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Nazi War Crimes &

Japanese Imperial Government Records

Interagency Working Group

Final Report to the United States Congress

April 2007



Nazi Wa Cim ad Japa Impial Gvm Rd Iagy Wkig Gp

Fial Rp h Uid Sa Cg

Pblihd Apil 2007

1-880875-30-6



“In a world o conict, a world o victims and executioners, it is the job o thinking people not

to be on the side o the executioners.”

— Alb Cam



iv

IWG Membership

All Wii, Ahivi h Uid Sa, Chai

Tma H. Ba, Pbli Mmb

Rihad B-Vi, Pbli Mmb

Elizabh Hlzma, Pbli MmbHiia h Dpam Sa

T Say D

T Ay Gal

Di h Cal Illig Agy

Di h Fdal Ba Ivigai

Naial Siy Cil

Di h U.S. Hla Mmial Mm



vi

IWG

All Wii (Chai, 2006-2007)

Swa Aly, Dpam D

Edwad Ald, Dpam h Amy

Sa Ald, Naial Siy Agy

Tma Ba, Pbli Mmb

Sv Bak, FBI

Rihad B-Vi, Pbli Mmb

Chiia Bmwll, Dpam D

Pal Cla, Dpam Sa

Jh E. Clligwd, FBI

Rihad Civa, Naial Siy Agy

Bia Dwig, Dpam Sa

Way Daway, Naial Siy Agy

Sv Gakl (Aig Chai, 2000-2006), NARA

David Hlm, CIA

Elizabh Hlzma, Pbli Mmb

William H, FBI

Eli Kalih, FBI

Cal Kly, FBI

Mihal Kz (Aig Chai, 1999-2000), NARA

Hald J. Kwalwa, Dpam D

Mihal Lahy, Ciizhip ad Immigai Svi

William Lay, Naial Siy Cil

Shlly Lpz-P, Dpam h Navy

David Mawll, Uid Sa Hla Mmial MmDavid Pa, Dpam Sa

Sv Rah, Dpam h Amy

Sv Rg, Dpam Ji

Elai Rgi, Dpam h Amy

Eli Rbam, Dpam Ji

Lia Salai, Dpam h Navy

Pal Shapi, Uid Sa Hla Mmial Mm

William Slay, Dpam Sa

Ma S, Dpam Sa

Adw Swigd, Dpam h Amy Elizabh B. Whi, Dpam Ji

(CIA mmb am wihhld)

IWG Sta at NARA

Gg Badh (Si Ahivi)

Pal Bw (Rah)

William Cli (Si Ahivi)

Sv Hamil (Ahiv Spiali)

Miiam Klima (Rah)

Sa Mi (Rah)

Rihad My (Si Ahivi)

Whiy Nlad (Rah)

Mihal P (Rah)

Jak Sad (Ca Spiali)

Rb Skwi (Rah)

Ei Va Slad (Rah)

David Va al (Sa Di)

Historical Sta

Rihad Bima, Amia Uiviy

Edwad Da, C Miliay Hiy (id)

Nma Gda, Ohi Uiviy

Jam Lid, Hiy Aia Ipad

Mal May, Uiviy Maylad, Cllg Pak

imhy Naali, Uiviy Vigiia

Rb Wl, NARA

Daqig Yag, Gg Wahig Uiviy

Consultants

Paiia Bg (Admiiaiv Aia)

Giliaa Bllad (Pbli Rlai)

J. Edwi Dil (Adi)

Kik Lbb (Ca Maagm) Jh Pia (Adi)

Ki Rh (Edi)

Raymd Shmid (Rviw)

Lay ayl (Exiv Di)

Historical Advisory Panel

Ghad Wibg (Chai), Uiviy Nh Calia,

Chapl Hill

Rba Bhlig, Uiviy Maylad, Balim

Cy Jam Cihld, Cal Illig Agy (dad)

Cal Glk, Clmbia Uiviy

Rb Hayk, Naial Siy Agy

P Hay, Nhw Uiviy

Lida Gz Hlm, Idpd Shla

Chiph Simp, Amia Uiviy

Rald Zwig, Nw Yk Uiviy



vii

Preace xi

Abbreviations and Acronyms xvi

1 Introduction 1

2 The Nature o War Crimes Records 5

Previously Available War Crimes Records 5

Nazi War Crimes Records 5

Japanese War Crimes Records 7

Intelligence Records and Foreign Government Inormation 8

3 B a c k g r o u n d o t h e A c t s 1 1

US Government Use o Axis Criminals and their Collaborators 11

Searching or Axis Criminals in the United States 14

Tracing Stolen Assets 18

Japan Under Scrutiny 20

Passage o the Statutes 21

4 Overview o the IWG and its Functions 25IWG Personnel 25

Sta 26

H i s t o r i a n s 2 6

T h e H i s t o r i c a l A d v i s o r y P a n e l 2 6

IWG Audit Team 26

Statutory Functions o the IWG 26

Locating Records 27

Reviewing Records or Relevance 30

D e c l a s s i y i n g R e l e v a n t R e c o r d s 3 1

Overseeing Agency Implementation o the Disclosure Acts 38Releasing Declassifed Records to the Public 39

Making Documents Publicly Accessible 40

Costs 41

5 Agency Implementation o the Acts 43

Central Intelligence Agency 45

Department o Deense – Air Force 51

Department o Deense – Army 52

Department o Deense – National Security Agency 57

Department o Deense – Navy 59

Department o Justice – Criminal and Civil Divisions 60Department o Justice – Immigration and Naturalization Service (US Citizenship and Immigration Services) 61

Department o Justice – OSI 62

Department o Justice – US Pardon Attorney 64

Department o State 65

Department o the Treasury 68

Federal Bureau o Investigation 69

National Archives And Records Administration 72

Other Agencies 75

Table o Contents



viii

Figures

6 Findings and Policy Recommendations 77

7 Perspectives 81

Thomas H Baer 83

Richard Ben-Veniste 85

Elizabeth Holtzman 90

Eli M Rosenbaum 95

CIA 99

Marc J Susser 101

AppendicesAppendix 1 IWG Members, Sta, and Consultants 107

Appendix 2 Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act (PL 105-246) 109

Appendix 3 Japanese Imperial Government Disclosure Act (PL 106-567) 112

Appendix 4 Honoring the Lie o Stan Moskowitz 115

Appendix 5 Previously Opened War Crimes Related Documents 116

Appendix 6 The Tasking Orders 117

Appendix 7 Memorandum on Relevancy, 26 July 2001 122

Appendix 8 Guidance to Agencies on Foreign Government Inormation 127

Appendix 9 Guidance on Privacy 129

Appendix 10 CIA Response to IWG Report Questions 132

Appendix 11 Consensus Decisions and Guidance rom IWG Arising rom IWG Meeting, April 11, 2000 134

Appendix 12 Feinstein Statement on Bill S1902 136

Appendix 13 12 May 2000 Memorandum 139

Figure 1 IWG representatives and dates o service 1

Figure 2 Major record series o previously opened war-crimes-related documents 6

Figure 3 JCS directives to General Dwight Eisenhower 12

Figure 4 JIOA memorandum on Project Paperclip, 4 December 1947 15

Figure 5 IWG declassifcation process 28

Figure 6 Sample o frst and second release o CIA document 32

Figure 7 Sample o documents released with redactions 34

Figure 8 Sample o documents released with explanatory language 36

Figure 9 NWCDA summary, March 2007 44Figure 10 JIGDA summary, March 2007 44

Figure 11 British share decrypts with OSS 46

Figure 12 The Gehlen fles 48

Figure 13 IWG obtains release o document withheld in FOIA request 55

Figure 14 Fake passport 71



ix

TablesTable 1 Interagency Working Group direct support costs, Jan 1999–Mar 2007 41

Table 2 Cost o implementing NWCDA and JIGDA, by agency 43

Table 3 CIA declassifcation summar y (number o pages) 45

Table 6 Air Force declassifcation summar y (number o pages) 51

Table 4 Army declassifcation summar y (number o pages) 52

Table 7 NSA declassifcation summary (number o pages) 57

Table 5 Navy declassifcation summar y (number o pages) 59

Table 8 DOJ Criminal and Civil Divisions declassifcation summary (number o pages) 60

Table 9 INS declassifcation summary (number o pages) 61

Table 10 Department o State declassifcation summary (number o pages) 65

Table 11 Department o Treasury declassifcation summary (number o pages) 68

Table 12 FBI declassifcation summar y (number o pages) 69

Table 13 NARA declassifcation summar y (number o pages) 72



A aig hai h Nazi Wa Cim ad Japa

Impial Gvm Rd Iagy Wkig

Gp (IWG) m ha v ya, ad m h

ppiv m wh p m ha 30 ya

iid h Fdal Gvm pmig h dla-

iai d pma hiial val—

qly wih a piiv m—I a vhha h IWG ha b mdly l.

T IWG lav w lgai. Fi, h IWG

ha d ha h pbli ally ha a h

iy h paial l h O Sa-

gi Svi (OSS), alig 1.2 milli pag; v

114,200 pag CIA maial; v 435,000 pag

m FBI l; 20,000 pag m Amy Ci-

llig Cp l; ad v 7 milli addiial

pag d. Hiia, pliial ii, j-

ali, vli, d, ad h ah will h d h IWG ha bgh ligh may

dad m.

A ah p v hi xadiay ll-

i impa ad iig dm, will hy

wi h hiy Wld Wa II, h Hla,

h Cld Wa? Pbably . B a h IWG hi-

ia hav alady hw i U.S. Intelligence and the

Nazis , h dail maj ad l-kw v

will w b a ih, ad a a h v

m ligh, hiia will ip ad vi pvily apd aaiv.

T IWG’ d lgay may limaly b m

impa ha i : i ha dmad ha dia-

d ball Amia wh illig agi

dlaiy ld illig pai d. B

h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A (NWCDA), i-

llig agi, ppd by h Pid, h

Cg, ad h Fdal , ily ad -

ily xmpd l aiig illig

ad mhd m dlaiai, gadl h

ag aal iiviy h imai.

O h illig mhd ha maid

pd i h a ha U.S. illig agi

hav laihip wih h illig agi allid v -allid ai. Ta illig

agi may pa a aial bd i

bvi ad wll dmd ha mly aig i

d phmi. Hwv, U.S. illig ag-

i hav ily ad ily did a

d ha dild h a laihip, laimig

ha valig h laihip will ha dam-

ag abiliy pa wih ig gvm

i h .

T NWCDA pidly diavwd h a-gial xmpi, iiig iad ha id

laiai i jid ly wih vid ha h

la paila imai wld ham a-

ial iy day. Ti piipl ld i h

la a va qaiy d. F xampl,

a la a qa a y, h Naial Ahiv

ad Rd Admiiai (NARA) had gh

pad h CIA dlaiy ad d NARA

h paial l h OSS, whih ha b d-

i 1945. Ov h ya, h CIA dlayddlaiyig h d, lagly h gd ha

dilig h d ld ham illig

laihip wih ig gvm. T OSS -

d idd val h va ilaihip bw

Biih illig ad h OSS: hy ai

had pag illig gahd by h

Biih ad had wih , ad h d dm

Preace



1. Alhgh h va blk OSS d had alady b lad by h CIA h Naial Ahiv, d h Dil

A, i lad 1.2 milli pag i m iiv d, makig vially all OSS d availabl ah.

2. S, xampl, Gg Badh, World War II Japanese Records: History o their Capture, Exploitation, and Disposition (h-

mig).

xii

h diagm ha a iviabl i h a l

laihip. Nvhl, i i pp g-

g ha laig OSS d d h NWCDA i

a ha wkig laihip wih h

Uid Kigdm. All OSS d ld hav b

aly lad dad ag.1

I hi d lgay li h bala h IWG’

wk. Havig wkd i hi aa may ya, I

a laly a ay d h igia h i-

gl idividal h dlaiai p. Whh

a q dlaiai i awd wih a y

a i ially dmid by whv happ

mak h dil -dil dii. All

h law ad d ad glai, all h la-

iai ad dlaiai gid ad gida a

b id pp ih aw hi p a giv. T idividal i hag mak h all bad

hi h xpi, bia, plivii, kwldg,

iga, ad may ya ha, all

may b k wih i.

F ha a, I hp ha h idividal

wh i i dii-makig pii i h CIA, FBI,

NSA, h Dpam Sa, D, Amy, Navy,

Ai F, lwh giz hgh h xampl

h IWG ha gvm , v illig

, a i. ha d, I hp ha h i-dividal giz ad ak di h xadi-

ay ibi bh hiy ad pbli a-

abiliy ha hi agi hav mad hgh hi

wk wih h IWG. Ty hav had h pbli’

kwldg wih jpadizig h aial iy

h Uid Sa h abiliy U.S. agi

pm hi impa i bhal

aial iy.

L m b la. T dlaiai l

lad dig h implmai h Dil A can ad should b applid h illig

d imila ag, ad may v b applid

d mwha m viag, ma

hw iiv h imai wihi h d

wa.

Whav , ay pi a ambi-

i ad d a h dak by h IWG

i ai hav i diappim. Amg h

diappid will b h wh had hpd a v-

lmi la U.S. d laig Japa

wa im. My dadig h dph lig

dig hi i hagd damaially i 2001,

wh I pk a mig h Glbal Allia

Pvig h Hiy Wld Wa II i Aia. T

Glbal Allia i a dai gaizai ad

idividal m may di i wh ha

a igl gal: ll h wld ab h h hak pla i Aia i ji wih h pai

h Japa Impial Gvm. Uil my

vai dig ha mig wih may m-

mid idividal m h Uid Sa, Caada,

Chia, Ka, h Philippi, Japa, ad lwh, I

did lly appia h milli -

viv ad hi amili, id, ad aia ha

hi y i vially ld. May ppl ad h

wld had hpd ha h IWG wld ah d

ha wld hlp hm dm Japa aii. h ppl, I a qivally ha h

IWG wa dilig ad hgh i i ah l-

va d ab wa im i Aia. T IWG

vd ad lad w Aia ha d b-

a w h U.S. d maid laid. U-

laid d w d IWG jidii.

add ay ha may ai laig h

dah dm lad d h JIGDA, w

ad pbliai ha dm h ap-

, xpliai, ad Japa d m Wld Wa II.2



3. Edwad Da, al., Researching Japanese War Crimes: Introductory Essays (Wahig, DC: GPO) 2006.

xiii

NARA ahivi a ha h al pblm

wih Japa dm m Wld Wa II i

ha hy a w i mb, b ha hy a lagly

dd by ah. ag h ll -

viw h d, h IWG pblihd Research-

ing Japanese War Crimes: Introductory Essays .3 Wih

hi vlm, w hp xp h id pbli

h badh pvily dlaid lai-

d d wihi h Naial Ahiv ha ba

h bj ad ha mai b lly xplid by

hla, jali, ad h ah. Fh,

Researching Japanese War Crimes li h

lvl ad a Eglih ad Japa lagag

hlahip ha pai h bj Japa

Impial Gvm wa im. Fially, i di

h a why h vlm ad piiy dab Aia wa im i mh mall ha d

Nazi wa im. T bk i ampaid by a

ahabl CD-ROM a 1,700-pag dig aid

h NARA d, a wll a a mall dig aid

l Japa Wa Cim d. W a d

ha d xi ha will p i im a vy la

pi h p ad h wa im i Aia

b ad dig Wld Wa II. W vy mh hp

ha Researching Japanese War Crimes will p h -

ah ad hlahip ay ahiv hi d.

***

T IWG lav a va pd ad val impa

lgai. T am ab ly ba x-

m gd i bigig gh h al,

had wk, ad mmim may idivid-

al, may wh am a v pially

vald i h pag. Eah h mid

mid wa a sine qua non h amplih-m h IWG.

Fi, w m giz h xadiay p-

al ad pial ibi ad mmim

Sa Mik DWi ad Mmb Cg

Caly Maly. Ty w gial

hampi m day ad hgh ixi. Ty ad hi m mp ad m-

mid a mmb w alway h h IWG.

O bhal h Amia ppl, w hak y.

Wha a I ay ab h pbli mmb,

Elizabh Hlzma, m Ba, ad Rihad B-

Vi? Ti mmim, hi al l,

hi high a lik ayhig I hav v

xpid lwh. I a ly hp ha i hi

iig pi hy ak a mm p bak

ad ak pla i h i hi lab. UlikIWG gvm mmb, wh implmd h

a a a addiial pa hi gla di, h

h pbli mmb lfly dvd h p

h hi liv dadig h a

“The declassication

lessons learned during the

implementation o the

Disclosure Acts can and should

be applied to other intelligence

records o similar age, and may

even be applied to records o

somewhat more recent vintage,

no matter how sensitive the

inormation within these records

once was.”



xiv

h paila law ad ivig g ah agy

implm h law lly. Ty ld wih vai

xp bai h imai ay ai

h agi i implmig h law, ad lbbid

h Hill xd h li h IWG ha agi

had vy ppiy mply wih h Dil

A. Ti willig l ayhig l

ha b hw a a ad ipiig lad-

hip, ad hi aiy i h a IWG a laim

i .

N h IWG’ amplihm wld hav

b alizd wih h wavig mmim

wihi h gvm il a damal bli

i h pbli’ igh kw hw by h gv-

m mmb h IWG. Ti bga wih h lad-

hip h IWG’ hai, Mihal Kz hNaial Ahiv ad Rd Admiiai. By

h im I am h IWG, D. Kz had alady

ad hgh hi dvi ad had wk ha h

IWG wld b l. D. Kz ad h-Uid

Sa Ahivi Jh Cali xdd hi g-

iy hgh h li h IWG. Ahivi h

Uid Sa All Wii ppd i a a iial

im ad hgh hi xmplay maagm hd

h IWG i l li.

NARA’ ibi h h d-laiai a m am i d-

ail. I m ay ha NARA dvd a i-

dia am aial, hma, ad illal

h dlaiai . David Va

al, William Cli, ad h h IWG a a

NARA p hi ahival, d-maagm, ad

hiy xpi wk, ad h Amia ppl

hav b valy b vd ba i. Amg

hi myiad h di, NARA a mak h mil-

li pag dm dlaid by h IWGaibl h pbli, ad hi wk i hi gad

will i lg a h mmb h IWG

hav d hi ai lwh.

T idpd hiia mplyd by h

IWG, Rihad Bima, Nma Gda, imhy

Naali, Rb Wl, ad Daqig Yag, bam ex

ocio mmb h IWG, ad hi ibi

pvad vy ap wk. Ti vlm, U.S.

Intelligence and the Nazis , pblihd by h IWG, bil-

lialy xpli ad xp h d dlaid

ad dild i h IWG’ wk ad add galy

pbli xp.

T IWG’ wk ad pbliai bd im-

maably m h ip h IWG’ Hiial

Adviy Pal, haid by h xadiay ad i-

pibl Ghad Wibg, P Emi

Hiy a h Uiviy Nh Calia, Chapl

Hill. T xpi i Wld Wa II hiy h

hiia ad ah, hi xpi wih h -

d d ad lad h IWG’ jidii, ad

hi dadig h agi ha hld h -

d mad hm ivalabl h IWG’ dlaia-

i .Eli M. Rbam ad hi p aid a h D-

pam Ji/O Spial Ivigai

al vd h IWG a byd hi ial pi-

bilii. OSI ibd , imai, ad

ida ha bam ial agy dlaiai

.

A mpig pibilii a im v-

whlmd my hdl, IWG Exiv Di Lay

ayl bam my al g. Wih mh al

ad mmim ivd i h IWG, Lay ad I w imply h a p. Lay’ illig, pa-

i, l-hadd, ada, ad abiliy

wk wll wih all yp palii vd hi

l ply ad pak vlm ab h aiig

ad xpi h ivd dig hi pi a i

h Fig Svi. I am m idbd him.

Ki Rh billialy did ad maagd h

pbliai h w IWG hiial vlm ad

hi p. H baa wih h dmad

may ib i ly amazig. Sh wa a gaaddii .

Si Appliai Iaial Cpai

(SAIC) xply maagd h a ha ppd

h hiia ad m h a.

Fially, I ak h ad appdi

1 ad 4 h am m h h wh

abld h IWG lly implm h



xv

lag gially madad dlaiai

i hiy. I am immly pd h d

w hav ahivd, ad I hak m ily h

wh wkd i h pligh ad h wh wkd

bhid h mak i pibl.

Sv Gakl

Aig Chai, Jaay 2001–Spmb 2006

Wahig, Apil 2007



xvi

Abbreviations and Acronyms

ADA Amy Dlaiai Aiviy

CIA Cal Illig Agy

CIC U.S. Amy Cillig Cp

CROWCASS Cal Rgiy Wa Cimial ad Siy Sp

DCI Di Cal Illig

DOD Dpam D

DOJ Dpam Ji

DOJ/OSI Dpam Ji/O Spial Ivigai

FBI Fdal Ba Ivigai

FOIA Fdm Imai A

FRB Fdal Rv Bad

GAO Gvm Aig O (w Gvm Aabiliy O)

HAP Hiial Adviy PalHERU Hiial ad Exiv Rviw Ui (FBI)

IM Iaial Miliay ibal

INA Immigai ad Naialiy A 1952

INS Immigai ad Naalizai Svi

INSCOM Illig ad Siy Cmmad (Amy)

IPS O Imai Pgam ad Svi (Sa)

IRR Ivigaiv Rd Rpiy (Amy)

IWG Nazi Wa Cim ad Japa Impial Gvm Rd Iagy Wkig Gp

JCS Ji Chi Sa

JIGDA Japa Impial Gvm Dil A 2000 JIOA Ji Illig Objiv Agy (Pag)

NARA Naial Ahiv ad Rd Admiiai

NASA Naial Aai ad Spa Admiiai

NCIS Naval Cimial Ivigai Svi

NSC Naial Siy Cil

NSA Naial Siy Agy

NWCDA Nazi Wa Cim Dil A 1998

OGC O Gal Cl (CIA)

OMGUS O Miliay Gvm–Uid Sa

OSS O Sagi SviPERSCOM U.S. Amy al Pl Cmmad

PIDB Pbli I Dlaiai Bad

SAS Sa Ahivig Sym (Sa)

SCAP Spm Cmmad h Allid Pw

GC ipai Gld Cmmii

UNWCC Uid Nai Wa Cim Cmmii

USCIS U.S. Ciizhip ad Immigai Svi



4. S appdix 2 h ll x h NWCDA (P.L. 105-246), ad appdix 3 h ll x h JIGDA (P.L. 106-

567).

Fm h 1960 hgh h 1990, h U.S. Gv-

m dlaid h majiy i iy-laid

d laig Wld Wa II, pvidig hla

ad ah a va v imai h wa

ad i amah. Y, aly 60 ya a h wa,

milli pag waim ad pwa d -

maid laid. May h d aidimai lad wa im ad wa imial,

imai ha had b gh v h ya by

Cg, gvm p, hiia, ad

viim wa im. I 1998, h Nazi Wa Cim

ad Japa Impial Gvm Rd I-

agy Wkig Gp (IWG), a h bh C-

g, lahd wha bam h lag gi-

ally madad, igl-bj dlaiai

i hiy. A a l hi ladmak , v

8.5 milli pag d hav b pd hpbli d h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A ad

h Japa Impial Gvm Dil A.4

Whil h wly lad d d mmad

a damai vii h hiy Wld Wa II ad

h pwa pid, hy d pvid impa hi-

ial dail ha will hlp b dad h

Hla ad h wa im a wll a h U.S.

Gvm’ ivlvm wih wa imial dig

h Cld Wa.

I Ob 1998, Pid Cli igd ilaw h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A (NWCDA),

whih qid h U.S. Gvm la, d-

laiy, ad la i hi iy, wih w xp-

i, maiig laid d ab wa im

mmid by Nazi Gmay ad i alli. T a

qid h Pid ablih a Iagy

Wkig Gp v i implmai. T

IWG i high-lvl ial v ky Ex-

iv Bah agi (wh digad pa-

iv), ad h pbli mmb appid by hPid ( g 1). T a hagd h IWG

“ak h ai a ay xpdi h la

h d h pbli” ad p h -

m Cg. Alhgh h NWCDA vd

d lad all Gmay’ alli, h Japa

Impial Gvm Dil A 2000 (JIG-

DA) mad xplii h Gvm’ pibiliy

p i maiig laid d Japa

1. Introduction

Figure 1 IWG ParticipantsChair

Allen Weinstein, Archivist o the United States

Public Members

Thomas H. Baer, Los Angeles, New York, 1999-2007

Richard Ben-Veniste, Washington, DC, 1999-2007

Elizabeth Holtzman, New York, 1999-2007

Agency Participants

Stewart Aly, Oce o the Secretary o Deense

John Collingwood, Federal Bureau o Investigation

David Holmes, Central Intelligence Agency

William Leary, National Security Council

David Marwell, U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum

Eli Rosenbaum, Department o Justice, Oce o Special Investigations

William Slany, Department o State



5. P.L. 105-246 S 3(b)(3)(A), 112 a 1859.

6. IWG’ a did i hap 4. F idividal agy , hap 5.

2 IWG Final Report to Congress

wa im. T JIGDA pvidd a h pbli

mmb, wh wa appid.

I Jaay 2004, Cg xdd h JIGDA

ya pvid addiial im h CIA

mply wih h law wih p bh Japa ad

Nazi wa im d. I Fbay 2005, h C-

g agai xdd h a il 2007 a h gig

h IWG pbli mmb, wh viwd h ak a

y ihd pimaily ba h la

h CIA la all i d p idividal

d a illig a dig h Cld Wa.

