5.12 No. of Government and Private Hospitals, Authorized Bed Capacity, 2015 38
Table 5.13 HFEP Implementation, 2014-2015 39
Table 6.1 Number of Offices by Type of Bank, Calabarzon: 2012-2015 41
Table 6.2 Number of Banks in Calabarzon by Type, by Province, 2014-2015 42
Table 6.3 Bank Density Ratio in Calabarzon, 2014-2015 42
Table 6.4 Number of Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), 2012-2015 43
Table 6.5 Number of ATMs in Calabarzon by Type, by Province, 2014-2015 43
Table 6.6 Deposit Liabilities of Banks in Calabarzon by Province (in Million Pesos),
2014-2015
43
Table 6.7 Loan Portfolio of Banks in Calabarzon by Province (in Million Pesos),
2014-2015
44
Table 6.8 Loan to Deposit Ratio by Province, 2014-2015 44
Table 6.9 Number of Registered Cooperatives Per Year/Type: 2009-2015 45
Table 6.10 Number of Registered Cooperatives: 2012-2015 45
Table 6.11 Total Cooperative Assets Based on Encoded AFS (in billion pesos) 46
Table 6.12 Number of Microfinance-Oriented Offices by Province, 2014-2015 46
v
Table 6.13 Revenue Type, Actual Collections, Calabarzon 2013-2015 (in million pesos) 47
Table 6.14 Revenue Type, Targets, Accomplishments, Calabarzon 2013-2015
(in million pesos)
47
Table 7.1 Ranking of Calabarzon LGUs in the 2015 Cities and Municipalities
Competitiveness Index
48
Figure 8.1 Infant and under five mortality rate per 1,000 live births, 2012-2015 53
Figure 8.2 Net enrollment ratio in kindergarten, elementary and secondary, 2012-2014 55
Figure 8.3 Achievement rate in elementary and secondary, 2012-2014 56
Figure 8.4 Number of persons assessed and certified, 2012-2015 57
Figure 8.5 Hectares of land distributed under CARP, 2013-2015 60
Figure 9.1 Quezon Small Area Poverty Estimates, 2012 62
Figure 9.2 Comparative Crime Volume, Calabarzon 2014-2015 63
Figure 9.3 Distribution of Index Crimes from PNP Blotter, Calabarzon, 2015 64
Table 10.1 Management of forest resources and protected areas in Calabarzon, 2012 to 2015 66
Table 10.2 Secured land tenure in agricultural A&D and residential lands, 2012 to 2015 67
Table 10.3 Impacts of disasters and LGUs with approved DRRM Plans, 2012-2015 68
Table 10.4 Solid Waste Management in Calabarzon, 2012 to 2015 69
Table 10.5 Water Quality and Management of Laguna de Bay, 2012 to 2015 70
Table 10.6 Water Quality of Taal Lake, 2012 to 2014 70
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AHFF Agriculture, Hunting, Fisheries and Forestry
A&F Agriculture & Fisheries
AFP Armed Forces of the Philippines
ALS Alternative Learning System
ARTA-RCS Annual Anti-Red Tape Act Report Card Survey
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
ATM Automated Teller Machine
BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand
BPLS Business Permit Licensing System
BT Business Tax
BuB Bottom-up Budgeting
CACOPMAI Candelaria Coconut and other Products Manufacturers Association, Inc.
CARP Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
CCA Climate Change Adaptation
CDD Community Driven Development Program
CHR Cohort Survival Rate
CLIP Comprehensive Local Integration Program
CLUP Comprehensive Land Use Program
CMCI Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index
CMTS Cellular Mobile Telephone System
COE Center of Excellence
COD Center of Development
CPT Cleaner Production Technology
CR Completion Rate
CWWTL Cavite Waste Water Treatment Laboratory
CY Calendar Year
DATBED DOST-Academe-Technology-based Enterprise Development
DO Dissolved Oxygen
EBEIS Enhanced Basic Education Information System
EE Economic Enterprise
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ELA Executive and Legislative Agenda
ESGPPA Expanded Student Grant-in-Aid Program for Poverty Alleviation
FC Fees and Charges
GMP Good Manufacturing Practices
GOCCs Government-owned and controlled corporations
GRDP Gross Regional Domestic Product
HACCP Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point
HFEP Health Facility Enhancement Project
ICT Information, Communication and Technology
IDD Ideation, Design and Development
IHBSS HIV/AIDS Behavioral and Serological Survey
KALAHI-
CIDSS
Kapit-Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan - Comprehensive Integrated Delivery of Social
Services
KAMATA Kababaihang Mangingisda at Maghahalaman ng Talim
KP Katarungang Pambarangay
LAD Land Acquisition and Distribution
LEA Law Enforcement Agencies
LGUs Local Government Units
LRT Light Rail Transit
LTIA Lupon Tagapamayapa Incentives and Awards
MDG Millennium Development Goals
MPEX Manufacturing Productivity Extension Program
MRF Material Recovery Facilities
MSMED Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Development
MSMEs Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
NCC National Competitiveness Council
NEC National Epidemiology Center
NER Net Enrollment Rate
NGA National Government Agencies
NGP National Greening Program
NHTS-PR National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction
NICCEP National Industry Clustering Enhancement Program
OF Overseas Filipinos
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PAMANA Payapa at Masaganang Pamayanan
PCC Philippine Carabao Center
PCF Performance Challenge Fund
PDPFP Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan
PESFA Private Education Student Financial Assistance
PPAs Programs, Projects, and Activities
PRDC Packaging Research and Development Center
PSIP PPP School Infrastructure Projects
PTAs Parents and Teachers’ Associations
RA Republic Act
RCC Regional Competitive Committee
RDC Regional Development Council
RDP Regional Development Plan
RLAs Regional Line Agencies
RML Regional Metrology Laboratory
RPT Real Property Tax
RSTL Regional Standards and Testing Laboratory
RVCL Regional Volumetric and Calibration Laboratory
SETUP Small Enterprise Technology Program
SGH Seal of Good Housekeeping
SGLG Seal of Good Local Governance
SIPAG Sustaining Interventions for Poverty Alleviations and Governance
SLEX South Luzon Expressway
SLF Sanitary Landfill
SLP Sustainable Livelihood Program
SMERA Small and Medium Enterprises Roving Academy
SMEs Small and Medium Enterprises
SP Sanguniang Panlalawigan
SPMS Strategic Performance Management System
SSF Shared Service Facility
STAR Southern Tagalog Arterial Road
STEP Special Training for Employment Program
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STuFAP Student Financial Assistance Program
TACs Tourist Assistance Centers
TAPI Technology Application and Promotion Institute
TCV Total Crime Volume
TEU Twenty-foot Equivalent Units
TPSC Tanauan Packaging Service Center
TVET Technical Vocational Education and Training
TWSP Training for Work Scholarship Program
UCBs Universal and Commercial Banks
4Ps Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program
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The region’s economic growth of 5.9 percent in 2015 surpassed the 5.1 percent growth in
2014. However, the targeted growth of 6.2 percent was not met as the agriculture and
services sectors failed to meet their targets and while industry’s growth was within
target, it has slowed down from 6.5 to 5.5 percent.
The industry sector accounted for 61.8 percent of the Calabarzon’s GRDP while
manufacturing accounted for 86.86 percent of the industry’s performance. Hence, the
growth of manufacturing defines the growth of the industry sector and even the GRDP.
The slowdown in the growth rate of the manufacturing sector can be attributed to the
weak demand for electronic products in the international market. While the mining and
quarrying, and construction sub-sectors more than doubled their growth due to increase
in government spending in infrastructure projects and high demand of housing
construction, these were not enough to offset the slower growth of manufacturing.
The services sector which contributed 32.6 percent to the GRDP grew by 7.4 percent in
2015 because of improved productivity of MSMEs, increased tourism receipts, high
demand in real estate, rental and business activities, business process outsourcing,
expanding port operations of Batangas Port and financial services from banks
and cooperatives.
The agriculture and fisheries sector which represented 5.5 percent of the GRDP recovered
from the previous year’s decline and grew by 2.61 percent. Growth was mainly driven by
the livestock and poultry subsectors as demand from institutional buyers increased.
Employment rate slightly improved from 91.8 percent in 2014 to 92 percent in 2015 due
to the accelerated growth in the services sector and employment generation programs of
the government.
Poverty incidence declined from 14.3 percent in 2012 to 13.4 percent in 2015, making
Calabarzon the second region with the lowest poverty incidence.
In terms of health and nutrition, the region attained 7 out of 22 targets. The targets on
improving infant health were achieved due to implementation of new born screening, the
Breast Feeding Act and proper infant care.
In the area of education services, targets on cohort survival rate in elementary and
secondary level were exceeded due to the conditional cash transfer program that helped
keep children in schools.
Efforts to reduce the vulnerability of the region to natural hazards and disasters include
90,659 hectares reforested under the National Greening Program, 142 approved disaster
risk reduction plans for all LGUs, 29 approved solid waste management plans and
decrease in open dumpsites and controlled dump facilities.
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This chapter highlights Calabarzon’s performance in the achievement of
inclusive growth. The region aims to attain inclusive and sustained growth through:
1) high, sustained and inclusive economic growth; 2) provision of equal access to
development opportunities; and 3) delivery of social safety nets.
The growth of the agriculture and fisheries in the region poses the biggest challenge
on inclusive growth as the farmers are among the poorest and most vulnerable sector.
While the demand among institutional buyers propped growth in poultry and
livestock, the crop and fisheries sub-sectors continue to be greatly affected by climate
change. Thus, farmers’ knowledge about climate-smart and market oriented practices
should be enhanced especially in Batangas and Quezon which registered the highest
proportion of households engaged in agriculture and fisheries are.
Despite the sustained GRDP growth, employment, unemployment and
underemployment posted minimal progress from 2013 to 2015. Employment
increased from 91.8 percent in 2014 to 92.0 percent in 2015 while unemployment and
underemployment decreased by 0.3 percent and 0.5 percent, respectively. In-
migration and the presence of top higher education institutions (HEIs) greatly affect
the employment situation of the region. The region attracts jobseekers from all over
the country with the presence of manufacturing and other industries. Students
graduating from Calabarzon HEIs find work in the region. Migration data in 2010
indicate that the region continues to be the most preferred area of migrants with 28
percent long distance movers.
Improvements in the economy resulted in poverty reduction in the region from 14.3
in 2012 to 13.4 in 2015. However, the decline was insufficient to meet the target
poverty incidence among population of 10.6 percent. The growth was also not pro-
poor as shown by the data on subsistence incidence of 4.4 percent (2015) that
decreased only by 0.1 percentage points from the 2009 level. Data also show that the
severity of poverty which measures the inequality among the poor has not improved.
Disparity of poverty situation is also noted among the five provinces of the region
with Quezon province posting the highest with 28.2 percent while Laguna the lowest
with 6.9 percent. Overall, the average rate of decline in poverty incidence for the past
six years was slow. Only Batangas province which ranks second to Quezon in terms of
poverty incidence showed significant decline while Cavite province’s poverty
incidence registered an increase. Quezon’s average rate of poverty decline is only 0.9
percentage points. The small area estimate on poverty also indicates that Quezon has
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the most number of municipalities with poverty incidence greater than the regional
average with 35, followed by Batangas with 14 and Laguna with 8.
Although the region showed improvement in health and nutrition, it has to look into
the maternal mortality rate, prevalence of underweight children, low full
immunization among children, and low contraceptive prevalence. The access and
quality of education also requires attention if all sectors of society are to be given
equal access to development opportunities. Access to basic services and utilities
remains a problem to geographically isolated and depressed areas. Around five
percent of the total households in the region are not served with electricity while the
growth of service coverage of water districts is slow.
The region posted an improvement in peace and security as implied in the decreasing
trend of internal conflict-affected barangays and total crime volume. Some of the
significant factors that contributed to the decrease of conflicts and crimes are Payapa
at Masaganang Pamayanan (PAMANA), Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps),
Bottom-Up-Budgeting (BuB) and Comprehensive Local Integration Program.
The consistent slow growth of agriculture and fisheries remains a major concern as
most of the poor are in the rural areas. Thus, the Regional Development Council
(RDC) created the Anti-Poverty Convergence Technical Working Group to orchestrate
collaboration of efforts of national line agencies, local government units and the
private sector towards poverty alleviation of the 35 identified priority areas. The
priority areas mostly belong to the geographically isolated and depressed areas and
are predominantly agricultural.
The completion of major infrastructure projects like the Quipot Irrigation Project and
the rehabilitation of irrigation facilities are expected to increase crop production
starting 2016. The institutionalization of climate change adaptation and mitigation in
agriculture would decrease its vulnerability to typhoons. Addressing the challenges
will enable Calabarzon to attain the MDGs which has now been expanded into the
Sustainable Development Goals.
Ensuring high employment levels is another challenge for the region considering its
position as an in-migration area. Other related concerns are the quality and
mismatch of the region’s workforce with the jobs available in the region. Jobseekers
from other regions might be more qualified or would better fit the requirements being
offered in the region and thus potentially displacing the region’s own workforce.
Thus, to address the concern, the RDC created the Special Committee on Academe-
Industry Linkage to provide venue for the HEIs and the industries to discuss areas for
collaboration like curriculum development, research and development, on the job
training, among others, to ensure relevance of curricular offerings, better prepare the
graduates and hopefully address the mismatch.
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Center-based facilities restricts the geographically isolated and depressed areas to
avail of the services, thus, alternative modes of delivering services whether economic
or social have to be explored.
Convergence of initiatives to accelerate impact and identifying the specific vulnerable
groups that would find difficulty in being mainstreamed in the development process
and providing the appropriate interventions remains a challenge considering the
absence of a unified tool. The RDC is promoting the adoption of the Community-
Based Monitoring System (CBMS) and the Listahanan of the DSWD as tools for
beneficiary identification to ensure that all vulnerable groups are catered.
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This chapter highlights the overall economic performance of the region and the
factors affecting economic output and growth, employment, and inflation. This
chapter also discusses poverty across the region through time.
The Calabarzon region remained as a major contributor to the national economy with
its 17.2 percent share in the Gross Domestic Product.
The region’s 2015 Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) amounted to P1,303
trillion which is an increase of 5.9 percent from the previous year (Table 2.1). The
industry sector contributed 61.8 percent, while the services and agriculture sector
contributed 32.6 and 5.5 percent, respectively.
Table 2.1
Gross Regional Domestic Product (in P ‘000), Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015 Indicators 2012 2013 12-13
Growth
Rate
2014 13-14
Growth
Rate
2015 14-15
Growth
Rate
GRDP 1,097,789,972 1,170,989,734 6.7 1,230,928,041 5.1 1,303,724,015 5.9
AHFF 68,670,148 71,238,518 3.7 70,279,525 (1.3) 72,132,434 2.6
Industry 675,208,272 717,989,936 6.3 764,364,209 6.5 806,198,717 5.5
Services 353,911,552 381,761,280 7.9 396,284,307 3.8 425,392,864 7.4
Source: PSA
However, in spite of the 5.9 percent growth, the targeted growth of 6.2 percent was
not met due to the low performance in the agriculture and services sectors.
Table 2.2
Gross Regional Domestic Product Growth Rate, 2013 to 2015, in percent
Indicators 2013
2014 2015
Target Actual Target Actual Target Actual
GRDP 5.5-6.5 6.7 5.7-6.7 5.1 6.2-7.2 5.9
AHFF 2.7-3.7 3.7 2.9-3.9 (1.3) 3.0-4.0 2.6
Industry 4.5-5.5 6.3 4.7-5.7 6.5 5.1-6.1 5.5
Services 8.0-9.0 7.9 8.2-9.2 3.8 8.7-9.7 7.4
Source: RSET 2015, PSA-NSCB
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The agriculture sector rebounded from its negative growth rate of 1.3 percent in 2014
to 2.6 percent in 2015, almost achieving the 3.0 percent target for the year despite the
typhoons that hit the region. The positive trend is attributable to improvement in the
production of poultry and livestock, i.e. swine, chicken, cattle production. The fishing
subsector, on the other hand, still posed a negative growth at 6.6 percent due to
limited commercial and municipal fishing operations brought by the prolonged dry
spell in the region.
The industry sector remained to be the growth driver of the region’s economy,
exceeding targets in 2013 and 2014. However, in 2015, the sector slowed down its
growth though still falling within the target. The slower growth of the industry sector
is attributed to the decline in growth rate of the manufacturing sub sector,
particularly in the office, accounting and computing machineries, petroleum and food
manufacturing, which composed 91 percent of the sector’s output and 53.7 percent of
the regional GRDP. Though the mining and quarrying sub-sectors increased in the
production of sand and gravel, this increase was not enough to offset the decelerated
growth of manufacturing.
The services sector’s 3.6 percent increase in its growth rate was due to the 3.4 percent
increase in the growth of the real estate sub-sector which accounts for 46.28 percent
of the services sector. Contributing to the 7.4 percent growth in services output was
the notable 10.2 percent increase in the other services sub-sector which includes
education and health related services, social works activities, entertainment and
recreation, and accommodation and food service activities, among others.
Calabarzon had the largest share of the Philippine population with 13.65 percent. The
region was identified as one of the regions with a relatively high per capita GRDP in
2015. Calabarzon ranked second with a per capita GRDP of P 92,285, preceded by NCR
with P 219,114 per capita GRDP and followed by CAR with P 74,845 per capita GRDP.
The per capita GRDP of the Regions is higher than the Philippine per capita GRDP of
P74,770. The region’s per capita GRDP reflected the sustained economic performance
of the region despite the increase in its population.
Alongside the region’s relatively high per capita GRDP, the region’s poverty situation
improved with a decline from the 14.3 percent poverty incidence in 2012 to 13.4
percent poverty incidence in 2015 which is second to the lowest poverty incidences
among the regions. The poverty incidence of the region is also below the national
poverty incidence of 26.3 percent.
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Table 2.3
Poverty Incidence Among Population, 2009 to 2015, in percent
Indicators 2009 2012 2015
National Poverty Incidence 28.6 27.9 26.3
Calabarzon Poverty Incidence 14.3 14.3 13.4
Subsistence Incidence 4.5 5.4 4.4
Severity of Poverty 0.9 1.1 0.9
Source: PSA Region IV-A
While the regional situation is improving, not all the provinces experienced the same
trend. Cavite’s poverty incidence worsened from 5.5 poverty incidence in 2012 to 11.4
percent in 2014. Among the causes of increasing poverty incidence was resettlement
of informal settlers from the NCR and nearby provinces. Quezon province also
exhibited a high poverty incidence of 28.2 percent which is above the regional and
national poverty incidence of 13.4 and 26.3, respectively (Table 2.3). The relatively
high poverty incidence of the Quezon province may be due to the presence of island
municipalities where government services are difficult to be accessed.
Table 2.4
Poverty Incidence in the Provinces, 2009 to 2015, in percent
Indicators 2009 2012 2015
Cavite 5.2 5.5 11.4
Laguna 9.7 8.5 6.9
Batangas 18.6 23.9 14.6
Rizal 13.3 9.4 10.4
Quezon 30.0 29.2 28.2
Source: PSA Region IV-A
The Calabarzon region has the largest potential labor force at 8,576,000 contributing
13.2 percent to the country’s labor force. However, the labor force participation rate
declined from 65.5 in 2014 to 64.5 in 2015. The number of people entering the labor
force fell by 1.5 percent from 2014.
