Ncm 102 Report (Children)

8/10/2019 Ncm 102 Report (Children)

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GERVACIO , JONAH MICAH N.

BSN II


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High blood pressure, also called hypertension, is acondition most often associated with adults. But kids

can have high blood pressure too, even as infants.

Blood pressure is the pressure the blood exerts againstthe blood vessel walls as the heart pumps. The

pressure increases when the heart contracts andpushes blood into the vessels and lowers when theheart relaxes, but there's always a certain amount ofpressure in the arteries


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7/19/07

Normal

SBP and DBP 120/80 mm Hg

Hypertension

Average SBP and/or DBP > 95thfor gender, age, andheight on more than 3 occasions

Fourth Report on BP. Pediatrics August 2004


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What Is High Blood Pressure in

Children?Blood pressure is the force of blood as it f lows through

the body's vessels.

Under normal conditions, the heart

pumps blood through the vessels all over the body.

The vessels widen and contract as needed to keep blood

flowing well.

In a person with hypertension, however,the blood pushes too hard against the blood vessels,

which can cause damage to blood vessels, the heart, and

other organs.


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How High Blood Pressure Affects

Children ?As in adults, high blood pressure in children can result

in serious, long-term health effects, including:

Heart disease

Kidney disease

Stroke


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SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS : Severe headaches

Severe anxiety

Shortness of breath Nosebleed


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NURSING DIAGNOSIS1. Decreased Cardiac Output

2. Activity Intolerance

3. Acute Pain4. Inefective Coping

5. Imbalanced Nutrition

6. Knowledge Deficit


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Nursing Priorities Maintain/enhance cardiovascular functioning.

Prevent complications.

Provide information about disease process/prognosisand treatment regimen.

Support active patient control of condition.


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NURSING INTERVENTIONS Monitor and measure blood pressure in both hands,

using a cuff and proper techniques in terms ofmeasuring blood pressure.

Auscultation of breath sounds and heart tone.Observe skin color, moisture, temperatureand capillary refill time.

Note the presence, quality of the central andperipheral pulses.


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Provide a quiet environment, convenient, andtherapeutic and reduce activity. Note the generaledema.

Monitor response to medication to control bloodpressure. Give fluid and dietary sodium restriction asindicated.

Medical collaboration in the provision of drugs asindicated

Maintain restrictions on activities such as rest in bedor chair.

Assist in performing self-care activities as needed.


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PASTRANA , IZZA MAE F.BSN - II


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Definition Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can

develop as a complication of inadequately treatedstrep throat or scarlet fever. Strep throat and scarletfever are caused by an infection with group Astreptococcus bacteria

Rheumatic fever is most common in 5- to 15-year-oldchildren, though it can develop in younger childrenand adults.


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CAUSEStrep throat


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SIGN AND SYMPTOMS : Fever

Painful and tender joints most often the ankles,knees, elbows or wrists; less often the shoulders, hips,hands and feet

Pain in one joint that migrates to another joint

Red, hot or swollen joints

Small, painless nodules beneath the skin

Chest pain


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Heart murmur

Fatigue

Flat or slightly raised, painless rash with a ragged edge(erythema marginatum)

Jerky, uncontrollable body movements (Sydenham

chorea or St. Vitus' dance) most often in the hands,feet and face

Outbursts of unusual behavior, such as crying orinappropriate laughing, that accompanies Sydenham

chorea


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TREATMENTS Antibiotics

Doctors will prescribe antibiotics and, on occasion, will prescribe a long-term(up to five-year) treatment to prevent reoccurrence.

Anti-inflammatory Treatment

Anti-inflammatory treatments include pain relief medications that are alsoanti-inflammatory, such as aspirin or naproxen. Doctors may also prescribe acorticosteroid (a class of drug that decreases inflammation).

Anticonvulsant Medications

the doctor might prescribe an anticonvulsant if involuntary movementsbecome too severe


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NURSING INTERVENTIONS Monitor temperature frequently, and patients response to

antipyretics.

Monitor the patients pulse frequently, especially after

activity to determine degree of cardiac compensation. Auscultate the hear periodically for development of new

heart murmur or pericardial or pleural friction rub.

Observe for adverse effects of salicylate ornonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy,such as stomach upset, tinnitus, headache, GI bleeding,and altered mental status.

Monitor the patients response to long-term activityrestriction.


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Restrict sodium and fluids and obtain daily weights asindicated.

Administer medications punctually and at regularintervals to achieve constant therapeutic blood levels.

Explain the need to rest (usually prescribed for 4 to 12weeks, depending on the severity of the disease and

health care providers preference) and assure thepatient that bed rest will be imposed no longer thannecessary.

Assist the patient to resume activity very graduallyonce asymptomatic at rest and indicators of acuteinflammation have become normal.


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Provide comfort measures.

Provide safe, supportive environment for the child

with chorea. Observe for the disappearance or any major or minor

manifestations of the disease and report signs ofincreased rheumatic activity as salicylates or steroidsare being tampered.

Encourage continuous prophylactic antimicrobialtherapy to prevent recurrence.


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Ncm 102 Report (Children)

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