Cgial p h NWCDA xpli-

ily ad hi di ik a bala amg v-

al damal pbli i ad by h law,

ildig h pbli’ igh kw, a idividal’

igh pivay, ad h Gvm’ pibiliy p aial iy. T mmb h IWG

pd hi diviy i, ad aally,

ai, h i fid. F xampl,

iig h NWCDA’ “pmpi ha h pbli

i … will b vd by h dil ad la

h d,” h IWG v h la p-

i d ha w dmably vd by

aial iy xmpi.5 I m a, hi i-

pai h a fid wih ai agy

pii, h a wh a illig agy lha dlaiai wld jpadiz i ad

mhd. Similaly, h NWCDA xldd d

paiig h ivigai ad pi

Nazi imial by h Dpam Ji/O

Spial Ivigai (DOJ/OSI) i d p

OSI’ gig wk. Sm IWG mmb agd

ha a igid appliai hi pvii wa dly

iiv. T ad h hallg ad by h

IWG a did i hi p.

N agy ivd apppiad d impl-m h a. T DOJ/OSI vlaily ad

$400,000 h Naial Ahiv ad Rd Ad-

miiai (NARA) ai h IWG wih ap

, ad la gav a addiial $30,000 h

xpdi. T IWG ivd idpd

dig i wk, whih wa ppd by NARA

a h appximaly $12 milli. IWG pbli

mmb w mpad hi paiipai.

I all, h IWG ima ha h implmai

h w Dil A axpay $30 milli.6

Ti p dail hw, dpi a lak dig,

a hag pl, h v 9/11, ad hal-

lg ih i h Dil A hmlv, h

h IWG ld i a igia ahiv-

m: h dlaiai ad la h pbli

v 8.5 milli pag Wld Wa II ad pwa

d. Chap 2 dib h a U.S. wa

im d ad xplai why h wa a all

h dil. Chap 3 vy h pliialx ha ppd paag h a. Chap

4 id h l h IWG, i a, ad i

la, ad dib h p h IWG k

implm h Dil A. W al v h

vigh p h. Chap 5 dib ah ma-

j agy’ ai i mplyig wih h

a, h mb pag ah dlaid, ad

h aiad . I hap 6, w di pbli

pliy i ad mmdai Cg.

T al hap p idividal ppiv IWG mmb gadig hi pdd dla-

iai p.

Ti p i d wih h p

implmig h Dil A ad wih h

iv h a, ildig h x whih

h a ld i h la lva d, h

x whih d w lad, ad why.

T p d amp a h hiial

val h dmai vd by h a;

d i dib p hiial aaly ipai dlaid dmai. T

ipiv ak a apppialy l hiia ad

h wih h xpi dy h aw mad



7. Rihad Bima al., U.S. Intelligence and the Nazis (Wahig, DC: Naial Ahiv Fd Bad h Nazi Wa Cim ad Japa Impial Gvm Rd Iagy Wkig Gp, 2004).

8. Edwad Da, al., Researching Japanese War Crimes: Introductory Essays (Wahig, DC: Naial Ahiv h Nazi

Wa Cim ad Japa Impial Gvm Rd Iagy Wkig Gp, 2006).

9. Gg Badh, Japanese War Crimes and Related opics: A Guide to Records in the National Archives (Wahig, DC: Na-

ial Ahiv ad Rd Admiiai, 2006), mpa di; ad William H. Cli, Select Documents on Japanese War

Crimes and Japanese Biological Warare, 1934-2006 (Wahig, DC: Naial Ahiv ad Rd Admiiai, 2006),

mpa di.

Introduction

availabl by h Dil A, a ak ha wa ly

bg wih p h d lad Gmay

wih h la val p by idpd

hiia mplyd by h IWG, ad by h IWG’

2004 pbliai h bk U.S. Intelligence and the

Nazis .7 T d lad Japa wa im

qid a di ipiv ak a

h laiv paiy d maiig laid

ad y hw ha a walh dmai xi

laig h bj. add h i, h

IWG pblihd Researching Japanese War Crimes:

Introductory Essays .8 Ti bk wa ampaid by

a CD aiig w dig aid h d:

Japanese War Crimes and Related opics ad Select

Documents on Japanese War Crimes .9



A Wld Wa II dw a l, h Uid Sa

Gvm ad a aay pdd glbal

pibilii, ildig plaig h m plii-

al Gmay ad Japa ad bildig

h mi Ep ad Aia whil admiiig

pid aa ad ig diplmai i wih Al-

li, m mi, ad w advai. Amid hii ad mil, h Uid Sa ad i Al-

li gh idiy, apphd, ad p wa

imial. A h am im ha h Uid Sa

wa hlpig p wa imial a Nmbg,

i ky, ad lwh, U.S. illig agi

pd ad mplyd m Nazi ad llaba

hi ppd kwldg h Svi Ui

ad h Cmmi a. I h am ig

a ah ally agai Cmmim i Aia ad i -

imai bilgial waa, h UidSa wa li wih impa Japa wa imi-

al. Sm a U.S. laihip wih wa

imial dig hi pid hav maid mky

alm 60 ya.

T U.S. Gvm gad m qa-

ii d i i waim ad pwa aivii.

May h d w v laid w d-

laid i h dad a h wa. Y milli

pag d lva wa imial ai-

ig wa im imai, piipally illigd, maid iy laid, ad amg

h va qaii l d i h Naial A-

hiv ad idividal Fdal agi.

Previously Available War Crimes RecordsT blk U.S. Gvm d dily lad

wa im a h ha w ad dig h

p apphdig, ivigaig, ad p-

ig pd wa imial. T Naial Ahiv

h val maj d gp lad h wa

im pi Nazi, Japa, ad Axi alli

( g 2). T d al i 7,500

bi wa im dmai, j d

19 milli pag. I addii, h Naial Ahivhld milm apd Gma d ad -

lad im ha am 6,000 bi (v 65

milli imag) d, whih a a pimay

vid wa im ad pl d

wa imial. Tgh h d hav lg b

p h pbli, ba hi h vlm hy

hav y b lly xplid by ah. T

llwig i a w xampl h wa

im-lad d ha U.S. Gvm ag-

i ad, lld, ad maiaid.

Nazi War Crimes Records

I 1943, h Alli ablihd h Uid Nai

Wa Cim Cmmii (UNWCC) ivi-

ga wa im mmid by h Axi pw ad

advi h Allid gvm h lgal p-

bigig wa imial ji. a-

i h UNWCC ad Allid gvm i d-

ig pd wa imial i Ep, h Spm

Hadqa Allid Expdiiay F ablihda Cal Rgiy Wa Cimial ad Siy

Sp (CROWCASS) i h pig 1945.

CROWCASS lld imai idividal

wad wa im hag, ad i pblihd li

p by h UNWCC ad Allid -

i. I i h ya pai, CROWCASS

id pd v 200,000 p p

2. The Nature o War Crimes Records



10. Uid Nai Wa Cim Cmmii, History o the UNWCC and the Development o the Laws o War (Ld: Hi

Majy’ Saiy O, 1948), 379. UNWCC d a hld by h Uid Nai i Nw Yk ad a bj

h Dil A, b Cmmii d appa hgh U.S. hldig wa im ad diplmai d. T

Uid Nai pd i UNWCC l ah i 1987 i h wak dil ha UNWCC l paid

m UN Say K Waldhim.

11. Ia Say ad Dgla Big, America’s Secret Army (Ld: Ga Bk, 1989), 294.

IWG Final Report to Congress

by iviga, ad i pblihd vlmili ppl gh im agai hmaiy.10

T U.S. Amy Cillig Cp

(CIC) b h ga pibiliy idiyig

ad apphdig h p i h U.S. pa-

i z. T Amy CIC apd m 120,000

Gma lid amai a, ildig SS,

Gap, ad Nazi Pay lad.11

Immdialy a h d Wld Wa II i G-

may, h Alli ablihd h Iaial Mili-

ay ibal (IM) a Nmbg, whih ddi jdgm 21 p ial ad ix gaizai

h Tid Rih Ob 1, 1946. T Uid

Sa la id 177 maj imial i bq

pdig a Nmbg. I addii, h -

pw Cl Cil Gmay ahizd ah

h Allid pw hld ial i i z -

pai. T Uid Sa id 1,700 Gma

ad h Axi aial a Daha ai

amp im, ad i xadid m p

Record

Group Record Series Title

Approximate

number o pages

Approximate number

o motion pictures,

photos, and artiacts153 Records o the War Crimes Branch o the Oce o the Judge Advocate General (Army), Re-

cords relating to World War II war crimes

2,782,500 799

220 Records o the Clemency and Parole Board or War Criminals 42,500

242 National Archives Collection o Foreign Records Seized 65,000,000 395,000

260 Records o the U.S. Occupation Headquarters, World War II, Records o OMGUS Organiza-

tions Concerned with War Crimes Trials 1945-49

162,500

238 National Archives Collection o World War II War Crimes Records, including Records o the

Oce o the United States Commissioner, United Nations War Crimes Commission

8,745,000 22,378

331 Records o Allied Operational and Occupation Headquarters, World War II, Records o the

SCAP Legal Section 1945-52, records o other general and special sta sections, Records o

the SCAP International Prosecution Section

5,647,500

466 Records o the U.S. High Commissioner or Germany, Records o the U.S. Element o the

Extradition Board 1945-55

237,500

549 Records o American participation in war crimes proceedings in Europe, and Records o the

War Crimes Branch, U.S. Army, Europe, 1942-57

1,017,500

Total 83,635,000 418,177

Figure 2 Major record series o previously opened war-crimes-related documents

note: A mpl li Naial Ahiv d gp ha ai pvily pd wa im lad dm i d

i appdix 5. T Naial Ahiv ima ha i hld 120 milli pvily dlaid pag h bj.



12. Rp h Dpy Jdg Adva Wa Cim, J 1955–Jly 1948, Naial Ahiv, RG 549, Rd

h U.S. Amy Ep, Jdg Adva Divii, Wa Cim Bah Gal Admiiaiv Rd, 1942-1947, Bx 13,

290/59/17/3.

13. Ci wih U.S. miliay ag, h m “apd” ild ad, izd, hwi aqid d, whh- ak i U.S. dy a a di l bal dig pa.

14. Sli, Hwiz, “T ky ial,” International Conciliation, . 465 (Nv. 1950): 542.

15. Philip R. Piigall, Te Japanese on rial: Allied War Crimes Operations in the East, 1945-1951 (Ai: Uiviy xa

P, 1979), xiv.

16. T d may b d pimaily i Rd Gp 125, Rd h O h Jdg Adva Gal (Navy);

Rd Gp 238, Naial Ahiv Clli Wld Wa II Wa Cim Rd; ad Rd Gp 331, Rd

Allid Opaial ad Opai Hadqa, Wld Wa II.

The Nature o War Crimes Records 7

h i ad ial.12 T pdig -

ad vlmi d.

T Alli w aid i h pi wa

imial by h availabiliy a lag bdy apd

d, whih ildd d h Nazi pay ad

h SS.13 M h d w milmd b-

h igial w d Gmay ad Ialy

i h 1950 ad 1960. T availabiliy h mi-

lm a h Naial Ahiv aidd h IWG i

dvlpig imai idividal wa imial.

Japanese War Crimes Records

A wih h Nazi ial, ah h Japa wa

im ial aid h lli ad ppaa-

i lag bdi d. P mbd

apd ad Amia d, d adaviad am, ad pdd bmii ad

bakgd maial ha ld i a igia ad

vlmi wa im ahiv.

T Iaial Miliay ibal h Fa

Ea (kw a h ky Wa Cim ibal) b-

ga i May 1946. T w 28 Cla A dda

m a -i i Japa ial, i-

ldig gal, admial, a diplma, ad b-

aa. M pmi amg hm w Hidki

j, Pim Mii Japa hgh m h wa, ad waim ig mii Kki Hia (a

m pmi), Mam Shigmi, ad Shigi

g. Cla A dda w hagd wih h

agi : piay mmi agg-

i, aggi, ad vial wa im. T

pi pdd m ha 400 wi, al-

m 800 wi adavi, ad m ha 4,000 h-

dm.14 Addiial ibal ha a id

ky jdgd v 5,500 idividal i m ha

2,200 ial. T Cla B ad C wa imial w

hagd wih mmiig aii dig bal,

dig pai, agai pi wa. Sm

h ial w hld i Ykhama ad h w

vd hgh h m ha wa.15

Gal MaAh’ haily gaizd ial

i Maila, h wa im ial i h Fa Ea,

d Japa gal myki Yamahia ad

Maaha Hmma gily, ad bh w xd. I

Shaghai, Amia ibal w al hld Japa-

ldi wh paiipad i h ial ad x-i Amia pil d h “Emy Aim’

A,” pmlgad by h Japa a h Dlil

aid Japa i Apil 1942, a wll a pl

a POW amp i Chia wh abd pi. T

U.S. Navy hld ial wa im mmid i

h Pai. May h pdig ivlvd l

pai wih Biih, Aalia, ad Dh a-

hii. O h ial d had vd hi ad-

miiaiv ad lgal pp, hy w ad

h Naial Ahiv.16 T d h ai’ wa im ial a

bj h Dil A ba hy w

v i h pi h U.S. Gvm. F

ia, h Naiali Chi Gvm’ ial



17. Edwad Da, al., 2006.


Japa wa imial hld i Najig did -

l i Amia d dpi h hi ad

iy h wa im mmid h by h

Japa.

I i ava d pibly l wa

im imai, h IWG lkd lly a h

hiy ad dipii a lag bdy apd

Japa d. T IWG wa d ha val-

abl wa im imai may hav b l wih

h h d Japa i h la 1950

ad aly 1960.

May apd Japa d w d i

xhibi ad hwi igad i h wa

im d i h Uid Sa. Amy Jdg Ad-

va Gal d laig h Fa Ea ial

i m ha 400,000 pag. M hd w v iy laid, ad h ha

w had b dlaid by 1982. Spm Cm-

mad h Allid Pw (SCAP) Lgal Si

d ivlvig wa im ial hgh h

Pai gi mpi m 1.5 milli pag

dmai ad ild may apd Japa

d. M h d w al v -

iy laid, ad h w dlaid by 1982.

I addii, h miliay had lld ad hippd

h Uid Sa illig xpliai v7,000 bi apd d ha vally

am d h l h CIA. A h CIA

ad h id agi ihd xpliig h

d, hy w d Japa bgiig i

1958. T wa i wih iaial

pai ad aid i h am maliza-

i diplmai lai. T IWG a iqid

lly i h ma dmi whh wa

im d had idd b d. T a

d vid ha h d w wa-imlad; iad, hy id lagly diplmai

d m h 1920 ad ali, hial d

lad miliay ma, ad aval agaphi

d.

T Naial Ahiv a pdd h d-

m ig dlaid Japa wa im

dm. T i a 1,700-pag ahival gid,

dig aid, Japa Wld Wa II wa im

d i NARA hldig, ildig wly lad

d. T d i a dig aid d Japa-

bilgial waa. T hid, Researching Japa-

nese War Crimes: Introductory Essays , i a bk d-

ak i p ab h allgd l

wa im imai ad h d availabl

dmai. I add aig pi -

gagig i wa im ah ad al ai h

ll xplaai hw apd dm w

hghly xplid miliay ad illig

a wll a hi wa im ivigai.17

Intelligence Records and Foreign GovernmentInormationBy 1998, wh h Dil A wa ad,

h majiy wa im d ha ill maid

laid w lad illig. F h m

pa, U.S. illig agi did a d

i d dm wa im. Tgh illig

d may hav b d i wa im p-

i, hi pimay pp wa hlp wi h wa

ad, awad, gh h Cld Wa. By 1946, U.S.illig gaizai had bg m

h Svi Ui ad h Cmmi gim,

i m a ig m Nazi wh laimd b

xp m bj, whih w a-

iad wih wa imialiy. I h ya i h,

h CIA ad h illig agi hav b -

la la may l m hi pid a

dagig h amd i hm, mp-

miig mhd, hidig h im w

.Sm ill-laid imai igiad wih

ig gvm, wh had i wih h Uid

Sa. Piv lgadig paiv la-

ihip wih Biih illig agi, U.S. i-



The Nature o War Crimes Records

llig agi amaially aid lai-

ai imai ha wa ivd hgh ha

laihip ha vald imai ab h

a ha laihip. I a, a dlaiai

pdd m h d h wa hgh h

la 1990, h CIA ( h OSS), ad

m x h Amy, amaially wihhld m

la, wih baiv viw, m imai

Biih igi, ad i l vlm, m ima-

i Fh, Caadia, ad h ig igi.

Uil h Dil A w implmd, h

wa i mivai h agi

gag i baiv dlaiai viw h

d ah ha fxivly lig hm d

ad mhd ig gvm ima-

i ii.Cmpad wih h mb maiig lai-

d d lad Gmay, h w a w

ill-laid d ab Japa w a.

Fi, h U.S. miliay— h OSS—had ga

l m h Pai Ta d ad

ld la h dm h pbli wih

m a ha h OSS, whih had id la-

ihip wih ig gvm ad illig

agy plii. A a l, m h Japa--

lad d, ildig waim illig d,

w ily dlaid i h 1970 ad 1980 by

h Amy, Navy, ad h Dpam D

ii i h hi gla viw pgam.

Sd, h w w ill-laid pwa d

laig Japa wa imial ba h wa

a iig h Japa ppa a

h wa Nazi, h CIC, CIA, ad FBI did

a di lag mb Japa idi-

vidal a pibl illig a, pd pi,

a ppiv immiga. T, by h im

h IWG bga i wk, h w laivly w

pwa d lad Japa wa imial hamaid laid. Ti lav aid h a -

m Japa wa imial wh, a big vid

ad vig hi , w bm high

gvm ial. Rlaig h l wa pb-

lmai h illig agi, b, ally, wa a

abl h IWG.



18. Dii h Cmmad-i-Chi h Uid Sa F Opai Rgadig h Miliay Gvm

Gmay, May 10, 1945, pid i Uid Sa Dpam Sa, Documents on Germany , Dpam Sa Pblia-

i 9446 (Wahig, DC: .d.), 21.

19. Imai h CIA’ la l lad mmb h Ghl gaizai i ad i h CIA i

hap 5. S al imhy J. Naali, “Rihad Ghl ad h Uid Sa,” U.S. Intelligence and the Nazis (Wahig,

DC: Naial Ahiv Fd h Nazi Wa Cim ad Japa Impial Gvm Rd Iagy Wkig

Gp, 2004).

O h IWG’ aim wa v dma-

i ha wld hd ligh h x whih h

U.S. Gvm had kwigly d ad pd

wa imial illig pp. Iaig

pbli v h U.S. Gvm’ ivlv-

m wih WWII Nazi wa imial, mbid wih

gwig i i val lad i h a lda, Japa wa im, ad Nazi wa imial

wh had bm U.S. iiz, ahd iial ma i

h la 1990, lig i paag h Dil

A. T i a did bify blw.

US Government Use o Axis Criminals and theirCollaboratorsI May 1945, h Ji Chi Sa (JCS) id

a diiv Gal Dwigh Eihw, m-

mad U.S. i Ep, a ad hldall wa imial—wih m xpi. T JCS

akd Eihw hi “dii” xmp

wa imial wh ld b d “ illig ad

h miliay a” ( g 3).18

A aly a h mm 1945, U.S. illi-

g agi i pid Gmay ad Aia

bga ig Gma ad idividal m h

Axi ai a imai. Iiially, h

Uid Sa mplyd h idividal, ildig

m Gma miliay ad illig pl,

ah ppl bj amai a

pd Nazi ia mvm agai

h Allid pai. T Amy CIC ad h OSS

w bh aiv i h aly pwa illig

pai. Wih i mig bw Ea ad W,

ah id bga m my pl

la m ab h h. T U.S. Amy,

xampl, xivly igad Gma miliay

pl wh had vd h a . T

Amy’ illig mp, G-2, gh ima-

i ab Svi miliay gaizai, qipm,

ai, ad mba iv. Evally, h

Amy pvidd aig Gal Rihad G-

hl, h m hi h Fmd H O (F-ig Ami–Ea), h Gma Amy Sa p-

ibl illig h USSR dig Wld Wa

II. lll hi pibilii, Ghl mplyd

m Gma ad h wh had pad

i Ea Ep m a lag Gma illig

vi kw a h Ghl Ogaizai, h p-

d h Bdahihdi (BND), h

Fdal (W Gma) Illig Svi.19

3. Background o the Acts




Figure 3 JCS directives to General Dwight Eisenhower

Source: RG 218, Ey 2, Bx 71, Fld “CCS 383.21 Gmay (2-22-44) . 7,” Dii h Cmmad-i-Chi

h Uid Sa F Opai Rgadig h Miliay Gvm Gmay, May 10, 1945.



20. S Klaus Barbie and the United States Government: A Report to the Attorney General o the United States (Wahig, DC:GPO, Ag 1983). Availabl a www.dj.gv/imial/pblid/11-1pi/m15.pd.

21. Cal Illig Agy A 1949 Si 8, (63 Sa. 208), J 20, 1949.

22. Mmadm h Cmmadig Gal, Amy Gd F, 6 Jly 1945, NA, RG 319, NM-3, Ey 47B, 400.112

(Rah) 14 May 1945, Fld–Implm. G. Pliy, ab 1 (pag 16-18), Expliai Gma Spiali i Si ad

hlgy i h Uid Sa, .d., 270/05/04/01, Bx 991.

23. Cla Laby, Project Paperclip (Nw Yk: Ahm, 1975) 89, iig abl, G-2, Wa Dpam Cmmadig

Gal U.S. F Epa Ta, Jly 25, 1945.

Background o the Acts 1

By h la 1940, h Amy CIC had ablihd

may ag wk wihi h pai z ad

xdig i Ea Ep. T wk m-

plyd m ag, m whm had aid

waim bakgd. T Amy CIC i Gmay,

xampl, id ad hld Kla Babi,

“T Bh Ly,” a SS la vid

hi l i dig p Jw i Fa ad

bally ppig h Fh Ria. T U.S.

Amy mggld Babi Ep hgh a “a-

li” ap , ablig him ap

ji m ha 30 ya i hi Sh Ami-

a hid.20 A h a i h Babi a bam

kw i h 1980, h qi aally a a

whh h Uid Sa gav h h am p-

iv am ad whh h wa vid h pi i U.S. Gvm d.

T CIA, ad i Spmb 1947, ihid

illig pai—whih la ildd h G-

hl Ogaizai—ad ag i Ep m h

U.S. Amy ad h gaizai ha had dd

h OSS a i wa dibadd i Ob 1945. T

dmad Amia pliymak illig

h Svi Ui, pld wih a igia x-

pai h CIA’ wldwid mii, ld apid

alai ag im a 1948. T la1940 ad aly 1950, pailaly a h bak

h Ka Wa, aw a maj xpai CIA i-

llig pj agig h Svi Ui. T

pj d a mb ppl i Ep wh had

b Nazi wh had llabad wih hm ly a

w ya ali.

I h a ablihig h CIA, Cg

ahizd h Di Cal Illig, wih

agm m h Ay Gal ad h Cm-

mii Immigai, allw p a hdd

ppl a ya h Uid Sa i hi y

wa dmid b i “h i aial -

iy ial h ha h aial

iy mii.”21 Ti -alld Hdd P

A wa d pimaily l d i h

Uid Sa av hm m kidappig v

md a h had h Svi illig vi.

May h ppl ld b admid hgh

gla immigai pd ba immigai

qa w limid ba U.S. immigai law

phibid h y ali wh w, had b,

Cmmi pay mmb Nazi. Hwv, -

d h Hdd P A, m ppl w -

abld h Uid Sa “wih gad hi iadmiibiliy d immigai ay h

law glai.”

Whil h OSS ad i d m

Nazi ad hi llaba illig pp-

, h Wa Dpam bga a maj big

Gma ii ad gi h Uid Sa.

Ti vd w pp: bai h b-

Gma ii ah ad hlgial

adva, ad dy h b h Svi,

wh w likwi kig p h vi Gma ii ad gi. I Jly 1945, h

Ji Chi Sa pially ahizd a

xpli “h a mid wh iig il-

lal pdiviy w wih ” d h p--

pj d amd Ova.22 T JCS did

ha p 350 piali, maily m Gmay ad

Aia, hld b bgh immdialy h Uid

Sa.23 T h piali aivd i h Uid



24. GPO, “Iim Expliai Gma ad Aia Spiali Ud Pj Paplip,” Foreign Relations o the United

States 1946 , 5 (1969):690. S al Lida H, Secret Agenda: Te United States Government, Nazi Scientists, and Project Paper-

clip, 1945-1990 (Nw Yk: S. Mai’ P, 1991).

25. Laby, Project Paperclip; m Bw, Te Paperclip Conspiracy: Te Hunt or Nazi Scientists (B: Lil, Bw, & C.,

1987); H, Secret Agenda .

26. O dii a Milwk ad Rdlph’ l i lav lab pai, Mihal J. Nld, Te Rocket and the Reich:

Peenemünde and the Coming o the Ballistic Missile Era (Nw Yk: T F P, 1995), 184-189, 200-213, 227-229.


Sa i 1945, whil h wa wih Japa wa ill b-

ig wagd.