Table 2.5
Labor Force Participation, 2014 to 2015
Indicators Actual
2014 2015
Population 15 years and above (‘000) 8,463 8,576
Labor force participation rate 65.5 64.5
Source: DOLE Region IV-A
The employment situation in the region posed an improvement as reflected in the
increase in the employment rate from 91.8 in 2014 to 92.0 in 2015 and a decrease in
the unemployment rate and underemployment rate (Table 2.6). The region is
expected to attain the target employment rate of 93.9 by 2016.
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Table 2.6
Employment, 2014 to 2015, in percent
Indicators 2014 2015
Target Actual Target Actual
Employment rate 93.9-94.1 91.8 93.9-94.1 92.0
Unemployment rate 8.6 to 9.4 8.2 8.6 to 9.4 8.0
Underemployment rate Less than 17.5 18.7 Less than 17.5 18.2
Source: DOLE Region IV-A
The region posted a decline in its 2015 inflation rate of 0.9 from the previous’ 4.0
percent. This exceeded the target of 4.0 and was the lowest among the regions. The
low inflation rate was attributed to the decline of prices of petroleum products.
Despite the consistent growth of the region’s economy, inclusiveness remains to be
an issue particularly in areas where the agriculture sector remains to be the dominant
income source. Hence, there is a need to balance the opportunities catered in the
region especially in the areas which highly depend on agriculture. Poverty incidence
is highest in the agricultural areas, thus the need for collective and convergence
efforts in these areas to increase agricultural productivity and provide other
alternative livelihood opportunities.
Given the region’s niche in manufacturing, there is also a need to further strengthen
the manufacturing sector and MSMEs. The region must still consider competitiveness
and inclusiveness as a viable development agenda and give greater attention to small
and medium enterprises (SMEs), firm-rich sectors and global value chains. The
region must also provide conducive business environment for global production
networks to prevent them from relocating in other countries. The region can also look
at tourism and MSMEs as source of employment.
The region also initiated the creation of Committees for the academe and industry
linkage through the Regional Development Council (RDC). This will address job-skill
mismatch which is considered as one of the reasons for unemployment and
underemployment. An ad hoc Committee on K to 12 was also created under the RDC
to ensure the readiness of the region in the implementation of K to 12 program. The
ad hoc Committee identifies strategies to cushion the negative effect of
K to 12 implementation.
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This chapter highlights the 2015 performance of the industry and services sectors in
support of the targets and strategies in the updated Regional Development Plan
2011-2016.
Figure 3.1. 2015 GRDP Composition
The industry and services sectors dominate the Calabarzon economy. They contribute
about 94.4 percent of the GRDP. Respectively, the industry sector contributes about
61.8 percent while the services sector contributes about 32.6 percent to the
regional economy.
Growth
Industry sector decelerated. The industry sector grew by 5.5 percent in 2015 lower
than its 6.5 percent growth in 2014 and 2013 growth of 6.3 percent. Total
contribution of the industry sector to the GRDP is PhP806.20 Billion or a share of 61.8
percent. Expansion on all subsectors except the manufacturing sector resulted in the
growth of industry sector but on a slower pace due to decelerated growth of the
manufacturing subsector.
While manufacturing subsector grew by 5.5 percent in 2015, it was lower compared to
7.1 percent growth in 2014 and 6.7 percent growth in 2013. The manufacturing
subsector is the highest contributor to the industry sector and GRDP at 86.86 percent
and 53.71 percent, respectively. On the other hand, the growth of mining and
5.53
61.84
32.63 Agriculture, hunting, forestry andfishing
Industry
Services
| 9
quarrying, construction, and electricity, gas and water supply subsectors accelerated
in 2015.
Table 3.1
Gross regional domestic product in the industry sector (at constant prices),
Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
Sub-sector GRDP (in ‘000) Growth rate (in %)
2014 2015 2013 2014 2015
Industry 763,993,804 806,198,717 6.3 6.5 5.5
Mining and Quarrying 2,287,171 2,696,475 12.0 8.9 17.9
Manufacturing 664,102,978 700,331,220 6.7 7.1 5.5
Construction 57,710,578 60,609,242 8.6 2.1 5.0
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply 39,893,078 42,561,781 (2.4) 2.5 6.7 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)
Services sector grew fast. The services sector expanded by 7.4 percent in 2015 as
output on all the subsectors increased. This growth is higher compared to 2014
growth rate but lower compared to 2013 growth rate. Total contribution of the
services sector to the GRDP in 2015 is PhP425.39 Billion or a share of 32.6 percent.
Table 3.2
Gross regional domestic product in the services sector (at constant prices),
Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
Sub-sector GRDP (in ‘000) Growth rate (in %)
2014 2015 2013 2014 2015
Service Sector 396,224,882 425,392,864 7.9 3.8 7.4
Transportation, Storage and
Communication
81,015,668 85,785,427 6.3 6.6 5.9
Trade and Repair of Motor
Vehicles, Motorcycles, Personal
and Household Goods
91,479,239 97,792,624 3.7 1.0 6.9
Financial Intermediation 45,739,973 48,481,969 14.0 7.8 6.0
Real Estate, Renting and Business
Activities
106,583,547 113,817,636 10.3 3.4 6.8
Public Administration and Defense;
Compulsory Social Security
15,189,527 15,301,886 6.0 3.9 0.7
Other Services 56,216,928 64,213,322 8.7 2.2 14.2 Source: PSA
The trade and repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles, personal and household goods;
real estate, renting and business activities posted a marked growth in 2015. Other
services composed of education; health and social work; hotels and restaurant;
sewage and refuse disposal sanitation; and recreational, cultural and sporting
activities grew the fastest at 14.2 percent among all the subsectors while public
10 |
administration and defense, and compulsory social security posted
decelerated growth.
Employment Generated
Employment slightly increased. Employment in the industry sector slightly increased
at 0.15 percent from 2014 to 2015 while employment in the services sector increased
by 1.94 percent. Increased employment in the industry sector was brought by the
slight growth in the manufacturing and construction subsectors. This was in contrast
to the considerable increase in employment generated by all subsectors of the
industry sector in 2014. On the other hand, increased employment in information and
communication, administrative support service activities, and human health and
social work services subsectors contributed to the employment increase in the
services sector.
Calabarzon has the highest employment in the industry sector among the regions in
the country and the second highest contributor to national industry output in 2015. It
ranked second in terms of employment in the services sector. Employment in the
industry and services sectors has an upward trend from 2013 to 2015 with services
having a higher employment relative to industry. Rate of growth on employment of
both sectors, however, decelerated in 2015. The slow growth manifested minimal
expansion and investment in the industry and services sectors.
Table 3.3
Employment generated in industry and services sectors, Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015
Sector Actual (‘000) Growth Rate (%)
2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015
Industry 1,259 1,330 1,332 5.09 5.64 0.15
Services 2,915 3,043 3,102 3.26 4.39 1.94 Source: PSA Region IV-A
Of the total employment of 4.1 million in the industry and services sectors in 2015,
10.87 percent or 453,837 workers in Calabarzon are employed inside the Philippine
Economic Zone Authority (PEZA)-managed economic zones. This is a slight increase
from 2014 by 3.10 percent or an additional of 13,633 workers in 2015. The additional
employment generated in 2015 can be attributed to the 94 additional enterprises
which located in the 48 PEZA economic zones.
There was a steady increase of jobs from 2012 to 2015. However, it can be noted that
the rate of increase was minimal and there was a considerable decline in the rate of
growth in 2015, from 10.72 percent in 2014 to 3.10 percent in 2015. This considerable
decline can be attributed to non-expansion or non-development of new economic
zones compared to the previous years.
| 11
Figure 3.2. Employment generated and growth rate in economic zones, 2012 to 2015
Source: PEZA, processed by NEDA Region IV-A
Targeted MSMEs’ employment met. Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs)
assisted by the regional offices of Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and
Department of Science and Technology (DOST) generated 28,080 jobs and 12,118 jobs
in 2015, respectively. This is 12.72 percent higher than the target for DTI-assisted
MSMEs while 11 times higher than the target for DOST-assisted MSMEs.
On the other hand, the rate of growth on employment generated from DTI-assisted
MSMEs was much lower at 6.12 percent in 2015 compared to 27.88 percent in 2014.
While there was an increase in employment generated for DTI-assisted MSMEs in
2015, employment generated for DOST-assisted MSMEs declined by 7.59 percent due
to graduated and terminated SETUP-assisted projects. Also, technology interventions
which involve mechanization of some manufacturing processes reduced
manual labor.
Table 3.4
Employment generated from MSMEs assisted by DTI and DOST: 2013 to 2015
Year
DTI DOST
Target Actual Growth
Rate
Target Actual Growth Rate
2013 22,000 20,690 616 3,978
2014 22,647 26,460 27.89 1,068 13,113 229.64
2015 24,911 28,080 6.12 1,044 12,118 (7.59)
Source: DTI Region IV-A and DOST Region IV-A
Research Conducted
Limited research conducted and published. Research institutions in Calabarzon
completed a total of 20 research projects supporting the manufacturing sector in
2015. Among the researches are Development and Acceptability of Different Value
Added Mushroom Products with Pangasius, Daing Flakes Project; Business Ecology of
Salted Duck Eggs Enhanced with Lemon Grass and Cinnamon; Ex-ante Analysis of
Industry Strategic Science and Technology Plans; Nanotechnology; Technology
Adoption of Mango Processing Industry; Development of Low Cost Electro-Tech
8.21 9.92 10.72
3.10
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
-
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
2012 2013 2014 2015
Pe
rce
nt
Nu
mb
er
Year
Actual Growth rate
12 |
Trainer Board Series E09; Physical and Chemical Characterization of Kapok Oil as a
Potential Biofuel and Potable Hybrid Powered Water Filtration Device.
On market research, Calabarzon had two publications related to the development and
production of processed food products compared to three market researches
published in 2014. Market researches were either published in scientific journals or
presented in conferences.
Business climate improved. Business climate is a general economic environment that
influences the enterprises to expand operations and to invest in a particular location.
It is comprised of government’s attitude towards businesses and their activities,
public policies and inflation rate, among others.
As of the 2015, 123 or 86.62 percent of local government units (LGUs) in Calabarzon
have Streamlined Business Permit Licensing System which reduces the average
processing time and cost of doing business resulting in a more efficient business
environment. The full compliance of all Calabarzon LGUs is targeted in 2016.
Business registration protects consumers with the regulated use of names in business
transactions and ensures that operating businesses are registered legally. The number
of approved business names increased in 2015 by 7 percent but is 4 percent lower
than the annual target of 65,642. All provinces except Cavite, which has the highest
number of registered business names, did not meet their 2015 targets. Of the total of
63,008 applications in 2015, 85 percent are new applications.
Table 3.5
Business Name Registration by Province, Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
Area 2014 2015 Growth Rate
(%) Target Actual Target Actual
Batangas 12,643 11,856 13,576 11,179 (5.71)
Cavite 16,857 14,214 15,764 18,418 29.58
Laguna 12,902 14,679 16,331 15,725 7.13
Quezon 4,816 5,737 6,176 5,041 (12.13)
Rizal 11,439 12,334 13,795 12,645 2.52
Calabarzon 58,657 58,820 65,642 63,008 7.12
Source: DTI Region IV-A
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of changes in the price level of a market
basket of consumer goods and services purchased by an ordinary household. It is used
to determine the inflation rate. CPI of key industry and services products increased
from 2012 to 2014 but in 2015, CPI for food products continued to increase while CPI
for non-alcoholic beverages declined. Based on 2015 Regional Economic
Development Report of Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, increase in CPI of food products
| 13
can be attributed to weather-related supply disruptions and seasonal demand (e.g.
surge of demand during holiday seasons).
Figure 3.3. Consumer Price Index, Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015 Source: PSA Region IV-A, processed by NEDA Region IV-A
Productivity increased. Industries located in PEZA-managed economic zones in the
region performed slightly better in 2015 compared to 2014 from 0.11 percent to 0.44
percent. Approved investments increased by 2.39 percent from about PhP103 Billion
in 2014 to about PhP106 Billion in 2015. Despite an upward trend on value of exports,
the rate of growth hardly increased from 2012 to 2015. While total approved
investments greatly recovered in 2014, it barely increased in 2015 by 2.39 percent.
These figures, however, met the target of increasing value on exports and approved
investments from 2012 to 2015 except the performance of the latter in 2012 to 2013
due to the global decline of demand for electronic products. Increase in the value of
approved investments and exports can be attributed to an increasing number of
industry locators since 2012, averaging at seven percent per year.
Table 3.6
Industry and services productivity in PEZA-managed economic zones: 2012 to
2015
Indicator
Value Growth rate (in %)
2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015
Exports (US$
M) 21,761.902 22,864.779 22,890.391 22,990.774 5.07 0.11 0.44
Total
Approved
Investment
s (PhP M)
120,371.844 80,900.138 103,849.496 106,326.887 (32.79) 28.37 2.39
Source: PEZA
More MSMEs assisted. MSMEs are recognized to contribute to economic growth and
employment generation. DTI and DOST are the major government agencies that
provide assistance to enhance the competitiveness and increase productivity
of MSMEs.
100
120
140
160
180
2012 2013 2014 2015
CP
I
Year
Food
Non alcoholic beverages
All items
14 |
Recognizing the huge number of MSMEs in Calabarzon, MSMEs assisted by DTI and
DOST increased in 2015. DTI assisted 14,631 MSMEs in 2015 compared to 13,324 in
2014 or an increase of 9.81 percent while DOST assisted 499 MSMEs in 2015
compared to 317 in 2014 or an increase of 57.41 percent. The number of MSMEs
which both agencies are assisting are increasing since 2013. However, the rate of
increase on the assisted MSMEs was considerably lower in 2015 compared in 2014.
Both DTI and DOST exceeded their targets from 2013 to 2015 at an average of 2.86
percent and 318.49 percent each year, respectively.
Table 3.7
DTI and DOST assisted MSMEs, Calabarzon: 2013 to 2015
Year DTI DOST
Target Actual Target Actual
2013 7,500 7,769 58 112
2014 13,267 13,324 64 317
2015 13,994 14,631 88 499
Source: DTI Region IV-A, DOST Region IV-A
Domestic sales of MSMEs assisted by DTI increased from PhP978 M in 2014 to PhP
1,063 M in 2015 or 6.3 percent higher than the target for 2015. While domestic sales
increased from 2013 to 2015, the rate of growth in domestic sales is declining. From
an 18.17 percent growth rate in 2013, sales growth plummeted to 8.69 percent
in 2015.
Figure 3.4. Value & growth rate of domestic sales of DTI-assisted MSMEs, 2013 to 2015
Source: DTI Region IV-A, processed by NEDA Region IV-A
However, value of domestic sales from 2013 to 2015 is higher on the target values for
the same period. The actual values are 6 percent higher than the targets on the
average. Increase in domestic sales are generated from trade fairs (local, regional and
international), market matching activities, pasalubong centers, and trade house
operated by DTI provincial offices.
850 978 1,063
18.17
15.06
8.69
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
2013 2014 2015
Pe
rcen
t
Ph
P M
Year
Domestic Sales Growth Rate
| 15
Table 3.8
Domestic sales of DTI assisted MSMEs, Calabarzon: 2013 to 2015
Year Domestic Sales (PhP M)
Difference (%) Target Actual
2013 811 850 4.81
2014 915 978 6.89
2015 1,000 1,063 6.30
Source: DTI Region IV-A
Tourism
Tourism increased. The region’s tourism industry continued to expand in 2015.
Volume of same day tourists arrivals in 2015 reached 21.61 million (21.14 million for
domestic tourists and 470,670 for foreign tourists) or about 8 percent higher than the
targeted 20 million. As compared to 2014, the tourist arrivals in 2015 increased by
36.96 percent.
Table 3.9
Calabarzon Tourist Arrivals, 2014 and 2015
Indicator 2012
Baseline
2014 2015 Growth
Rate Target Actual Target Actual
Same Day Arrivals (in ’000) 15,000 15,781.31 20,000 21,613.30 36.96%
Domestic 8,272.30 15,356.98 21,142.63 37.67%
Foreign 447.40 424.33 470.67 10.92%
Overnight Tourist (in ‘000) increasing 2,529.62 increasing 4,318.63 70.72%
Domestic 1,207.20 increasing 2,400.70 increasing 3,888.79 61.99%
Foreign 80.80 increasing 123.79 increasing 426.83 244.81%
Overseas Filipinos 5.14 3.00 -41.51%
Accredited tourism
enterprises
80 120 141 189 191 35.46%
Rooms from DOT-accredited
accommodation
establishments
1849 1,904 2,623 2,885 3,188 21.54%
Employees employed by
DOT-accredited
establishments
3538 3,789 4,663 4,700 4,786 2.64%
Source: Department of Tourism (DOT) Region IV-A
Overnight domestic tourists significantly
increased by 70.72 percent, from 2.53 million
in 2014 to 4.32 million in 2015. Moreover, the
number of foreign overnight tourist arrivals
increased by 244.81 percent, from 123,790 in
2014 to 426,830 in 2015. Top foreign tourists
who visited Calabarzon in 2015 are from Japan
(10.12 percent), Korea (9.39 percent) and USA
(2.77 percent). Source: DOT Region IV-A
16 |
The increase in number of tourist arrivals can be attributed to the following factors:
a. strengthened partnership between public and private sectors in the region
b. stronger marketing/ promotional campaigns on different tourism events
and business missions
c. proximity of Calabarzon resorts and sun and beach destinations, theme
parks, museums and hot springs, highlands of Tagaytay City to the
National Capital Region
d. initiative of DOT Region IV-A to conduct seminars on tourism awareness and
tourism statistics, and coaching of LGUs in tourism management to provide
better understanding on tourism industry and the importance of data
gathering and reporting
e. completion of roads under the DOT-DPWH convergence programs such as
Quezon Eco-Tourism Road, Makiling Eco-Tourism Road, Lobo-Malabrigo-
Laiya, San Juan Road, Lobo, Batangas and the Taal Circumferential Road -
Agoncillo Section. This provides fast and accessible route not only to local
tourist hot spots but also to different markets of agriculture and
maritime products
f. completion and aggressive promotion of ecotourism projects such as the
Pansipit River and Volcano Island Bird Sanctuary at San Nicolas, Batangas,
Masungi Karst at Tanay, Rizal, Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve at Los Banos,
Laguna, Lobo Batangas Agri – Ecotourism Sites and Tayak Adventure, Nature
and Wildlife Park in Rizal, Laguna which were all approved by the Regional
Ecotourism Committee as ecotourism sites and are now visited by tourists
g. strong collaboration among the provinces, DOT and tourism organizations in
promoting Calabarzon as an accessible tourism destination.
In 2015, the DOT accredited 191
tourism enterprises that barely
exceeded its target of 189. The
number of DOT-accredited
tourism enterprises increased
from 141 in 2014 to 191 in 2015.
Likewise, the targets in rooms and
employees from DOT- accredited
establishments were reached.
Consumer welfare improved. The level of consumer awareness and satisfaction of
quality goods and services registered at 62 percent which is higher than the previous
year at 57 percent but lower than the target 67 percent. The level of consumer
awareness and satisfaction of quality goods and services improved since 2012.
Monitoring and enforcement of product safety standard was intensified. No firm was
found violating in 2012 and 2013 while two had been found violating in 2014 and
Source: DOT Region IV-A
| 17
2015. From two violating firms in 2014, only one had been penalized while the two
violating firms found in 2015 were both penalized. The number of monitored firms in
2015 declined by 3 percent compared to 2014 but still exceeded the target of 520
firms for 2015.
The rate of resolving consumer complaints decreased from 85 percent in 2014 to 82
percent in 2015. Out of the 791 consumer complaints received for mediation, 661
complaints were resolved within ten working days. Of the 33 consumer complaints
received for arbitration/adjudication, only 13 complaints were resolved within 20
working days. Majority of the consumer complaints were in violation of Republic Act
7394 also known as the “Consumer Act of the Philippines”.
Table 3.10
Protection of Consumer Welfare, Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015
Item 2012 2013 2014 2015
Level of consumer awareness and satisfaction of quality
goods and services
53% 56% 57% 62%
Product safety standards
Number of monitored firms 42 512 564 549
Number of firms found violating 0 0 2 2
Proportion of violating firms penalized n/a n/a 50% 100%
Suggested retail price and adherence to Price Act
Number of firms monitored 260 1109 1420 1502
Number of firms found violating 0 0 0 0
Proportion of violating firms penalized n/a n/a n/a n/a
Percentage of consumer complaints resolved within the
prescribed time of mediation
82% 81% 85% 82%
Source: DTI Region IV-A
The industry and services sectors continue to be the engine of growth of the
region. Employment, exports and domestic sales are increasing. However, the
growth is now decelerating.
While manufacturing is dominated by multi-national and establishments in economic
zones, the challenge is to link the MSMEs to them so they can be part of the global
value chain. The interventions to MSMEs should be continued and strengthened. The
Industry Clustering Program in 2015 can improve the performance of MSMEs.
Likewise, the increasing number of SMEs assisted through SETUP will ensure
their productivity.
Tourism industry significantly contributes to regional output of the services sector.
To further boost tourism, data gathering on tourism has to improve. Tourism master
plans should be prepared and marketing and promotion should be enhanced.
18 |
The agriculture, hunting, fishery, and forestry (AHFF) sector, which constitutes about
5.53 percent of the regional economy, remains an important growth driver of the
region as it provides raw materials and source of food to the region’s population.
Despite increase in the overall performance of the AHFF sector, it remains vulnerable
to climatic changes, disaster and infestation that is highly evident in the crops and
fisheries sub-sector.
GRDP increased. The gross value added in AHFF increased by 2.61 percent from
PhP70.30 billion in 2014 to PhP72.13 billion in 2015. This allowed the sector to
achieve its target of increasing gross value added of the sector and rebound from a
negative growth of 1.23 percent in 2014 to 2.61 percent in 2015. The increase is
mainly attributed to substantial increase in output of the agriculture and forestry
sub-sector from PhP51.67 billion to PhP54.74 billion resulting to a jump from
negative 1.12 percent to 5.94 percent growth rate.
Table 4.1
Gross Regional Domestic Product in Agriculture, Hunting, Fishery and Forestry
Sector,Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
Indicator
Value (in PhP billion,
constant 2000 Prices)
Growth Rate
(in percent)
2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-`15
Agriculture, Hunting, Fishery and
Forestry
70.30 72.13 (1.2) 2.6
a) Agriculture and Forestry 51.67 54.74 (1.1) 5.9
b) Fishing 18.63 17.39 (1.5) (6.6)
Gross Regional Domestic Product 1,230.52 1,303.72 5.1 6.0
Source: Regional Accounts of the Philippines, Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)
More than half of AHFF output or about 57.63 percent is contributed by the livestock
and poultry sub-sector which posted substantial growth in 2015 at 6.59 and 8.54
percent, respectively, due to increase in demand especially of institutional buyers.
This explains the positive performance of the sector despite decline in crop and
fisheries sub-sectors.
| 19
Table 4.2
Value of Production in Agriculture, Hunting, Fishery and Forestry Sector, Calabarzon:
2014 to 2015
Sub-sector Target Actual (Php million) Growth Rate (%)
2015 2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-`15
a. Crops increasing 15,844.00 15,719.10 (4.5) (0.8)
b. Livestock increasing 20,323.70 21,662.60 2.3 6.6
c. Poultry increasing 22,593.70 24,522.10 (2.7) 8.5
d. Fisheries increasing 19,513.00 18,238.40 (2.1) (6.5)
Source: CountrySTAT and PSA Region IV-A
The performance of the crop sub-sector generally declined by .79 percent due to the
hot weather condition and the damages brought by Typhoons Lando and Nona during
the last quarter of 2015. Similarly, the fisheries sub-sector suffered with a decline of
6.53 percent from PhP19.51 billion in 2014 to PhP18.24 billion in 2015.
Rice self-sufficiency slightly reduced. In 2015, the rice self-sufficiency ratio is down
by 0.71 percentage points from 16.9 percent in 2014 to 16.19 percent in 2015. The
ratio is 5.81 percentage points off from the 2015 target of 22 percent.
Rice self-sufficiency is reached when total regional production can meet total
regional requirements for rice as food, seeds, processing, feeds, and adequate buffer
stock that is good to last for at least 15 days. The Department of Agriculture (DA)
computes for the estimated requirements or demand based on the population and the
average per capita rice consumption of 119 kilogram per year. With an average
annual population growth of 2.58 percent and an average annual growth rate in palay
production of just 0.19 percent in the region from 2010 to 2015, population will
continue to considerably outgrow palay production.
Table 4.3
Calabarzon Rice Self-Sufficiency Ratio in percent, 2014 to 2015
Target Actual Change (%)
2014 2015 2014 2015 ‘14-‘15
Rice Self-Sufficiency Ratio 21.0 22.0 16.9 16.2 (4.2)
Source: PSA Region IV-A
Inflation went down. Inflation rates of basic food commodities went down, except for
fruits which remain the same. In terms of achieving the target inflation rate, the
fisheries sub-sector is still within the three to five percent target.
The general decline in inflation rate is attributed mainly to lower global oil prices as
well as domestic utility rates which contributed to reduction in the power and
transportation components of the cost of producing goods and services. The drop in
oil prices and utility rates are seen to outweigh upside risks coming from adverse
climate and weather conditions, election-related expenditures, holiday spending,
peso depreciation and possible adjustments in utility rates.
20 |
Table 4.4
Average Inflation Rates among basic commodities (in Percent), Calabarzon
Commodity Target Actual Change
(percentage points)
2014 2015 2014 2015 `14-`15
Rice 3-5 3-5 11.7 1.8 (9.9)
Corn 3-5 3-5 6.1 0.4 (5.7)
Meat 3-5 3-5 4.4 1.7 (2.7)
Fish 3-5 3-5 5.2 4.1 (1.1)
Milk, cheese & eggs 3-5 3-5 3.5 2.7 (0.8)
Fruits 3-5 3-5 7.4 7.4 0.0
Vegetables 3-5 3-5 9.5 2.7 (6.8)
Source: CountrySTAT and PSA Region IV-A
Grains production declined. Palay production declined by 3.1 percent from 405,582
metric tons in 2014 to 392,907 metric tons in 2015. Similarly, the harvested area
contracted by 3.0 percent from 116,568 hectares in 2014 to 113,066 hectares in 2015.
This resulted in an average palay yield of 3.48 metric tons/hectares, similar to 2014
level and short by 22.3 percent from its 2015 target yield of 4.48 metric tons/hectares.
Reductions in the region’s palay output are attributed to insufficient water supply,
especially during the vegetative stage of the crop, due to El Niño as well as the
occurrence of Typhoon Lando in October 2015. Moreover, there were also reported
occurrences of rice tungro disease and damages from black bugs and rodents in
Laguna on the last quarter of 2015.
There was a 12.8 percent decline in the region’s total corn production in 2015. White
corn production decreased by 17.9 percent while yellow corn production decreased by
9.2 percent. The decline in production may be attributed to inadequate rainfall,
shifting from corn to sugarcane and lack of capital resulting from losses in previous
cropping. Lesser application of fertilizer due to dry weather resulted in stunted
growth of the crops and smaller cobs developed particularly in Batangas. In addition,
area harvested for corn was reduced by 15.5 percent from 34,519 hectares to 29,185
hectares due to insufficient water supply and hot weather condition during planting
time. Because of the reduced output and area harvested, both white corn and yellow
corn productions are below the target yield for 2015. White corn production was short
by 20.5 percent and yellow corn short by 33.2 percent from their target.
Table 4.5
Rice and Corn Volume of Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
Commodity 2014 2015 Growth Rate (%)
`13-`14 `14-`15
Palay 405,582.00 392,907.00 (1.5) (3.1)
Corn 74,329.00 64,823.00 (1.1) (12.8)
White Corn 30,935.96 25,402.00 (14.6) (17.9)
Yellow Corn 43,393.00 39,421.00 11.4 (9.2)
Source: CountrySTAT and PSA Region IV-A
| 21
Table 4.6
Rice and Corn Yield (in MT/Ha), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
Commodity Target Actual Growth Rate (in percent)
2014 2015 2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-`15
Palay 4.43 4.48 3.48 3.48 (2.2) 0.0
White Corn 1.96 2.00 1.68 1.59 (6.1) (5.4)
Yellow Corn 4.35 4.46 2.69 2.98 (5.3) 10.8
Source: CountrySTAT and PSA Region IV-A
High Value Crops
Banana
Banana production was down by 7.7 percent in the region. Reduction is attributed to
the on-going recovery from the damages brought by Typhoon Glenda in 2014. There
was also a reduction of 4.5 percent in areas planted with banana. The reduction in
production and area planted resulted in an average yield of 3.52 metric tons/hectares
that is 3.3 percent below its 2014 level and 86 percent short of its 2015 target yield of
25.11 metric tons/hectares.
Pineapple
Pineapple production in the region was up by 3.8 percent. There was also expansion
in areas planted with pineapple by 4.8 percent influenced by the expansion of areas
due to high demand for pineapple wine processing. However, there was a 1.0 percent
decline in the average yield from 22.65 metric tons/hectares to 22.43 metric
tons/hectares. The resulting yield is only half of the targeted 44.98 metric
tons/hectares for 2015 which can be attributed to the small sizes of pineapple
produced due to hot weather during the fruit setting stage.
Mango
Mango production declined by 0.7 percent due to occasional rains that resulted in
dropping of immature fruits and rotting of blooming flowers. Similarly, there was a
1.5 percent drop in the areas planted for mango. Despite reductions in production
and area planted, the resulting average yield is 1.0 percent higher from 4.19 metric
tons/hectares in 2014 to 4.23 metric tons/hectares in 2015 but still 13.3 percent short
of the target yield of 4.88 metric tons/hectares.
Sugarcane
Sugarcane production in the region was up by 10.4 percent. There was also an
increase in the areas planted with sugarcane by 14.5 percent. However, there was a
3.6 percent reduction in the average yield from 60.46 metric tons/hectares to 58.29
metric tons/hectares which is 12.9 percent short of the target 66.9 metric
tons/hectares for 2015 brought about by stunted growth of canes harvested as a result
of dry spell during the crop’s vegetative stage.
Coconut
Coconut production was down by 0.1 percent. There was also a reduction of 0.5
percent in the areas planted with coconut. Reduction can be attributed to lower
22 |
demand from desiccated coconut plants especially in the provinces of Laguna and
Quezon. However, even with the reduction in production and area planted, the
average yield somehow increased by 0.3 percent from 3.06 metric tons/hectares to
3.07 metric tons/hectares that is 257 percent above its 2015 target yield of 0.86 metric
tons/hectares.
The performance of the coconut industry is also laudable considering it is still
recovering from the Coconut Scale Insect infestation from 2011 to 2014. According to
the Philippine Coconut Authority (PCA), the non-endemic scale insect, known as
the Aspidiotus rigidus, infested 1.1 million trees by May 2014 in Calabarzon. After a
month, the highly invasive pest affected 2.6 million coconut trees, covering 58
hotspot municipalities in Calabarzon, and disrupted the livelihood of more than
16,000 coconut farmers in 2014.
The concerted government intervention by virtue of Executive Order No. 169, S. 2014
and PCA’s Coconut Scale Insect Emergency Action Program, paved the way for the
control of the CSI, the rehabilitation of pest infested areas and the implementation of
livelihood projects for the affected stakeholders. In addition, the PCA has
allotted PhP73 million for the implementation of the rehabilitation projects to
encourage coconut planting/ replanting, nutrient management, and diversified
coconut farming in Calabarzon.
Coffee
There was a decline in coffee production by 51.6 percent resulting in a yield of 0.17
metric tons/hectares that is 51.4 percent below its 2014 level and 80.5 percent short
of its target for 2015. The decline in output was due to the strong winds of Typhoon
Glenda during the flowering stage. Some coffee areas, particularly in the province of
Cavite, were shifted to pineapple because of higher profitability.
Cacao
Cacao production decreased by 32 percent. However, there was a 1.5 percent
expansion in the areas planted with cacao. However, there was a 33.3 percent decline
in the average yield from 0.06 metric tons/hectares to 0.04 metric tons/hectares. The
resulting yield is short by 93.5 percent of the target 0.62 metric tons/hectares
for 2015.
Table 4.7
High Value Crops Volume of Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
Commodity 2014 2015 Growth Rate (%)
`13-`14 `14-`15
Banana 104,303.53 96,306.52 (11.6) (7.7)
Mango 59,473.50 59,040.76 9.5 (0.7)
Pineapple 85,448.05 88,659.84 (3.2) 3.8
Coconut 1,380,490.99 1,379,297.80 (3.8) (0.1)
Coffee 4,691.24 2,272.20 (10.4) (51.6)
Cacao 20.38 13.86 4.7 (32.0)
Sugarcane 1,578,075.91 1,741,706.17 (11.5) 10.4
Source: CountrySTAT and PSA Region IV-A
| 23
Table 4.8
Yield of Selected High Value Crops (in MT/Ha), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
Commodity Target Actual Growth Rate (%)
2014 2015 2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-`15
Banana 24.39 25.11 3.64 3.52 (70.6) (3.3)
Mango 4.74 4.88 4.19 4.23 9.4 1.0
Pineapple 43.13 44.38 22.65 22.4
3
(1.4) (1.0)
Coconut 0.83 0.86 3.06 3.07 (6.1) 0.3
Coffee 0.84 0.87 0.35 0.17 (30.0) (51.4)
Cacao 0.61 0.62 0.06 0.04 (86.4) (33.3)
Sugarcane 62.8 66.90 60.46 58.2
9
0.3 (3.6)
Source: CountrySTAT and PSA Region IV-A
Based on the performance, it is evident that the crop subsector suffered losses from
the long dry spell brought about by El Niño and of Typhoons Lando and Nona during
the last quarter of 2015.
In response, the DA, through its El Niño mitigation and adaptation plan has
implemented interventions to support crop production. Strategies include provision
of shallow tube wells, farm machineries, seeds and fertilizers, and establishment of
production facilities.
Livestock and Poultry grew. The livestock subsector was able to achieve its target of
increasing production in 2015. Cattle production is the top performer with an
increase of 7.3 percent from 2014 level. The increase in production is attributed to
better prices that encouraged cattle raisers to sell their animals. The region accounts
for 10.51 percent of the country’s cattle production and is the third largest cattle
producer in the country.
Carabao and hog production grew by 6.8 percent and 6.6 percent, respectively. The
increase in carabao output is due to the high demand for beef during festivals in the
region while increase in hog production is due to the high demand of meat
processors. The region is the second largest contributor to the country’s hog
production with a 15.86 percent share.
Table 4.9
Volume of Livestock Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
Commodity Actual Growth Rate (%)
2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-`15
Hog 315,598 336,349 2.0 6.6
Carabao 7,017 7,491 8.5 6.8
Cattle 26,147 28,051 5.5 7.3
Goat 3,565 3,671 3.9 3.0
Source: CountrySTAT and PSA Region IV-A
24 |
The poultry subsector was able to achieve its target of increasing production as
chicken and chicken egg production increased by 7.7 percent and 11.0 percent,
respectively. The positive performance is brought about by the increased demand of
institutional buyers. The region is the top producer of chicken egg in the country and
accounts for 30.1 percent of the country’s egg production. It is also the second largest
chicken producer with 19.4 percent share to the country’s total production.
Table 4.10
Volume of Poultry Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
Commodity
Actual Growth Rate (%)
2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-
`15
Chicken 298,542 321,670 (1.3) 7.7
Chicken Egg 120,642 133,962 (6.3) 11.0
Duck 665 602 (7.6) (9.5)
Duck Egg 2,101 2,099 2.1 (0.1)
Source: CountrySTAT and PSA Region IV-A
The DA’s vaccination, artificial insemination and stock distribution are the major
programs which helped achieved the target of increasing livestock and
poultry production.
Fisheries production declined. Fisheries production declined with municipal and
commercial fisheries subsector production contracting by 5.2 and 3.5 percent,
respectively. The decrease was due to less fishing trips because of the frequent gale
warnings during the second and third quarter of 2015.
Similarly, aquaculture production declined by 2.0 percent due to the decrease in
seaweeds production that accounts for 13.49 percent of the aquaculture subsector.
Seaweed production was affected by the very limited planting materials and incidence
of “ice-ice” disease. Other factors affecting aquaculture production include delayed
stocking and slow growth of species due to dry-hot weather conditions and incidence
of fish cage overflow due to Typhoon Lando during the fourth quarter of 2015.
Table 4.11
Volume of Fisheries Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015
Commodity Actual Growth Rate (in
percent)
2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-`15
Commercial 68,381 66,017 3.4 (3.5)
Municipal 145,475 137,857 12.9 (5.2)
Aquaculture 177,609 174,131 (16.7) (2.0)
Source: CountrySTAT and PSA Region IV-A
In order to sustain aquaculture production in the region, the Bureau of Fisheries and
Aquatic Resources (BFAR) provided 260 farm implements to 260 seaweed farmers
| 25
from Quezon and Batangas. Post-harvest facilities were also provided such as one
smokehouse, nine seaweed dryers, two freezers and six vacuum sealers have been
delivered to 14 beneficiaries from Laguna, Batangas and Quezon.
Additionally, a total of 3.65 million GET-
EXCEL tilapia and 1.74 million red tilapia
fingerlings/seedstocks have been
distributed to 44 and 135 beneficiaries.
Under the alternative livelihood program
of BFAR, a total of 6,816 different kinds of
fishing gear/paraphernalia were
distributed to 646 fisherfolk. The fishing
gears include: 3,614 gillnets, 890 fish
traps, 500 fish pots, 41 fish aggregating
device (FAD “payaos”), 247 squid jiggers,
27 non-motorized banca, 1,293 crab pots,
500 life vests and 100 lantern lights.
Employment decreased. The target of increasing employment in the sector was not
achieved as employment has also been affected by weather disturbances. Workers
were forced to seek other forms of employment resulting to a decline of 11.1 percent
in 2015 from 732,000 workers to 650,000 workers. The AHFF employs 12.8 percent of
the total employed in the region.