By 1946, h Pag’ Ji Illig Obj-

iv Agy (JIOA) had bg phig a vid

ad lag pgam iig Gma ad Ai-

a ii ad hiia. T JIOA wad 1,000

m my ii, ad i gh ahiy

ga hm Amia iizhip. T JIOA dd

Pidial ahiy ba may h Gma

ii ad hiia had b mmb Nazi

gaizai; miil xp Wh v Ba,

ia, had b a SS . Pid ma

ahizd h JIOA’ pla i Spmb 1946, b

iid ha ly “mial paiipa” i h Nazi

Pay, “aiv pp,” b pmid paii-

pa i h pgam, whih k h d am PjPaplip. Hwv, ma advid ha piali

wh w awadd “pii h” by h Nazi

gim “ii hial abiliy” hld

b amaially diqalid m h pgam.24 I

wa l a pal iig paiv h

Dpam Ji ad Sa l ah p-

iali whm h JIOA wad big h Uid

Sa. I aly 1947, hi pal bga viwig d-

i ppad i Gmay by h O Miliay

Gvm—Uid Sa (OMGUS). T d-i w bad Amy CIC ivigai. I h

adida had b laid a a aal pial

ha h iy h Uid Sa, h wa

lil ha h piali’ ivig pmii

immiga h Uid Sa. Sm h ii

w idid a h h bai Nazi pa, ad

h viw pal adigly jd h Pag’

q ha h idividal b pmid immi-

ga. Cqly, h JIOA di wid h di-

illig a h U.S. Epa Cmmad

ad qd ha h Amy CIC vi m iy

p ha ai ii ld paiipa i

Pj Paplip (g 4).

Bw 1945 ad 1955, 765 ii, gi-

, ad hiia w bgh h Uid

Sa d Ova, Paplip, ad imila p-

gam. Ah Cla Laby ima ha p

80 p h immiga piali w m

Nazi Pay mmb. By h la-1980, h

hm had l h y vai a laig

hi waim aivii.25 T m wll kw

h wa Ah Rdlph. Dig Wld Wa

II, Rdlph vd a h hi pdi

gi h Gma V-2 miil pj. R-dlph w wk h Wa Dpam, wh

h wa limaly plad i hag bildig h

Phig miil. H ad NASA a i

ai i 1958, vig a h pj di

h Sa V k pgam. H l h Uid

Sa i 1984 ad dd hi U.S. iizhip

llwig OSI’ divy hi l a Milwk,

h dgd V-2 miil ay i Ndha-

, wh m ai amp ima

bgh i pm lav lab w wkd dah killd igh.26

Searching or Axis Criminals in the United States Whil a w wa imial ad llaba d

h Uid Sa wih h aia h Uid

Sa Gvm, may m a kw hav

m hi y wih mal ii.

T Diplad P A 1948 ahizd h im-



Source: Cabl JIOA 4102, OMGUS Siy Rp PAPERCLIP Spiali, Bq N. Wb Di Illig,

Epa Cmmad, 4 Dmb 1947, (pag 1 3) i RG 330, Rd h O h Say D, O

Rah ad Egiig, JIOA, Gal Cpd 1946-1952, Ey 1A, Bx 9, Fld “Ta Cpd

(Mi.) m Ja.-D. 1947.


Figure 4 JIOA memorandum on Project Paperclip, 4 December 1947



27. Ala J. Rya J., Quiet Neighbors: Prosecuting Nazi War Criminals in America (Nw Yk: Ha, Ba, Jvavih,

1984), 5.28. Cmpll Gal h Uid Sa, Nazi and Axis Collaborators Were Used to Further U.S. Anti-Communist Objectives

in Europe—Some Immigrated to the United States , GAO Rp GGD-85-66 (Wahig, DC: GAO, 1985), 11-12.

29. Rya, Quiet Neighbors , 42-45.

30. Cmpll Gal h Uid Sa, Widespread Conspiracy o Obstruct Probes o Alleged Nazi War Criminals Not Sup-

ported By Available Evidence—Controversy May Continue , GAO Rp GGD-78-73 (Wahig, DC: GAO, 1978).

31. Elizabh Hlzma wih Cyhia L. Cp, Who Said it Would be Easy? One Woman’s Lie in the Political Arena (Nw Yk:

Aad, 1996), 92.


migai v 400,000 Epa h Uid

Sa v a -ya pid. T law pially d-

id ligibiliy ppl wh aid Nazi Gmay

i pig ivilia.27 T Amy CIC d all

applia wh wihd m h Uid Sa

d h 1948 Diplad P A ad may

h wh la gh y d h 1953 Rg

Rli A. U.S. ahii jd had via

applia hi pd waim aivii; hw-

v, h Amy ld ll i ima-

i all applia ba h majiy am m

Cmmi Ea Epa i ha w

paig wih U.S. ahii. Wa imial -

dd i vadig idiai by imply llig

Amia ial ab hi aivii bw 1933

ad 1945 by lyig ab hi pa ad pmig hmlv a “ai-mmi.”28

T Uid Sa had h pgam ha ad-

mid ig i h ya a 1945. T Ldg

A 1950 a amdd, xampl, ahizd h

U.S. Amy i 12,000 ali aial id h

Uid Sa, gaig iizhip a v ya

vi. T Immigai ad Naialiy A (INA)

1952 did xpliily phibi Nazi wa imial

ad llaba m ig h Uid Sa.

Pi iad gial i h mid-1970, h Immigai ad Naalizai Svi,

whih had h pibiliy iviga allgai

ab ali wh migh b bj dpai,

pd w dpai a agai allgd Nazi

ad llaba, ly whm wa lly

pd aal dpai.29 O h Nazi

imial, Hmi Bai-Rya, wa mvd

m h Uid Sa i 1973 pa a xa-

dii q m h W Gma Gvm,

whih d h li impim im

mmid a Majdak Cai Camp. A-

dig a 1978 GAO p, INS ivigai

m a b 1973 “w di py,”

ad i m a “ ivigai wa dd.” 30

Idd, IWG mmb ad h-Mmb Cg

Elizabh Hlzma alld h dimay p viw-

ig INS ivigai l i 1974: “I pd h

l. I aid imai m val ,

ah laimig ha h p had b a Nazi pli

i Lavia ad had killd may Jw. T Im-

migai Svi, i p, mly viid h ma

ad iqid ab hi halh.”31 I 1978, h Hlzma Amdm h Im-

migai ad Naialiy A dlad iligibl

y i h Uid Sa ay ali wh “dd,

iid, aid, hwi paiipad i h p-

i ay p ba a, ligi, a-

ial igi, pliial pii” bw Mah 23,

1933, ad May 8, 1945. A lad pvii h

amdm allwd h dpai ppa

alady i h y. T Hlzma Amdm

i h di ad h Dil A, whih h am lagag d wa imialiy.

Ai m h pbli ad m Cg -

ld i iad INS a 1974. By Apil

1978, h agy had lld a li 252 allgai,

ad a pd b 1973 w -valad ad

mim pd. I addii, h Gvm



32. GAO, Nazi War Criminals Not Supported by Available Evidence , ii.

33. S hp://www.dj.gv/imial/pblid/11-1pi/m22.pd h Vbl p ad hp://www.dj.gv/

imial/pblid/11-1pi/m15.pd h Babi p.

34. Blhwig wa lly pd by OSI ad i did i imhy Naali, “T CIA ad Eihma’ Aia,”

U.S. Intelligence and the Nazis (Wahig, DC: Naial Ahiv Fd Bad h Nazi Wa Cim ad Japa

Impial Gvm Rd Iagy Wkig Gp, 2004). T IWG ivd dlaid l m h CIA all 12

h idividal pd i h GAO dy.


iid lgal pdig agai 13 ppl.32 T

ai al ld h mai a Spial Liiga-

i Ui a h INS i 1977. I Spmb 1979,

“Nazi hig” i h Uid Sa wa iiiad a

mphiv bai wih h ai h O

Spial Ivigai wihi h Cimial Divii

h Dpam Ji. OSI’ mii i id-

iy, daaliz, ad dp idividal wh paii-

pad i Nazi- ad h Axi-pd a p-

i. da, OSI ha w lgal vii agai

104 dda wh aid i Nazi im ad ha

blkd m ha 175 pd Axi imial m

ig h Uid Sa. A hi wiig, h mall

i ha 16 ivil pi agai Nazi imial

dway i Fdal a h y.

OSI ha al ivigad val allgai hah Uid Sa mplyd Nazi wa imial a i-

llig ima. OSI’ 1983 p i Kla

Babi ivigai pblily dmd h l

playd by h Amy CIC i Babi’ vai j-

i m ha 30 ya ad pmpd h Uid

Sa i a mal aplgy Fa. A J

1988 OSI p vald ha a la 14 pd

Nazi wa imial, a mb whm likly w

ivlvd i h md Jw i pid Ep,

had b mplyd a illig ima by h Amy CIC i Aia.33

O May 17, 1982, h Chai h H Cm-

mi h Jdiiay, llwig allgai mad

h lvii pgam 60 Minutes ha Fdal ag-

i mad a i big Nazi wa imi-

al i hi y ad p hm hy

w admid, akd h GAO p i 1978 i-

vigai dmi whh h w ay U.S.

Gvm pgam hlp Nazi wa imial ad

Axi llaba immiga h Uid Sa ad

al hi bakgd. T Cmmi al akd

h GAO iviga whh U.S. agi wkd

wih ad pd Kla Babi, i paila.

T GAO imd Cg i J 1985 ha

i had d vid ay U.S. agy pgam

digd pially hlp Nazi Axi llaba-

immiga h Uid Sa. Hwv, i did

idiy v Nazi Axi llaba wih di-

abl qiabl bakgd wh ivd m

idividal aia i ig h y. w

hm, h GAO d, w bqly pd

m ivigai. Alhgh h GAO did am

h idividal, hy appa hav b Mykla Lb-d ad O v Blhwig.34 T CIA ppd

Lbd’ immigai d h Diplad P

A, ad h immigai v Blhwig d

h gla Gma qa. Lbd wa a Ukaiia

aiali wh llabad wih h Nazi wh

vi. Blhwig had ahd a Nazi pliy

dm “h Jwih pblm,” had b ivlvd

i h i Jwih Aai Dpam, ad had

b liai h Rmaia I Gad, amg hi

h ai-Smii aivii. T GAO pd hai did d ay dipai bw i iviga-

i ad OSI’ 1983 pbli p ha md ha

Kla Babi had b mplyd ad pd by h

Amy CIC. I addii, h GAO wa ai

“ha i baid all lva imai” m U.S.

illig agi “idid all Nazi ad Axi

llaba whm U.S. agi hlpd immiga,”



35. GAO, Nazis and Axis Collaborators Were Used to Further U.S. Anti-Communist Objectives .

36. Nal M. Sh, In the Matter o Kurt Waldheim, (Wahig, DC: O Spial Ivigai, Cimial Divii,

1987), 5.37. Rb E. Hzi, Waldheim: Te Missing Years (Ld: Ga, 1988). S al Rb E. Hzi, imy b

h Sbmmi Gvm Maagm, Imai, ad hlgy h U.S. H Rpaiv, Jly 14,

1998; ad Elizabh Hlzma, imy b h Sbmmi Gvm Maagm, Imai, ad hl-

gy h U.S. H Rpaiv, Jly 14, 1998. aip bh a availabl a hp://www.a.g/gp/g/

h071498/idx.hml.

38. Kvi C. R, “K Waldhim ad h Cal Illig Agy,” 52.

39. R, “K Waldhim ad h Cal Illig Agy,” 56.


ad i dlid pla h aal mb

idividal wh w aid i h y.35

Sh aiy, gdd by h la i-

llig agi pd dmay vid,

ghd all lgilai madaig ll di-

l by h agi.

Amid hi qiig h U.S. illig

laihip wih Nazi, h ma K Wald-

him (UN Say-Gal 1972-81) a a h

pxima a dil lgilai. I h

mid-1980, h Wld Jwih Cg ad h OSI

ah ivigad Waldhim’ waim vi i h

Gma Amy i h Balka. T ivigai

vald Waldhim’ aiai, i m apaiy,

wih h pial killig hag, h apa-

i viim ai ad dah amp,lav lab, ad miam ad xi pi-

wa i Yglavia ad G.36 Ai

by P Rb E. Hzi ha h CIA had

mplyd Waldhim a h wa a a illig

a ag ld all by mmb Cg ad

h pbli g, ildig Elizabh Hlzma,

h CIA ha wih Cg la

h pbli h imai ha i had lld

Waldhim.37 T agy wa hmig, ad

wihhld h d ppdly p “iggvm imai” ad “ ad mhd.”

T agy gally ad Cgial q

hi ma, a CIA a hiia phad i,

wih “a avali aid.”38 T CIA’ piv-

ld pii ha h agy wa vig p

a illig laihip wih Waldhim ha i

had ai vid hi wa imialiy.

I Apil 1987, aig OSI’ mmdai,

h Ay Gal plad Waldhim’ am h

bd l wah li, pmaly baig him

m h Uid Sa d h Hlzma Amd-

m.

T CIA maid paiv hgh h

1980 ad m h 1990, givig baai -

p Cgial q dmai,

a pi v llig Cgma Sv Slaz

l a Fdm Imai A (FOIA) q

bai h imai Waldhim h qd.39

Mh h Waldhim l wa lad d

h NWCDA i 2001. A i d , h CIA

had d mh ah Waldhim’ waimaivii.

Tracing Stolen Assets Addiial p dlaiy Nazi-lad d-

m am m wd i i aig ad -

vig ld a ad baiig d m ii-

i ha had pd m Nazi h. Rah i

Ep by h Wld Jwih Cg i 1995 ld

i impa divi ab h hldig Swi

bak, whih i ipid a ampaig la hll h ab h dipii bak a, gld,

ad h a viim Nazi pi.

T ah imai i U.S. Gvm

d ld a bga i Mah 1996, wh

ah m h Wld Jwih Cg viid



40. Rlva d a h Naial Ahiv, m whih had b pblily availabl m im, a aid wihi

hiy d gp ad mpi m 15 milli pag dm.

41. O h P Say, “Rmak by Pid Sigig Hla Viim Rd A,” Pidial Rmak,

13 Fbay 1998. Availabl a hp://www.lipidial.g/lgay/021398-mak-by-pid--igig--

hla-viim-d-a.hm.

42. U.S. Dpam Sa, U.S. and Allied Eorts to Recover and Restore Gold and Other Assets Stolen or Hidden by Germany During World War II: Preliminary Study , Rp S 1.2:G 56/Plim (Wahig, DC: GPO, 1997); ad U.S. and Allied War-

time and Postwar Relations and Negotiations with Argentina, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and urkey on Looted Gold and German

External Assets and U.S. Concerns About the Fate o the Wartime Ustasha reasury , Rp S 1.2:G 56/SUPP (Wahig, DC:

GPO, 1998).

43. Plunder And Restitution: Findings and Recommendations o the Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the

United States and Sta Report (Wahig, DC: GPO 2000). Availabl a hp://www.hlaa.gv/PldRii.

hml/hml/Hm_C.hml.


h Naial Ahiv ah d gad-

ig Wld Wa II–a dma Swi bak a

blgig Jw. Ti ah xpadd i i-

dig ld gld, a, ad h l

a. By midmm 1996, h w

ah lkig i “Nazi Gld” d a h

Naial Ahiv, a wll a a h ahiv ad

h wld.40

Ciig a di “big whav ma j-

i migh b pibl Hla viv, hi

amili, ad h hi h wh hav pihd,” i

h all 1996, Pid Cli akd h-Ud

Say Cmm Sa E. Eiza, wh al

vd a Spial Evy h Dpam Sa

Ppy Rii i Cal ad Ea Ep,

hai a iagy gp hagd wih ppaig a p ha wld lly dib v

ad gld h Nazi had ak m h al

bak pid Ep, a wll a gld ad h

a l m idividal.41

T Eiza gp vally id w -

p.42 Rgizig ha “h U.S. Gvm had

i i pi a md am imai

baig ld a, ildig h mially

hagd b lil dd i ‘Nazi Gld,’”

h p w bad pimaily h d hSa Dpam, h ay, h Amy, ad h

OSS, agi ivlvd wih a qi dig

h wa ad pwa pid. T p pd

h p, divd by OSI hiia wkig

wih Naial Ahiv pl, ha gld l

m Nazi viim had b ad dig h

wa by h Gma Rihbak h Swi Nai-

al Bak, ad ha h viim-igi gld had b

ad by h Uid Sa m h Rihbak

i h gld k h ipai Gld Cmmi-

i (GC). A a l hi vid, milli

dlla wh GC gld wa ld, ad h pd

m h al w d b viim Nazi p-

i.

I J 1998, ligig qi ab Hl-

a-a a ha may hav m d h -

l h Uid Sa Gvm ld Cg

a a Pidial Adviy Cmmii Hl-a A i h Uid Sa. T IWG wkd

lly wih h A Cmmii. T Cmmi-

i id a p i Dmb 2000, dig ha,

alhgh h U.S. Gvm’ a-

ighl w wa “xmplay,” i h-

l ll h.43

T dmay vid ab ld a i-

ad h xpai ha laid gvm -

d wld hld aw may ligig qi

byd h pially gadig a, ildig qi ab wa imial ad U.S. Gvm

laihip wih hm.



44. Shld H. Hai, Factories o Death: Japanese Secret Biological Warare, 1932-45, and the American Coverup, Rv. d. (Nw Yk: Rldg, 2002); Ii Chag, Te Rape o Nanking: Te Forgotten Holocaust o World War II (Nw Yk: Bai Bk,

1997).

45. Rp by Jayk Ryld, “U.S. Pi Wa ad Civilia Ciiz Capd ad Id by Japa i Wld Wa II:

T I Cmpai by Japa” (Wahig, DC: Cgial Rah Svi, Jly 7, 2001).

46. H C Rli 126 “Expig h S Cg Cig Wa Cim Cmmid By h Japa

Miliay Dig WWII,” 105h Cg. Availabl li a hp://wbga.a.gp.gv/gi-bi/gd.gi?dbam=105_

g_bill&did=:h126ih.x.


Japan Under ScrutinyPbli i i Japa wa im a imi-

ly i h pwa pid a h i viim

ivd pbli i a a l hiial ad

ppla di ad mdia ai. Bk h a

h la Shld Hai’ 1994 Factories o Death: Japa-

nese Biological Warare 1932-1945 and the American

Cover-up ad h la Ii Chag’ 1997 b ll, Te

Rape o Nanking , hlpd giv h bj viibiliy.44

T ali gp iv ai w Amia

POW ad ivilia i wh mad laim d

h Wa Claim A a i paag i 1948. Hw-

v, miad POW, x lav (h -alld “m-

wm”), ivilia i, ad d lab

maid diaid wih h x mpa-

i—i ay— hi ig. Ev m aiia h gp, hwv, ha b h ail

h Japa Gvm aplgiz lly i

waim bhavi wih gad a ly h a

hah d lab, dii abad h POW a-

p kw a “hll hip,” ad h imial baliy

h Baaa Dah Mah. Viim hav padly

alld d, iig a pd lm i

h la 1990 bw viim Nazi lig ad h

Gma Gvm ad Swi bak.

I h 1990, w ha 16 ma dal-ig wih Japa wa im w idd i h

Cg i amp m d

viim.45 F ia, i 1997 a ji li

wa idd i Cg ha xpd a mb

gp’ ai wih h a h Uid

Sa ad Japa gvm wih p

Japa aabiliy wa im mmid by

Impial Japa. H C Rli 126

gh xp h Cg ig

wa im mmid by h Japa miliay d-

ig Wld Wa II. A liig paila ,

haaizd a “ai im agai hmaiy,”

h li alld Japa

(1) mally i a la ad ambig apl-

gy h ai wa im mmid by

h Japa miliay dig Wld Wa II; ad

(2) immdialy pay paai h viim

h im, ildig Uid Sa miliay ad

ivilia pi wa, ppl Gam wh

w bjd vil ad impim,

viv h “Rap Najig” m Dm-

b, 1937, il Fbay, 1938, ad h wm

wh w d i xal lavy ad kw by

h Japa miliay a “m wm.”46

Alhgh pad, h li gizd

h lgadig ai viim ad gid

diaiai wih h Gvm’ pii ha

Amia lawi agai Japa ad Japa mpa-

i v wa im w pldd by h 1951 Pa

ay bw h Uid Sa ad Japa, dpi id

agm pvidig Amia wih am m-paabl ha mpad viim i h -

i. T mvm all Japa a mmd

i pa m diaiai wih pivd pwa l-

iy wad Japa ad Japa wa imial, a l-

iy ha wa pa h g ha y

mly i h Amia amp dig h Cld Wa.

By Fbay 2000, m ha a dz la-



47. Elizabh Hlzma DCI Rb Ga, 26 Mah 1992, ad Adm. William O. Sdma Hlzma, 10 Ag

1992. Cpi h l a i h CIA Lbd Nam Fil qd by Kvi C. R, “Illig Mip: K Wald-

him ad h Cal Illig Agy,” Studies in Intelligence (2003), 60. R, a CIA a hiia, dib h CIA’p h Waldhim vlai ad gial i i hi a. T a wa dlaid ad lad d

h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A.

48. R, “K Waldhim ad h Cal Illig Agy,” 61.

49. A. M. Rhal, “T Waldhim Fil,” New York imes , 24 May 1994, A19.

50. Kvi C. R, “K Waldhim ad h Cal Illig Agy,” Studies in Intelligence (2003), 61.

51. A. M. Rhal, “M. Maly ad M. Waldhim,” New York imes , 25 J 1996, A21.

52. H.R. 1281 104h Cg, 2d i. Cgial Rd, (Spmb 24, 1996).


ai lawi had b ld i h Uid Sa

agai Japa pai by m Allid

pi wa, ivilia i, ad Aia

lav lab. Addiial i w ld ad i

ppaai Japa kig d

“m wm,” lav lab, ad h viim

Japa im, all whm dmadd a Japa

aplgy ad mpai m Japa . T

Sim Wihal C lbbid Ay Gal

Ja R ad h Pag h la U.S.

dm ig ami gad Japa

wa imial, ildig ami gad

pvi Japa’ bilgial ad hmial waa

pgam i xhag h daa baid m

xpim dd hma i h iam

Ui 731, Japa’ bilgial waa i.

Passage o the StatutesI 1992, wih h piv h CIA v

h Waldhim aai i h bakgd, m C-

gwma ad U.S. Sa adida Elizabh

Hlzma w h Di Cal Illi-

g qig h la l Nazi wa imi-

al, hagig ha “[i] h p mplyig h

ppl ad bigig hm a hav i h Uid

Sa ad lwh, law w bk, li w ld,ad h Pid, Cg, h gvm ag-

i ad h pbli w divd. B w ill d’

kw h whl y.” I p, h Aig DCI,

Adm. William O. Sdma, mad a mmim

Hlzma ha h l wld b viwd ad a-

d h Naial Ahiv.47 T pmi wa

llld.48

A ya ad a hal la, A. M. Rhal, iig

h Waldhim a, ad awa h CIA’ -

piv, diializd i h New York imes ha

i wa im h Cg pa lgilai “p-

vig gvm agi m dyig ima-

i ab Wld Wa II wa im.”49 akig p h

a ll dil, ad aig ha “h CIA

wihhld iial imai ab K Waldhim’

Nazi pa,” Rpaiv Caly Maly (D-NY)

idd “T Wa Cim Dil A” i A-

g 1994. T bill xpd h Cg

ha “Uid Sa Gvm agi i p-

i d ab idividal wh a allgd

hav mmid Nazi wa im hld mak hd pbli.” T CIA ppd h ma

gd ha i wld mpmi CIA ad

h pi ad mhd.50 Alhgh

h Cg k al ai ha ya, M. Ma-

ly idd h bill i Mah 1995 wih -

m p ad ga ai by h mdia,

piipally h New York imes .51 T a pad i

Spmb 1996, wih Maly ig ha whil

may ai w makig hi Nazi wa imial

l pbli, m U.S. agi had “ily didFdm Imai A q imai

ab idividal wh mmid Nazi wa im,”

ad ha h dil h d pd ha

U.S. aial i.52 T Sa d ad

Pid Cli igd h a i law Ob



53. Nazi Wa Cim Dil A, Congressional Record , 105h Cg, 2d i, (J 19, 1998) S6727.

54. S Bg Mmadm, “Pha w Implmai h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A: Idiai ad Dil-

Japa Wa Cim Rd” i appdix 6.


19, 1996. Hwv, adva ga p

gizd ha i wld ak m ha gig by

Cg agi v lgadig plii

pig illig d.

I Nvmb 1997, Sa Mik DWi (R-

Ohi) idd h Nazi Wa Cim Dil

A (S. 1379), a bill bad h lagag ad p-

mpi h ali a b pvidig addiial

dii h Exiv Bah ad a Iagy

Wkig Gp a a mhaim implmai.

T Sa adpd h bill i J 1998. A ha

im, Sa DWi d ha “hi p-aiv

ah i ay ba a ll gvm ah

ad ivy ha v b mpld.” H i-

d, “[W]ha w a yig d wih hi bill i ik

a la bala amg gvm’ lgiima a-ial iy i, h lgiima pivay i-

idividal, ad h ppl’ di kw h

h ab Nazi aii.” Sa Dail Paik

Myiha (D-NY) addd,

Rah kig imai Nazi wa

imial ad h a hi viim will hav

pdd a lva maial i h

pi h Uid Sa Gvm,

whih il w hav maid laid. I imy viw ha h dm hav b hld

a lg. Wll byd h im wh hi

dil migh hav pd a ha aial

iy—i idd h dil v did.53

I J 1998, Rpaiv Maly i-

dd T Nazi Wa Cim Dil A i h

H wh i wa pad i Ag 1998. Pid

Cli igd h a i law Ob 8.

T ili Japa wa im dd hi a wa md mally val -

ai. Si 3(a)(1)(D) h a v d

laig “ay gvm whih wa a ally h

Nazi Gvm Gmay.” A dlibaig

v h i h a, h IWG ldd ha

h iapabl maig h a’ lagag m-

pad ly wa im d laig Nazi

Gmay ad i Epa alli, b al Japa.

Fh, i haig b h Sa Sl Cmmi-

Illig Spmb 16, 1999, ad h

H Sbmmi Gvm Maagm,

Imai ad hlgy J 27, 2000, h

piipal H ad Sa p h lgilai

ppd h ili Japa-lad d.