Table 4.12
Number of Employed in Agriculture (in thousand persons),Calabarzon
2013 2014 2015
Growth Rate (%)
`13-`14 `14-`15
Total Employment 4,842.00 5,097.00 5,085.00 5.3 (0.2)
Employment in Agriculture 686.00 732.00 650.88 6.7 (11.1)
Source: PSA Region IV-A
Loan availment increased. The Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP) reported that
81,512 small farmers and fishers availed loans from LBP. The number of small farmers
and fishers assisted is 10.20 percent higher than 2014 with 73,967 small farmers and
fishers. The small farmers and fishers are part of LBP’s identified priority sectors in
line with its vision to improve the quality of life of more Filipinos.
Productivity and sustainability of the agriculture and fisheries sector remains
challenged by conversion of agricultural lands and vulnerability to
climatic conditions.
26 |
Based on a 10-year data, area planted by major crops (i.e. cacao, coffee, banana,
mango and pineapple) declined by an annual average of at least 1.11 percent. In order
to address the decline and to ensure sustainability of the sector there is a need to
improve the quality of planting materials and make use of high yielding varieties to
maximize planting area.
Availability and accessibility to production inputs through government subsidies or
provision of credit and/or insurance via public and private conduits will not only
respond to productivity concerns but also to the sector’s vulnerability to climatic
conditions and pests and disease. Developing Climate Change (CC) adaptive varieties
as well as pest and disease tolerant varieties will strategically increase productivity
which can be supported by the government through increase public spending in
research and development. State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) can also contribute
by encouraging students to enrol into agriculture-related studies.
Relatedly, information dissemination on recommended planting schedule and
additional investments in agricultural infrastructures such as irrigation facilities and
farm-to-market roads contributes to the AHFF sector’s productivity and
competitiveness. Improved infrastructure will also result to improved access and
profitability as it will provide connectivity with growing markets adjacent to
production areas while also reducing transaction and input costs. Also, increasing
investments, both of the public and private sector, in post-harvest and processing
facilities to reduce losses as most agricultural products are perishables will allow
farmers to add more value to raw agricultural products resulting to increase
profitability and competitiveness of the sector.
The DA, recognizing the sector’s vulnerability to climatic conditions, has
institutionalized its CC adaptation and mitigation initiative in agriculture through
mainstreaming CC to its programs, plans and budgets. The systems-wide
mainstreaming program also includes climate information system, adaptation and
mitigation knowledge toolbox, climate-resilient agriculture infrastructure, financing
and risk transfer instrument, climate-resilient AHFF regulation and extension system.
To ensure productivity in the AHFF sector, the DA allocated about PhP231.2 million
for 2016 for the implementation of CC responsive activities that include production
support, extension services, research and development, infrastructure and
agricultural equipment support.
In addition, the continued implementation of the Philippine Rural Development
Project (PRDP) is eyed to contribute to the establishment of a climate-smart and
market-oriented AHFF sector. There are about 43 PRDP infrastructure and logistics
subprojects in the region in varying stages of implementation.
In 2015, nine proposed programs and projects of the DA with an investment
requirement of PhP1.40 Billion have been funded by the national government. About
32.92 percent of the funds were allocated on the construction of farm-to-
market roads.
| 27
For 2016, there will be an anticipated
improvement in rice production as the
National Irrigation Administration
was able to generate 216 hectares of
new irrigated areas and restore 193
hectares (under CY 2015 Program as
of June 15, 2016). The additional
irrigated areas are projected to result
to additional palay production of
2,045 metric tons per cropping
(estimated at an average yield of 5
metric tons per hectare), or 4,090
metric tons per year (at two cropping
per year) that is equivalent to about
1.04 percent of the total
regional production.
Also, the formal establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in 2015
brings about opportunities for the country through a more liberalized market with
import tariffs virtually eliminated and reduced trading costs, among others. The AEC
envisions a highly integrated ASEAN economy that will be competitive, innovative
and dynamic with an enhanced sectoral cooperation among its members. Improved
labor productivity through better access to technology and information via a more
participatory agricultural extension (i.e. farmer field schools) and linkages with
research institutions will increase the country’s competitiveness and take advantage
of the wider ASEAN market.
Lastly, strengthening the sector’s compliance with food safety and quality
certification standards through capacity building on GAP, GAHP, GMP and HACCP,
among others will not only address the issue on smuggling but will also improve
competitiveness of the AHFF sector.
Soon-to-be concreted Mangagawa-Capuluan Central FMR in
Guinayangan, Quezon, Source: PRDP Website
28 |
Roads
The total length of the national road remained the same at 2,507.76 kilometers as of
November 2015. There was no increase in road length since the new roads were not
yet completed. However, existing roads were improved and rehabilitated resulting in
increased length of paved roads (Figure 5.1). The paved roads have increased from
2,359.75 kilometers to 2,402.53 kilometers but did not meet the target of 2,461.75
kilometers. Except for Quezon, national roads in the other four provinces are already
100 percent paved.
Figure 5.1. Paved National Roads, 2014 & 2015
Source of Basic Data: DPWH Region IV-A
Roads in good condition decreased from 52.24 percent to 42.75 percent. The decline
is 9.49 percent, equivalent to 238.07 kilometers. Figure 5.2 shows the comparative
data on road condition in the region.
Figure 5.2. Calabarzon National Road Condition, 2014 & 2015
Source of Basic Data: DPWH Region IV-A
99.30 100 99.06
84.87
100
94.10
100 100 100
88.69
100
95.80
75.00
80.00
85.00
90.00
95.00
100.00
105.00
Batangas Cavite Laguna Quezon Rizal Calabarzon
2014
2015
52.24% 26.77%
12.10%
5.21%
3.68%
2014
42.75%
30.82%
13.17%
5.23% 8.03%
2015
Good
Fair
Poor
Bad
No assessment
| 29
According to the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), roads in good
condition should have been increasing given the regular maintenance and
improvement works being done. Thus, the decline may be attributed to the reporting
cycle as accomplishments in 2015 are yet to be attributed in 2016. Further, roads
undergoing construction are not included in the assessment conducted from February
to June.
Aside from road improvements, new road projects were implemented. The new road
opening/construction include Lobo-San Juan Road (17 kilometers), Taal
Circumferential Road (3.32 kilometers), Atimonan-Mauban-Real Road (4.80
kilometers), General Aguinaldo-Magallanes East West Road, Sariaya Bypass (8.0
kilometers) and Lucena (Talao-Talao) Dalahican Port Access Road (3.16 kilometers).
The major national road projects completed in 2015 are as follows: a) Rehabilitation
of Calumpang Bridge in Batangas City; b) Rehabilitation/Reconstruction of Quirino
Highway in Tagkawayan, Quezon; c) Rehabilitation of Damaged Paved Roads in
Manila South Road; and Construction of Lipa-Alaminos Road.
Bridges
The length of permanent bridges increased from 18,146.57 lineal meters to 18,447.31
lineal meters. However, the increase of 300.74 lineal meters was insufficient to meet
the targeted bridge length of 18,485.61 lineal meters. The total number of bridges is
654 and the target was to upgrade the remaining nine bailey bridges. However, only
five bailey bridges were upgraded to permanent structures. The four remaining
bridges are located in Quezon and Cavite which are undergoing construction. Figure
5.3 shows the comparative data of bridges.
Figure 5.3. Calabarzon National Bridges, 2014 & 2015
Source of Basic Data: DPWH IV-A
The ports of Batangas and Lucena are considered the major ports in the region.
Batangas Port is vital for shipment of goods and agricultural products to and from the
islands of Mindoro and Romblon in MIMAROPA region, and Caticlan in Visayas
region. On the other hand, Lucena Port is the gateway of commuters and cargoes to
Marinduque and Romblon provinces in MIMAROPA region, and Masbate province in
645
650
9
4
2014
2015
640 642 644 646 648 650 652 654 656
Permanent
Bailey
30 |
Bicol region. At present, the port of Batangas operates for domestic passenger sea
travel and international container terminal port operation.
The overall throughput performance of the ports in the region in terms of passenger
traffic, ship calls and cargo grew in 2015 compared with the previous year (Table 5.1).
Passenger traffic both inbound (disembarked) and outbound (embarked), and ship
calls increased by 15 percent, 13 percent and 42 percent, respectively. Cargo traffic in
break-bulk (MT) also increased by 2 percent, while rolling cargo (units) increased by
15 percent.
Table 5.1
Combined Throughput of Batangas and Lucena Ports, Calabarzon:2014-2015
Source of basic data: PPA PMOs Batangas and MarQuez
The port of Batangas contributes almost 90 percent of port operations in terms of
ship calls and transporting passengers and cargoes to and from the region.
Passenger traffic and ship calls in Batangas Port grew in 2015 (Table 5.2). Both
outbound and inbound passenger traffic increased by 15 percent and 12 percent,
respectively due to additional new fast craft vessels deployed by private operators,
particularly in Batangas-Calapan and Romblon-Caticlan routes. Rolling cargo also
increased by 14 percent. The growing passenger traffic and ship calls can be
attributed to intensified maritime operations along routes of the Strong Republic
Nautical Highway. The operations resulted in reduced transportation cost for
passengers and cargoes, particularly those going to the Visayas region.
Table 5.2
Throughput Performance of Batangas Port
Source: PPA PMO Batangas and MarQuez
PARTICULARS 2014 2015 Change (%)
Passenger
Embarked
Disembarked
2,899,536
3,157,835
3,268,769
3,647,047
13
15
Ship Calls 30,829 43,893 42
Cargo
Break-bulk (MT)
Rolling (Units)
986,809
508,372
1,003,237
582,227
2
15
Particulars Throughput Change (%)
2014 2015 2014-2015
Passenger
Embarked
Disembarked
2,638,943
2,954,151
3,041,272
3,321,186
15
12
Ship calls 27,566 39,994 45
Cargo
Break-bulk (MT)
Rolling (Units)
785,053.30
453,736
795,443.01
515,730
1
14
| 31
In 2015, container port traffic of Batangas Port posted an increase of 132,957.75
twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs) compared to 97,361.25 TEUs registered in 2014.
The increase may be attributed to the transfer of operations of a number of shipping
lines to Batangas Container Terminal triggered by the port congestion in the Manila
International Container Port. Other regular shipping lines of the Manila International
Container Port became regular clients of the Batangas Container Terminal.
The throughput performance of the Port of Lucena increased in 2015 by 3 percent,
each for cargo traffic and ship calls. The outbound passenger traffic (embarked)
decreased by 13 percent while inbound passenger traffic (disembarked) increased by
60 percent.
Table 5.3
Throughput Performance of Lucena Port
Source: PPA PMO Batangas and MarQuez
Aside from the two major ports, there are 11 ports servicing the region under the
Philippine Ports Authority system. Four ports located in the province of Quezon
include the ports of Polillo, Real, Mauban and San Andres. The port of San Andres
links passengers and cargoes to provinces such as Masbate, Leyte, Samar and
Marinduque. The port of Real ferries passengers to the Polillo group of islands and
Jomalig, Atimonan port serves the Alabat island municipalities.
The remaining seven (7) ports are located in the municipalities of San Juan, Lobo,
Tingloy, Mabini, Calatagan, Nasugbu and Bauan in Batangas. These ports are used in
transporting passengers, fish products, agricultural produce, and other goods to
different parts of the province and significantly contribute to increase socio-
economic activities.
The number of energized households in the region increased from 3,004,124 in 2014
to 3,274,849 in 2015. Despite the increase in household population in 2015, the
percentage of unserved households improved from 7 percent in 2014 to 4.6 percent in
2015. This can be attributed to the efforts of the government to provide electricity
access thru the implementation of the Sitio Electrification Program (SEP) of the
National Electrification Administration. SEP provided the electric cooperatives
Particulars Throughput Change (%)
2014 2015 2014-2015
Passenger
Embarked
Disembarked
260,593
203,684
227,497
325,861
-13
60
Ship calls 3,263 3,899 19
Cargo
Break-bulk (MT)
Rolling (Units)
201,756
54,636
207,794
66,497
3
22
32 |
funding assistance for extension of distribution lines to remote sitios of the region
including free household connection.
Table 5.4
Status of Household Electrification Regionwide, 2014 and 2015
2014 2015
HH Population Projected 3,233,265 3,432,898
Served 3,004,124 3,274,849
Unserved 229,141 158,049
HH Electrification Level 92.91% 95.40%
Source: Department of Energy (DOE)
In the provinces, Cavite registered the highest electrification level in 2015 at 97.48
percent followed by Laguna and Batangas at 96.19 percent and 94.49 percent,
respectively. Quezon had the lowest electrification level at 93.67 percent. Table 5.5
shows the status of household electrification by province in 2014 to 2015.
Table 5.5
Status of Electrification by Province, 2014-2015
Province
HH Population Served Unserved HH
Electrification
Level (%)
2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015
Cavite 839,497 879,074 816,458 856,950 23,039 22,124 97.26 97.48
Rizal 651,984 693,894 634,091 651,344 17,893 42,550 97.26 93.87
Laguna 712,571 767,077 688,935 737,816 23,636 29,261 96.68 96.19
Batangas 559,332 620,913 494,898 586,687 64,434 34,226 88.48 94.49
Quezon 469,881 471,940 369,743 442,052 100,138 29,888 78.69 93.67
Source: DOE
As of 2015, total irrigated area in the region increased to 57,307 hectares,
exceeding the target of 55,178 hectares.1
The increase was attributed to 86 new irrigation systems that were installed including
those rehabilitated in major palay producing areas of the region. A total of 3,161
hectares of rice lands were provided access to irrigation water, representing a 15
percent increase from the previous year of service area covered (Table 5.6).
1 NIA 4-A Report
| 33
Table 5.6
Performance of New and Rehabilitated Irrigation Systems, 2014 and 20152
Source of basic data: NIA 4-A
The 14 new irrigation systems installed in 2015 opened 119 hectares for palay
production, mostly in major rice production areas in Quezon, Batangas and
Rizal provinces.
Table 5.7
New Irrigations Systems by Province, 2014 and 20153
Province No. of Irrigation Systems Area Covered (ha)
2014 2015 2014 2015
Batangas - 5 - 21
Cavite - 1 - 10
Laguna - - - -
Quezon - 3 - 45
Rizal - 5 - 43
Total - 14 - 119
On the other hand, the rehabilitation of 72 existing irrigation systems was mostly
attributed to the increase in total irrigated area in 2015. The rehabilitated systems
improved the supply and access to water of more than 3,000 hectares of ricelands,
particularly in Quezon province.
Table 5.8
Rehabilitated and Improved Irrigation Systems by Province, 2014 and 20154
Province
No. of Irrigation
Systems Change
(%)
Area Covered (ha) Change
(%) 2014 2015 2014 2015
Batangas 6 15 150 286 316 10
Cavite 14 13 (7) 809 834 3
Laguna 13 11 (15) 583 633 9
Quezon 16 24 50 826 1,011 22
Rizal 11 9 (18) 248 248 -
Total 60 72 20 2,752 3,042 11
Source of basic data: NIA 4-A
2 - No rehabilitation works of existing NIS in Batangas and Rizal provinces in 2015. No new NIS projects in 2015.
Only new CIS projects irrigated 119 hectares in 2015, except in Laguna province. 3 New CIS projects irrigated 119 hectares in 2015. No new NIS projects in 2015 4 Rehabilitated/improved 1.54 km canal and 25.45 km canal lining of existing irrigation systems in all provinces in
2015. No rehabilitation works of existing NIS in Batangas and Rizal provinces in 2015.
Irrigation Systems
No. of Irrigation
Systems Change
(%)
Area Covered
(ha) Chang
e (%) 2014 2015 2014 2015
New - 14 - - 119 -
Rehabilitated/Improved 60 72 20 2,752 3,042 10.54
Total 60 86 43.33 2,752 3,161 14.86
34 |
However, the new and improved irrigation systems did not translate to higher palay
yield, which remained at 5.0 mt/ha compared to the target of 5.2 mt/ha. This is
because the benefit to be derived from the 14 new irrigation projects implemented in
2015 is expected to be realized in 2016. Also, there were no new irrigation projects
implemented in 2014 that would have carried over the incremental benefits to 2015
performance. Most of the irrigation efforts in 2014 and 2015 were rehabilitation and
improvement of existing irrigation systems and facilities.
Table 5.9
Committed Power Projects in Calabarzon Name of Project Project
Proponent
Location Rated
Capacity
(MW)
Target Testing/
Commissioning
Target
Commercial
Operation
Coal
2x150MW
SLPGC Coal
Fired Plant
Southwest Luzon
Power generation
Corporation
Brgy. San Rafael,
Calaca, Batangas
300 Unit I – June
2015
Unit II –
August 2015
Unit I – Aug
2015
Unit II – Sep
2015
135MW Putting
Bato Coal Fired
Power Plant II
South Luzon
Thermal Energy
Cop. (SLTEC)
Brgy. Putting
Bato West,
Calaca, Batangas
135 August 2015 November 2015
1x420MW
Pagbilao Coal-
Fired Thermal
Plant
Pagbilao Energy
Corporation
Brgy. Ibabang
Polo, Pagbilao,
Quezon
420 Between May
to November
2017
November 2017
Natural Gas
100MW San
Gabriel Avion
Project
Prime Meridian
PowerGen
Corporation
Brgy. Bolbok,
Batangas
100 August 2015 September
2015
1x450 San
Gabriel Power
Plant
First NatGas
Power
Corporation
Sta. Rita,
Batangas
450 1Q 2016 June 2016
Pagbilao 600MW
Combine Cycle
Gas Fired Plant
Energy World
Corporation
Brgy. Ibabang
Polo, Grande
Island, Pagbilao,
Quezon
600 October 2015 Unit1–Nov
2015
Unit2– Dec
2015
Unit3– Dec
2016
Solar
Macabud Solar
Photovoltaic
Power Project
ATN Philippines
Solar Energy
Group, Inc.
Brgy. Macabud,
Rodriguez, Rizal
30 Feb 2016 Feb 2016
Wind
Phase 1: Pililla
Wind Project
Altenergy Wind
One Corporation
Brgy.
Halayhayin,
Pililla, Rizal
54 June 2015 July 2015
TOTAL 2,089
| 35
The water supply status in terms of the number of service connection established and
production by the local water districts in the region were on an increasing trend.
Water districts established an aggregate 191,035 service connections in 2015,
representing 4.1 percent increase from the previous year. Monthly production
average however grew only by 1.64 percent because of the decline in water supply
production in Dasmariñas City in Cavite and Tuy in Batangas province (Table 5.10).
Table 5.10
Service Connection and Production Performance of Water Districts by Province, 2014
and 2015
Province/ Water District
Service
Connections Change
(%)
Monthly Production
Average (m3) Change
(%) 2014 2015 2014 2015
Laguna
Pagsanjan 6,355 6,562 3 215,022 231,900 8
Sta. Cruz 11,174 12,240 10 262,999 301,541 15
Rizal
Teresa 5,872 5,991 2 188,475 219,863 17
Morong 8,687 9,015 4 295,103 299,861 2
Pililia 6,187 6,619 7 131,983 155,948 18
Cavite
Dasmariñas 99,852 102,511 3 2,665,805 2,555,409 (4)
Silang 32,434 34,163 5 828,194 884,575 7
Batangas
Nasugbu 5,840 6,174 6 207,588 229,548 11
Tuy 2,736 2,861 5 73,664 52,890 (28)
San Juan 4,461 4,899 10 108,522 127,522 18
Total 183,598 191,035 4.05 4,977,355 5,059,057 1.64
Source of basic data: NWRB Report
The increase in service connections occured in Sta. Cruz, Laguna, in Pililla, Rizal, in
Silang, Cavite and in Nasugbu and San Juan, Batangas. These areas are considered as
tourist destinations and urban centers where demand for water utilities is growing.
However, service connections established in the rapidly urbanizing city of
Dasmariñas in Cavite province only grew by three percent indicating difficulty in
available sources of water supply (Figure 5.4).
In terms of average water supply production the bulk of average monthly output is
contributed by Dasmariñas Water District at 2.6 million cubic meters or 50.51 percent
of the total output of 5 million cubic meters of the ten water districts monitored by
the Local Water Utilities Administration (LWUA) in 2015. However, monthly average
production decreased by four percent, reflecting inability of supply to keep up with
rising demand from commercial, residential and industrial users in the city (Figure 2).
36 |
To address the rising demand for water supply and develop new water sources, the
LWUA completed seven programs of works and one well drilling. Construction of four
water sources in the region was also completed.
In addition, two detailed designs on water source development were done under the
KfW (German Bank)-funded project. The construction of these projects is expected to
be completed in 2016. The LWUA was also able to design a mini dam for small rivers
to impound water for the dry season.
Another initiative undertaken by LWUA is the intensified campaign to reduce wastage
on non-revenue water. In 2015, non-revenue water under the coverage of LWUA
decreased by 40 percent. This resulted in better access to water supply among users
and efficient operation of water utilities in the region.
Various social infrastructure assets have been constructed in 2015 through increased
public investment to improve the delivery of basic social services to the public. These
include the construction of school buildings/classrooms, day care centers, senior
citizen centers, rural health units and government hospitals.
Education
The increase in the inventory of school buildings in the region was driven by the
completion of the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) School Infrastructure Project
(PSIP) Phase 1 of the Department of Education (DepEd). The PSIP Phase 1 is a Php
16.28 Billion project which involved the design, construction, maintenance and
financing of 9,300 classrooms in one and two-storey buildings in Regions I,III and IV-
A under Build-Lease-and Transfer (BLT) scheme.
In 2014, a total of 3,183 PSIP classrooms were constructed equivalent to 91.73%
physical accomplishment. In 2015, the project was almost completed at 99.1%
physical accomplishment or equivalent to 4,217 classrooms built. The target number
of PSIP classrooms for the project was 4,261 but was later changed to 4,255 due to the
reduced provincial allocation for Rizal. Quezon had the highest share of 1,598
classrooms, followed by Laguna (902), Cavite (728), Batangas (701) and Rizal (326).
The project was expected to be completed in 2015 but was extended to early 2016.
Unforeseen factors, such as weather disturbances, logistical issues, underperforming
subcontractors, security concerns were the main causes of delay.
Senior high school (SHS) implementation will start in 2016, as the last mile of the K
to 12 Basic Education Program. In preparation, additional buildings are being
constructed to meet the demands of the additional two years entailed by SHS. In
2014, a total of 727 SHS buildings were constructed. This increased to 1,946 in 2015
| 37
where Batangas had the highest share of 554 SHS buildings, followed by Laguna (525),
Cavite (445), Quezon (318) and Rizal (104).
The launching of Accelerated and Sustainable Anti-Poverty (ASAP) Project also
helped expedite the construction of various infrastructure facilities before the end of
the term of the Aquino’s administration.
As the Bottom-up Budgeting (BuB) approach considers the development needs of
poor communities in the budget proposals of agencies, various social infrastructure
projects were implemented by the DepEd Region IV-A under the BuB.
Projects funded under the BUB increased from 76 in 2014 to 121 in 2015. These
include the construction of school library, faculty room, school fence, provision of
school furniture, rehabilitation of classrooms, Gulayan sa Paaralan, among others.
Table 5.11
School Infrastructure Performance (2014-2015), Calabarzon
Provinces
School Buildings/Classrooms
No. of SHS Bldgs. No. of PSIP Class rooms No. of School Infra BuB
Proj. funded
2014 2015 Change
(%)
2014 2015 Change
(%)
2014 2015 Change
(%)
Cavite 78 445 470.5 600 728 21.3 12 21.3 175.0
Laguna 101 525 419.8 776 902 16.2 5 16.2 380.0
Batangas 48 554 1054.2 641 701 9.4 18 9.4 94.4
Rizal 110 104 -5.5 207 326 57.5 21 57.5 -57.1
Quezon 390 318 -18.5 959 1598 66.6 20 66.6 0.0
Total 727 1,946 167.7 3,183 4,255 33.7 76 33.7 59.2
Source of basic data: DepEd Region IV-A
Social Services
The promotion of social welfare includes the provision of infrastructure facilities that
will help mitigate vulnerabilities of clients from negative conditions such as those
needing protection, shelter, child care and families affected by natural disaster.
As of 2015, there are five existing social welfare facilities in the region operated by
the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD). Among the five
facilities, the Field Office Resource Operation Center (FOROC) serves as the
warehouse of food packs for families affected by disaster (Annex D). However, the
facility is located in the vicinity of the west valley fault. The DSWD Region IV-A
plans to transfer the FOROC to Dasmariñas, Cavite.
The region has a total of 307 need-responsive sub-projects under the Kapit-Bisig
Laban sa Kahirapan-Comprehensive and Integrated Delivery of Social Services
38 |
(KALAHI-CIDSS) project5. Most of the projects that are identified by the community
are farm-to-market roads, school building, health centers and water systems. The
participation of the LGUs and concerned agencies is necessary to make the project
sustainable. Once the projects are turned over to the community, the LGUs can
include the KALAHI-CIDSS projects in their monitoring activities to know the
condition and status of the project.
Health Facilities
As of 2015, there are 264 hospitals, composed of 67 government and 197 private
hospitals. Total bed capacity is 7,078 with1, 660 for government hospitals and 5,418
for private hospitals. The province of Batangas has the highest number of hospitals
and bed capacity. In terms of services offered, these hospitals are categorized mostly
as first level and primary care hospitals.
Table 5.12
No. of Government and Private Hospitals, Authorized Bed Capacity, 2015
Provinces
Government Private
Level of Services No.
Bed
Capacity No.
Bed
Capacity
Cavite 13 314 41 817 Primary Care/ Level 1
Laguna 15 512 41 722 Primary Care/ Level 1
Batangas 12 120 55 2,213 Primary Care/ Level 1
Rizal 10 294 29 714 Primary Care/ Level 1
Quezon 17 420 21 952 Primary Care/ Level 1
Calabarzon 67 1,660 197 5,418
Source: Department of Health (DOH) Region IV-A
The Regional Hospital of Calabarzon is located in Batangas City while the Provincial
Hospitals of Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal and Quezon are located in the
municipalities/cities of Trece Martirez, Sta. Cruz, Lemery, Morong and Lucena,
respectively. Other health facilities available are the Drug Rehabilitation Center and
Women Children Crisis Center both located in Laguna.
In terms of the implementation of the Health Facilities Enhancement Program
(HFEP), various health facilities were completed in 2014 and 2015. A total of 28
projects were completed in 2014 from 32 projects that were implemented. In 2015, 4
projects were completed out of the total 24 projects implemented. The HFEP include
the construction, repair, rehabilitation and renovation of rural health units and
barangay health stations.
The low performance in HFEP implementation in 2015 (Table 5.13) was mainly due to
difficulties in acquiring permits and licenses from the LGUs and other concerned
5 2015 Annual Accomplishment Report, DSWD Region IV-A
| 39
agencies, compliance to standards, and delayed release in the requested
allocation/budget for the project.
Table 5.13
HFEP Implementation, 2014-2015
Source: DPWH Region IV-A
The region has to address the worsening traffic congestion in urban areas and the
delays in project implementation due to road right-of-way problems. The
accessibility of remote areas as well as road quality should also be looked into. The
following projects may help address some of the challenges: 1) construction of rail
projects (LRT1, LRT2 and LRT6); 2) construction of SLEX TR4; and 3) construction of
commuter train from Tutuban to Calamba (NSRP Phase I).
The provision of support infrastructure facilities for water transport should be
intensified. This includes roads to facilitate efficient movement of passengers and
cargoes to and from the ports. The use of other ports in the region should also be
harnessed. New ports, both proposed and in the pipeline, are expected to establish
transport links and open access to tourism destination areas. The Calatagan Port is
being developed as sister port of Tilik Port in Lubang, Occidental Mindoro. It will also
serve as gateway to San Jose, Occidental Mindoro and Calamianes group of islands in
Palawan. The development of the Batangas Container Terminal Phase III as well as
the proposal for international container port in Infanta, Quezon servicing East Asian
Region will further expand port capacity of the region. The creation of the Port
Management Office in Marquez/Quezon opens up opportunity for the development of
Polillo, Real, Mauban and San Andres ports.
The completion of two major dam and irrigation facilities of the National Irrigation
Administration (NIA) in 2017 - the Quipot and Macalelon Small Reservoir Irrigation
Project, may help increase irrigated area coverage, yield performance of palay and
income levels of farmers especially in Quezon province which has the highest
potential of agricultural land for irrigation.
The biggest project, Quipot Irrigation Project, which covers 2,800 hectares and 2,155
beneficiaries is 66.20 percent complete and is targeted to be completed by 2017. Once
completed, it will provide road network for marketing and local access, increase
Particulars 2014 2015
Allocation P148,373,751 P218,761,500
No. Of Projects 32 24
Completed 28 4
Ongoing 2 10
Funds Reverted 2 10
Accomplishment 95.30 28.37
40 |
production and farmer income, and generate employment in the area. However, the
region has to address project implementation difficulties in securing permits,
certificates as well as right-of-way issues and lack of local support.
The use of renewable energy should be continuously developed and promoted to
avoid energy shortage. Seven additional power plants in Batangas, Quezon and Rizal
provinces are expected to be operational by 2016 to 2017 Grid (Annex A). This will
expand production capacity of the region with additional 2,089 MW for the Luzon.
Problems on source development and pipeline relocation should be acted upon by
LWUA and the water districts. Close coordination with concerned entities for the
acquisition of permits needs to be done. Construction of impounding dams for water
scarce areas, such as urban centers in Cavite, and in the Bondoc Peninsula should be
considered. LWUA is expecting the completion of two foreign funded projects in
Infanta, Quezon and Mabitac, Laguna by 2016. These projects will provide better
access to potable water for the people.
The ongoing project of LWUA on water source development for LGUs will augment
water shortage during dry months. In Gumaca, Quezon, the project includes the
construction of mini-dam in Inagbuhan River and construction of three dug wells
upstream of the mini-dam. The project is implemented through the LGU using
Salintubig Fund and is expected to be completed by end of 2016.
The demand for social infrastructure will continue to increase with the continued
implementation of various priority projects of the government. The implementation
of the K to 12 Program in 2016 would entail additional school buildings/classrooms.
The implementation of BuB and HFEP will continue to serve the target stakeholders
and provide them the best social services possible.
In order to provide equitable access to quality social services, social infrastructures
must be in place. Therefore, DepEd, DOH, DPWH, DSWD and other stakeholders
should strengthen convergence in implementing their infrastructure programs.
| 41
This chapter presents the performance of the region towards achieving a resilient and
inclusive financial system. It highlights the approaches, accomplishments, prospects
and challenges of the banking system, microfinance services and cooperatives. It also
assesses the resource mobilization efforts of local government.
The year 2015 depicted significant improvement in Calabarzon’s banking system as
shown in the number of banks, bank density ratio, number of automated teller
machines (ATMs), amount of deposit liabilities, loan portfolio of banks, and number
of microfinance-oriented offices. This is attributed to the increasing number of
financial service providers willing to do business in the region as a result of
rapid urbanization.
The total number of banks operating in Calabarzon increased in 2015. From 1,566 in
2014, the region has 1,621 or 55 new banking offices in 2015 (Table 6.1). The four
percent increase is attributed to new/additional 32 universal and commercial banks
and 41 thrift banks despite the decline of 18 in the number of rural and cooperative
banks. The decrease in the number of rural and cooperative banks could be the result
of mergers and consolidation of banks to sustain operations.
Table 6.1
Number of Offices by Type of Bank, Calabarzon: 2012-2015
Area/Type of Bank 2012 2013 2014 2015 14-15
Change (%)
Calabarzon 1,406 1,509 1,566 1,621 4
Universal and Commercial
Banks
553 584 627 659 5
Thrift Banks 317 382 395 436 10
Rural and Cooperative Banks 536 543 544 526 (3)
Source: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP)
Table 6.2 shows that the provinces of Batangas, Cavite and Laguna have the most
number of banks in the region. Laguna has the most number of universal and
commercial banks and rural and cooperative banks while Cavite has the most number
of thrift banks.
42 |
Table 6.2
Number of Banks in Calabarzon by Type, by Province, 2014-2015
Province Number of
Universal &
Commercial
Banks
Number of
Thrift Banks
Number of
Rural &
Cooperative
Banks
Total Change
(%)
2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015
Batangas 126 134 104 115 121 121 351 370 5
Cavite 174 178 112 123 57 53 343 354 3
Laguna 179 188 95 104 159 157 433 449 4
Quezon 51 53 23 26 135 132 209 211 1
Rizal 97 106 61 68 72 63 230 237 3
Regional Total 627 659 395 436 544 526 1,566 1,621 4
Source: BSP Supervisory Data Center
The bank density ratio in Calabarzon is 11 percent. This means that there are 11
banks servicing per city/municipality. As shown in Table 6.3, Rizal has the highest
number of banks per city/municipality in 2014 and 2015. One more bank was added in
Rizal, Batangas and Laguna in 2015. These competing banks offer a wide range of
financial products and services such as savings, payment, credit, investment options
and financing/loan portfolio with lower interest rates to attract more clients.
Table 6.3
Bank Density Ratio in Calabarzon, 2014-2015
Province Bank Density Ratio
2014 2015
Batangas 10 11
Cavite 15 15
Laguna 14 15
Quezon 5 5
Rizal 16 17
Calabarzon 11 11
Source: BSP Supervisory Data Center
The ATMs installed in the region increased by 14 percent from 2,254 in 2014 to 2,566
machines in 2015 both on-site (those within the location of the bank) and off-site
(those beyond the location of the bank). ATMs were installed to make banking
services more accessible and available for the clients to withdraw cash, pay bills,
transfer funds and do other banking transactions any day and any time.
Among the provinces, Laguna has the most number of on-site and off-site ATMs with
792. Cavite has the highest percentage increase in the number of ATMs at 16 percent.
| 43
Table 6.4
Number of Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), 2012-2015
Type of Bank 2012 2013 2014 2015 14-15
Change (%)
Calabarzon 1,748 2,107 2,254 2,566 14
Onsite 938 1,113 1,192 1,301 9
Universal/Commercial Bank 734 860 913 978 7
Thrift Banks 167 194 207 248 20
Rural and Cooperative Banks 37 59 72 75 4
Offsite 810 994 1,062 1,265 19
Universal/Commercial Bank 720 878 936 1,099 17
Thrift Banks 89 115 125 161 29
Rural and Cooperative Banks 1 1 1 5 4
Source: BSP
Table 6.5.
Number of ATMs in Calabarzon by Type, by Province, 2014-2015
Province
Number of ATMs
on-site
Number of
ATMs off-site
Total
Change
(%)
2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015
Batangas 231 257 166 193 397 450 13
Cavite 311 332 316 394 627 726 16
Laguna 347 378 354 414 701 792 13
Quezon 105 112 54 62 159 174 9
Rizal 198 222 172 202 370 424 15
Regional Total 1,192 1,301 1,062 1,265 2,254 ,566 14 Source: BSP Supervisory Data Center
Deposit liabilities are the money that the people and companies put in banks and that
the banks have to eventually pay. Table 6.6 shows that Calabarzon posted a 16
percent increase in deposit liabilities from 2014 to 2015.
Table 6.6
Deposit Liabilities of Banks in Calabarzon by Province (in Million Pesos), 2014-2015
Province Deposits Liabilities Amount of
Increase
Change
(%) 2014 2015
Batangas 104,208.243 123,900.901 19,692.657 19
Cavite 144,383.003 168,572.396 24,189.393 17
Laguna 152,842.262 174,745.560 21,903.298 14
Quezon 46,464.554 54,312.197 7,847.643 17
Rizal 87,286.031 99,387.830 12,101.798 14
Regional Total 535,184.094 620,918.883 85,734.790 16
Source: BSP Supervisory Data Center
44 |
Batangas Province has the highest percentage increase in deposit liabilities at 19
percent. Laguna recorded the highest amount of deposits for two consecutive years
(PhP152,842.262 million in 2014 and PhP174,745.560 million in 2015) while Cavite
has the highest deposit increase of PhP24,189.393 million. The increase in deposit
liabilities indicates that the people trust the banking system to deposit their money
in banks.
Similar to deposit liabilities, loans and receivables are also comprised of both
individual and corporate accounts. Table 6.7 presents the loan portfolio of banks in
Calabarzon by province. The region recorded a 10 percent increase in the amount of
loans and receivables from PhP107 billion in 2014 to PhP117 billion in 2015. Among
the provinces, only Rizal recorded a decrease in bank loan portfolio in 2015.
Table 6.7
Loan Portfolio of Banks in Calabarzon by Province (in Million Pesos), 2014-2015
Province Loans and Receivables Amount of
Increase
Change
(%) 2014 2015
Batangas 24,031.734 27,641.003 3,609.27 15
Cavite 20,462.871 23,598.259 3,135.39 15
Laguna 32,226.333 34,772.251 2,545.92 8
Quezon 13,207.566 14,932.286 1,724.72 13
Rizal 17,547.193 16,749.478 (797.71) (5)
Total 107,475.696 117,693.278 10,217.58 10
Source: BSP Supervisory Data Center
Loan to deposit ratio pertains to the portion of deposits utilized into loans for
production or consumption purposes. Banks continued to be a major source of fund
for the production sectors which in turn generate jobs.
Table 6.8 shows that only Cavite posted the lowest loan to deposit ratio of 14.
Likewise, the rest of the provinces registered a decrease in the loan to deposit ratio
from 2014 to 2015.The decline in loan to deposit ratio could be due to the faster rate
of increase in deposit generation compared to credit provision.
Table 6.8
Loan to Deposit Ratio by Province, 2014-2015
Province Loan to Deposit Ratio
2014 2015
Batangas 23 22
Cavite 14 14
Laguna 21 20
Quezon 28 27
Rizal 20 17
Calabarzon 20 19
Source: BSP Supervisory Data Center
| 45
Microfinance institutions and cooperatives offer financial services to low income
population who cannot meet the requirements of the formal lending institutions.
Calabarzon has a total of 3,027 registered cooperatives in 2015 (Table 6.9). Majority
of the registered cooperatives are under the multi-purpose type with 1,833 members.
For 2015, two agriculture cooperatives were registered since 2009.