Fially, h ili Japa-lad d wih-

i h ambi h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A

wa md by h Exiv Bah i h Dm-

b 2000 akig mmadm maj ExivBah agi m Saml Bg, h Aia

h Pid Naial Siy Aai.54

P a a pially did a Japa-

wa im hl gaid mmm. I

Dmb 2000, a pa h Illig Ah-

izai A, Cg pad h Japa Impial

Gvm Dil A mak xplii h -

qim ild Japa wa im amg h

d b idid ad dlaid.

Ti a pially addd dlaiai ad -la d lad Japa wa im b

ad dig Wld Wa II h IWG’ pibilii.

Up i paag, h a qid m laiai b-

a h il ad dii i h a ld hav b

d ma ha h bj h lgilai wa

h la d i h pi h Japa

gvm. I Dmb 2000, i a llqy h

f h Sa hld xplai h m h a,

h a’ piipal p, Sa Dia Fii

(D-CA), laly dd ha h d vd by ha w d i U.S. Gvm pi.

Up igig h Illig Ahizai A,



55. Sigig am H.R. 5630. h “Illig Ahizai A Fial Ya 2001, Sam by h Pid,” h

Whi H, O h P Say, Dmb 27, 2000.


Dmb 27, 2000, Pid Cli pvidd

hi dadig ha Japa wa im-lad -

d alady big pd dil d h

Nazi Wa Cim Dil A wld i

b pd d ha a:

il VIII h A h qim gv-

ig h dlaiai ad dil Japa-

Impial Amy d, a dd by h A.

T Exiv Bah ha pvily b dla-

iyig Uid Sa Gvm d lad

Japa wa im d h pvii h

Nazi Wa Cim Dil A, Pbli Law 105-

246; qly, I dad ha il VIII

d apply d dgig dlaia-

i pa h Nazi Wa Cim Dil

A.55

Ba h paiy maiig laid

Japa wa im d ad h a ha Japa

wa im-lad laid d w alady b-

ig pd d h NWCDA, h IWG g-

izd di i h am d d

h mbid a.

I Jaay 2004, Cg xdd h Japa

Impial Gvm Dil A ya,

il Mah 2005, ad agai i Fbay 2005 -

il Mah 2007. Bh xi w gd by h

IWG pbli mmb, wh dmid ha h CIA

dd addiial im mply wih h law wih

p bh Japa ad Nazi wa im d.

T JIGDA wa xdd, ah ha h NWCDA,

ba h Nazi Wa Cim A had xpid i 2002

ad all bq ah ad dlaiai aivi-i, bh h Pai ad Epa Ta, w

big aid d h JIGDA.



56. www.ahiv.gv/iwg/.

Fm Jaay 1999 Mah 2007, h ll IWG m

38 im. A imal bmmi (did b-

lw) m may m im dal wih implma-

i i i dail.

T IWG kp h pbli imd i pg-

i a mb way. Fi, IWG mig w

p h pbli, xp h pi i whihlaid imai wa did. I addii, h

IWG hld p m i Nw Yk, L Agl,

ad Clvlad p pg h pbli ad

lii imai ai i h ah d.

T IWG al pidially pblihd a wl,

Disclosure . T IWG lad Cg i iim

p h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A i O-

b 1999, ad i iim p h Japa Im-

pial Gvm Dil A i Mah 2002. I

id p la ad pdd mdia iqii.Fh, h IWG hld pbli pig pailaly

igia lli maial. F ia, h

IWG hld mdia big ai h

pig CIA am l ad igia FBI l.

T IWG’ Wb i, maiaid by h Naial A-

hiv, ai a abda imai ab h

IWG’ wk, ildig pi Disclosure , mig

mi, IWG’ gida agi, p la,

ad w pda. M impa, h Wb i i-

ld li wly dlaid l, whih pvid -ah immdia i availabiliy.56 Fially, a

a impa ibi hlahip a wll a a

illai hw h wly pd dmai

a ib dadig aial pa,

h IWG pblihd U.S. Intelligence and the Nazis , a

vlm idpd hiial di by IWG hi-

ia; Researching Japanese War Crimes: Introductory

Essays , a dipiv ay ab Japa wa

im d ad appah ig hm; ad wli dig aid.

IWG Personnel Whil agy mmb h IWG w pimaily

d wih laig ad dlaiyig d i

pi hi agi, gal vigh pi-

bilii w hadld by a IWG bmmi i-

ig h IWG Aig Chai, i pbli mmb, h

xiv di, h a di, h OSI di,

IWG adi, NARA ahivi, IWG hiia, advai advi, dpdig h pi a had. T

bmmi m padly viw agy mpli-

a wih h Dil A ad blh vai-

dlaiai i, ildig hlpig agi

la pial dm, ggig impvm

i agy ah agi, pvidig gida ad pa-

am agy ah, ad agig agi

dlaiy a mh maial a pibl, hby m-

plyig lly wih h law. T Aig Chai, aid

by h IWG Sa Di ad IWG Exiv Di-, al maagd IWG la.

4. Overview o the IWG and its Functions



57. S appdix 1 a li IWG a ad la.


Sta

Naial Ahiv ad Rd Admiiai ahi-

vi pvid ad dd h daily wk h

IWG, aig a piipal liai wih h agi,

pvidig gida ad xpi i d ad a-

hiv maagm, maiaiig d agy

mplia, viwig ai d dlaia-

i, ppaig dlaid maial pbli a,

pvidig ah aia h hiia, dvl-

pig dig aid h wly dlaid maial,

ad pvidig vi ah ad h

mdia. NARA al pvidd ad dd all admi-

iaiv vi ay pp h pai

h IWG, ildig bdgay, aial, ad -

aig vi; avl ad h lgiial aag-

m h IWG ad h Hiial Adviy Pal;ad aial ad mp vi.57

Historians

Ealy i h pj, h IWG gizd a d

hiial xpi ai i h ah lva

laid d, pla hm i hiial x,

ad dmi hi hiial val. T ak w

dak by idpd hiia, wh wkd

lly wih IWG a ahivi.

Iiially, h hiia wkd wih h IWGa gid h agi i hi plimiay d

ah. T hiia ibd ky wd

li ah, pvidd lad d bad

hi xpi wih imila agy d, ad

pd qi (h a, “Wha did h U.S. Gv-

m kw ab h Hla a i wa big pp-

ad?”), whih hlpd h ah agi. T

hiia hlpd h IWG dma agi

h lva ai dm, ablig hi -

la d h a. A wly lad d g-gd h p d ill divd, h

hiia qid h agi gadig h xi-

addiial d, whih ld h dlai-

ai ad pig h impa maial. T

hiia’ d ad m pblily viibl ak wa

illa h Cg ad h pbli hw wly

dlaid dm xpad ad h xiig

bdy kwldg ab wa im ad wa imial.

Ti ak wa mbdid i h hiial ad ahival

wk mid abv.

The Historical Advisory Panel

ga bad hiial advi ab i plii

ad ah agi, h IWG lid h aid di-

igihd hla i h ld. Ti paid Hii-

al Adviy Pal (HAP) mmdd ma

impv h iv h IWG ad h dal

agi i implmig h Dil A. T

pal, haid by P Ghad L. Wibg,

m val im ah ya mla advi hIWG bad lliv xpi i hiial -

ah ad aalyi. T HAP al viwd ad -

d valabl advi hi p ad h IWG’

w bk h dlaid d.

IWG Audit Team

ha h agi mplid wih h ah

ad dlaiai qim, h IWG -

ad h vi w piipal adi, wh

pd baial dlaiai ad lgal xpi-, a wll a xpi i h illig mm-

iy ad wih illig d. T adi w

lad a h p S SCI lvl. A dibd i

m dail blw, h adi phd iy

ad v a ha agi paid maximm

dil. I addii, hy d h p a

a whl wa dd i a lawl ad apa

ma.

Statutory Functions o the IWGT Dil A qid h IWG la la-

id Nazi ad Japa wa imial ad wa-im

lad d hld by h Uid Sa, mmd

h dlaiai h d, ad mak hm



58. Chap 5 pvid dail ah agy’ implmai p.

59. T agi w h dpam Cmm, D, Egy, Ji, Sa, ay, CIA, FBI, NARA, FRB,

NASA, ad USIA.

60. T Bg diiv a d i appdix 6.

Overview o the IWG 27

availabl h pbli (wih pi xpi). T

llwig i dail h IWG’ appah im-

plmig h a (illad by g 3).58

Locating Records

O Fbay 22, 1999, Saml Bg, Aia

h Pid Naial Siy Aai, did

agi bgi implmig h Nazi Wa Cim

Dil A.59 H dd agi dak

a plimiay vy hi d, diig hm

“ak a xpaiv viw h a i makig hi

vy ad i bq idiai d ad

dlaiai viw.” H aahd hi mm-

adm h IWG’ iiial gida h agi,

laiyig h yp ad pi d idd

lva ad iaig h p pii h law. “h x pmid by law,” h ad, “h gid-

a hld b idd ahiaiv.” H id a

imila diiv Dmb 5, 2000, iiia h

ah Japa wa im lad d.60

IWG Guidance on Preliminary Surveys

T IWG did agi ild i hi p-

limiay vy ay d ha w likely -

ai imai wa im, wa imial, a

pi, ad lig a. Alhgh h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A agd d im

mmid 1933–45 i paila ggaphi la-

i, lva d ld b dad p h p-

, ad hy ld b lad amg Gvm

d laig ay y i h wld.

I hi Dmb 5, 2000, mmadm, Bg

did agi la d hld by h U.S.

Gvm laig wa im mmid by

ag h Gvm Japa dig h pid

1931–45, alhgh h d hmlv ld havb ad la. T IWG advid agi giv

paila ai laig ay d lad

pi ga i h pbli ad hiia,

pailaly maial lad

Japa am pi wa ad i-

vilia i, ildig ay maial lad

d lav lab;

pi ad aii agai ivilia

pplai;

dvlpm ad hmial ad bi-

lgial waa ag, pially h wk

Gal Ihii, mdial xpimai

hma, ad Ui 731;

h -alld “m wm” pgam—h

Japa ymai lavm wm

bj pplai xal pp; adh U.S. Gvm dii a h wa

p h Emp ad ai wa

imial.

T IWG jid agi d hi -

vy wih h ii divig ad vally

dlaiyig as many documents as possible , mly

h ha w idipably qid by a aw i-

pai h law.

Search Tools

hlp agi lll hi pibiliy dla-

iy wa im d, h IWG had hlp h

agi d lva d amg h milli

d laig all h ap Wld Wa II

ad h immdia pwa pid. Cdig a

l plimiay vy wa a m hal-

lg agi val a. T pimay

a wa ha agi imply did l mai-

ai hi d adig agi ha wbvily maigl h Dil A. M

•

•

•

•

•



R e v i e w a

n d R e l e a s e R e c o r d s

I d e n t i f y

p o t e n t i a l l y

r e l e v a n t

r e c o r d s

D e c l a s s i e d r e c o r d s N

o f u r t h e r a c t i o n

I n i t i a l s e a r c h :

I s l e l i k e l y t o

c o n t a i n

r e l e v a n t r e c o r d s ?

A r e r e c o r d s

r e l e v a n t ?

C a n r e c o r d s

b e d e c l a s s i e d ?

D o e s D O E a g r e e ?

D o a g e n c i e s w i t h e q u i t y

a g r e e ?

A r e r e c o r d s

s u b j e c t t o

O S I e x c l u s i o n ?

P r i v a c y

r e v i e w :

A r e r e c o r d s

r e l e a s a b l e ?

A g e n c y

o r D O E r e v i e w : C a n r e c o r d

s

b e d e c l a s s i e d ?

D o e s I W G

c h a l l e n g e

t h e w i t h h o l d i n g ?

D e c l a s s i f y R e c o r d s

L o c a t

e R e l e v a n t R e c o r d s

N o f u r t h e r a c t i o n

I W G

r e p o r t s t o C o n g r e s s

C h a l l e n g e d

r e c o r d s

D e c l a s s i f e d

r e c o r d s

a v a i l a b l e a t N A R A

Y e s

Y e s

Y e s

Y e s

Y e s

Y e s

Y e s

Y e s

N o

N o

N o

N o

N o

N o

N

o


F i g u r e 5

I W G d e

c l a s s i f c a t i o n p r o c e s s




agi ld d by am idividal p-

gam. T am ld b ahd, b whih

h milli am migh b lva? Agy

pl w xpd b xp Wld

Wa II. Agy l al vaid by mdim. Sm

agi bga kpig a la pa hi l i

li m a aly a h 1970. Oh kp -

d i pap mim, b idxd hm l-

ially. I may a, a ll x ah m

l wa pibl, whil i h ly idi ld

b ahd by ky wd. All agi al mai-

aid pap l. I m a, pap l had b

pid milm ad h igial dyd. A

m agi, h h vlm l ha dd

b ahd pibl dlaiai pd

mall hallg. T IWG h k a a-iv l i hlpig agi ah hi d, d-

vlpig a vaiy ah l ha agy

vy, ildig:

iiial ad pplmal gida agi

implmig h a;

a -alld “60,000 Nam Li,” aally a

daaba dvlpd by OSI ha ai h

am SS , idividal hagd by

h UN Wa Cim Cmmii, idivid-al vid Nazi wa im, idividal

xadid by h U.S. miliay gvm

ad ial Nazi im, ad idividal

gally gadd by hiia a havig b

maj ppa Nazi im;

a li m, d am, pai, ad

h milgy mpild by h IWG a

ad pplmd by OSI, h hiia ad

h HAP;

a 66-pag ky-wd li appximaly 2,000 bj, gaizai, ad idividal

aiad wih wa im i Ea Aia ad h

Pai;

lad imai ha IWG hiia, h

HAP, ad a ggd wld likly b d

i agy l; ad

addiial li am ad pi pvidd

•

•

•

•

•

•

by IWG mmb, hiia, h HAP, ad

Naial Ahiv a a lad bj

mgd m h d.

T IWG qly ld wih hiia

ad, bad mmdai m h hla,

qly agi pdad li paial

m, bigaphial dail, ad h vy pi i-

mai ai hi ky-wd ah.

Oig ah agi ad gida ag-

i wa vy impa ba h pl a-

ally ahig agy d w likly hav

h bj-ma xpi ay d a

hgh ah. Nam li w h IWG’ m

aighwad ah l, m agi izd

h am ah a hi pimay—mim ly—appah. A a l, agi d pdmialy

a l ad di, h pibl gl pliy

l ad h l ha w gaizd by am.

T IWG v hgh pplm li ad

ag wid ah, b all agi xp

h Naial Ahiv ad h Sa Dpam, h

am ah maid h bai appah.

M agi w lly gagd i ahig

Nazi wa im maial wh h diiv

bgi h Japa-lad ah wa id b hpaag h Japa Impial Gvm Dil-

A. Evy agy xp h Naial Ahiv

h ld i Nazi ah b bgiig a

w ah lva Japa maial.

Preliminary Survey Results

Plimiay vy w baially mpld by

Jly 30, 1999, h Nazi-lad d ad by Ja-

ay 27, 2002, h Japa-lad d. Ag-

i had bmid a p ad implmaipla h IWG, whih dibd ad qaid

hi ad l ha pi ad h a

hdl mplyig wih h law.

Agy vy idid m ha 620 milli

pag ha aid maial potentially lva h

a. T pag w h vyd i m dph

idiy d ha w actually piv h



61. Agy-pi gida i dibd i hap 5.

62. S appdix 7 h 26 Jly 2001 mmadm.

63. Ia h hallg a pd i h idividal agy a i hap 5.

64. T CIA’ viw OSS l wa a xpi i ha h CIA pd whlal la h d.


a ad i a bj dlaiai viw.

A xpd, ah laid Japa ma-

ial did pd a lag qaiy dm.

T ah appad b a ig a h

Nazi-lad maial, b h wa mh l mai-

ig laid maial lad Japa.

Reviewing Records or Relevance

A plimiay vy lad bdi d

likly ai Nazi ad Japa wa imial d-

m, agi xamid hm dmi whih

l dm m amg h lag bdi

maial w lva h a ad h b-

j dlaiai viw. T IWG mmd-

d ha all d idid a pially laig

Nazi ad Japa wa im b viwd dla-iai, ma wha h bj ima

hi ai.61 Whil h IWG aimly

agd i piipl a bad ipai h

a, i pai, ai mmb agi diagd,

mim adamaly, ab whih dm w

i a lva.

Which Files are Relevant?

Diagm a v ipai i

3(a)(1) h NWCDA, whih idid a lvah d ha “pai ay p wih p

whm h Uid Sa Gvm, i i l

dii, ha gd bliv dd, iid, a-

id, hwi paiipad i h pi

ay p ba a, ligi, aial igi,

pliial pii …”

T IWG gh h dil all d -

lad Nazi wa im imial, v la -

d pd imial, aig ha ly hi

bad dadig llld h pii h law ad vd h pp ll dil i h hi-

ial ad ahival x. I a pap dad Jly 26,

2001, h IWG mphaizd ha “viw makig

dii gadig lvay maial a mid-

d ha l a lva i hy hd ligh ay Nazi/

Japa wa im pi v hgh h l

i qi, whh a idividal, gaizai,

pai, d ai di vid

imai ab pi wa im.”62

Gally, diagm v lva vlvd

ad qi whh ay d ha lad

a idividal i wa lva, v i h -

d il had lai wa im. Epially a

i w dm lad h aivii dig

h 1950 ad 1960, ad v la, idividal

gily pd wa im. F xampl, h

qi wa pi d m SS mm-b, id wa im, wh la wkd h

Ghl Ogaizai i pp U.S. illig

pai. I wa al pi h lva

Cld Wa a illig d ab Japa wa

imial wh, havig vd hi , bam

ial h Japa Gvm.63

Consistency

Diig dii lva pdd m i-

i l amg agi, v wihi a iglagy. F xampl, h Amy ad h FBI ip-

d h law badly, agig ha l pdd m

ah ig h 60,000 Nam Li ad h IWG-

pvidd ah m w pmpivly lva. I

a, h ix ya h pj, CIA -

idd a pwa l a idividal b lva

ly i (1) h bj wa a vid wa imial, (2)

h idividal’ l aid imai pi

wa im, (3) h wa i imai i-

diaig h w gd bliv ha h bj wa ivlvd i wa im a pi.64



65. Appdix 7, Mmadm Rlvay, 26 Jly 2001, aahm, p. 2.


Diaiai wih h CIA’ ipai

h law, pailaly h pa h pbli mm-

b, ld w xi h a. I 2004, h

a w xdd ya, ad 2005, h a

w xdd agai w ya. T IWG pb-

li mmb l, ad id mmb Cg

agd, ha h CIA dd bad i dii

wha wa lva d h a b mpaibl wih

h i Cg. I Fbay 2005, h CIA

agd -viw pvily wihhld imai

ad mak addiial ah d a badd

dii lva. Ti w appah pdd

a qaiy addiial maial, ildig ima-

i pvily dad ( g 6). T Agy’

wd wa gdbakig i h a

maial i pdd, a dibd i h CIA ihap 5.

Agi ig a bad adad lva al

hlpd pv h igiy dlaid l

ba a ga mb dm i ah l

ld b dlaid ad kp gh. O h h

had, a bad ipai h law iad a

agy’ wklad ad . A h aak Sp-

mb 11, 2001, law m, illig, -

ig aai, ad miliay agi hid

h wa im ad away m implmai h Dil A.

Fm h iv 620 milli pag, agi

idid a al 113 milli pag ha mid

ig pibl lva. Fm h, m

ha 8.5 milli pag w idid a aiig

lva maial ad waaig dlaiai -

viw d h a. A vy lag majiy wa -

lad Nazi wa im wa im i Ep; ly

142,000 pag w lad Japa wa im.

T p idiyig lva dm wa ily paa m h p viwig

dm dlaiai. A did blw,

dm idid a lva may hl

b wihhld a aial iy a a la

ag, hy may b dlaid y b xmp

xldd m la d h pvii h Di-

l A.

Declassiying Relevant Records

T IWG ily maiaid ha h w

i a priori a iig iy la-

iai lva d; ha i, h w types

d ha ld b wihhld amaially, ad

ay lva d m dg a hgh dla-

iai viw by apppia ahii. T Di-

l A xmpd d m dlaiai

pid a, ildig U.S. ig lai

ad diplmai aivii, illig ad

mhd, ad ai miliay ma. Adigly,

IWG gida agi pid ha dmld b wihhld dad l i wa vd x-

pliily by h xmpi. “Ev h,” IWG

gida id, “pi damag U.S. aial

iy i m b dmad jiy wih-

hldig daig lva imai.”65

T agy ha ad a dm wa p-

ibl i dlaiai viw ad iyig

ay h agy ha may hav had qiy (i)

i h dm. Eah gaizai wih qiy i a

dm wa ild d i w viw h dm. I m a, a dm dlaid

by agy wa wihhld by ah.

Agi dlaid dm i whl i

pa. Wh a agy dmd ha m imai

i a dm m b wihhld ba i aid

m iiv imai ( xampl, h am

a illig ), h IWG iid ha h

agy da pi ah ha wihhld a i

dm. Whil dai qid a im-m-

ig li-by-li viw, mh m imai walad a a l ( g 7). Sm agi -

d bi xplaay lagag wh p-

i w wihhld, makig h dad dm

m l (g 8).




Source: RG 263, CIA Nam Fil, la, l: Eddy, Egi.

Figure 6 Sample o rst and second release o CIA document



Overview o the IWG

Source: RG 263, CIA Nam Fil, d la, l: Eddy, Egi.




Figure 7 Sample o documents released with redactions

Source: NA, RG 319, y 134B, IRR

Pal Nam Fil, Klav Daga-

avi, l . AA 766849WJ.




Source: NA, RG 319, y 134B, IRR

Pal Nam Fil, Klav Daga-

avi, l . AA 766849WJ.

T am dm lad wih imai d.




Figure 8 Sample o documents released with explanatory language

Source: RG 457, Sl Dm lad d NWCDA, Bx 1, Paapha, 1937-1980, Ey ZZ10.




Source: RG 457, Sl Dm lad d JIGDA, Bx 1, Paapha, 1937-1980, Ey ZZ10.



66. Ia h hallg a pd i h idividal agy a i hap 5.

67. T Naial Siy A allw a blak wihhldig imai lad illig ad mhd.

68. T 10 May 2001 mmadm i availabl i appdix 8.


Agi kig i laiai ay

dm b h bd jiyig id

wihhldig. T agy had wa qid by law

p h appliabl xmpi apppia m-

mi Cg. T IWG imd h agi

ha i h ab lgiima jiai -

id laiai, i wld hallg h dii

ad p agy dii ai laiai i

h a h hallg Cg.66

National Security Interests

Naial iy xmpi allwd d h Di-

l A w idial h xmpi allwd

25-ya-ld maial d h 1995 Exiv

Od 12958, whih gv h am, lai-

ai, ad dlaiai U.S. Gvm i-mai gally (a amdd by Bh Exiv

Od 13292 i Mah 2003). T IWG agd

agi implm h Dil A ad Ex-

iv Od 12958 i . Dpi hi imilaiy,

h NWCDA hially dmadd ga la

ha Exiv Od 12958 ba h NWCDA

xply did not allw types imai (h a

illig ) b wihhld whlal d

h Naial Siy A 1947.67 F xampl, i-

mai illig ld b wihhldd h NWCDA, b i ah a h agy i-

dig kp h imai laid wld b

bligad jiy why i la wld ha a-

ial iy.

Sm lva maial qid viw by

h Dpam Egy d h Kyl ad L

Amdm a ha i did ai i-

iv la imai. Naial Ahiv a al

xamid d pvily dlaid

hy did vila ay ii implmd ip h Spmb 11 i aak. T

ii w idd wihhld imai

ha migh b i, h a hmial

mla.

Foreign Government Inormation

Dm qly aid imai ha

wa pvidd by a ig gvm ha d-

ibd ah gvm’ illig aivii

(h ha Axi gvm). Qi ab hw

hadl h maial a i h implmai

h Dil A. B Exiv Od 12958,

h imai wa ally amaially wihhld

l h ig gvm xpliily allwd i -

la, v hgh m h waim ad immdi-

a pwa illig imai ig igi

had lg l i iiviy. Hwv, ig gv-

m imai wa a xmp agy dEO 12958 h Dil A. Agi w -

midd hi i a May 10, 2001, mm m h

Chai.68 T IWG agd agi gia

gal agm wih hi ig pa

allw h agi la ai la ima-

i i vy ld d wih lai i ah

ia. T FBI ad CIA d hi appah ad

avd mh im ad i h viw p.

Overseeing Agency Implementation o the Disclosure Acts A h day--day IWG liai h agi, h a-

di am mid pg i, ad agy

adh IWG gida, ad mad pd-

iviy. Adi pvidd h IWG daild p

agy ah agi; q aiial p

d lad, dlaid, ad ad

h Naial Ahiv; ad gla a p

agy pg ad pblm. T p gav h

IWG a bai didig whh l vigh wa

dd ad whh i wa adviabl ak p ay pblm wih high-akig agy ial.

T IWG adi am xamid dm ha



69. S, xampl, h Sa Dpam i i hap 5.

70. Hiia a amd ig h ai ha a dm ha b paaphad i h Fig Rlai h

Uid Sa i.

Overview o the IWG

w idid a lva d h Dil A

b w y dlaid by h agi. I mai-

al idd la wih dai, h adi am

viwd h imai big dad ha

h dai wa lgally jid d h Dil

A. T adi am al ipd wihhld d-

m dmi whh h a giv -

id laiai w jid d h a.

Wh h adi am blivd ha d ah-

w aw i p ha dlaiai

viw wa iadqa, h adi ald h IWG

h pblm aly gh i h p ad-

jm b mad.69

A h d a, h IWG ad wih v-

al id ial m agi ai h adi-

. All h ivlvd i h adi p wlad a h p S SCI lvl.

Releasing Declassifed Records to the Public

O maial w dlaid by h agi, pi

igial w phyially ad h Naial

Ahiv. Agi vaid i hi ma dla-

iyig hi dm ad aig hm h

Naial Ahiv. T di mdl mgd.

1. ranserring original les. A agy lad

igial lva dm, dlaid hm, adad i l aiig igial piv

dm h Naial Ahiv. I a l -

aid lva dm, h whl l wa kp i-

a ad pd la, v hgh i al -

aid dm ha w lva. T FBI,

h Naial Ahiv, ad, m x, h Amy

Ivigaiv Rd Rpiy d hi mhd.

T Dpam Sa d hi mhd

i lag l.

2. ranserring copies o documents. Agiig hi mhd mad pi lva dm,

dlaid h pi, ad ad h dlai-

d pi h Naial Ahiv. Ti appah

wa d pimaily by h CIA ad h Dpam

Sa. T Amy d a vi hi appah

wih milm l, lially imagig h blk

i lva l ad makig h iiv paag

b aig hm h Naial Ahiv

al pig ad la. La i h h

pj, h Amy agd a all 13,000 l

i milm a wll a all h digial a ha

lm h Naial Ahiv.

3. ranserring paraphrased documents. NSA,

h ly agy hi mhd, paaphad i-

iv dm ad ad h paapha h

Naial Ahiv. Paaphaig pd h agy’

illig lli hiq whil ill lig

i a h dm, wha dm dad p ha imai wld hav b ald

a b maigl wih h paaphaig.70

O h dlaid l ahd h Nai-

al Ahiv, i a viwd h d pivay

idai a wll a pial lva h

a’ OSI xli.

Privacy Review

Rviwig d p h pivay igh U.S.

iiz i a mal aiviy h Naial Ahiv wih p all aid d; h, h ag-

i w advid ha h Naial Ahiv wld

am pibiliy viwig d lad

d h Dil A. I ada wih h

a, pivay idai w ak i a

b a dlaid dm wa lad

ha i la wld “i a laly wa-

ad ivai pal pivay.” Lgal ai

ha p pivay igh w wighd agai h

pbli i vd by dil. A h q h IWG, h O h Gal Cl a h

Naial Ahiv ppad gida i x-



71. Pivay gida i d i appdix 9.


mpig dm m dil bad pivay

gd.71 Ti pivay viw wa bad h am

idai a h ak i a i FOIA

viw, ildig h a ha, lik h FOIA, h

NWCDA ad h JIGDA a dil a -

d whih all pivay i qi maday

xmpi. All la d h Dil A w

ampaid by a dilaim ma gad agai

aily haaizig a wa imial i idi-

vidal mid i h d.

Review by the Ofce o Special Investigations

Rviwig dm pial lva DOJ/

OSI ivigai wa h al p i dmiig

whh paila dlaid maial wld b

mad availabl h pbli immdialy lada a la da. Rd idid by OSI a laig

i ivigai w xldd m la d h

a i d p i gig ivigai ad

pi Axi imial i h Uid Sa

kig a i hi y (hi bj i v-

d i m dail i h DOJ i hap 5).

Making Documents Publicly Accessible

Ppaig milli pag dm pbli

wa a xadiaily im-mig ad lab-iiv p. Ahivi xamid all l

pvai ad abilizai. Old, agil, -

mblig waim pap wa plad i Myla

ad h plad i aid ld. Fil w h

aagd adig h igial hma, i pibl,

mak hm ivabl by da, l mb, alpha-

b, by m h dly aagm. Rd

i w h dibd i m ma, m mi-

imal idiai h a yp d ad igi

daild daaba liig ad dibig idividaldm i h l. NARA a h mally

wihdw all ill-laid hwi id d-

m, plaig pbli i i h l i pla

h wihdaw dm. Wh dm w

wihhld i pa, h a ppad dad vi

h l.

Whil libai aag hi bk adig

bj ad ah, ahiv aag hi hldig

by igi, pva, a d. A dm’

pva aily h p wh

ad v igd i, b h agy ha ld

i. Ud h Dil A, i wa mm

val U.S. Gvm agi dlaiy l

h am bj idividal. I ada wih

adad ahival pai, hi imai, hgh

lad by bj ma, mai i i igial l a

ad ivd by h agy.

Ahivi a dig aid hlp ah

la pi imai. T dig aid i-

ld gh imai pla h dm igaizaial x ad illmia why h -

d w kp ad hw hy w lld; hy d

xplai h maig igia dm

amp p a hiial ipai. T

pimay dig aid ha wa dvlpd a a l

h JIGDA, whih v bh wly dlaid

ad pvily p Japa wa im d, i

1,700 pag, y i a b idd xhaiv:

gid vlmi ahival d a b -

idd hav idid all imai a bj. Ah dig aid ha d laig

Japa bilgial waa wa al ad. N-

m li, gid, daaba, ad h dig aid

xi h Gma-lad d, ad h will

b h pplmd hlp la d amg

h m ha 8 milli pag dlaid d h

NWCDA.

T p aig dig aid mai-

al lad d h Dil A i mpliad.

Nmally, dig aid idiy a bdy d haha b aid ad ad i i iy

m h agy igi, ad h bdy d i

ld i a ahiv a i wa ad a h agy. Ta

i, all d i ay paila agy l will mai



72. Ti i i did i h CIA i hap 5.

73. S CIA i i hap 5 m hi pi.


hi p. I m a, pig a b d

adqaly wih h imai ly availabl.

F xampl, h l lad by h CIA w

mpild lly mply wih h Dil A.

T l a ia, igial l, b iad

mpi pag gahd m vai CIA l. T

CIA mvd all l mb h lad pag,

dig i dil aai h lai h

igial l a h agy.73

CostsDi h IWG ald v $12 milli

i liim ( abl 1). Idividal agy , i-

mad b $17 milli, a did i hap 4.

Table 1 Interagency Working Group direct support costs, Jan 1999–Mar 2007

gh i l a h Naial Ahiv. Ud h

Dil A, hwv, may d, pailaly

h m h CIA, Sa, ad NSA, w plld

m lag bdi d ha w dlai-

d.72 Fh, a mb d m h CIA

ad h agi w lad ly i pa. T

lig lli h d a h Naial

Ahiv qi addiial dipiv wk a-

mp hm i hi iiial, ahival, ad

hiial x.

A Mah 2007, mh hi wk i y b

d. T Ahivi h Uid Sa will i

wk wih h xiv bah agi

gig dil d lva h i

Item/Year FY1999 FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007*

Contracts 154,528 421,591 685,259 1,236,717 1,034,785 740,024 435,959 469,157 270,000

Historians, Auditors,

Consultants,Database Support,

Media Relations,

Editor, SpaceSta Costs

NARA

357,791 620,434 829,190 826,252 801,644 662,514 625,980 727,345 762,375

Other Costs

Supplies/Equip 1,233 43,796 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200

Meeting space, clearances 4,597 8,500 10,500 7,383 10,000 5,000 3,000

Travel 22,678 30,263 70,000 65,700 40,236 24,000 24,000 24,000 15,000

Printing 15,000 20,000

TOTAL 536,230 1,120,681 1,594,149 2,140,369 1,885,248 1,437,738 1,092,139 1,239,702 1,068,575

GRAND TOTAL $12,114,831*Full year support sta costs included or necessary ollow up work …



Fm a iv 620 milli pag, U.S. Gv-

m agi d v 100 milli pag

lva d h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A

ad d v 17 milli pag d h Japa

Impial Gvm Dil A. Oly a mall

pag h d pag w d b

piv h Dil A: aly 8.5 millipag dm w lva h NWCDA,

ad v 142,000 pag w lva h JIGDA.

Whil h va majiy lva pag w b-

qly dlaid ad lad h pbli, m

w ( g 9 ad 10, x pag).

I i impa h ha h 8.5

milli pag lad a aiig d lva

h Dil A, ly a mall pi la

dily wa im. T lva wa im

d a d amg lag gp -

lva d kp i h am l. I m a,

h l hav b kp gh ad pd dh Dil A pv hi igiy.

Agi p a imad $17 milli

implm h a ( abl 2).

T maid hi hap lk a ah

agy’ mply wih h Dil A.

Table 2 Cost o implementing NWCDA and JIGDA,

by agency

Agency Cost

CIA ..................................................................$3,100,000*

Army ...............................................................$1,886,000

Navy................................................................ $100,000

Air Force .........................................................$60,000

JCS ..................................................................$18,000

NSA .................................................................$2,103,000

DIA ..................................................................$51,000

DOJ (Civil, Criminal, incl. OSI and INS) ..........$1,650,575

Pardon Attorney .............................................$1,000

FED .................................................................$5,000

FBI...................................................................$5,800,000

NARA ..............................................................$1,452,000

NSC .................................................................$3,000

State ...............................................................$939,000

Treasury ..........................................................$24,000

TOTAL $17,192,575

*estimate based on personnel hours

5. Agency Implementation o the Acts



0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

Relevant pages

withheld in ull

Under OSI exclusionRemaining to

be declassiied

Declassiied

& releasedFound relevant

57518,0581,200

8,399,599a8,422,637

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

Relevant pages

withheld in ull

Under OSI exclusionRemaining to

be declassiied

Declassiied

& releasedFound relevant

142,616 142,502a

61080


Figure 9 NWCDA summary, March 2007

source: Mah 2007 IWG aiial p.a Fig ild pag i l ha w lad i ll pv l igiy. Oly a mall mb pag i h l

ai lva wa im dmai.

Figure 10 JIGDA summary, March 2007

source: Mah 2007 IWG aiial p.a Fig ild pag i l ha w lad i ll pv l igiy. Oly a mall mb pag i h l

ai lva wa im dmai.



Agency Implementation o the Acts 45

Central Intelligence Agency

Table 3 CIA declassication summary (number o pages)

Screened Found relevant Declassied & released Withheld in ull Under OSI exclusion

NWCDA (CIA-era) 2,950,000 114,465 109,200 265 1795

NWCDA (OSS-era) 1,200,000 1,200,000 1,200,000 0 0

JIGDA 50,000 5,000 5,000 0 0

source: Mah 2007 IWG aiial p.

Search Strategies

T CIA’ dlaiai mpad d

m w di pid: i OSS-a (waim ad

h immdia pwa pid), ad i CIA-a (p-

1947). T agy ahd, viwd, ad ladi OSS-a hldig dily m i CIA-a -

d, wih damaially di l. Ulima-

ly, h IWG vid h CIA b hmig

a pdd x i laig imai

CIA-a , mhd, ad pai. Giv

h agy’ lgadig pliy wihhldig h

imai, i la Cld Wa-a maial -

lad U.S. a wih wa imial wa igi-

a bh hiially ad a a ma pbli pliy.

Maj i gadig h CIA’ implmai h a a did blw.

OSS Records

A v-p CIA am dd a pag-by-pag -

viw 1.2 milli pag OSS d ha had b

pvily aid i h Naial Ahiv b

had maid laid. Iiially, h CIA idd

ab 10,000 h pag b lva, b h

IWG padd h agy xpad i dii

lvay gadig h d. T agy pdi OSS d i hi iy, aiig h ig-

iy h l a hy had b ad by h OSS

ad admiid by h agy. T CIA ld

wih ig gvm a dd laiy h -

iiviy ig gvm imai, pd-

ig i al pai amaially lig mai-

al ha lad , w ivd m, aid

ig illig vi. A a l,

h CIA pd a va ahiv OSS d lad

all ap illig pai dig h

wa, ildig m impa w imai h Hla, h a h ipd ad ddd

mag i g 12.

CIA-era Records

T agy iiially d h 60,000 Nam Li ad

h IWG m Li ah li ad maal

idi d likly ai piv ma-

ial. Hiia ad a m h CIA ad m h

IWG pvidd addiial am ad ah m, ad

h am ad m w idid hgh i-viw wih m CIA ad OSS pl wh w

aivly ivlvd wih U.S. illig pai

dig ad immdialy a Wld Wa II. Oh

ha h OSS d (did blw), h d

h Dia Opai, h Dia

Illig, ad h CIA Hiy Sa aid h

m igia lva dmai.

Bad h l h ah, h CIA

pid all dm i h ll igial l h

amd idividal (am l) h bj (b- j l). Ay h dm lad h i-

dividal bj ha w lad w addd

h l. T agy h xd a li-by-li

dlaiai viw h l. Sm h

l aid imai ha h agy id-

d dily piv h Dil A. Oh

l aid imai ha h agy idd




Figure 11 British share decrypts with OSS

source: Rd h O Sagi Svi, RG 226, Ey 122, Mi. X-2 l, Bx 1, Fld 5–Ialia Dd.

piv , b lad , h a, ad whih

i viwd la ba hy w hiially

igia, piyig ha ay la wa a ma

dii ay bligai.

T CIA dd addiial ah hgh-

h li h pj bad lad m h

maial ha hy w viwig ad i p pi q m IWG a ad hiia.

Japanese Records

Si h U.S. miliay vi w h pimay ag

i h Pai ad Aia dig ad immdialy a

h wa, OSS ad CIA dmai Japa

wa im i laivly mall. T CIA dd i

ah Japa maial i 2001 iiially -

ig h 66-pag IWG kywd li. I d ap-

pximaly 300,000 pag. T CIA dlaid adlad Japa am l ad h Japa

bj l, alig 782 pag.

Whil h IWG had v xpd ay agy’

ah yild a may Japa-lad l a G-

ma , i vhl xpd h CIA’ ah

pd l idividal paila i,

wh w pmi i h pwa a. T IWG

h akd h agy ah dm

lad 45 idividal likly b i i l. T

q d idividal wh w p

vid wa imial ad wh la bam im-

pa lad i Japa gvm, plii, ad

idy.

T IWG amd ha whil h pwa l wld likly ai pi wa im i-

mai, hy wld p ay aivii h

m wa imial wih U.S. gvm ial

i Japa. T CIA qd ha h IWG p-

vid availabl bigaphi imai (.g., da-

-bih) h 45 amd idividal ai i

ahig hi d ym ad idiyig d-

m. T IWG a pvidd hi imai i

2003 ad h CIA dd h qii ah.

T CIA dlivd a addiial v l pmi Japa wa imial ad p i

2005. T l, whih a vlmi ad -

ai abl im gap bw dm, f

h imai availabl lli a h im.

T CIA ha ad h IWG ha i ay addiial

maial i lad, i will b dlaid ad lad

NARA.



74. S appdix 10, David P. Hlm Sv Gakl, “CIA p IWG p qi,” mmadm, Spmb

20, 2002.


CIA Compliance with the Acts

A h agy wh la la maial

U.S. Gvm pwa laihip wih Nazi

had aid h Dil A, h CIA ivd

h IWG’ m i ai, pailaly m

h IWG pbli mmb. Ta ai ld i

q xhag wih h agy ad val m-

ig wih h Di Cal Illig i whih

h IWG h i pii ha h Dil A

qid ga dil ha h agy wa p

pvid. A a l ad giai b-

w h CIA ad h IWG pbli mmb, a,

ad hiia, ad h ivlvm Mmb

Cg, h CIA wa padd, pailaly a

h al w-ya xi h a i Fbay

2005, b hmig a pdd xi la imai , mhd, ad

pai.

I implmig h Dil A, h CIA

wa hallgd bala h a’ all p-

dd p wih h agy’ ay bliga-

i p illig ad mhd. T

Dil A qid h agy dlaiy yp

imai ha i had hiially b allwd

p ( g 12). T IWG pd h CIA—a

i pd all agi— implm h a lly.Fm aly i h pj, h CIA wkd

lly wih IWG hiia ad a idiy

am ad pi ha migh yild l lva

h Dil A. T CIA gav apppialy

lad mmb h IWG a, h adi am,

ad h hiia a all maial ld ad

pid a pially lva. B bgiig i h

pig 2001, h CIA gw l likly ap

h hiia’ dii wha imai wa

lva. Diagm bw h IWG ad hagy v xaly wha h CIA wa bligad

dil d h a d h i: (1)

wha id a lva l, (2) whh pwa

maial ha hd ad mhd w

b lad, ad (3) whh h a qid h

a h Naial Ahiv igial, ia

l. T i a did blw.

Establishing Relevancy Criteria

Uil aly 2005, h CIA ahd ad viwd i

w d ig h aw dii

lvay applid by ay agy. T CIA pd

h IWG i Spmb 2002, “N hallg ha b

ga CIA hgh hi ha ab-

lih lvay gidli ha mply wih h a

ad wih h bad IWG ipai h

had ad ha apppialy p agy qii

h h.”74 A h bgiig, h CIA O

Gal Cl (OGC) playd a maj l i d-vlpig lvay gidli pa h a.

Hwv, m mmb h IWG pd h CIA

a m xpaiv viw maial vd by h

Dil A, a viw m mpaibl wih iiial

IWG ad NSC gida h agi. T CIA

diagd wih h IWG’ ipai h a-

, ad id llw h gida hi

O Gal Cl. T IWG bmmi

ad a bjd ad did h i lvay

wih h CIA val im dig hi dlaiai.

Uil Fbay 2005, h CIA maiaid ha

l w bj h a ly i hy aid

ih di imai ab wa im i-

mai ggig ha h w gd bliv

ha h bj wa ivlvd i wa im, a

pi, lig. OGC gad ha ima-

i m l mig hi adad lva

h a ld vhl b lad “a a ma

dii.” Wh a l wa big lad p-a h a, m imai i aid ab

a idividal’ pwa paial aivii wld

b lad ba h Di Cal I-



Rihad Ghl’ Pl Rd, ad wh h wa igad by

h U.S. Amy a a POW i Ag 1945 (NA, RG 238, Ey 160, I-

gai Rd, milm pbliai M 1270, Rll 24, Ghl, Ri-

had, Bx 26.)


Figure 12 The Gehlen les

I a Ob 2000 lig i h Fdm Imai A a Oglesby v. Army , h CIA a-

kwldgd ha i had maiaid a illig laihip wih, ad hld d lad , m

Gma Gal Rihad Ghl. Whil h l had b xmpd m la d FOIA

(mplyig wih h Di Cal Illig’ bligai p illig ad

mhd), h CIA pldgd akwldg h illig laihip wih Gal Ghl i d

pd la d h Dil A. T CIA’ am makd i akwldg-

m ha i had ay laihip wih Ghl.

Alhgh Ghl i idd a Nazi wa imial, h had vd a Hil’ i miliay i-

llig h Ea F. A h wa, h bam a U.S. illig , iiially

h Amy, ad la h CIA. Hi xiv wk, kw a h Ghl Ogaizai, ildd

paiv ad ag wih Nazi, llabaii, ad wa imial bakgd. T Ogaizai

wa h dai h W Gma illig vi, h BND. Ghl’ wk ppdly

ivd milli i U.S. dig.

T CIA appvd h

la h 2,100-pag Amy Ghl l, ad i ad-

dii lad aly 2,100

pag maial laig

Ghl m i w

l a wll a l may

Ghl’ pl ad

ag—ildig h p-

aial imai i all

h l. F m

Ghl, imhy Na-ali, “Rihad Ghl ad

h Uid Sa,” Rih-

ad Bima al., U.S.

Intelligence and the Nazis

(Wahig, DC: Naial

Ahiv Fd h

Nazi Wa Cim ad Japa-

Impial Gvm

Rd Iagy Wk-

ig Gp, 2004).



75. S appdix 11 h ll x h Apil 14, 2000, mmadm.

76. Appdix 10.


llig ivkd h Dil A’ ad

mhd xmpi. Wh a l wa big lad

a a ma dii, h pi wa im

imai wa lad ba i wa id-

d lva h a.

Nvhl, i ada wih h iiv

gidli, h CIA dlaid ad lad appxi-

maly 50,000 pag CIA dm i 775 am

l ad 36 bj l. Adig h CIA, m

ha hal h l did ai imai

ab wa im b w dlaid ad lad

a a ma dii. By la 2004, h CIA -

dd ha i wa vially ihd ad ha i-

mai wa im ad lva imai

wa imial had b wihhld m la.

T CIA idiad ha h dm wihhldm la i h l pa h ad

mhd xmpi i h NWCDA wld b ad-

dd i a laid mmadm h IWG ad

apppia Cgial mmi.

Ildd i h 775 am l dlaid ad

lad wa a gp 214 l SS ha

h CIA wa iiially la la a all ba

h l aid xplii imai ab

wa im. Hwv, h IWG dd ha v

hgh pi wa im w mid i hl, idividal amd i h l had b mm-

b gaizai (m h SS) dlad

b imial by h Iaial Miliay ibal a

Nmbg. A a pad dip, h agy

imd h IWG ha i wld viw all 214 l

ad wld la all imai ha did jp-

adiz illig ad mhd, ad ha i

wld akwldg illig laihip (i h

laihip xid) ly a h IWG pvidd

vid h idividal’ pi lpabiliy waim, byd mmbhip i a imial gaiza-

i. Ti qim d OSI, h IWG a, ad

IWG hiia mb h milmd Gma SS

pl l ad CIC d hld by h Naial

Ahiv ad h d h agi pa-

iv vid h imialiy ah idividal.

Protection o Sources and Methods

Dig h CIA’ ya implmig h Nazi

Wa Cim Dil A, h IWG ad h agy

ggld ag wha yp imai ld b

lgiimaly wihhld d h a. T CIA’ iiial

appah wa adad ha i mally applid

Fdm Imai A q, whih i ay

h agy did adj i viw p m h

m libal qim h Dil A. T

IWG bjd h CIA’ appah a iiv.

T lig aiy ab wha ld b lgii-

maly wihhld d h a dlayd h la l, h 22 h m i Nazi.

T IWG dvd i Apil 11, 2000, mig

ahig agm wih h CIA dlaiai

viw adad. T IWG id h NWCDA a-

y phibii agai ivkig h blak p-

i paial l d h Naial Siy

A. T IWG ad h agy ahd a agm,

lagly paiig h bi lagag

dad imai, whih wa did i a Apil

14, 2000, gida mmadm.75 Hwv, i i Spmb 2002 pg p

h IWG, h agy ad h llwig:

T CIA ha a ay bligai p

ad mhd. Ti bligai dli all

dii mad wih p h la d-

m. Mv, h d p ad

mhd i ly a ay bligai, b i

al a piipl al h l d

CIA’ bi. M impaly, h d maiai h pi i aad by

im. I i hi a ha w hav b

al i la dii.76




B Fbay 2005, h CIA’ pai wih-

hldig pi imai ab , mhd,

ad illig laihip, ma hw ld h

imai, wa miigad mwha by i ag-

m la vy gal imai ab pa-

ial ma wh a l aid imai ab

kw wa imial. I m ia, h CIA wa

willig pvid bi lagag wihhld i-

mai. T agy al ld wih ig

gvm gia h la imai

ig waim laihip ad had illi-

g, whih wa pailaly il ig i-

mai lad by h CIA Rihad Ghl

ad h Gma S Svi (Bdahih-

di). T lai m CIA ai abad,

paial imai, ad h am p,b pv, wa imial a w lad.

Transerring Records to NARA

T CIA ad “igial” (ha i, d

py) CIA-a l NARA d h Dil

A. (T gal a all hiially valabl

- CIA d NARA d h Fdal

Rd A i a ma gig giai b-

w h agi.) mak d pblily avail-

abl, CIA viwd pi h am ad bjl. Eah h l i pi all d-

m i h ll igial l. Ay h dm

lad h idividal bj ha w l-

ad w addd h l. I h dm w

dmid b lva w b lad a a

ma dii, CIA aaly h viwd hm

dlaiai. Oly a h am ad bj

l w dlaid did h CIA a pi

h dm h Naial Ahiv. By laig

l i hi ma, h CIA pd imaiab h a ad i lig ym.

February 2005: A Turning Point

T Dil A w xdd wi, pimaily

pad h CIA llw a la pliy m

aligd wih IWG gida ad h implmai

pai h maj agi. I Jaay 2004,

Cg xdd JIGDA ya, b h -

l ha xi w ily aiay

h IWG. T, a h bh h IWG pbli

mmb ad wih h aia h Cgial

p h lgilai, Sa Mik DWi ad

Rpaiv Caly Maly, i Fbay 2005

Cg xdd JIGDA w m ya wih

h dadig ha h CIA wld vii ad -

vi i pii lva ad dlaiai.

T CIA’ wd dlaiai ld

i mh bad la, wih a w dai i

paially lad dm, ad wih dm

maiig whlly laid. M pially i Fb-

ay 2005, CIA agd :

R-viw pvily lad l ad dla-iy m maial

Dlaiy ad la imai idi-

vidal d h Nazi whh wa

imial

Dlaiy ad la paial pj l

wh Nazi w ivlvd

Udak addiial ah ha h IWG

hiia CIA hgh ay

T CIA p wa pdigi ad damai.Updad vi h pvi 811 lad l -

d dad imai i h 47,400 pag ad

addd 21,800 pvily lad pag. Fh,

h CIA pdd h badd ah ild-

ig paial l 1,000 w am ad bj,

pd 276 w l vig m 45,000 pag.

I addii, h agy pdd a lxi/ah

aid aiig h ypym ad m i dlai-

d agy l ai hla ig h l.

•

•

•

•




Department o Deense – Air Force

Table 6 Air Force declassication summary (number o pages)


NWCDA 6,700 0 0 0 0

JIGDA 2,300,000 1,000 1,000 0 0


Search Strategy

T Ai F iiially pd ha had

pag hd i h Fdal Rd C i S.