Table 6.9
Number of Registered Cooperatives Per Year/Type: 2009-2015
2009-2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 TOTAL
Advocacy 1 3 1 5
Agrarian 5 1 1 2 1 10
Agriculture 2 2
Consumers 80 39 25 22 24 190
Coopbank 5 5
Credit 266 48 26 29 20 389
Dairy 1 2 1 4
Federation 23 1 24
Fishermen 2 1 1 3 7
Health 3 1 4
Housing 1 1 1 3
Labor 13 1 3 2 19
Marketing 92 26 14 4 19 155
Multipurpose 1,725 24 26 39 19 1,833
Producers 85 18 14 22 29 168
Service 107 4 1 3 2 117
Transport 21 11 6 15 7 60
Union 7 2 1 10
Water 6 1 2 1 10
Worker 10 1 1 12
Total 2,453 177 120 145 132 3,027
Source: CDA-Calamba Extension Office
The Cooperative Development Authority (CDA) Region IV-A was able to meet their
annual targets in terms of number of cooperatives registered for 2013 to 2015
(Table 6.10).
Table 6.10
Number of Registered Cooperatives: 2012-2015
2012 2013 2014 2015
Actual Target Actual Target Actual Target Actual
Number of registered
cooperatives 177 100 120 75 145 80 132
Source: CDA-Calamba Extension Office
46 |
Total cooperative assets grew by 12 percent from PhP23.364 billion in 2014 to
PhP26.187 billion in 2015 (Table 6.11). The continued increase in the number of
cooperatives was the result of intensified promotional activities with the support of
government and non-government organizations. Provision of incentives like low
interest rate, short processing time of registration, and documentary requirements
that were easy to comply were the facilitating factors. The direct beneficiaries of
having more cooperatives in the region are the low-income population as
cooperatives provide employment and investment opportunities to its members.
Table 6.11
Total Cooperative Assets Based on Encoded AFS (in billion pesos)
2012 2013 2014 2015 2014-
2015
%
increase
Cooperative Assets Based on Encoded
AFS 19.596
no data
available 23.364 26.187 12
Source: CDA-Calamba Extension Office
On the other hand, microfinance-oriented banks increased from 79 offices in 2014 to
100 in 2015 (Table 6.12). While Rizal had a remarkable increase in the number of
microfinance-oriented banking offices from one in 2014 to 15 in 2015, Quezon
declined from 53 to 50 banking offices. The decline could be due to bank closures
particularly rural and cooperative banks which failed to sustain operations.
Table 6.12
Number of Microfinance-Oriented Offices by Province, 2014-2015
Source: BSP Supervisory Data Center
The revenue collections of local government units (LGUs) showed an increasing trend
from 2013 to 2015 (Table 6.13). In 2015, real property tax (RPT) collection increased
by 13 percent, business tax increased by seven percent, and economic enterprises
increased by six percent. Although collection from fees and charges decreased by one
percent in 2015 from its 2014 collection, it was still above target.
Province
Number of Microfinance-
Oriented Banking Offices
Change
(%)
2014 2015
Batangas 7 7 -
Cavite 0 0 -
Laguna 18 28 56
Quezon 53 50 (6)
Rizal 1 15 1400
Regional Total 79 100 27
| 47
Table 6.13
Revenue Type, Actual Collections, Calabarzon 2013-2015 (in million pesos)
Revenue Type 2013 2014 2013-2014
Change (%) 2015
2014-
2015
Change
(%)
Real Property Tax 9,674.85 10,993.41 14 12,462.78 13
Business Tax 7,756.10 9,006.70 16 9,673.99 7
Fees and Charges 2,692.03 3,319.88 23 3,300.27 (1)
Economic Enterprises 1,699.32 1,913.88 13 2,019.95 6
Source: Bureau of Local Government Finance (BLGF) – Calabarzon
As shown in Table 6.14, RPT targets for 2013 and 2014 showed a less than 100 percent
attainment versus actual collections in comparison with other revenue types. In 2015
RPT collections surpassed its target by PhP12.46 million attaining 101 percent in
actual collections.
Table 6.14
Revenue Type, Targets, Accomplishments, Calabarzon 2013-2015 (in million pesos)
Revenue Type 2013 2014 2015
% attained % attained Target Actual % attained
Real Property Tax 85% 95% 12,397.79 12,462.78 101%
Business Tax 130% 109% 9,289.19 9,673.99 104%
Fees and Charges 114% 130% 3,077.27 3,300.27 107%
Economic Enterprises 117% 104% 1,976.13 2,019.95 102%
Source: BLGF Calabarzon
The improvement in RPT collection was due to the conduct of frequent ocular
inspections of real properties and general review of real property assessment. Other
facilitating factors were the updating of local revenue code which includes increase in
local taxes, good maintenance of records by the LGUs, conduct of examination of
revenue and improved business processes. LGUs also conducted capability building
and financial education to assessors and treasurers. Information dissemination and
campaigns were also conducted to remind the citizens to pay their taxes on time.
Some LGUs provided incentives to taxpayers such as condonation of penalties, giving
of discounts to early payors and granting of extension on payments as part of
their strategies.
The year 2015 showed Calabarzon’s improvement in its financial system. The
challenge is to surpass its performance in the succeeding years to better serve the
needs of the people. The performance of the banking sector in the region is expected
to continue its growth as the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) aims to expand its
financial reach to include various stockholders. BSP, CDA, BLGF and the LGUs will be
pursuing their public information campaigns, financial learning programs and other
advocacies to sustain the gains of the financial sector.
48 |
This chapter assesses the performance of government agencies in improving delivery
of public service by ensuring transparency, accountability, efficiency,
competitiveness and productivity.
The Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index (CMCI) coverage expanded since
it started in 2013. The LGUs participating in the CMCI have increased from 26 in
2013, 61 in 2014 and 100 in 2016 or 70 percent of the LGUs in the region. Calabarzon
LGUs were included in the top 10 overall most competitive provinces, cities
and municipalities.
Table 7.1 shows the most competitive LGUs in Calabarzon. The most competitive
LGUs are expected to create a more business-friendly environment for the future
locators, thus creating a more vibrant economy and employment for the localities.
Table 7.1
Ranking of Calabarzon LGUs in the 2015 Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index
LGU Rank
Province
Rizal - 6th place 6th
Cavite - 9th place 9th
Component Cities Rank
Imus City, Cavite 3rd
Bacoor City, Cavite 5th
Antipolo City, Rizal 6th
Dasmarinas City, Cavite 7th
Batangas City, Batangas 10th
1st to 2nd Class Municipalities Rank
General Trias, Cavite 1st
Taytay, Rizal 3rd
Angono, Rizal 6th
3rd to 6th class Municipalities Rank
Infanta, Quezon 3rd
Pagsanjan, Laguna 7th
Taal, Batangas 8th
| 49
The LGUs were evaluated based on economic dynamism, infrastructure and
government efficiency. For Economic Dynamism and the Infrastructure pillars,
majority of the LGUs included in the top 10 were from the region. While no LGU was
included in the top 10 in the Government Efficiency pillar, the region needs to focus
its initiatives in improving efficient delivery of public service at the local and
regional levels.
As of 2015, 196 out of 273 regional line agencies were compliant with Strategic
Performance Management System (SPMS). This is a 30 percent increase compared to
the previous year. Likewise, agencies with functional SPMS doubled to 138 this year
from 66 in 2014, as a result of the effective advocacies and monitoring activities of
the Civil Service Commission (CSC). The SPMS is a tool to ensure that the employees’
performances are aligned with the objectives and priorities of the organizations.
The Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation - Enhanced Provincial
Development and Physical Framework Plans (DRR/CCA-PDPFP) have been completed
and endorsed by the Sanguguniang Panlalawigan, in 2015. The plans which provide
for the strategic and long term perspective of the province on the use of physical
resources, mainstreamed the mitigating strategies in DRR/CCA to ensure sustainable
development and build disaster-resilient communities in the region.
On the formulation of the Comprehenseive Development Plan (CLUP), 124 out of the
128 LGUs have approved CLUP. There were 36 LGUs with updated CLUPs, 21 are due
for updating in 2016, 46 have completed modular trainings or with consultants, while
24 need continuing modular trainings. The CLUP contains strategic directions on the
spatial dimension and on the utilization of physical resources of the cities
and municipalities.
From 2013-2015, 100 percent of the LGUs have prepared their Executive and
Legislative Agenda (ELA). The LGUs were mandated to prepare their ELAs to guide
both the executive and legislative local officials on the priority programs, projects
and activities to be implemented within their three year term of office based on the
Comprehensive Development Plan. The Department of the Interior and Local
Government (DILG) monitored the status of implementation of the ELAs on a
quarterly basis.
The Annual Investment Plans 2015 were submitted by all LGUs and used by DILG as a
tool to monitor utilization of resources.
50 |
The region exerted its effort to mainstream Gender and Development (GAD) in the
local Plan and Budget. All the LGUs have submitted GAD Plan and Budget for CY
2014 to CY 2015. Likewise, 147 LGUs have submitted the GAD Annual Report for CY
2013 and CY 2014. Validation of 2015 GAD Annual Report is still on going. For CY
2016, 68 of the 147 LGUs have already submitted their GAD Plan and Budget to DILG
for review.
All LGUs have designated GAD Focal Point System. However, only 102 LGUs have
GAD Codes and only 66 have established their GAD database system.
The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Region IV-A in 2014 reported that 117
LGUs have streamlined their Business Permit and Licensing System. The number
increased to 123 LGUs in 2015, All the LGUs validated are compliant with the
standard number of signatories for both new and renewal applicants and consistent
with the requirements of the Anti-Red Tape Act.
However, most of the validated LGUs were not compliant with the standard steps in
both renewal and new applications. The reasons cited non-compliance the were
unaccessibility of internet connection, lack of personnel, no permanent position for
Business Permit and Licensing Office, and increase in volume of registrants. There
were still LGUs not using the BPLS unified form.
According to the report of the CSC in 2014 of the compliance of RLA to the Anti-Red
Tape Act, 14 got Excellent rating, 66 Good, 12 Acceptable, 4 Failed, and 0
Outstanding. While in 2015, 10 have Excellent rating, 74 Good, 7 Acceptable, 1 Failed,
and 0 Outstanding. The number of RLAs with Excellent, and Acceptable ratings
decreased, however, the number of RLAs with Good, and Failed have improved. The
CSC continues to advocate for the compliance of the RLAs to the Anti-Red Tape Act
to ensure better public service to the population.
The DILG Region IV-A reported that in 2015, all 4,011 barangays in Calabarzon were
assessed for the Lupon Tagapamayapa Incentives and Awards. The award system
recognizes the barangays with excellent performance in resolving disputes within
their communities. Each winner received PhP50,000 cash prize. The following were
the winners in four categories:
| 51
Barangay Marketview, Lucena City - Highly Urbanized City
Barangay Molino III, Bacoor City, Cavite - Component City
Barangay Manggahan, Gen. Trias, Cavite - 1st to 3rd Class Municipality
Barangay Bataan, Sampaloc, Quezon - 4th to 6th Class Municipality
The Seal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) is a scaled-up version of the Seal of Good
Housekeeping (SGH). In 2015, there are a total of 26 LGUs were conferred with the
SGLG at the Development Academy of the Philippines, Tagaytay City, Cavite. All the
LGUs including Provincial Offices were assessed. The LGUs confered were the
Province of Batangas, Bacoor City and Imus City in Cavite, Calamba City and San
Pablo City in Laguna, and Lucena City, Quezon and Municipalities of Agoncillo, San
Nicolas, Taysan, and San Luis in Batangas, Carmona and General Mariano Alvarez in
Cavite, Pakil, Pila, Rizal, San Pedro, and Santa Maria in Laguna, Agdangan,
Candelaria, Gumaca, Real, and Sampaloc in Quezon, Angono, Binangonan, Taytay,
and Teresa in Rizal.
With the extensive requirements for the SGLG, there were fewer LGUs conferred with
the seal compared with the SGH.
An increasing trend in the number of LGUs that are fully compliant with the Full
Disclosure Policy (FDP) Portal Posting was reported, from 89% in 2013, 93% in 2014,
and 96% in 2015. The posting of documents in the portal it is one of the requirements
to avail of loans and conferment of the SGLG.
The LGUs are required by the law to engage the Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in
crafting programs and projects that will ensure inclusivity of the marginalized sector.
The CSOs comprised 50 percent of the membership of the Local Poverty Reduction
Action Team. The 142 LGUs were able to prepare their Local Poverty Reduction
Action Plan in 2015 from only 52 LGUs in 2014.
The targets for the Cities with Citizen Satisfaction Survey were identified by the DILG
Central Office. From 2013 to 2015, all the LGUs passed the satisfaction survey. In
2015, there were 10 cities assessed which include Cavite City, Trece Martires City,
Imus City, Tagaytay City, Dasmariñas City, and Bacoor City for Cavite province, San
Pablo City and San Pedro in City for Laguna, and Tayabas City for Quezon.
52 |
According to the Department of Justice-Parole and Probation Administration (DOJ-
PPA) Region IV-A, there was a decreasing trend in the number of the rehabilitation
interventions conducted during the past three years. There were 29,696 in 2013,
26,216 in 2014, and 19,096 interventions conducted in 2015. The number of
complaint clients under supervision, likewise, decreased from 3,712 in 2013, 3,572 in
2014, and 2,387 in 2015.
The decrease was attributed with the implementation oof Republic Act 9165 or the
“Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002” making drug offenses no longer
probationable. The interventions for the rehabilitation of clients were strengthened
with the adoption of the rehabilitation programs and the support given by some LGUs
which helped the DOJ-PPA Region IV-A sustain the implementation of the
harmonized program in rehabilitating the clients holistically and making them
productive individuals of the society.
One of the challenges facing the region is improving government efficiency by
creating business friendly environment and ease doing business to attract
investments and generate employment opportunities in the region.
The region has targeted to include all the local government units in the 2016 Cities
and Municipalities Index Survey. The Regional Competitiveness Committee has to
focus its advocacy on improving the existing systems and procedures towards
competitiveness and productivity.
The region has to intensify advocacies and monitoring efforts related to addressing
anti-corruption. Implementation and monitoring of the Full Disclosure Policy to
barangay level and improvements to SGLG and other programs that would encourage
transparency, accountability and efficiency has to be pursued.
| 53
The target poverty incidence among population was not met. The situation, however,
improved as poverty incidence declined from 14.3 percent in 2012 to 13.4 percent in
2015. Despite the decline, Calabarzon failed to breach the 2006 poverty incidence of
13.1 percent and some sectors of society were not able to fully benefit from the
economic growth.
This chapter discusses the regional performance in improving access to quality basic
services including health and nutrition, education, social protection, housing, and
asset reform. The assessment of these sub-sectors explains the progress in poverty
reduction and reveals the factors behind the existing pockets of poverty. The final
section presents the challenges and prospects in social development.
The region attained its target on: 1) infant mortality rate; 2) under 5 mortality rate; 3)
prevalence of underweight and severely underweight preschool children; 4) malaria
mortality; 5) malaria morbidity; 6) tuberculosis case detection; and 7) tuberculosis
success rate.
On the other hand, the proportion of births attended by health professionals did not
meet the target of 90 percent and barely increased from 87 percent in 2014 to 88
percent in 2015. Likewise, the target proportion of births delivered in the facility was
not achieved but rose from 80 percent to 84 percent in the same period. With these
marginal increases, the target maternal mortality per 100,000 live births was not
attained and recorded a surge from 50 in 2014 to 76 in 2015.
Meanwhile, the region attained its target infant mortality and under-five mortality
rates per 1,000 live births through the implementation of new born screening, the
Breast Feeding Act and proper infant care, among others.
Figure 8.1. Infant and under five mortality rate decreased per 1,000 live births, 2012-2015
Data Source: DOH Region IV-A
7.5 7 7 9 7.8 8 10 13
22 22 22 25 25 25
0
10
20
30
2012 InfantMortality
2013 InfantMortality
2014 InfantMortality
2015 InfantMortality
2012 Underfive mortality
2013 Underfive mortality
2014 Underfive mortality
2015 Underfive mortality
Actual Target
54 |
However, there were slight increases in both indicators from 2014 to 2015. The region
also registered low performance in terms of 1 year old fully immunized children
which may be attributed to immunized children that were not reported by
private hospitals.
Malnutrition is considered by the World Health Organization as the most important
threat to health. Hence, Calabarzon aims to decrease the prevalence of underweight
and severely underweight children (0-71 months) as well as the prevalence of over
nutrition. The target prevalence of underweight and severely underweight pre-school
children in Calabarzon was met. The figure decreased from 7 percent in 2014 to 5
percent in 2015 which may be due to the implementation of feeding program and 4Ps,
among others. In terms of over nutrition, the region still fell short of the target and
hardly improved from 2.15 percent in 2014 to 2.08 percent in 2015. The proliferation
of fast food chains, unhealthy food choices and high stress environment are among
the identified causes of over nutrition in the region.
The region did not meet its target contraceptive prevalence rate of 65 percent but
showed improvement from 33 percent in 2014 to 40 percent in 2015. This may be due
to various IEC and advocacy activities of the Department of Health (DOH) and
Commission on Population (POPCOM). However, there is still a need to intensify
advocacy on responsible parenthood and family planning program with the non-
achievement of targets which may be rooted in religious beliefs. Improving
contraceptive prevalence may also help address the concern on HIV/AIDS as cases
increased from 867 in 2014 to 1267 in 2015. The increase in cases may be attributed
to the region’s proximity to Metro Manila, and the existence of ports that is also
identified for HIV cases. The recorded increase may also be a result of strengthened
reporting system at the LGU level as well as the HIV/AIDS prevention and early
detection campaign.
In terms of combatting tuberculosis, the increase in cases detection resulted in
improved TB success rate/cure rate from 89 percent in 2014 to 91 percent in 2015.
There were no cases of malaria mortality and morbidity in the region from 2014 to
2015. The region aims to be declared malaria free by sustaining zero malaria
incidence for five consecutive years.
In general, the region attained 7 out of the 22 targets in health and nutrition. This
may be due to the insufficient health manpower at the local level. The region has yet
to achieve the standard ratio for doctors, nurses and midwives despite the increase in
employed health personnel. While there are vacancies for doctors, nurses and
midwives in the region, there are few applicants despite the competitive salary of
government health personnel.
| 55
Basic Education
The improvement in access to basic education brought about by the Enhanced Basic
Education Act and the Kinder Basic Education Act, as measured through net
enrolment ratio was not sustained in 2014. The target ratio in kindergarten,
elementary and secondary was not achieved. The target deficit was highest in
secondary at 13.77 and lowest in elementary at 3.19 percent. The biggest net
enrollment ratio decline was in kindergarten at three percent. In elementary, the
ratio only decreased by 0.46 percent. It also recorded the highest ratio among the
three levels in 2014 at 91.91 percent.
Figure 8.2. Net enrollment ratio in kindergarten, elementary and secondary, 2012-2014
Data source: Department of Education (DepEd) Region IV-A
The implementation of the cut-off age of five years old may have caused the low net
enrollment ratio in kindergarten. The option for kids of kindergarten age to undergo
informal early education through daycares funded by the Department of Social
Welfare and Development (DSWD) or LGUs may have also contributed.
The big target deficit in net enrollment ratio in secondary may be explained by
various factors cited in the 2011 Annual Poverty Indicators Survey. Employment
stands as the top reason for not attending school in Calabarzon among population 6-
24 years old (38.9 percent). Three other highly cited reasons are high cost of
education (16.2%), lack of personal interest (15.3%), and early marriage (10.5%)
which was predominant among females.