Li, Mii, w lad Opai Paplip

ad lva d h NWCDA. Sbqly, h

Ai F ad h Fdal Rd C dmid

ha h d had b miakly idid ih Rd C l ym ad, i a, w

pi h IWG . T Ai F di-

vd 32 pag lva h NWCDA amg Na-

ial Ahiv hldig, ad h a ad

i NARA’ al.

T Ai F did la amg i hldig a

h Ai F Hiial Rah Agy, Maxwll

Ai F Ba, Alabama, a lag l wih

Japa wa im i h Pai Ilad. Ti h-

ad-pag l wa dlaid i ll.



77. F imai h Amy’ pial aivii ad illig d a h Naial Ahiv ha maid laid a

h im h paag h a h NARA i hi hap.

78. M ha 8,000 h di w alady i h dy h Naial Ahiv a h im h IWG am i big.

Sm h l w dlaid d h FOIA, ad may ill laid bam bj viw d h Dil

A. F m bakgd h Amy CIC, hap 2.


Department o Deense – Army

Table 4 Army declassication summary (number o pages)


NWCDA 12,000,000 274,952 268,135 0 6,817

JIGDA 1,500,000 20 20 0 0


Search Strategy

T U.S. Amy al Pl Cmmad (PER-

SCOM) akd all Amy mmad pd h

a; hwv, i wa la ha h majiy Amy

d lad Nazi ad Japa wa im wa

alady i h Naial Ahiv. Ov may ya,h Amy had ad NARA mh i Wld

Wa II mba ad paial dmai. M

h dm ha w laid wh hy a-

ivd a h Naial Ahiv w dlaid a

hi a. T majiy piv d -

maiig i Amy dy w laid illig

ad illig d a h Illig ad

Siy Cmmad (INSCOM) Ivigaiv Rd

Rpiy (IRR) a F Mad, Maylad. C-

qly, h Amy d i h hldig h IRR. NARA viwd, dlaid, ad p-

d Amy d alady i i hldig.77

Investigative Records Repository

IRR l gally d h pi: (1) ig

pl ad gaizai, whih w h maj-

iy piv d; (2) illig ad -

illig ; ad (3) illig

iy ivigai. M IRR di igiad

wih Amy Cillig Cp (CIC) i,

pially h i Gmay ad Aia llwig

h wa. T Amy CIC ad d aiig

daild illig ad illig ima-

i gahd dig mii pp Allid apphd wa imial ad Svi -

piag a h Cld Wa bga. I al dd

bakgd ivigai idividal wh applid

immiga h Uid Sa d h Diplad

P Rg Rli A. I la ya, h

OSI d IRR di i i Nazi-hig iviga-

i.78

Amg h IRR’ hldig, h ga mb

d pially lva h Dil A

w h d m ha 13,000 l 35mmmilm, whih aid aly 1.3 milli l

igially lmd by h Amy CIC i Ep a

Wld Wa II, a wll a i m 460,000 idividal

pap l. All h d had b ahd

idiy h ha m IWG iia. T h vl-

m h Amy CIC di, mbid wih h

vy p qaliy h milm—h ly viv-

ig d a majiy h di—mad hi a

mplx ad hallgig dakig.



79. Ulimaly, Amy pvidd ADA $900,000 ai i dlaiai viw i pp h Dil A.

80. T l i i appdix 12.


Army Files at the National Archives

pd h 1995 Exiv Od 12958,

h Amy ad h Amy Dlaiai Aiviy

(ADA) viw h 270 milli pag bj a-

mai dlaiai Dmb 31, 2006. T

ADA al bga implm h Dil A,

v hgh a a Dmb 1999 mig h

IWG, h Amy aid ha i ld imlaly

mply wih bh h Exiv Od ad h Di-

l A wih addiial dig.79 A lad

h IWG wa ha ADA’ iiial appah

dlaiai, hgh allwd d h Ex-

iv Od, wa impaibl wih IWG adad.

Ud h Exiv Od, h ADA ld wihhld

a i l i i aid a igl laid im.

T IWG, i a, dmid ha ildig amh maial a pibl by daig iiv i-

mai a li-by-li bai wa m piv

h law.

lv hi impa, h IWG appahd h

Aia Say h Amy wk a l-

i. A l, i h pig 2000 h IWG ad

h DOD agd ha Naial Ahiv a wld

viw Amy d hld by h Naial Ahiv.

T DOD gav h Naial Ahiv h ahiy

viw pially lva l h amd ,a wll a amd qii i h agy l,

dmi hi lva ad, i lva, viw

hm dlaiai d h bad la a-

hiy h NWCDA.

T lag vlm Amy laid ahival

d a NARA ma ha hi ak id

hgh m h maiig li h IWG.

Imai ig h a ad

h ahival d i d i h NARA i

hi hap.

Japanese Documents

T w Amy l piv h JIGDA w

amg h ha had alady b ad h

Naial Ahiv ad dlaid. T ah ad

viw maiig d k ly w wk.

Hwv, a maj im Cgial iqiy

mai adig ad ly paially awd by

h Amy ad h Dpam D. Wh

Sa Dia Fii idd h a i h

Sa, h ildd i h d pi a -

pd m P Shld Hai, h a-

h Factories o Death, h wll-gadd a

Japa’ dvlpm ad bilgial wa-

a ag, ildig hma xpimai.80 I

hi l, P Hai d hi ai

i ampig gai a maial a Dgway Pvig Gd, Uah, ad F Dik, Maylad,

lad mdial wa im. H allgd ha a la

m h dmai wa bqly mvd

dyd. T IWG akd h Amy ad DOD

val ai pd P Hai’

hag by pdig h d i qi by

givig a a hi dipii ili i

hi d. Dpi pad q bw 2001-

2006, h IWG wa pvidd a wih A-

my’ d maag F. Dik, did Amy pvid h IWG wih a daild aig h

a, dipal, di i Japa bi-

lgial waa d F. Dik dig h

w dad llwig Wld Wa II. T Amy did

iy h IWG ha l maiaid by i

Pbli Aai had b dipd a Hai’

vii ad ha h p l had b d

Dgway Pvig Gd.

T IWG ha ivd a am by h Amy

ha i “…did pm val imal iqii i




h ma ad d bai P

Hai’ allgai.” Fllwig wd q

addiial ah, h Amy id h IWG ha

hi ah “vd vid i pp

h hag ha dm lad Japa bilgi-

al waa xpim w dyd a F. Dik.

T Amy ldd ha all pma d -

lad Japa bilgial waa xpim w

ad NARA.” (T IWG had mak a -

mal q Dgway li pi i

d, a h igial had b h Libay

Cg.)

Army Compliance with the Acts

Iiially, h IRR imad ha maally idiy-

ig h lva l amg h milm ad idi wld qi 181 ya a im, whih did

ild h im qid d a hgh d-

laiai viw h l hy w d.

Naally, h IWG bam d ab IRR’

abiliy lll i bligai d h law. INSCOM

mmad Maj. G. Rb Na addd h

IWG’ a a Ob 1999 IWG mig

ad mmid INSCOM mplig dlaia-

i wk lva IRR l wihi ya.

m Na’ gal, h Amy ad hmilm a digiizd imag h l, whih

i h ahd lially lva l ig

h 60,000 Nam Li. T Amy h viwd ad

dlaid h l idid a lva ad d

hm v h Naial Ahiv a digiizd im-

ag. Simlaly, IRR a dd a maal

viw h l ha h Amy ill maiaid i

pap m.

I Spmb 2000, h Amy dlivd h

Naial Ahiv a ad-al mp vhldig i x 15,700 digiizd l. T x

mm h Amy dlivd val had m

digiizd l ad addiial pap l a al

aly 20,000 l d i p ah

idividal h 60,000 Nam Li. Whil h

va majiy h l w dlaid i ll, h

Amy had dad limid pi, pimaily -

ig gvm imai illig

ad mhd. IWG a aagd agi wih

qii i h Amy l viw h d. A-

i ihd digiizig i l, IRR a dk

h ah a h IWG a, IWG hiia,

ad h paiipaig agi idid addiial

lva am, pj, ad pai ha am

hi ai dig h hi wk. T

IRR aid h ll l imag ha w ad

m h 13,000 l milm b ad h

igial milm h Naial Ahiv i 2002.

A i bam la ha addiial ad l w

lva h wa im dil a, hial

ad admiiaiv lai bw h IRR ad

h Naial Ahiv w iiiad amplih

h a h ll imag l, iig 1.3 milli l. T aagm k aly

h ya b w ally amplihd i Ob

2005, wh NARA apd ll pibiliy

admiiig h l bh hially ad -

pp. Ba hi vy lag d

wa h l all h IRR’ imai

wa imial, IWG a ad NARA will

i may ya mi h l lva

d. Fig 13 (x pag) ai a xampl

a Amy l lad d h NWCDA.




Figure 13 IWG obtains release o document withheld in FOIA request

Ti Fdm Imai A/Pivay A Dld Pag Imai Sh hw ha h CIA, whih hld qii i h

Amy dm h igh, wihhld h pag i i iy. I Levy v. CIA (1995), h phld CIA’ ai.



Fah Klav Da-gavi wa a Faiapi wh aivly vdh Nazi alli gimi Caia, whih wa -pibl h dah 330,000–390,000 O-hdx Sb ad ab32,000 Jw. Fllwig h wa, Dagavi aili-ad h ap m- Caia wa imial

Sh Amia via hCllg Sai Jmi Rm. Fm 1959 1962, Fah Dagavi

wkd a a py U.S. Amy Illig agaih Yglav gim. TCIA al kp a l Dagavi.

T paagaph wa -dad ba i a imaibaid m a iggvm gaizailaig h aivii g ad émigé a-iad wih Ddi. Tdad x aid imai wa imi-al.

T IWG akd h CIA

viw h dmagai i ligh h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A, whih ld ih la h dadmmadm.


Ti J 19, 1961, mmadm Cl. B, 163d MI Baali, d Ljbmi Ddi. T mm val ha

Amy Illig wa id i Fah Dagavi ad wad ha Dagavi ad h Ddi aia w highly

mpmid.




Department o Deense – National Security Agency

Table 7 NSA declassication summary (number o pages)


NWCDA 5,996,000 4,574 4,537 36 1

JIGDA 3,174,949 2,799 2,799 0 0


Search Strategy

T NSA wa ad i 1952 lida h m-

miai illig aivii h vai U.S.

Amd Svi. Dig Wld Wa II, h

Alli’ m p kill pvd b ipig

mag ad bakig my d. A h wa,

h lli, alai, ad aalyi wldwidmmiai pdd igia NSA hldig

laid illig d. I a pdd

, NSA dk a ll xamiai h -

d i p h Dil A.

T pimay d hldig i NSA dy

i mag l pap, milm, ad, m

ly, i li ma. NSA viwd d

idi ad dig aid la l ha pially

aid imai wa im ad wa imi-

al. I addii, NSA hld llaal illigimai, gally ivd m h agi,

whih i al ahd. NSA ahd i Gma--

lad imai b ig i Japa-la-

d d. T i p k v h ya.

Iiially, NSA’ ah agy d -

ig h 60,000 Nam Li, IWG ah m, ad

val hdd addd am ad bj agai

m 30 milli li mmiai d

daig m 1967–1998. Wh a appa mah

wa mad wih h ah m, a py hdm wa pid, ad a NSA aaly xamid

h mmiai dmi i i hld ima-

i ha wa lva d h a.

Fllwig i ah li d, NSA

viwd m 20 milli pag pap pi i-

pd mag ad mmiai. O h,

v 3 milli pag vig may di mag

i w idid a big pially lva.

T d, wh da agd m 1930–1992,

w ahd pag-by-pag wi idiy pi-

bly lva mag. A wih NSA’ li l,

ah pially lva ip wa pid, ad a

NSA aaly xamid h dm dmi ilvay.

NSA al ahd 2,724,000 pag milm-

bad d daig m 1930–1960, ad 432,000

pag mih-bad d daig m 1960–

1970. Agai, ah imag wa xamid a pag-

by-pag bai ad pially lva mag w

pid. A NSA aaly h mad a lvay d-

miai.

NSA Compliance with the ActsM NSA’ pid li w limiad

wh h mah a ah m am wa di-

vd b ab a wa imial wa im.

F xampl, h ah may hav vd a p

wih h am am a a wa imial.

A piv dm w idid,

NSA dmid wha kid imai i a i-

pd mag ld b dlaid ad wha -

maid iiv. Iiial amp a dad

la pvd aiay bh NSA ad hIWG ba h dai iiv imai

l h mag imphibl. By agm,

paapha pvidd a ma xa h lva

imai whil allwig h agy p yp-

gaphi dail. T NSA aaly ad h IWG a-

di am wkd lly a ha h ppd

paapha pvidd a aa b laid -




dii h ip.

I ia, h DOJ/OSI mmb ad pb-

li mmb bjd ha a ppd NSA paapha

wa iily imaiv ad ld b milad-

ig. NSA dlid mak ay hag, ad a a

l, ih h dm i qi ay paa-

pha i wa lad.




Department o Deense – Navy

Table 5 Navy declassication summary (number o pages)


NWCDA 95,000 0 0 0 0

JIGDA 1,201,096 1,096 1,096 0 0


Search Strategy

T Navy’ Dlaiai O, ig IWG ky-

wd ad am, qid h Dpam h Navy

Dlaiai Daaba ad h Navy daaba

idiy lva d amg i laid d.

T daaba ild d h Chi Naval

Opai, Say h Navy, Naval Cimial I-vigaiv Svi, O Naval Illig, ad

may h pgam ad mp.

T Navy’ Dlaiai O h Naval

Cimial Ivigai Svi (NCIS) pd ha

i pd 287,000 pag ha w pially l-

va h NWCDA. Ulimaly, hwv, NCIS

dmid ha h d wa piv.

(T l lad mmi i h aly pwa

pid ah ha Nazi.)

la d pially lva h JIG-DA, h Navy d li m pplid by h IWG

ah i hldig i Navy , hldig aa,

h Naval Hiial C i h Wahig Navy

Yad, Fdal Rd C, ad h Naial A-

hiv. Navy ah h pii ad h

Fdal Rd C aild yild pvily -

divd lva d. Sm h ah,

hwv, d p dplia pi Allid a-la ad Ip Si p ad h h

dm lg ag dlaid ad availabl a h

Naial Ahiv. Sm lva Naval dma-

i i h dy h Naial Ahiv wa d-

laid d h DOD dlaiai ahiy

giv h Naial Ahiv h IWG .

A mall am laid, lva maial

wa lad amg d ha h Navy had alady

ad h Naial Ahiv. T d-

m a pd i h Naial Ahiv i hi hap.




Department o Justice – Criminal and Civil Divisions

Table 8 DOJ Criminal and Civil Divisions declassication summary (number o pages)


NWCDA

Civil

Criminal

207,000

1,641,300

10,000

20,000

10,000

20,000

0

0

0

0

JIGDA 1,641,300 N/A N/A N/A N/A


Search Strategy

DOJ Cimial ad Civil Divii bh d h

60,000 Nam Li ad h li IWG ihd

m, pai am, ad d wd ahd d i h Wahig Naial Rd

C ad i hi . T l pdd -

d lad h Hdd P A a wll a

bj l ivigaiv pi. T va majiy

Hdd P A l lad Ea E-

pa pd havig b mmi. DOJ

ad h l d h a; hwv, hy

ai vy w d lad m Nazi. -

al i abl 8 va h wa im .




Department o Justice – Immigration and Naturalization Service (US Citizenship and ImmigrationServices)

Table 9 INS declassication summary (number o pages)


NWCDA 4,281,000 3,000 18,000 a 0 … a

JIGDA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

source: Mah 2007 IWG aiial p.a Pig ad viw by OSI b mpld.

Search Strategy

I 1999, h INS bga ah i xiv hld-

ig hd hgh h y ig h 60,000

Nam Li. Ba h INS d hav igi-

al laiai ahiy, i pjd ha i ah wld pd a vy mall vlm dm.

I lva l wld ild laid dm

ivd by h Svi m h agi, a wll

a INS dm ha aid divaiv laia-

i. A ahig aly w ya, INS had

lad lva laid l.

T IWG maid id i h ah

INS l a h INS wa mvd m DOJ i h

Dpam Hmlad Siy ad amd h

U.S. Ciizhip ad Immigai Svi (USCIS).

OSI idid 36 laid INS l idividal

whm i had ivigad v h ya. Sm h

l w ill big d by OSI, ad, wih h i-mai pvidd by OSI, USCIS wa abl la all

b h . A OSI had a phpy h

miig l i i d, i wa abl pply a py

USCIS. OSI d h bwd l USCIS

a i ad hav a d hm. Ulimaly, all

h l w dlaid ad ad h Na-

ial Ahiv i ada wih h a, alhgh

may mai ld ba hy la OSI a.



81. S i 3(b)(4) h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A ad Si 803(d) h Japa Impial Gvm Di-

l A, d i appdi 2 ad 3, pivly.


Department o Justice – OSI

Amg all U.S. Gvm agi, h O

Spial Ivigai i h ly wh d

pai alm xlivly Nazi imial ad hi

im. Hwv, ba h a OSI’ mi-

i, h Dil A xply xldd OSI’ -

d. Rd h agi i whih OSI ha a

i w al xldd m la d h a

i d p OSI’ gig ivigai ad

pi.

T law a ha h pvii la

dlaid d “hall apply d (A) -

lad ppig ay aiv iaiv iviga-

i, iqiy, pi by h O Spial

Ivigai h Dpam Ji; (B)lly i h pi, dy, l ha -

.”81

Alhgh Pvii B i h NWCDA laly

d m IWG ai all d hld by

OSI, h DOJ/OSI mmb h IWG vhl

ivid IWG hiia xami OSI’ d, ad

h viw did ak pla. OSI al divd ha

i pd h ly mpl xiig d h

igial Amy ad Ai F l Ah Rdlph

ad pvidd pi h l NARA -la. Similaly, a h Dpam Hmlad

Siy wa abl la h immigai d

him Sbzkv, OSI lad a phpy

h d i i l ad pvidd a py.

Pvii A, hwv, bam a pi -

i. T OSI k h xli pvii b la

i i i, ig ha whil h agi w

gad exemptions ai yp imai,

h OSI exclusion wa h ly pvii i kid

i h Dil A, ad ha, by i xp m,i vd bh aiv ad iaiv l. Adig

OSI’ dadig, h law ma ha h IWG

wa a liby la h d lad

bj ivigai gadl h dm’

ag, h agy igi, h a h a

whih i paid, whh h bj h -

d wa livig dad.

Sval IWG mmb, a, ad hiia,

ad h pbli mmb i paila, bjd ha

h w val la w-dlaid d-

m wh la ld a OSI a-

. Namly, h w dm laig ld

a, dad wa imial p, idivid-

al wh had v d h Uid Sa,

whih d mid wa ay way d

wih OSI’ ivigaiv aivii. OSI d ha

mh h dmai wa id, ha imai vald i a ld

b i h a, xampl, ad ha i-

mai i migly lad l ld idd

a a i a mb bl b imp-

a way. F h a, OSI agd, h a

xply xld maial lad ay OSI a.

OSI ipd h xli apply d

ha w m, , ab h ha lad

idividal wh w h bj a OSI iv-

igai, ad d ha w ly mially lad OSI ivigai i ha hy paid

i, v, iii ad gaizai ha

had b pa OSI’ a. I d i ha

h xli did pv h la d

igia pbli i, h OSI Di imd

h IWG aly i h pj ha h wa willig

viw a limid mb aily xldd l

wih a viw waivig h xli. A i d

, hwv, hi viw a xdd hi x-

pai. O h pag ha OSI idid a allig d h xli, h OSI Di waivd 23,660.

18,125 pag mai xldd.

B OSI ld viw ay l pibl



82. S appdix 13 hi 12 May 2000 mmadm.

83. Mmadm, “Say Exli OSI-Rlad Rd Ud h w Dil A,” Eli M. Rbam Sv

Gakl, Fbay 7, 2003, IWG Admiiaiv Fil.

84. Ibid .

Agency Implementation o the Acts

waiv, i wa ay idiy whih dm

amg h milli pag dlaid by h ag-

i w xldd m la. avid vbd-

ig h O by diig all dlaid maial

OSI viw, agi w iiially id

mak ay d ha had pial OSI i

pi aig h d h Naial A-

hiv.82 Ualy, hi wa d i vy

a, may pially xldabl d maid

makd, lig i a addiial viw bd

IWG, NARA, ad OSI a. OSI aigd i

lg-vig hiia h faggd d

a wll a makd d idd likly hld

imai bj h OSI xli ad p-

pa daild hm. Naial Ahiv a

ad all dm makd by h OSI hiiaa pmpivly xldd il pially waivd,

a whih pi hy w pd pbli la.

T OSI Di ad h OSI Chi Hiia h

xamid h viwig hiia’ ad, i may

ia, h dm hmlv, dmi

whih d ll d h ay xli ad

al idiy d ha h Di hld p-

ally viw pibl waiv.

T OSI Di piipally d h llwig

iia idiy h d ha h wld -id waivig: (1) lva i ig U.S.

Gvm ad ig gvm pd

Nazi imial; (2) maial qd by h IWG’

hiia; ad (3) maial aiig igia

w imai ab h Hla.83

Sm IWG mmb ad a wld hav likd

all xldd l viwd pial waiv, b

h vy lag mb l, ad h a ha h

OSI Di l ha h al had h xpi ad

ahiy mak al dii, dd a gal

viw impibl. Ciig hial qim, h

OSI Di al dlid viw waiv x-

ldd d ha paid : (1) dda wh

pvaild i liigai bgh by h DOJ, i whih

i wa ablihd ha hy did not paiipa i Nazi-

pd im, (2) bj OSI ivigai

i whih OSI dmid ha h allgai w

laly ; ad (3) bj OSI ivigai

i whih OSI wa abl d ay vid p-

p a aabl pii ha h allgai migh

b .84

T yp maial ha hav b xldd

vaid idably by agy. Mh h xldd

maial m h Sa Dpam, xampl, i-

vlvd abl a bw Wahig ad h ld

ha h Sa Dpam OSI’ bhal. Txldd Sa Dpam maial pai

OSI’ ivigai ad pi idividal

bj. T majiy xldd FBI ad Amy -

d (may whih igiad i h la 1940 ad

1950) pai pa p OSI bj b

OSI’ ivigai hm. T OSI maiai

ha h d a b pailaly impa

OSI’ immigai ad aalizai ad p-

i ia a hy dm h x h U.S.

Gvm’ kwldg ab a bj’ waimaivii a h im immigai aalizai.

Exampl waivd l ild h wll-kw

a, h a Kla Babi, O v Blhwig, ad

K Waldhim.

Adig a agm ahd bw

DOJ/OSI ad h IWG, all dm ly b-

ig wihhld ba hy all d h OSI xl-

i will b lad dail hi la hav

b diad bw h Naial Ahiv ad

h Dpam Ji.




Department o Justice – US Pardon Attorney

Search Strategy

I p h IWG, h O h Pad A-

y lad appximaly bi (ab

10,000 pag) wa im–lad d h

Naial Ahiv. Ildd wihi hi ai

a a mb dm paiig gai

lmy mya Kawakia, a Japa-Amia

dal iiz d gily a i 1948 mi-

aig Amia POW whil h wa mplyd a a

ivilia ip a a pi lab amp i waim

Japa. Al ildd i h ai i h pad

appliai Iva Ikk gi D’Aqi (aka ky

R), a Japa Amia vid i 1949 a- badaig Japa ppagada dig h

Pai Wa.



85. I ada wih Exiv Od 12958 ad i pd, h Sa Dpam had alady ymaially viwd

dlaiai ad ad h Naial Ahiv m i id l dad b 1973. I ya h D-

pam Sa had b m aggiv ha ay h Cabi-lvl agy i viwig i d ad aig hm

h Naial Ahiv.


Department o State

Table 10 Department o State declassication summary (number o pages)


NWCDA 6,502,500 48,889 41,317 269 7303

JIGDA 5,205,000 3,716 3,602 6 108


Search Strategy

T Dpam Sa ahd all d ill i

i dy likly hld lva dmai.

T Exiv Say h Dpam a

al mal akig mmada all maj

ad ba h Dpam, ad mba-

i ad h va p ad mii, allig h idiai lva dm, ad h

h aal pdi dm. T akig

mmada pvidd xiv wi gida ad

qid h bmii daild wi p

dm ah l. Eah ba wa

qid ak i bdia ad va

p d i jidii. T wa xiv l-

lw-p by lph, wi pd, -mail,

ad lgam va p.

T IWG ad h HAP qid h m-pl h Dpam’ ah JIGDA

dm ba h akig d qiig h

ah wa dad ly day b h ah wa

b ldd. Ivigaig h, h IWG a

dmid ha Sa’ paly impibl hdl

wa h l baai dlay i iig h

mal akig. T Fig Svi p had a-

ally ivd h akig imally val wk

pi, i im d a adqa ah by h

d da.T Sa Dpam al ahd i Sa A-

hivig Sym (SAS), whih ai ab 25 mil-

li d, ad i id pap d. Pimaily,

h Dpam ahd d dad a 1973,

h vlm d lld iiial valai

ad ally dmid b lva d h a

wa laivly mall.85 Si 1973, h SAS ha vdlagly a a li piy abl a b-

w hadqa ad i p.

T Sa Dpam bga i li -

d ah h SAS ig bad m h a

“Nazi,” “im,” ad “wa imial,” whih i amd

wld b i idiy all pially lva

d. Rlva d m amg hi bah w

pid ad pd dlaiai. Hwv,

hi mhd wa divd b iadqa wh h

Sa Dpam’ ah i pap d bga pd im ha hld hav b idid i h

li ah. T Sa Dpam h didd

ah i li l agai ig a li h

am 20 Nazi. Ti vald val hdd

addiial dm ha w pially lva

h a. Fiv h idividal h li w

ld h aalyi. Ti d ah

h v bj d p 762 dm, whih

407 w dmd lva by h Sa Dpam’

dm aaly. B hi , h Dpamhad d ly 78 h 407 dm.



86. T ay mmb i amd hi paiv IWG.


T Sa Dpam idd xamiig

i li l ig h 60,000 Nam Li, b

ba h li wa ad m am wih waim

ad immdia pwa lva, h agy didd

i wld b pdiv maally h

am i d ah a daaba d ad

aly h dad a h wa. Iad, wih h

h IWG a, h Dpam d a li

i Nazi ad a li 2,300 pd wa

imial kw hav had wih h U.S.

Gvm (piipally ig immigai ad

via i), whih w idd m likly ha

h 60,000 Nam Li yild lva dm

m amg h Dpam’ p-1972 d.

Ti ah pdd appximaly 20,000 pial-

ly lva dm. A lag mb h ampdd dm, ad may dm w

d b ab idividal wh mly had h am

am a m h ah li. T Sa Dpa-

m limiad h -lva ad dplia d-

m, h dlaid h maiig maial ad

pd hm a h Naial Ahiv.

T imai aid i lva l la-

d pimaily m i, h a h ah

Nazi gld, h xadii ad dpai Nazi

wa imial lig m OSI a, ad wldwid ivigai viy pd ighig Nazi

wa imial. F xampl, h Dpam Sa

d lld ad viwd ildd imai

lad h a Kla Babi, J Mgl,

Wal Ra, Vil ia, Jh Dmjajk, Kal Li-

a, ad Adija Akvi.

State Department Compliance with the Acts

Giv h laivly mall vlm pially l-

va d maiig i h dy h SaDpam ha wld d b xamid d

h NWCDA ad JIGDA, h IWG xpd ha

h Dpam wld b abl mpl i wk

qikly. Rgably, ha wa h a.

Pa h pblm lay i h a il. T

NWCDA pially digad h Hiia h

Dpam Sa a h Dpam’ IWG p-

aiv. I a, agy had w ay

mmb all h agi.86 T Hiia had

di admiiaiv paial l v

h dpamal mp aally maagig ad

admiiig h Sa Dpam’ d dla-

iai pgam. Alhgh h Hiia’ O

i h Dpam’ d maagm ad d-

laiai ahiy, i ha bad xpi hi-

ial i, ad i pibilii ild adviig

h Dpam i laig h dlaia-

i, maia, ad pvai impa hi-

ial d. T O h Hiia wa hxivly ivlvd i h vall dii hw

h Dpam Sa wld ay i NWCDA

pibilii.

Hwv, i wa ah lm Sa, h

O Imai Pgam ad Svi (IPS),

d h Aia Say Admiiai, ha

aally aid wad h d ah ad dla-

iai . IPS, ig i xpid dlaia-

i ad FOIA viw, maagd ad implmd

h ah lva dm. Sval Sa - wih xiv xpi i Gma aai ad

kwldg h Nazi a viwd h dm

lvay ad dk hi dlaiai.

Iiially, hi diji bw O h

Hiia ad Sa’ dlaiai ahiy l-

d i lghy dlay ad i v h

h Dpam’ aiy qim h

a. F xampl, val ai, h IWG ad

h HAP gh laiai ma ha w

d h jidii h Hiia’ biad qid h di ivlvm ial

m h aa h Dpam. Ulimaly, hi

pblm wa vm ad h Dpam wkd




ivly dig h la ya h IWG .

Al a h bgiig h Dpam’ d-

laiai , pi dm ha Sa

Dpam aaly dmd -lva h Di-

l A w dyd wih a d. A

h IWG adi am lad hi pd, h

Sa Dpam hagd i pai ad avd p-

i dm dmd -lva adi am

viw.

A h dm ah pdd, h Dpa-

m wkd lly wih h IWG a, ad pai-

laly wih h IWG adi am, a a mh

admiiaiv ad lag ad xpad h

baiv paam h dm ah. Ex-

iv pal llw-p wih Dpam Sa

ial, ad wih mbai ad h va pad mii, pdd may lva d ha

migh hwi hav b vlkd. I a i

whih h adi diagd wih h Sa Dpa-

m’ dmiai lvay, wih h plim-

iay dii wihhld dlaiai a d-

m a igia gm h, h IWG gd

h Dpam -viw h pvily laid

maial ad b l iiv i xmpig -

h d m dlaiai. T Dpam

Sa wa lly piv hi q, d

wih h IWG’ ipai h dlaiai

adad, ad -xamid pvily wihhld -

d. A a l, addiial imai wa dla-

id. Sm h d ha w bqly

dlaid ildd p U.S. dii wih

Epa gvm ial gadig mpa-

i Hla viim. Oh d gld

aqid by h Nazi ha hy had ad h i.




Department o the Treasury

Table 11 Department o Treasury declassication summary (number o pages)


NWCDA 1,400,000 430 430 0 0

JIGDA N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A


note: ay l pibly lva d JIGDA a i h dy h Naial Ahiv ad a ildd i h Ahiv’

g ( abl 13).

Search Strategy

T ay Dpam mad a daild ah

i hldig ad d ha h majiy i lva

d lad mpai l a

Nazi gld. Sm l lad GAO iqii Nazi wa imial wh may hav d h Uid

Sa. T ay Dpam ahd d

d JIGDA, b d ha w laid.



Agency Implementation o the Acts

Federal Bureau o Investigation

Table 12 FBI declassication summary (number o pages)


NWCDA 3,250,186 364,919 363,015 5 1,899

JIGDA 127,085 71,485 71,485 0 0


Search Strategy

T FBI’ Hiial ad Exiv Rviw Ui

(HERU), Rd Maagm Divii, wa akd

wih ig ha h FBI mplid wih h Dil-

A. HERU’ ad gaizai w

wll id h ak laig lva d i

h labaly -idxd FBI lig ym.I gal, FBI d la imial ad

aial iy ivigai dd by h B-

a. T Ba gaiz i d i mbd

laiai pdig pi vilai

law aivii, h a laiai 100 (dmi

iy), 065 (piag), ad 105 (ig -

illig).

T Ba d i adiial ivigaiv l

ah p la d lva d h

a. Fi, i pai wih a IWG a ahi-vi wh had xiv xpi wih FBI d,

HERU aaly bga by viwig laiai

ha pmid hld wa im imai, h

a Fig Cillig, Fig Pli Ma-

, Fig Miliay ad Naval Ma, ad Fig

Fd. T laiai likly ai lva

l w xamid a l-by-l bai idiy

pag ha w piv h a. HERU al

ahd l bvi laiai, h a h

wih pibl lva l a.Uig h FBI’ Amad Ca Spp Sy-

m ad i 65 milli–ad maal idi, HERU

ahd h ld laiai l amig

idividal i h 60,000 Nam Li, a wll a -

gaizai ad m pid i h Japa ky-

wd li, ad h IWG m li. HERU viwd

l ha w ad a aly a 1920 ad a ly

a 1998. T FBI al avad m mply

wh w likly hav kwldg FBI pai

dig Wld Wa II. HERU h iviwd v-

al m Spial Ag wh w iimaly ivlvd

i FBI waim ad pwa pai. T i-

viw yildd addiial agi xplig hl. Laly, IWG hiia bid HERU Wld

Wa II ad wa im pi. Addiial IWG a

vii hlpd h FBI kp i aaly lly imd

i lad h a ad wa im. IWG

hiia, ig h l h agi, d p

m FBI aivii, whih yildd -

h lad.

I addii h abv agi, HERU -

dd idpd ah bad i iiial d-

ig. T ld HERU lly xami iPj Paplip l, whih ld i v 600

addiial l big lad d h idividal

am Gma ii.

Dig Wld Wa II ad awad, m l

ig wa ma w iiiad a FBI Had-

qa. Nvhl, HERU avad FBI ld

l lva h Dil A ad

ipad dig m ld i i had-

qa lig ym. I aly all ia, h

igial FBI l wa la ad h Naial Ahiv alg wih h FBI idx ad h l.

FBI Compliance with the Acts

O h ah w mpld ad h l la-

d, all l w ivd by h FBI’ Cal Rd

Sym. Nx, HERU a viwd h l l-

vay. A h pimay l w big viwd, h




FBI id ah i hldig ig addiial

bj m.

T FBI viwd i l ig a bad di-

i lvay. I h maial i a l lad v

gally Gma Japa pi h

wa ( xampl, i hy aid imai ab

h Gma waim my), h l wa dmd

lva d h a. A a l, h FBI dlai-

d hdd had pag. Fh, i a

FBI l aid m lva imai, HERU

ampd dlaiy h i l i d p-

v h igiy h d.

B dlaiyig a dm, h FBI viwd

i wi: h iiial viw wa bqly md

by a m xpid laiai xp. p-

iiv imai, HERU dad laidx ah ha wihhldig a i dm ha

aid m laid imai. Pag ai-

ig iiv imai w al viwd wi.

B ay h l w ad

NARA, h pgam maag viwd all dad

imai dmi whh ay dad ma-

ial ld i a b lad. IWG adi mpad

all dai ad wihhld dm wih h igi-

al, idiyig ay qiabl wihhldig

h viw.O h 436,000 pag idid by HERU a l-

va d h Dil A, ly v ll pag

qid id laiai. Appximaly 1.5

p h ad pag (6,044 laig Na-

zi ad 388 laig Japa) qid dai

laid imai. Ov 98 p all da-

i d (1) imai ab a dial

(2) imai, whih, i lad, wld

impai lai bw h Uid Sa ad a -

ig gvm. N h wihhld am id-

id a wa imial a wa im p. Oh

ay ba dai ildd imai

lad gad jy ivigai, Fdal im

ax daa, ad idividal ial iy mb.

T FBI iiially dmid ha imai

m val ig gvm qid id

pi. A h IWG’ q, h FBI ad

h gvm ad ahd agm ha al-lwd vially all i ig gvm imai

b dlaid. Oly a w dai am

imai laig idividal aiad wih

h gvm mai.

A al 116 pag m 24 l w dmd

lva. T w plad i a vlp makd

-lva ad ad NARA wih h igi-

al l i d kp h igial l ia.

Ov a pid w ya, h FBI mad 32

hipm lva d h Naial A-hiv. S g 14 a xampl a dlaid

FBI d.




Figure 14 Fake passport

A h wa, Wal Shllbg, had SD Fig Illig, ampd dwplay hi

waim aivii. Hwv, wly lad dm hlp hiia daw a m aa pi.

Giv ya by Himml a a iv agy, Shllbg vhald ad ad SS

Fig Illig—i pa wih m Gap mmb—ad by 1943 i had a a 2,000.

Ud Shllbg’ ig, SD Fig Illig gd pmily i bh h mai ad

implmai Nazi pliy.

Nwly lad FBI d ild h pap pid blw a wll a vlmi l

lad Shllbg’ illig ad illig aivii, pially igai h

pl ad h Nazi illig vi. Shllbg wa apd i Swd a

h wa ampig ap d a al idiy, ad d a ix-ya m wa im.

Pmably l igial U.S. pap (abv)d mak a gy Shllbg (igh).Claiai 65, Sial 47826 EBF.




National Archives And Records Administration

Table 13 NARA declassication summary (number o pages)

Screened Found relevant Declassifed & released Withheld in ull Under OSI exclusion

NWCDA 57,665,700a 7,581,408b 7,581,165 0 243

JIGDA 2,037,500a 57,500b 57,500 0 0

source: Mah 2007 IWG aiial p.a Fig ild laid d ha w ad h Naial Ahiv b h Dil A. T Naial A-

hiv ahd i hldig Gma- ad Japa-lad dm a h am im; h mb dm d

d ah a i h a ima.bNmb p whl l, lad pv l igiy. Oly a mall pi h l ild lva wa im

dmai.

Ud h Dil A, h Naial Ahiv -

lad whl ahival l i ah ha lddm, whih had a maj impa h qa-

iy d ahd ad h lag mb pag

dlaid. I i impa dad ha m

h Naial Ahiv hldig pd d

h a d , i a, dily h wa im.

Hwv, h la i l ha ild wa

im imai limia ay qi whh-

lva may hav b dd awly.

Search StrategyLik vy Exiv Bah agy hldig laid

d, h Naial Ahiv wa qid xami

all laid d i i dy i d idiy

lva wa im dm dlaiai -

viw ad la. Hwv, lik h agi, h

NARA’ ah did i w paial

d. A h lgal piy h pmaly

valabl d h U.S. Gvm, h Nai-

al Ahiv mad a plimiay vy ig li ad

idi v 300 milli pag ahival dad by h agi. T vy d

w bdi d: aid d ha had

g hgh ymai dlaiai viw,

kw a “pd d,” ad laid d-

m ha had b wihhld m pvily dla-

id d i, kw a “wihdaw d.”

T vy idid v 57 milli pag d

qiig h xamiai lvay d h

a. T maiv vlm d wa h dividdi h gal gp, whih w akd f

hi liklihd aiig lva wa im i-

mai. Pig d h d wih

h high pbabilii aiig laid wa

im imai.

Unprocessed Records

A h dia d ad m may

di agi, h Naial Ahiv i h hi

may yp d kpig ym. T bil-li pag idividal dm hld by h

Naial Ahiv a gally gaizd j a hy

w ad ad maiaid a igiaig agi.

A a l, h Naial Ahiv had mply ml-

ipl appah ah ad idiy pially

lva pd d. T Naial Ahiv

ahd bh i mal dipiv imai ab

h d ad i ahival pig l. Eli

ah pd d idid h pii-

pal maial qiig h xamiai. A-i di aqiii ad dii

wih ahivi pvidd h lad w d

hldig maial b ad. Fially,

h Naial Ahiv xamid gid, ivi,

ad dig aid i ah pially

lva . I gal, l w dmd likly

b lva bad bj, ggaphi lai,




im pid, ad gvmal i ivlvd. Giv

h a ha m h d idid had b

ad b 1960, NARA ih dlaid hm

gd hi dlaiai by viwig agi

ba, v i hy w ly mly lva, -

la wld pvi glig dlaiai

ad a h pig h ll hiial d

h pid. Ti appah wa ak i h bli ha

a ll d will yild imai ad iigh i h

dy wa im ha may b immdi-

aly vid.

Withdrawn Records

T Naial Ahiv idid pially lva

wihdaw d by ahig li daaba

laid d hldig, viwig pap-baddi all pa dlaiai pj, ad -

viwig pi ha pvidd bi dipi

all wihdaw dm. Wh wihdaw d

w i ay way lad wa imial, bad

h kw aib h p d m whih

h wihdawal had b mad, ad h aal

viw, hy w dlaid. T, ia, all

d pvily wihdaw m Sa Dpam

l lad Spada Pi (wh high lvl Nazi

wa imial w iaad) w amaially idd lva ad w ih d by NARA

Sa Dpam viw la w d-

laid by NARA ig xiig Sa Dpam

gidli. Whil all idiai wihdaw -

d wa a bvi a h Spada l, a wih

pd d, NARA ampd h

id ili wh ay qi lva wa

pd.

Presidential LibrariesT Naial Ahiv hld ad admii all

Pidial pap i h Hv admiiai.

Eah h Pidial Libai dd a ah

h dm i i lli lva ma-

ial. Libai ahd hi d by bj gv-

mal gaizai. Libai abl d

li ah (h a h Raga Libay) d

likly ky wd a ggd by v ad i

h paila admiiai. F xampl, h -

ma Libay ad Eihw Libay ahd ay

maial lad h dii p h

Emp Japa ad h pmi Japa -

ial. T ma, Eihw, Kdy, Fd, ad

Raga Libai lad piv maial.

NARA Compliance with the Acts

Dig i ah d, h Naial Ahiv

xpadd i dii wha imai wa

lva d h Dil A. Iiially, i -

ad d kw hav di

wa imial, h a Amy Cillig

Cp l Gma dai. A h p ad-

vad, ahivi mvd ild all h OSSl, ia, ba h milla a

h l ma hy aid a wid vaiy

imai, whih xpdly lad

ap wa im. Ev gal d , ay,

waim a i Swizlad, wih ay -

wa im, ld lad dail ab ld

Nazi a Nazi iig pai ha p-

pd imial aiviy. Sh divi aly i h

p ld h Naial Ahiv d lvay

a badly a pibl.T Naial Ahiv appahd dlaia-

i i h am xpaiv ma a i dmia-

i lvay. T dlaiai a wkd

la i l ad d i maiai h

ahival x ad l igiy h wly lad

wa im imai. Ta i, h dlaiai

ahiy divd m h Dil A wa ap-

plid a h bad lvl, whl igal d

i amg whih piv l w divd,

ah ha limiig viw idividal wa imdm. NARA gd agy dlai -

i h dy wihhld illig imai

imply ba ai kid imai had adi-

ially b wihhld. Ti pdd a bad

la Wld Wa II illig ad ivigaiv

imai, whih w byd pi wa im

ad wa imial dm pvid a ll hi-




ial bakdp h aw pi.

Dlaiai d i h Naial A-

hiv ally qi diai wih, ad advi

ad aia m, dal agi wih qii i

h laid imai i h dm, gadl

wh ad h dm. Idd, h Naial

Ahiv ad m i m mplx wk i -

diaig viw d ha had mlipl-ag-

y qii. All agi pdd diligly IWG

q aia wih viwig h d.

T Naial Ahiv a al pd wih h

pblm laig imai ha idid vi-

im a wll a ppa wa im. Sm p-

ially iiv pal imai wa aid

i vy d. NARA’ Gal Cl p-

vidd advi imai ha ld qi wih-hldig a pivay. T Naial Ahiv

amd pibiliy h pivay viw bh

d i i dy ad d ad h

Ahiv d h Dil A.

I addii, all h maial b lad -

d h Dil A had b paaly d

i whl pa pial i. Fi, NARA

a gav h immdia viw piiy d

i h Hla A Cmmii, whih

wa mplig i lgal mada. Sd, d p-

i pvii i h Dil A, h Naial

Ahiv vaw viw by h DOJ/OSI all -

d, dig la m 18,000 pag a-

ily xldd d whil pig immdia

la m ha 23,000 pag pa waiv

h xli giv by h DOJ/OSI mmb. Tid,

d h Kyl ad L Amdm, h Dpam

Egy had viw all d b lad. Fl-

lwig h DOE viw, h Naial Ahiv abbd

ad wihdw val hdd pag m h l

b pbli la gad agai dimiai

hial la imai. Fially, i mpli-a wih h Rd C pgam iid

a h Spmb 11 aak, h Naial Ahiv

viwd all d hig Japa, Gma,

ad Allid hmial ad bilgial waa pv

la hial imai wap ma

di.



87. NARA viwd Ji Chi Sa d i i dy.


Other Agencies

T Deense Intelligence Agency, Department o

Energy, Department o Commerce, United States

Inormation Agency, Federal Reserve Board, Joint

Chies o Sta , ad National Aeronautics and Space

Administration w akd xami hi hldig

d ha w pially lva d h

Dil A.87 Eah h agi imd

h IWG ha i d lva laid d

i hi ah. T National Security Council al

ahd i d ad d a igl piv

dm.

T a h Federal Reserve Board xd a

hgh ah i d ig h 60,000 NamLi. Whil h Bad d hav igial lai-

ai ahiy, i aially iv laid d-

m m h agi. T FRB viwd v

10,000 pag i i dy, ad aid i iiiaig a

viw d i h dy h Fdal Rv

Bak i Nw Yk. Whil hi viw pdd

lva laid d, i did l i h idi-

ai m 3,000 pag laid dm,

whih lad Wld Wa II-a izd a, pi

whih w ad h Naial Ahiv.NASA dmid aly i h dlaiai

ha i hld lva d i ay i

pa, d hldig aa, i h Fdal Rd

C. A NASA ial bid h IWG i Ag

1999 h agy’ p h a ad mally

id h IWG ad h Ahivi h Uid Sa-

ha ay lva laid d i h dy

h Naial Ahiv aiig NASA qii

w b viwd ad dlaid by NARA.

T National Security Council mad a hgh

ah i hldig ig h 60,000 Nam Li

ad lad ly dm ha wa piv

h a. Fllwig i dlaiai viw, h

NSC ad h Naial Ahiv a py

hi dm, whih aid mi m aNSC mig aiig h Kla Ba-

bi aai. Si h mi aid imai

a mb -wa im lad pi ill -

qiig aial iy pi, h NSC dla-

id ha pi h mi laig Babi

ad dad h maid. T Naial Ahiv

apd hi dad py ad lad i a pa

h IWG R Clli. Rpiv laid

maial ad ivd by h NSC ha a

lg i NSC dy a amg h hldig hNaial Ahiv ad i Pidial libai, ad

w hadld by h Ahiv i p h a.



88. T a ima ba h aivii ivlvd a pibl i aig ad ba ag-

i did all p lly. CIA wihhld imai i adh h pliy ha illig bdg imai i

iy laid.

T Dil A h Amia ppl ap-

pximaly $30 milli, ab $3.50 p pag,

la, dlaiy, ad p gvm d ha

w lagly v 50 ya ld.88 Wa i wh i? I

h wd, a igl-bj, agd, la-ad-

dlaiy pj wh h xadiay lvl

qid gvm agi ad h high qid h Amia axpay? T IWG

wa dply d ab whh h p

ha ha b ahivd hgh h la d

d h Dil A ld hav b ahd

m mplly ad m ily by ah

mhaim.

Op il i i qi. A i

hap 3 hi p, lak p wa a maj

imp bhid h Dil A. Cgial

diaiai wih h piv U.S. il-lig agi qi ab hi Nazi

wa imial i pwa illig wk, ad pbli

diaiai wih h lak aggiv i p-

ig Japa wa imial ad hldig Japa a-

abl d pii ha gvm a

b d ll h h v ab v wll v

a hal y pa. Sm v hag ha h i

a d v-p i pg. T IWG bliv

ha p h maximm x i wih

aial iy will amlia h pii. Tllwig dig, aaly, ad mmdai

a d i ha pii.

Finding 1: Te opening o documentation related

to war crimes required a targeted, legislatively man-

dated eort. T 8 milli pag lagly illi-

g-lad maial lad d h Dil-

A had vy lil pp big lad

i a imly ma hgh i dlaiai

mhaim. I a, may h dm ladd h Dil A ha a m hiially

valabl, pailaly d h Amy Ci-

llig Cp ad h O Sagi Svi,

had ly dg ymai viw d Ex-

iv Od 12958 ad w lad. T

dm, viwd d Exiv Od 12958

(amdd by Exiv Od 13292), w wihhld

imply ba hy blgd a category i-

mai mally wihhld, ba hi

wa ill iiv wld ham aial iy i lad. I h a, dm w aid

viw by ah agy ba h agy wih d-

laiai ahiy wa la mak a di-

i wih lai. Similaly, FBI d -

lad d h Dil A wld hav b

lad a a bdy wih h A ba hy w

bj ay gla viw. Ty wld hav

b lad ly pimal d ad Fdm

Imai A q.

Kpig d laid i h pah la -ia agi, ad a p.

Spial dlaiai viw l wh

6. Findings and Policy Recommendations



89. hp://www.ahiv.gv/i/p/2003_aal_p.hml#11/.

90. Rp h Cmmii Pig ad Rdig Gvm Sy 1997, Sa Dm 105-2, Pa

Pbli Law 236, 103d Cg (Wahig: Gvm Piig O, 1997).


agi, i pai a appahig amai dla-

iai dadli, hi a qikly viw

lag bdi maial. T a d i

m xpdii— mi bial hi

iig a— i laiai. T

IWG d ha ymai dlaiai viw

dd by a gally yildd iadqa

l.

T IWG ldd ha h vwhlmig ma-

jiy maial lad d h Dil A

hld hav b lad ali d Exiv O-

d 12958. Had h dlaiai mhaim al-

ady i pla b wkig pply, h Dil

A wld hav b ay. I a iv

ym, dmai 50 ad 60 ya ld wld

b viwd dlaiai wih h pmpiha i i laabl l i la wld demonstra-

bly ij h iy h ai.

Recommendation 1: Congress should enable the Ex-

ecutive Branch to enorce the declassication system

currently in place. Agi hld ii, ad C-

g hld pvid vigh a, ha agy

viw gag i baiv viw laid

maial, v hgh ha maial may ai i-

mai lad illig ad mh-d. Cg hld pvid h ay

pp gh pl dvd dlaia-

i viw ad a ha h pl a ad-

qaly aid b abl mak d dlaia-

i dii.

Finding 2: argeted, subject-specic search and de-

classiy eorts are an expensive and inefcient way to

address overdue declassication. T $3.50 p pag

dig, dlaiyig, ad laig wa imd a xdd ypial pdig dlaia-

i aivii. Adig h Imai Siy

Ovigh O, whih mi h ai’ lai-

ai ym, h p pag maial dla-

id hgh ymai viw i 2003 wa $1.26.89

I 1997, h Myiha Cmmii pd val

ia ma dlaiai pj ha bgh

h dw pi, v l, p pag.90

Rd lad d h Dil A ld

hav b lad ali a a ai h .

T OSS d viwd d h Dil A,

ia, ld aily hav b viwd wih a

mhd l iiv ad di ha a li-by-li

viw, ad h am l wld hav b ahd.

T ablihm a amai dlaia-

i da all maial wld pvid addiial

aa ha h pbli wld vally g i-

mai ha ld b lad dig mally hdld viw, phap lig h p

pial viw.