The lack of interest may stem from informational constraints on parents' lack of
appreciation of the socioeconomic returns of education. To address this, the
Alternative Learning System (ALS) was implemented. However, the enrollment rate
under the ALS is not included in the net enrollment ratio except for its 'Alternative
65.25%
91.30%
88.30%
88.50% 92.37% 91.91%
68.21% 70.13%
68.33%
79.30%
89.70%
94.10% 95.10%
76.40%
82.10%
50.00%
55.00%
60.00%
65.00%
70.00%
75.00%
80.00%
85.00%
90.00%
95.00%
100.00%
Kinder 2012 2013 2014 Elem 2012 2013 2014 Secon 2012 2013 2014
Actual Target
56 |
Delivery Mode' component which is considered as formal education. In 2014, 23,804
students were registered under the ALS.
On a positive note, the internal efficiency of schools improved as their capacity to
retain students and produce graduates increased. The cohort survival rate in
elementary exceeded the target by 14.03 percent and rose by 11.84 percent from 2013
to 2014. Cohort survival rate in secondary though slightly lower at 89.31 percent, also
surpassed the target by 7.21 percent and improved by 6.64 percent during the same
period. Topping the targets, Calabarzon posted completion rates of 95.71 percent in
elementary and 86.00 percent in secondary.
The conditional cash transfer program may have helped keep children in schools.
Household beneficiaries may receive up to PhP15,000 every year for five years if they
comply with the conditions, one of which is “children-beneficiaries aged 3-18 must
enroll in school, and maintain an attendance of at least 85 percent of class days
every month”.
Child protection policies including the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 may also account for
the improvement in student retention and completion. School partnerships with
LGUs, private sector and alumni associations to implement feeding programs, school
supplies distribution and school facilities upgrading may have also contributed to
the improvement.
While schools’ internal efficiency progressed, much has still to be done to uplift basic
education quality in the region. Target achievement rates in both elementary and
secondary have been constantly unachieved since 2012. The achievement rate in
secondary was 22.35 percent short of the target and dipped from 49.08 in 2013 to
44.45 percent in 2014. The rate in elementary though higher, still fell below the target
by 15.11 percent and declined from 59.82 percent in 2013 to 57.89 percent in 2015.
Figure 8.3. Achievement rate in elementary and secondary, 2012-2014
Data Source: DepEd Region IV-A
65.96%
59.82% 57.89%
49.01% 49.08% 44.45%
72.50% 73.00%
62.70% 66.80%
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
80.00%
Elementary 2012 2013 2014 Secondary 2012 2013 2014
Actual Target
| 57
Technical Vocational Education and Training
Calabarzon performed well in terms of Technical Vocational Education and Training
(TVET) as it exceeded its targets on (a) enrolment, (b) graduates, (c) person assessed,
(d) person certified and (e) certification rate.
Target TVET enrolment and graduation rates were surpassed by 42,099 enrollees and
51,940, respectively. TVET enrollment rate also improved by 12 percent in 2015.
Likewise, the graduation rate also improved by 11 percent during the same period.
The number of persons assessed under TVET exceeded the target and recorded an
increase of 28 percent from 2014 to 2015. This may be an indication of the public’s
growing appreciation of the value of certification to affirm skilled workers’
competence in their respective fields. Various promotion and advocacy activities like
provincial motorcades and job fairs may have helped heighten the public’s
appreciation. Tapping popular TVET champions to show the potential of TVET to
produce successful graduates with the capability to uplift their families’ condition
was also a notable initiative.
Of the 169,242 persons assessed, 88.8 percent passed the certification. While this rate
is higher than the 2015 target of 84 percent, it is slightly lower than the 2014
accomplishment of 89.2 percent. It may also be noted that the certification rate has
declined in 2015 due to more stringent requirements.
Figure 8.4. Number of persons assessed and certified, 2012-2015
Data Source: TESDA Region IV-A
Higher Education
Calabarzon higher education institutions (HEIs) increasingly produce graduates.
However, enhancing the quality of higher education remains a challenge.
The number of HEI graduates in 2015 exceeded the target by 13.20 percent and
increased by 2 percent from 2014. This may be attributable to the high number of
Student Financial Assistance Program (StuFAP) recipients at 11,020. A range of
81.7%
87.1%
89.2% 88.8%
76.0%
78.0%
80.0%
82.0%
84.0%
86.0%
88.0%
90.0%
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
2012 2013 2014 2015
Persons assessed
Persons certified
Certification rate
58 |
StuFAP options are available to students – from full, partial and private school
scholarships to grants-in-aid like the the Tulong Dunong Program, and to student
loans. It should be noted, however, that while this means topping the 2015 StuFAP
target by 1,036 percent, it also represents a 76.28 percent decrease from last year.
StuFAP slot allocation across regions is centrally determined by the Commission on
Higher Education (CHED) depending on student population and available funding. As
funds were limited in 2015, the slot allocation decreased in the region.
Looking at higher education quality indicators, graduates may be increasing but may
face the risk of unemployment or underemployment. Program accreditation, a quality
assurance mechanism to pressure HEIs to constantly improve, fell short of the target
by 17.51 percent. Likewise, the number of HEIs with accredited programs in 2015
dipped by 63.16 percent from 2014. This may be attributable to the voluntary nature
of accreditation and the high cost it entails. The financial assistance ranging from
PhP100,000 to PhP500,000 extended by CHED helped some HEIs undergo
accreditation. Others may still find the assistance insufficient considering the
corresponding cost of upgrading facilities, enhancing instructional materials and
developing capabilities of faculty.
Progress in faculty development in terms of PhD attainment was reduced by the
substantial decline in MA attainment. The number of higher education faculty with
PhD surpassed the target by 3.65 percent and grew by 14.30 percent from last year.
On the other hand, higher education faculty with MA degree was 69.40 percent less
than the target and dropped by 66.26 percent from 2014. While faculty development
plans are implemented, the scholarship slots available in the region are limited.
On a positive note, for the first time in three years, the Center of Excellence Programs
increased from 11 to 14 while the Center of Development Programs increased from 10
to 12. The region surpassed the targets in both indicators.
The region’s 2015 poverty incidence among population of 13.4 is below the national
poverty incidence of 26.3. This may partly be a result of the achievement of all social
protection targets in Calabarzon. However, Quezon recorded a poverty incidence of
28.2 percent which is higher than the national poverty incidence. Six municipalities
of Quezon exhibited signs of chronic poverty with four municipalities registering
poverty incidence greater than 50 percent.
The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) or the conditional cash transfer is
the flagship program and strategy of the Aquino administration in reducing poverty.
The program, which started in 2008, provides cash grants to poor households to allow
them meet some of the human development goals i.e. access to basic education and
improved health, among others. Based on the National Household Targeting System
for Poverty Reduction (NHTS-PR) survey results, the program has served 328,256
poor households in Calabarzon from 2014 to 2015.
| 59
To accelerate poverty reduction, the government implemented the Accelerated and
Sustainable Anti-Poverty Program (ASAPP). The ASAPP is a convergence of efforts of
different government agencies to provide livelihood and employment opportunities.
The ASAPP was pilot-tested in the municipalities of Quezon. The ASAPP team,
composed of DOLE, BFAR, TESDA, DTI, DepEd, DENR, DSWD, DOH, DOT, DPWH,
DA, DAR, DOST, DILG, PCA and NNC, provided interventions in Quezon amounting
to P459,499,483.70. Some of the assistance were the DOLE’s Special Program for
Employment of Students and Integrated Livelihood and Emergency Program which
gave a financial assistance amounting to P 9,077,614 and the BFAR’s aquaculture-
related services, such as establishment of community fish landing centers, fish
sanctuaries, ports and wharves, and provision of boats, among others. BFAR’s
assistance amounted to P28.764 million. TESDA provided trainings which resulted to
certification of 775 trainees. The Shared Service Facility Program and Negosyo Center
of DTI under the ASAPP also assisted 779 beneficiaries, while DepEd aid in the hiring
of additional 175 teachers. Other agencies such as DSWD, DOST, DOH, DA and DAR
also allotted funds under the program. DOT and DPWH, on the other hand,
committed the project completion of roads and bridges to promote eco and agri-
tourism in the localities and island municipalities.
DOLE assisted 13,525 youth by bridging employment and provided emergency
employment and livelihood assistance to 5,992 workers. A strategy used by the
agency was the assistance using the Bottom-up-Budgeting wherein 4,147 workers in
the formal sector were provided emergency employment and income augmentation.
DOLE was also able to assist a total of 303 distressed OFWs while OWWA aid
provision of scholarships to 868 OFWs, livelihood assistance to 273 OFWs, death and
burial assistance to 485 OFWs and dismemberment assistance to 62 OFWs. The
number of OFWs who are OWWA members also increased to 24,368 from the 22,327
members in 2014.
The RDC executed the Strengthening, Up scaling, Mainstreaming International
Migration and Development (SUMMID) in Calabarzon Project which aims to provide
socio-economic empowerment and social protection for OFs and their families left
behind. The project was able to train 600 OFs and their family members and trainers
from the LGUs on family and income management, entrepreneurship and
management, case management, reintegration planning and counseling and setting
up of one-stop migration resource centers as well as creation of provincial and
municipal committees on migration and development (M&D). The one-stop
migration resource centers present in each of the five provinces are now fully
operational providing socio-economic and psychosocial services for migrants and
their families. To sustain the initiatives of the SUMMID project, the LGUs are now in
the front line of providing services by creating the one-stop migration resource
centers which they directly fund. The LGUs are also encouraged to mainstream M&D
into their local development plans and budget. To improve the economic and health
conditions of the indigent senior citizens, DSWD continue to provide a P 500 monthly
60 |
cash grant to eligible senior citizens under the Expanded Senior Citizen Act. In 2015,
a total of 72,285 beneficiaries were able to access the social pension which amounted
to P126,650,000.
The total Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) scope in Calabarzon
covers 212,670 hectares of land. As of 2015, 187,821 hectares or 88% of the target
area for distribution to Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries in the provinces of Batangas,
Cavite, Laguna, Quezon I, Quezon II and Rizal have been distributed. With this,
agrarian reform progressed in 2015 but not in the desired pace. DAR Region IV-A was
not able to meet its 2015 land acquisition and distribution target having able to
distribute only 3,460.52 hectares out of its total target of 6,209 hectares, equivalent
to a 56 percent accomplishment. Comparatively, the 2015 performance declined from
the previous year when 6,747 hectares of land were distributed in the region.
Figure 8.5. Hectares of land distributed under CARP, 2013-2015
Data Source: DAR Region IV-A
The 56 percent accomplishment in 2015 is due to the land acquisition and
distribution process that goes through four milestones: Milestone No. 1 - Claim
Folder Preparation and Documentation; Milestone No. 2 - Survey; Milestone No. 3 -
Valuation; and Milestone No. 4 - EP/CLOA Registration. Accomplishment in land
distribution is recorded only when the Emancipation Patents and Certificate of Land
Ownership Awards are issued. The targeted landholdings for 2015 that were
processed by DAR and reached Milestone 3 were not included in the accomplishment.
Across provinces, only Batangas exceeded its target. The 2015 accomplishment rate is
relatively low as most of the lands left for distribution are problematic.
The regional accomplishment in housing met the target and increased in 2015. This
was largely due to improved financing terms. More members were encouraged by the
decreasing interest rate as well as the improved processes. The 16 percent interest
5,061
6,747
3,469
5,061
10,211
13,280 100%
66%
26%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
2013 2014 2015
Actual
Target
Accomplishment rate
| 61
rate in 2008 went down to 6.5 percent in 2015. In addition, accredited developers
assisted members in the loan application.
However, the combined performance of the Pag-IBIG Fund and Social Housing
Finance Corporation in socialized housing declined from 4,643 in 2014 to 4,627 in
2015. This was due to the 33 percent decrease in the number of informal settler
families assisted by the Social Housing Finance Corporation from 2,709 in 2014 to
1,816 in 2015. Accordingly, the loans for socialized housing also fell by 30 percent at
PhP 100.7 million in 2015. Financial barriers discouraged informal settler families in
availing socialized housing. Transfer of title, including the payment for surveyors
were among the expenses that beneficiaries have to pay on their own.
Weak organizations also surfaced as a problem as some community associations
lacked savings required for cash deposit. Processes in other community associations
were also put on hold as more than 10 percent of the community members were
considered recalcitrant. This may be attributed to the insufficient number of
Community Mortgage Program mobilizers in the region. The mobilizers are Social
Housing Finance Corporation-accredited government or non-government
organizations working with communities of informal settlers to assist, organize and
prepare communities to participate in the program.
Assistance under socialized housing is demand-driven or determined by application
from communities rather than needs-based. Hence, the program does not respond to
actual housing backlog as reflected in the estimates of informal settlers.
In terms of local shelter plans, 33 LGUs were assisted in the preparation. This meant
exceeding the 2015 target by 22 percent and the previous year's accomplishment by
175 percent. A key factor was the strong collaboration with the DILG in implementing
the mandamus to clean up Manila Bay. DILG intervened to increase LGU compliance
with the mandamus which involved the formulation of LSPs.
The region can decrease maternal mortality, infant mortality and under-five
mortality by strengthening the maternal health program, increasing the number of
birthing facilities and continuously implementing new born screening. The region
also hopes to be a malaria-free region through maintaining zero malaria case in
the provinces.
Improving the quality of education is a challenge particularly with the K to 12
implementation in 2016. The impact may manifest in a few years’ time as the first
batch of Grade 6 and Grade 12 under K to 12 will graduate in 2018 while the first
batch of learners who went through the full K to 12 12 Program will graduate in 2024.
The reorganization of the Social Housing Finance Corporation presents opportunities
in improving socialized housing. The election of new local officials presents
challenges and opportunities for reforms in government.
62 |
Calabarzon sustained a generally peaceful environment in 2015. Internal conflict-
affected barangays have been continuously decreasing since 2013 and a growing
number of former rebels have been reintegrated into society through government
programs and projects. The Police Regional Office (PRO) Calabarzon adopted
programmatic and sustainable approaches to combat criminality, which resulted to a
notable decrease in crime incidence.
This chapter assesses the status and accomplishment in terms of maintaining peace
and security in the region.
The Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process (OPAPP) and the Armed
Forces of the Philippines reported a decreasing number of internal conflict-affected
barangays from 15 barangays in 2013 down to three in 2015, all in Quezon province.
OPPAP has identified the municipalities of Catanauan, Mulanay, Buenavista, San
Narciso and San Francisco as affected by and vulnerable to conflict. These are
contiguous municipalities at the southern tip of Quezon province which have poverty
incidence greater than 20 percent based on the 2012 Small Area Poverty Estimates.
Figure 9.1. Quezon Small Area Poverty Estimates, 2012.
| 63
The decrease in the number of conflict-affected areas in Quezon province could be a
result of the convergence efforts of government in delivering reintegration programs
and basic social services such as Comprehensive Local Integration Program, Bottom-
Up Budgeting, Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) and the PAyapa at
MAsaganang PamanayaNAn (PAMANA).
PAMANA is a program for peacebuilding offered to conflict-affected areas to improve
the quality of life in these areas. OPPAP reported 39 former rebels enrolled in the
PAMANA program, a 34 percent increase from 29 former rebels reported in 2013. The
decrease could be attributed to the effective implementation of Comprehensive Local
Integration Program, a national reintegration program for rebels aimed at achieving
peaceful and permanent closure of all armed conflict with non-stategroups.
In addition, DSWD has provided water supply, conditional cash grants through the
4Ps and community livelihood to conflict-affected areas and other municipalities
with high poverty incidence in Quezon province.
There was a notable decrease in total crime volume, from 75,884 in 2014 to 64,463 in
2015, a 15.05 percent decrease. This could be attributed to the improved crime
prevention. The crime incidents based on the Philippine National Police (PNP) blotter
cases reported a total of 46,848 or 72.67 percent of the total crime volume. Of the
crime volume 15,074 or 32.18 percent were index crimes while 31,774 or 67.82
percent were non-index crimes (Figure 9.2). Of the 46,848 crime incidents, 24,381
were cleared thereby attaining a 47.79 percent Crime Clearance Efficiency, a decrease
of 11.23 percent from the recorded Crime Clearance Efficiency last year. Cases solved
reported were 14,683 attaining a 34.14 percent Crime Solution Efficiency, a decrease
of 0.93 percent.
Figure 9.2. Comparative Crime Volume, Calabarzon 2014-2015
44,625 46,848
815 942
30,444 16,673
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
Jan to Dec 2014 Jan to Dec 2015
BRGY
LEA
PNP BLOTTER
11,421
(15.05%)
64 |
Figure 9.3. Distribution of Index Crimes from PNP Blotter, Calabarzon, 2015.
The PNP continues its effort to improve crime prevention. About 789,906 police
integrated patrols were mobilized as part of the intensified implementation of Police
Integrated Patrol System. The implementation of Oplan Katok have resulted to a
significant reduction of loose firearms, increase in number of house visitation for
unrenewed firearms and increase in number of physically accounted unrenewed
firearm licenses. The intensified implementation of “Bantay Turista” has increased
the number of police assistance rendered to tourists. This program ensures safer
environment for tourists, which may have contributed to the increase of tourist
arrivals in the region.
Calabarzon is faced with the problem on illegal drugs. As of January 2016, the
Calabarzon Regional Drug Situationer from the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
reported 2,025 out of 4,011 or 59 percent of barangays in Region IV-A were affected
by illegal drugs.
In 2015, PRO Calabarzon started implementing the Oplan Lambat Sibat as a tool to
prevent and suppress crimes by fortifying its mobile patrol operations and going after
most wanted criminals. After its implementation in April 2015, PRO Calabarzon
registered a reduction of crime incidents from 2,774 in the 1st quarter of 2015 to 2,527
in the 2nd quarter of the same year for the focused crimes such as murder, homicide,
theft, robbery, and carnapping of motor vehicles and motorcycles. In the same period,
PRO Calabarzon has arrested a total of 363 most wanted persons, and 71 members of
criminal gangs that are included in the priority target list.
Disasters are threat to peace and security as it affects the environment and the
community. Its severity and scale result to economic and social instability of the
region. As a mitigating measure, the Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Council (DRRMC) through the Office of Civil Defense Region IV-A has
Physical Injury 23.15%
Robbery 16.70%
Carnapping 10.74%
Murder 9.59%
Rape 9.25%
Homicide 1.88%
Rustling 0.18%
Theft 28.51%
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been actively promoting Disaster Risk Reduction Management (DRRM). In 2015, OCD
was able to train 88,126 individuals on DRRM. All the LGUs at the provincial, city and
municipality levels have completed their respective DRRM Plans.
The efforts of the regional and local DRRMCs resulted to significant decrease in the
annual damages and losses brought by the natural disasters. Typhoon Glenda in 2014
costs at least PHP 8.88 billion damages while Typhoon Nona in 2015 costs at least
PHP 218,992,326.8 damages. U.S. military's Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)
declared typhoon Glenda a category-4 with maximum sustained winds of 213
kilometer per hour, while typhoon Nona a category-3 equivalent, assigning the storm
maximum sustained winds of 209 kilometer per hour.
The priority of the incoming administration to decrease crime and corruption and
resume peace talks with rebel groups sets a high expectation to improve the peace
and order situation in Calabarzon. The PRO Calabarzon started to take a tough stance
against criminality especially against illegal drugs. The PRO Calabarzon will be
implementing a 3-point agenda on illegal drugs. The plan includes: a) vigorous
operations that identify, locate and neutralize targets; launch crackdown operations;
massive application of search warrants (using the ‘one-time, big time’ approach); and
conduct buy-bust operations; b) gain community support through employment of
Information-Box System, a reward system, and generation of Barangay Anti-Drugs
Abuse Council Watchlist; and c) tough stance in law and enforcement and capability
building which will focus on: (a) internal cleansing; case tracking on drug cases
handled by police officers; review of cases filed against erring police; neutralization
of identified user, pusher, protector, coddle; and regular random drug test of
personnel; (b) performance-based assessment of field commanders through weekly
monitoring and performance audit of accomplishments, provincial directors to
implement appropriate sanctions against non-performing Chiefs of Police, and
initiate reward system; and (c) strengthening of anti-illegal drug unit/s through
selective recruitment off personnel, and competency training.
Despite the active campaign against crime, Calabarzon sees the need for a more
convergent approach to sustain a peaceful environment conducive to growth
and development.
66 |
This chapter discusses the elements of the environment in the region, such as forest,
land and water bodies. The prospects of environment and natural resources in the
region are discussed at the end of the chapter.
The forest cover of Calabarazon has increased by 73,248 hectares from 269,656
hectares in 2012 to 342,904 hectares in 2015 through the National Greening Program
(NGP) of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). In 2015, a
total of 22,959,850 seedlings have been planted in 22,009 hectares in NGP areas in
Calabarzon with an 88 percent survival rate. Quezon has the highest number of
seedlings (35,053,725) and area planted (42,376 hectares) followed by Rizal with
19,803,048 seedlings and total area planted of 30,217 hectares.
Table 10.1
Management of forest resources and protected areas in Calabarzon, 2012 to 2015
Indicators 2012 2013 2014 2015
Open and denuded forest land area
reforested reduced (ha)
10,700 28,554 23,035 22,009
Forestland with forest cover
increased (ha)
269,656 298,210 321,245 342,904
Timber poaching hotspots
6 0 Decreasing Decreasing
Mangrove area rehabilitated (ha)
- 1,000 823 2,721
Number of costal area with
biodiversity conserved
- 11 14 62
Terrestrial protected areas (PAs)
100% 100% 100% 100%
Marine PAs (LGU designated)
4% 2% 2% 2%
Area of degraded coral reefs in
NIPAs marine PA rehabilitated (ha)
- 2,724 2,724 8,000
Percent of classified caves
effectively managed by LGUs
- - 43% 36%
Source: DENR Region IV-A
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67
Open and denuded forest land area has been reduced by 6,545 hectares from 2013 to
2015 while the total mangrove area rehabilitated increased significantly to 2,721
hectares. As of 2015, the region has achieved 72 percent of its target reforested
mangrove area of 3,766 hectares in 2016.
As of 2015, a total of 90,659 hectares have been reforested which is 88.40 percent of
the targeted 102,560 hectares to be reforested by the end of 2016. Although forest
cover has been increasing in the past years, the main challenge is to ensure the
growth and survival of planted seedlings.
In 2015, 5,803 beneficiaries were given land titles in public alienable and disposal
agricultural lands. Although the number of beneficiaries decreased compared to 2012
to 2014, DENR was still able to exceed its target from 2013 to 2015 which was set to
be lower in later years given that most beneficiaries have been reached earlier.
Meanwhile, 4,097 beneficiaries were given land titles in residential areas in 2015.
Similar to beneficiaries of tenure in agricultural lands, DENR was still able to exceed
its target from 2013 to 2015.
Table 10.2
Secured land tenure in agricultural A&D and residential lands, 2012 to 2015
Indicators 2012 2013 2014 2015
Number of beneficiaries with
secured land tenure in public
agricultural A&D lands completed
by 2015
6,906 6,389 5,812 5,803
Number of beneficiaries with
secured land tenure in residential
lands zoned as residential areas
6,257 2,747 3,911 4,097
Source: DENR Region IV-A
Typhoon Nona followed shortly by the Northeast Monsoon brought continuous
rainfall, triggered landslides and flooding in the region in December 2015. A total of
102,479 individuals in nine cities and 58 municipalities were affected and there were
17 reported deaths. Damages and losses were estimated at PhP 219 million with
Quezon accounting for 57 percent. Damages to infrastructure amounted to PhP 132
million, agriculture and livelihood activities PhP 87 million and PhP 47,400 to
the environment.
68 |
The Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Nona was endorsed by the RDC to
the NDRRMC and agency central offices for funding in the first quarter of 2016. The
initial funding requirement of the plan is estimated at around PhP 761 million.
The mainstreaming of DRR/CCA into local development plans for included
orientation of local chief executives and legislators and the launching of three
Manuals on Disaster Preparedness on response to natural and man-made calamities.
In 2016, DILG’s Oplan Listo will be rolled out in the community and household level.
All LGUs have approved Local DRRM Plan. In addition, 116 LGUs have approved Local
Climate Change Action Plans (LCCAP) while 134 LGUs have Disaster Contingency
Plans. OCD conducted workshops on Contingency Plan Formulation for LGUs in
major river basins.
Table 10.3
Impacts of disasters and LGUs with approved DRRM Plans, 2012-2015
Indicator 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source
Annual damages and losses
due to natural disasters,
environmental hazards,
human induced and hydro-
meteorological events
reduced (in pesos)
- (No data) P 8.88
billion1
P 218.99
million2
RDRRMC
Loss of lives and causalities
due to natural disasters
reduced
- (No data) 751 172 RDRRMC
Number of LGUs with
approved local DRRM Plan
increased
- (No data) 141 142 cities and
municipalities,
5 provinces
(100%)
OCD, LGU
Notes:
1: Partial data based on Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan (RRP) for Typhoon Glenda Affected Areas
2: Partial data based on RRP for Typhoon Nona and Northeast Monsoon Affected Areas
Source: OCD Region IV-A
Reduction of wastes, particularly domestic or household wastes, is a major challenge
in Calabarzon due to its fast urbanization and increasing population. Out of 142
LGUs, only 29 have approved Solid Waste Management plans.
The region has not achieved its target on closing all open dumpsites and controlled
disposal facilities by 2014. As of 2015, the region still has 38 open dumpsites, 37
controlled disposal facilities and only 10 sanitary landfills. There are still open
dumpsites, controlled disposal facilities and illegal waste disposal facilities in the
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69
region due to constraints on financial and technical capacity and non-prioritization
of LGUs. LGUs are also hesitant to host sanitary landfills because of negative
perceptions on its effects to health and unattractiveness. On hazardous waste monitoring, EMB has reached its target of monitored industries
under chemical control order, treatment storage disposal facilities, healthcare wastes
generators monitored and exceeded its target on the number of monitored generators
with hazardous waste in 2015.
Table 10.4
Solid Waste Management in Calabarzon, 2012 to 2015
Indicators 2012 2013 2014 2015
LGUs with approved 10-year SWM plan
1 - 7 29
Monitoring of materials recovery
facilities (MRF) increased
- 30 42 -
Open dumpsite (OD) monitored
38 39 41 38
Controlled Dump Facilities (CDF)
monitored
45 49 48 37
SLF monitored 16 10 8 10
Source: DENR-EMB IV-A
The Calabarzon region is home to numerous lakes and rivers, including the largest
lake in the country. It is also surrounded by coastal areas in the east, west and
southern area. Protection and conservation of water resources are monitored to
ensure water resources are in acceptable levels to support the production of
industries and meet the demand of households in the region.
Laguna de Bay is classified as Class C or fit for fishing, but not for swimming and
contact recreation (Class B) based on its biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) level.
The average BOD of the lake was recorded at 4.67 mg/L which is within the standard
of less than 10 mg/L for Class C. However, the BOD level of the lake has continuously
increased because of the back flow of water.
The tributaries of the lake in San Pedro, Biñan, Sta. Rosa and Cabuyao are polluted
with BOD levels not conforming with Class C standards. Likewise, tributary rivers
with dissolved oxygen levels not conforming with Class C standards are in Bay, Sta.
Cruz, Pagsanjan, Siniloan, Pililia, Tanay, Baras and Morong. These areas have
settlements and agricultural areas which are the main source of pollutants and
wastes. As opposed to industrial sources which are regulated, domestic and
70 |
agriculture sources are mostly unregulated and become the major sources of solid
wastes and pollution.
As part of the River Rehabilitation Program, clean-up activities for the improvement
of the water quality of the Laguna de Bay Basin were conducted. In 2015, 9 lake and
10 river clean-up activities were conducted wherein 326.98 tons of garbage were
collected, 50 percent of which were plastics and 200 tons was sludge.
However, under the Adopt-a-River Program, the targeted five rivers per year was not
achieved due to lack of interest and budget of LGUs and the private sector.
Table 10.5
Water Quality and Management of Laguna de Bay, 2012 to 2015
Indicator 2012 2013 2014 2015
Average BOD level of Laguna Lake
within standard of <7 mg/L
1.67 2 3 4.67
No. of monitoring conducted
- 636 613 853
No. of structures demolished
2 63 114 98
Area demolished increased (hectares)
100 1,302 119 192
River adopted under the Adopt-a-River
Program
5 0 1 0
Number of clean-ups 5 14 15 19
Source: LLDA
Taal Lake is classified as Class B or fit for recreational activities in addition to
activities under Class C per water quality data collected in 2014. The average BOD is
2.2 mg/L which passed the standard for Class B water which is <5 mg/L.
Table 10.6
Water Quality of Taal Lake, 2012 to 2014
Year Ammonia BOD DO pH Phosphate TSS Total
Coliform
2012 0.04 2.29 8.24 8.50 0.48** 1.61 (No data)
2013 0.02 2.51 7.48 8.53 0.52** 1.96 1830.21**
2014 0.01 2.20 8.13 8.63** 0.55** 3.47 15159.47**
DENR Class B
water criteria
nr*
<5
mg/L
Minimum
5 mg/L 6.5-8.5
0.05-
0.1mg/L 65 mg/L
1000 MPN/
100 mL
Notes:
*No recommendation
**Exceeded DENR Criteria for Class B water
Source: DENR-EMB IV-A
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71
The water quality of the lake in terms of BOD and DO also improved from 2013 to
2014. However, samples collected for the other water quality parameters (pH,
phosphate, total coliforms) indicate that the lake did not meet the Class B criteria,
with total coliforms rising to as high as 15,159 mpn/100 ml in 2014 from 1,830
mpn/100 ml in 2013. For 2015, water quality of Taal Lake is unavailable from DENR-
EMB while only water quality data on the lake’s tributaries for the first quarter of
2015 was monitored by the Taal Volcano protected area unit.
The water quality of major rivers in the region continued to deteriorate. The Imus,
Ylang-Ylang and Rio Grande rivers did not pass the BOD and DO standard for Class C
water in the said time period except in 2013 when the BOD level in Rio Grande River
passed the Class C water standard of below 7 mg/L. The Cañas River is better
compared to the other rivers since it passed the standard for Class C water in terms of
BOD. However, the BOD in the river has been increasing due to solid waste from
informal settlers and other existing pollution sources along river banks which is also
the main reason for the poor water quality in the other rivers. High levels of BOD
cause the level of dissolved oxygen to drop dramatically which may not be able to
support healthy aquatic life.
Informal settlements, without proper septage tanks or sewage system, along the river
are the main cause of pollution of rivers. Resettlement plans by the LGUs, supported
by adequate financing and strict implementation is crucial to move settlements away
from the river side to reduce pollution and clear the river systems from
domestic waste.
In 2013, DENR-EMB Region IV-A, in partnership with the province of Cavite launched
the Imus-Ylang-ylang-Rio Grande Rivers Water Quality Management Area (WQMA).
The WQMA aims to rehabilitate, protect and preserve the water quality of the rivers
to sustain their economic and public health benefits through stakeholder
collaboration. In 2016, DENR established another WQMA in Cavite province which is
the Cañas River and Malimango River that also aims to rehabilitate and protect the
rivers and to reduce pollution loading in Manila Bay.
1
In order to improve air quality, 1,336 industries with potential to pollute the air were
monitored by EMB including private emission testing centers. As for the LGUs’
initiatives, 24 LGUs have enforced a ban on open air burning.
1 There was no available DENR-EMB data on air quality in terms Total Suspended particulate (ug/Ncm) or
Particulate Matter (PM) 10 and PM 2.5.
72 |
The major environmental issues facing the region are pollution of water bodies, waste
management and disaster risk reduction.
The water quality of Laguna de Bay and major rivers have not improved which is
mostly due to pollution from households and non-conforming industries or business
establishments. WQMAs have been created to rehabilitate and conserve rivers. The
Imus-Ylang Ylang-Rio Grande Rivers WQMA through the City of Imus has adopted an
ordinance establishing a septage management system. In addition, septage and
sewerage treatment plants have increasingly been established by water providers
operating in Cavite and Rizal. In 2015, LLDA upgraded its laboratory equipment and
facilities for water quality monitoring and updated the Laguna de Bay Basin
Masterplan that is targeted to be finalized in 2016.
Strengthened pollution control from domestic and agriculture sources will improve
the overall water quality of Laguna Lake and other major water bodies in the region.
The relocation of informal settlers near bodies of water, strict enforcement of zoning
in water bodies and nearby LGUs, regular monitoring of water and sewage treatment
plants, involvement of more stakeholders in rehabilitation programs are also critical
to the conservation and protection of water bodies.
The low number of LGUs with Solid Waste Management Plans, only 29 out of the 50
targeted and from the total of 142 LGUs, is a major environmental challenge. Due to
the lack or difficulty in implementing SWM plans, the region was not able to close all
open dumpsites and controlled dump facilities by 2014 as targeted and there are still
a total of 75 of these waste facilities operating in 2015. As the responsible agency,
EMB can pursue legal action against open dumpsites to fast track its closing.
Since domestic wastes is the main source of pollution, intensified information and
education campaigns at the household level is needed to promote proper waste
segregation and reduction of wastes through reuse or recycling. Strict monitoring of
SWM plans, stronger coordination with LGUs and continuous information campaigns
are some strategies to ensure an effective and environmentally sound waste disposal
system. Exploring other financing opportunities such as public private partnership
and continuous training of LGUs are also needed to fast track implementation of
SWM plans and to improve the current waste disposal system of the region.
The strong enforcement of existing environmental laws and regulations by LGUs is
needed to reduce land, water and air pollution. To compel LGUs to implement
environmental laws, local environmental plans such as SWMs and best practices on
environmental management and protection can be included as one of the criteria for
awards and incentives to the LGUs such as DILG’s Seal of Good Housekeeping.
Harmonizing government regulations and standards, for example on building,
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73
construction and subdivision permits, can also ensure safety and
environmental protection.
To manage the environmental impacts of fast urbanization in the region,
environmental conservation and protection need to be given emphasis in the CLUPs
where areas for protection, production and settlements must be clearly defined. The
horizontal and vertical integration of plans will also facilitate sustainable
environmental management. Given the large scale and worsening issue on waste
management, it can also be valuable to develop and implement strategies
region wide.
All LGUs in the region already have Local DRRM Plans and LCCAPs but there is still a
need for the CLUPs of localities to be DRR/CCA (Disaster Risk Reduction/Climate
Change Adaptation) enhanced and to implement a corresponding zoning ordinance.
The review, monitoring and evaluation of the LDRRMP implementation are also
necessary to ensure disaster resiliency of communities.
To address the limited technical capacity of LGUs on hazard mapping as cited in the
Updated RDP, continuous technical assistance has been provided to LGUs which
resulted to finalized Local DRRM Plans and LCCAPs with maps for different hazards.
Among the trainings include the multi-hazard mapping workshops and the
preparation of vulnerability assessment on earthquakes for the provinces of Laguna,
Cavite and Rizal. To sustain DRRM mapping requirements of LGUs, the establishment
of GIS centers in SUCs in the region is already underway.
DRR/CCA resilient infrastructures such as evacuation centers and additional flood
control facilities also need to be constructed to reduce damages and casualties.
Furthermore, as a region with many large business enterprises and industrial parks,
there is also a need to formulate an Area Business Continuity Plan (BCP) to facilitate
fast recovery of business and industrial functions in the region under emergency
situations and to integrate the BCP in the Local DRRM Plan or in another suitable
plan. The formulation of the BCP is one of the strategies in DILG’s National Disaster
Preparedness Plan 2015-2028. OCD in partnership with JICA has already involved
several cities in the region in the formulation of BCPs.
74
BatStateU Batangas State University
BFAR Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
BLGF Bureau of Local Government and Finance
BSP Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
CDA Cooperative Development Authority
CHED Commission on Higher Education
COA Commission on Audit
CSC Civil Service Commission
CvSU Cavite State University
DA Department of Agriculture
DAR Department of Agrarian Reform
DBM Department of Budget and Management
DBP Development Bank of the Philippines
DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DENR-EMB Environment Management Bureau
DepEd Department of Education
DILG Department of the Interior and Local Government
DOE Department of Energy
DOH Department of Health
DOJ-PPA Department of Justice - Parole and Probation Administration
DOLE Department of Labor and Employment
DOST Department of Science and Technology
DOT Department of Tourism
DPWH Department of Public Works and Highways
75
DSWD Department of Social Welfare and Development
DTI Department of Trade and Industry
HLURB Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board
HUDCC Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council
LBP Landbank of the Philippines
LLDA Laguna Lake Development Authority
LSPU Laguna State Polytechnic University
LWUA Local Water Utilities Administration
NEDA National Economic and Development Authority
NIA National Irrigation Administration
NWRB National Water Resource Board
OCD Office of Civil Defence
OPAPP Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process
OWWA Overseas Workers Welfare Administration
PAGIBIG Pagtutulungan sa Kinabukasan: Ikaw, Bangko, Industriya at
Gobyerno
PCA Philippine Coconut Authority
PDEA Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
PEZA Philippine Economic Zone Authority
PNP Philippine National Police
PPA Philippine Ports Authority (Batangas and MarQuez)
PSA Philippine Statistics Authority
SHFC Social Housing Finance Corporation
SLSU Southern Luzon State University
TESDA Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
URS University of Rizal System
76
In Pursuit of Inclusive Growth
Donna Riza P. Ronquillo
Macroeconomy
Angela R. Llamas
Competitive Industry and Services Sector Elisa I. Pandela
Jennylyn P. Jucutan
Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and
Fisheries Sector
Revy Ann Grace Z. Jolongbayan
Nelson J. Aman, Jr.
Accelerating Infrastructure Development Engr. Josephine P. Hapil
Marlo E. Chavez
Richard P. Engasa
Ray Michael Kevin H. Abuso
Luningning D. Llames
Towards a Resilient and Inclusive Financial System Armina O. Espiritu
Good Governance and the Rule of Law Alvin Caezar V. Olanday
Social Development Olivia Khane S. Raza
Donna Riza P. Ronquillo
Angela R. Llamas
Peace and Security Marlon T. Natividad
Conservation, Protection and Rehabilitation of the
Environment and Natural Resources
Theresa Jane G. Cajarte
SECTOR COORDINATORS Cesar Marcelo R. Palacio
Agnes A. Daantos
Valter L. Morada
EDITORS Lovely S. Mores
Olivia Khane S. Raza
ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT Arlita E. Lopez
Corazon C. Salandanan
Pepito L. Ponce
OVERALL COORDINATOR Donald James D. Gawe
MANAGEMENT ARD Gina T. Gacusan
OIC-RD Luis G. Banua