Recommendation 2: An absolute declassication

date should be established or exempt records. I

addii ig h dlaiai y-

m, a im pid hld b ablihd, pably

hgh law, byd whih maial may mai

wihhld m pbli a. Ti may b a vy lg

pid, phap 75 ya. T IWG giz hah may b imai ha will qi pi

a vy lg pid i d p h Nai’

iy, ia, pv h dimiai

hmial, bilgial, ad la wapy ima-

i. Hwv, a h xpi h Dil A

dma, h i a pi a whih pi i

lg -iv wi imai ha

ha l i iiviy, h a wh a lg

dad ad hlgi ha a widly kw.

Finding 3: Te Disclosure Acts are unsuitable as a

model or the release o materials overdue or declas-



Findings and Recommendations 7

sication. Alhgh h Dil A addd a

ail h dlaiai ym, igl-

bj dlaiai hav val ih

pblm. O pblm i ha l ad d

hi mdl a di h hiial d. Ba

CIA dm lad d h A lak hi

igial l idi ad pla i h l, h ma-

ig divd m l x ad dig d-

mai i, m dg, mpmid.

T Sa Dpam al lad idividal

dm ba i l w li ad

aagd i agi maigl h a. T

Sa Dpam i aig i li l i

ll h Naial Ahiv i h mal

dipii (i li l m 1973-1975 a al-

ady availabl a h Naial Ahiv). T lak aagm h l pag a pblm ha will

b d wih li l ha a

admly mpild. Naial Siy Agy l

al pd hi pblm, wih addiial iy

mpliai.

Ah pblm wih igl-bj dlaia-

i i agy dily wih ah. Agy

pl wh aally d ah d law

h a h a b d b bj-aa

xp. Sahig Nazi ad Japa wa imd wa pibl ly ba h wa alady

a lag hiial d a a ah

m ad dii, h wa a ll bdy hla-

hip h bj, ad h wa a bai pbli -

dadig , ad iig i i wa im

d. Ev wih widly availabl imai

h bj wa imial, i wa ay h

IWG pvid hiial xpi ad aly

mi h qaliy agy ah.

Naly all h pl dvd implm-ig h Dil A, wh wk ald m 172

ll-im a ya, w alady viwig d

d ymai dlaiai mhaim (h

a Exiv Od 12958) pdig iiz’

Fdm Imai A q. Sa had

p h pibilii aid whil hy implm-

d h Dil A.

Fially, h IWG had ga i pa b-

a h a paid Nazi, h Hla, ad

Japa miam Amia POW. T Di-

l A, (lik h Pid Jh F. Kdy A-

aiai Rd Clli A), hd pi

ha p igia pbli aivim, whih agi

d wa d agai hm.

Recommendation 3: argeted declassication proj-

ects should be limited to subjects o exceptional pub-

lic interest that have not been adequately addressed

by the declassication system. Implmig h

Dil A hwd ha bj-pi d-

laiai pj a iv wh h bj i

wll dd ad laivly aw. agd d

ah-ad-dlaiai migh b apppi-a aw pbli qi ha hav m dg

gy, h a h ah d POW

ad MIA h ah maial lad Gl

Wa ill, whih ivlv h a ad wll

big Amia ldi. Oid h di-

i, i wld m l i adp

h Dil A xpi a a mdl add

h pblm vd dlaiai gally.

Finding 4: Greater precision in the denition o theintent o the Disclosure Acts and o the role and au-

thority o the Interagency Working Group would

have spared time, money, and contention. A h

bgiig h implmai pid, h wa

m aiy ab h p h Nazi Wa

Cim Dil A ad, la, ab h bj

h Japa Impial Gvm Dil A

ha impdd pg.

Hwv, a ga hida ll implm-

ai h A wa aiy ab h IWG’l ad ahiy. T IWG wa giv ahiy ly

mmd d dlaiai ad la.

A did i hap 4, h Dil A gav -

piv agy had h dii-makig ahiy

v h dlaiai ad la lva d-

m, whih ld ga iiy amg agy

appah implmai. T law pvidd




mhaim adjdia di pii ab

a dm’ lva iiviy.

Wih ahiy imp adad l-

va ad dlaiai, ad wih a ay

li p llw (h a ha pibd

by h Kdy Aaiai Rd Clli

A), h IWG’ ly wa add hi-

ial ad mal agm high agy ial.

Alhgh h IWG’ pbli mmb d hi

a im llig , maigl mplia wih

h law maid, a ba, vlay.

Recommendation 4: Legislation mandating targeted

declassication projects should be clear in its intent

and clear in the authority given to any body estab-

lished to provide oversight. Cla ay diiad i, pld wih a gaizd ad ahia-

iv vigh ablihm, wld hav ld i

m i ah ad dlaiai viw

a h Exiv Bah.

T ablihm h Pbli I

Dlaiai Bad (PIDB), a qid by h

Pbli I Dlaiai A 2000, appa

aiy hi mmdai i p i all

a m mal vigh ablihm. T IWG

mmd h PIDB h ai Cg aa paial li dlaiai viw maial

lad bj high pbli i. T IWG

al hwv, ha h a bdy i a li

h m gal pblm h amlai

laid d ad h iadqa dlaiai

h d a hy ag.

Finding 5: Te public must be involved in oversight

o the search and declassication process. L h

gvm d ad dlaiai ablihmal, h implmai h Dil A

wld hav yildd aly h am qal-

iy imai ha i vally pdd. T

ili mmid, kwldgabl, ad ii

pbli mmb vig h IWG avd h dla-

iai m big i ad py.

T mmb, gh wih a Hiial Adviy

Pal, h hldig pbli m, ad a gal

pai p, kp h i IWG a-

abl val impa ii, lig i

h la m imai.

Recommendation 5: Appoint Public Members to

Oversight Boards. Ba id vigh wa -

ial h hi dlaiai , h

ail appi a h pbli mmb, a qid

d h Japa Impial Gvm Dil

A, may hav hamd h dibiliy h impl-

mai h a, ad hi hld b -

pad i . Ovigh bdi ha ild

pbli pai a m likly b kpial

i dlaiai dii, m likly

mai idpd, ad l bj Gvmagy p. gh wih a la ad p d-

ii-makig p ad a imaiv pbli i-

mai pgam, pbli pai will

apa Gvm dlaiai .

Finding 6: As ununded mandates, the Disclosure

Acts adversely aected systematic declassication re-

view programs and other access programs at some

agencies. T implmai h Di-

l A w b ily gla agy bdg. Ti ma ha mally allad

ymai viw pgam ad Fdm I-

mai A pig w a la paially divd

m h dmad h a. Alhgh m

agi w abl i bh aivii, bh a-

ivii d m lak ba mal

dlaiai ad h imai a aivii

a adiially d dd. F a mall agy

h a h Naial Ahiv, h $12 milli

implmig h Dil A ad pvidig all admiiaiv pp h IWG qid h

ailm h a-lad aivii, lig

i lw pbli a maial qally a

impa a h vd by h Dil A.

Recommendation 6: Access and declassication leg-

islation should include adequate unding.



7. Perspectives



T h pbli vi ha playd a maj l i

my li. My vi a a vi i h Amy ad h

Navy, a a dal p, ad a a lawy ivi-

gaig ad ad ab i h Sa Nw Yk ha

vid m ha pbli vi i a pbli . Tpbli qi a al adh h i

h iizy, h lima biay pbli -

vi.

I wa m hi bakgd ha I appahd my

appim by Pid Cli a a pbli mmb

h IWG. Wih my pdly killd llag,

Rihad B-Vi ad Elizabh Hlzma, I -

vyd h lgilai ad h ak ahad.

I bam appa ha h lgilai -

aig h IWG wa lm ad mphiv imadaig dil ak b il div

i diig h p dd amplih

i. Whil h Cg ad h Pid had dd

maiv gvm-wid dil lg-

Nazi ad Impial Japa wa im dm,

my wa apppiad ad pial a

wa add. W w w i implmig

h lgilai. A daild i hi p, h my

am m h gvm agi hmlv ad

m NARA.T pbli mmb aly didd ha h IWG

dd hiia gid h ah, adad

lva ad ag dil h a-

i wh h IWG migh b ad wih agy -

ia. Hiig a ad ladig hiia wkig

h IWG (ad a lla Hiial Adviy Pal

pvid h gida) wa iiially id by

Thomas H. Baer

IWG Public Member

m h agy paiv vig h

IWG ad, ily, by m a NARA.

Ria hiig hiia wa bad p

h h lgilai ha mad x-

plii pvii hm ad by h philphial a-

gm ha w w b “dil,” a allgd ak ppdly qiig aalyi. Ta i-

a add wh h pbli mmb iid ha w

dd advi xp ivly aiy pb-

li bh wh w dd qi dil

ad wh h pbli i madad dil

dil i dad mmay m. Rlia

gwk wld d wh xp had h

aw. T hiia bam ial pa wih

.

O hiia pa gidd wh h di-l lva maial wld damag h -

i h Uid Sa. I m ia

wh agi qd dai mmai, h

pbli mmb agd. Whil h v w w

viwig k pla may ya ag, ai laid

Gvm dm lld m ly had

bi big mad pbli. T pbli mmb

“While the Congress and the

President had ordered massive

government-wide disclosure o

long-secret Nazi and Imperial

Japanese war crimes documents,

no money was appropriated

and no proessional staf was

aforded. We were on our own

in implementing the legislation.”




kw ha illig gahig i pa ay a

Amia ad w id ay dil ha wld

b haml.

Whil ah h agi had IWG pa-

iv, wih h xpi h Dpam J-

i hy limid hmlv dil mad by

hi w agi. I wa diappid ha h p-

aiv did wk h mm wal. I had

viid IWG agy mmb wkig ad a-

gizig a dil hgh h gv-

m. B ha v happd.

I wa dply impd wih h NARA a

mmb aigd , b I wa impd by

h Ahivi h Uid Sa wih whm

w dal, Jh Cali. Aally, I aw him i

v ya. I appad m ha hi appi hdil w w mak wa vy b, al-

hgh h did pply d m NARA’ bdg.

B hi lgilaiv paiv ily id

h IWG apppiai w had giad wih h

Cg a h im m w-ya x-

i. Hi , Ahivi h Uid Sa

D. All Wii, w IWG Chai, ha b

a ddiad llaba i ak ad I am glad I

vd wih him.

A Spmb 11, 2001, h CIA bga -iig dil. T pbli mmb dvlpd a

agy kig imal dil, hpig

mak a d jiyig ll dil. Ti p-

d wa dmaig, im-mig, ad i-

iv.

F xampl, wihadig a xiv d

qiig “a xpaiv viw h a” ad a a-

y pmpi avig dil, h CIA ii-

d ha i d paiig h SS m i had

mplyd dig h Cld Wa ld b valdl IWG dmad pily wha ah SS p-

aiv had d p ad dy Epa

Jwy. Ta h i SS wa dlad a “imial -

gaizai” a Nmbg mad impi h

CIA. T CIA kw ha jb wa iiia a

iqiy i h bhavi i SS aia,

h miig a -ma’-lad wh w had

ll h CIA a ha hy kw wih h CIA

lig kw hm. T aiay imal

appah g a li h am h wh had

l a h CIA, hig m.

T dip g h pi ha Dmb

23, 2002, h h-Gal Cl h CIA -

d m wih h pbli mmb “i d

di CIA’ pii” ha h pbli mmb -

dd wa i vilai law.

Ta, d h l ad ag

ai m Sa Mik DWi (ably abd

by Cgwma Caly Maly), h CIA -

vd i pii ad d a pai

ha ildd h CIA’ a w-ya x-

i h xi h IWG by h Cg ad

Pid Bh. B h i ad wa a dy mply i h ia.

Had h pbli mmb b willig -

abl ii ha pbli vi wa a pbli ,

h l wld hav baid ad h dil-

limaly mad by h CIA wld v hav

happd.

Lkig h , ay dlaiai ma-

dad by Cg hld pvid idpd d-

ig h agy hagd wih vigh h p

ad hld xpliily di h i xp gid i.

I am gal all wh vd ably -

lly mpl hi m jb. All hi am

appa lwh i hi p. I am hd by my

appim by Pid Cli ad i ia-

i by Pid Bh.

Ad I am pd ha I had a ha v h

pbli agai. Ty a h iiz biai

h pbli .



Unprecedented b haaiz h igh-ya wk

h Nazi Wa Cim ad Japa Impial Gv-

m Rd Iagy Wkig Gp (IWG).

T law ad h pi la, idiy,

dlaiy, ad pvid a m ha 8 millipag gvm dmai dad m 1933

hgh 1998 m amg a iv v 100 mil-

li pag a iq. T a val ky h

hi . T law (PL 105-246)—whih

pldd agi m amaially ivkig S-

i 701(a) h 1947 Naial Siy A (50 USC

431) ad hby xldig m viw laid p-

aial illig d—pvidd h ay

amwk h IWG’ l. Cibig h

piiv m wa h mmim by h Cli Admiiai vidd i h xiv d ad

h NSC ak h agi, whih gd hm

“ak a xpaiv viw h a …”

A igig h Wa Cim Dil A, M.

Cli xpd hi hp ha hi A ad h IWG

wld a la p all U.S. d wa im, wa

imial, ad h ivlvm h Uid Sa

Gvm. Ah ky h IWG’ amplih-

m wa i dii a p h pbli mm-

b’ mmdai ad bai h vi x-p hiia i h ld WWII, h Hla,

ad h U.S. illig ablihm. T v

hiia (Rihad Bima, Nma Gda, im

Naali, Rb Wl, ad Mal May) pvidd

ial gida i ahig h vai agi’

d ad d a imd ad idpd

aalyi h dlaid ad lad maial, -

Richard Ben-Veniste

IWG Public Member

haig pbli dadig h igia

h maial i hiial x. T vlm hy

hav pdd i idd a maj ibi h

hlahip WWII, wa imial, h Hla,ad gvm’ kwldg ab ad aia-

i wih idividal makd wih h ai a

pi ad gid.

T Dil A mpwd h IWG -

mmd h dlaiai all lva Fdal

Agy d. Rpibiliy amplihig h

aal viw a h i h lgilai d wih

h agi, h IWG. T Wkig Gp

pvidd gida by piyig h kid d

ad h kid imai dmd lva dh A’ dii wa im, wa imial, ad

wa imial d. T IWG diad wih

h agi’ a ad mid agy aivii

mplia, pailaly i m h “x-

paiv” viw ad “pbli i” i dil all

lva d.

T a val a ha highligh h

“There is ar too much secrecy

in government. Secrecy oten

acts as the handmaiden o

complacency, arrogance,

and incompetence … In a

democratic society, openness

should be the rule; the right to

know should trump the impulse

to withhold, except in truly

justiable circumstances.”




lig m h IWG . w i paila a

xmplay: h piv h U.S. Amy’ Il-

lig ad Siy Cmmad (INSCOM), ad h

laday h Fdal Ba Iviga-

i (FBI). Ealy i h implmai p, i

wa la ha h impa ad xiv vlm

lva l a INSCOM’ Ivigaiv Rd R-

piy (IRR) id h m impa

lva wa im d. T pblm

wa h h maiv h lli, i ahai

a ym, -illgibl milm pi pa-

p d lg i xi, ad a h h

i ha ld jpadiz laig h imai

h pbli. A h aigd hi pj by

h Amy hw p hi had i da, Maj. G-

al Rb Na, h mmad INSCOM,k hag. I Ob 1999, G. Na pldgd

ha h IRR wld digiiz i milm hldig,

dlaiy h wa imial d bad p IWG

gida, ad a digiizd pi h Nai-

al Ahiv by Spmb 30, 2000— ya la.

Gal Na mmid h i pibl

h IRR, h 902 Miliay Illig Gp ad

h 310h Miliay Illig Baali, h ak.

Ti wa a pb amplihm.

Likwi, h h FBI f h piivmmim Di Fh ad Mll h

l ad pii h Dil A. Di Fh

m wih h pbli mmb aly i h p.

Hi mmim h dil, ad h ladhip

h xd pvidd h h h Ba’ -

p. Hi ladhip xdd diig hi a

wk wih paiv h gvm

h pig lva ig gvm i-

mai d i h FBI l.

T Ba mad a Hla i viwig i hldig, bh pap ad li. M ha

65 milli idx ad had b viwd. T x-

pial m hi , whih ivlvd a-

ally ig i x 3 milli pag, i fd

i h 200 bi igial Ba l (m

ha 10 p h pag xamid lvay),

whih h FBI ad h Naial Ahiv

wih miimal dai ak i ad wih h

A’ xmpi. T impa h FBI’ wk i

pp h A i viibl i h impa ima-

i h d impa pi ad idividal

d wih Nazi ad Japa wa im. T

IWG hiia hav d h FBI dmai

ga igia i illmiaig a ag wa

im ad lad pi ildig pi, Nazi

a ai hm, xpliai Gma

ii pl (Opai Paplip), piag,

ad piag.

Ualy, h p h CIA im-

plmai h A wa m vld ad

qid h appliai maximm p

ahiv apabl mplia.

Iiially, h Agy pmd mmdably i dalig wih laid OSS d, whih i had

ad h Naial Ahiv pi h ab-

lihm h IWG. T d, aly a milli

pag, alg wih a bdy OSS d ill i Agy

dy, whih am b ad h Naial

Ahiv a a l h IWG , w xamid

ad dlaid by h Agy (did by p-

l a NARA’ Cllg Pak ailiy). T wk wa

d xpdiily ad, wih h aia NARA

a wh pvidd baiv hiial ad x-al gida, i a highly pial ma. T

p-CIA d, daig p Ob 19, 1946, a

aiaig i , ad a ky ihig

dadig wa imialiy dig ad immdi-

aly a WWII. T miimm mb ad -

baiv ad mhd dai ak i

h d f a qival p h

A’ qim.

By a, all CIA d ad h i im-

mdia pd, h Cal Illig Gp(CIG) dad a Ob 19, 1946, whih w

pially lva ad vd by h Dil

A, maid i CIA’ pi. A i iiial

pmiig p, h CIA ad i a d-

iv p gadig h d. Ti appah

fd a hd la by ai ai

wihi h Agy dlaiy imai ad abid



Perspectives 7

by h “xpaiv” ad p alld i h A

ad xiv d. Dpi pad aa by

Di ha CIA wld abid by h pii

ad h l law, h wihi h Agy

lahd a pgam bi ad dlay. CIA

h iv h dii “lvay” i pla

h gida pvidd by h IWG, whih had

b h apd by CIA a wll a all h

h gvm agi vd by h A. CIA

h “mpam” m l ad h impd

a lg ad vld p viwig h l

i p id p by h IWG’ pbli

mmb. Dpi pal aa m h DCI

h IWG pbli mmb, h Agy pad, pa-

id, ad hwad h gal pig all CIA wa

im lad d.Sigia im ad wa xpdd (qi-

ig xi h A by Cg) whil gia-

i daggd . Fially, h impa wa bk

wh h pbli mmb ivid h igial -

gial p h A, S. Mik DWi ad

Rp. Caly Maly, ad a mig wih CIA

paiv, a whih DWi ad Maly ld

ha had h CIA’ aial wihhldig h

dipd d. S. DWi ad Rp. Maly -

jd CIA’ ipai i bligai d h A ad ggd ha h CIA paiv vy

hi viw dily DCI P G. Wihi 48

h, CIA imd h IWG ha i wld dp i

ipai ad mply lly wih h l ad

pii h A. Ta, d h vy abl w-

adhip id CIA ial Sa Mwiz, CIA

bam a “mdl iiz” h IWG, wkig p-

aivly wih mak i lva d availabl.

agially, Sa Mwiz did ddly i 2006, a

ibl iiial ad pal l all whhad m kw him.

T 2005 xi h Nazi Wa Cim

Dil A ad h bq d Di

G qiig mplia ld h CIA’ dlivy

baial w maial ad m mpl l

may bj i pvily idid. N

igl l i l w d wh CIA di-

d h a la pliy gadig h

m Nazi wa imial ( pd wa imi-

al) a ag . Iad, h IWG hiia

amlad vid m pi l idividal

ivigad d by CIA y di a pa

p whih bad li migh b daw.

F xampl, i Nvmb 1960 a CIA ial

w: “W hav g lig agai h

a vid Nazi day, pvidd h ha mhig

agibl ad i kp d l l ad

dii. T qi mai—wha ha h

?” La, i h am dm, hadqa

add, “Rgadig y q i paagaph v a

gal mm h p l m

Gma illig pl w i Spai, bh

h Gma dk ad hi dk ag ha ah am b viwd i idividal mi ad ha

blak Hadqa mm i pibl.” T

mm appa i a l a ma amd Egi

Eddy, whih wa dlaid i Spmb 2006,

b hy w ildd i a ali vi h

Eddy l ha wa dlaid i 2001.

CIA al lad ad dlaid l addi-

ial bj pial i pplid by h

IWG hiia. F xampl, a igia w l

Haj Ami al-Hii, h Gad Mi Ja-lm, pvidd dail hi ivlvm i h pla-

ig waim pai did agai Pali

ad Iaq, ildig paahig Gma ad Aab

ag m aak agai h Jw i Pali.

Haj Ami al-Hii al playd a impa l

i aiig Mlim p h Wa-SS i h Bal-

ka.

Adig liabl imai ivd by h

Sagi Svi Ui, a pd h CIA, h

Fh gvm igially plad pHaj Ami al-Hii a h d h wa, b h

Biih bjd—ad v had m

Aab piig agai h Fh i hi Nh Ai-

a li i h Fh w ahad wih hi pla.

A a l, h Fh ly lad Haj Ami

al-Hii i Pai, b l him fy Syia, wh,

iially, h bga a pblm h




Biih i Pali, whil laimig ha h Jw had

gd all vid hi llabai wih Nazi G-

may. CIA lly llwd Haj Ami al-Hii’

aivii, b hd ay laihip wih him.

Hi l, whih al ai a walh imai

ab Aab plii p 1963 ad m vid

hi phip im, wa dlaid i D-

mb 2006.

I I w idiy a aa diappim,

albi i h x a vall impiv ad -

l , i i ha h idividal agi—wih

xpi—did wk llabaivly

ha all agi pdd h m xpaiv pd-

i d pibl. I h a hi gal

“vpipig” by ah agy, limiig i

i w i, ly DOJ paiv Eli R-bam ad D. Elizabh Whi h O Sp-

ial Ivigai (OSI) ibd hi impiv

kwldg h bj wad h lliv IWG

. I bliv h IWG ld hav d a b,

m i jb had h h agi llwd h

xampl OSI, allwig ha h ygi

a paiv -agy .

A wih may pj wih whih I hav b

aiad v h ya, h qalii ad apabilii

h idividal ivlvd hav pvd b vy bi a impa a h law ad glai d

whih hy pa. T IWG had h advaag

havig a xadiay ad ddiad a a NARA

wh wkd illy ad wih ga pialim

vm bal ad viw ad la h

dm i a -idly ma, mpl wih

dig gid. I ha b my pivilg wk wih

Mihal Kz, Sv Hamil, Bill Cli, Dik

My, David va al, ad wih h ly ap-

pid Ahivi h Uid Sa, All Wi-i, wh pvidd impa ladhip ad m-

mim mpli h pj. I i

wh paig ha id hiia la

pvidd ivalabl aia. Ti ibi,

alg wih ha a diigihd bad hiia

ld by Ghad Wibg, pvidd ial gid-

a, x ad idpd dibiliy -

. O haima, Mik Kz, g a

ga a; Sv Gakl, aid by Lay ayl,

id wadhip h IWG, ad All Wi-

i k v h i lad a g ih.

Ki Rh pmd admiably i pig h p

gh.

I am a pial hiia, did I p-

ay paila xpi i Hla di wh

Pid Cli appid m a h IWG

pbli mmb i 1998. My ibi hi -

wa i ailiaig h p: idiyig i,

mdiaig dip, viwig maial, ad ilizig

h xpi id hiia ad mmi-

d NARA pl ag h m b

ah ad dlaiai lva dm.

I ld hav had w m ddiad, iighl,ad idaigabl llag ha Elizabh Hlzma

ad Tma Ba. Liz ad m gav paigly

hi im, pig i l p b h. T

lima h IWG i dily aibabl

h h w adig pbli va.

T i a mh y i gvm. S-

y a a h hadmaid mplay,

aga, ad imp. I i a ay

h laiai p kp h imai fw

gvm m pbli viw. T i q-i ha dm aiig lgiima aial

iy maial m b pd. B a -

dm a laid avid mbaam,

, m ill, imply ba i i ay d

wih aabiliy. I a dmai iy,

p hld b h l; h igh kw hld

mp h impl wihhld, xp i ly ji-

abl ima.

I h d, h wa ally gd a why

h dm—fig imai ab gvm’ ai, iai, dig h m

hi pid h la y ad i amah—

w kp lg. A h la Dail Paik

Myaha, vd hampi p i gv-

m, bvd, “. . . Sy i h pliial alm i

alway ambig. Sm hig hld v b mad

. Sm hig hld b mad , b h



Perspectives

lad a a h immdia d ha pad.

Sm hig hld b mad ad mai ha

way. T pblm i ha gaizai wihi a l-

y will p laiyig a mh a p-

ibl, ad a lg a pibl.”

Hplly, h wk h IWG will ad a a

mil h ad ga p i gv-

m—a bl ad ahivabl aim ga d-

may, i pliial lad dma h lad-

hip ad will mak i .



IWG Public Member

A a mmb h Iagy Wkig Gp, I

am plad ji i h p Cg ab

wk i vig h dlaiai h U.S.

Gvm’ l Nazi ad Japa wa

imial.I hik w a aly ay ha all gvm

agi limaly mplid wih h law, ad m

ha 8.5 milli pag, mly lad illig

aivii, w dlaid. T IWG did i jb a

mplly a pibl, giv h ai U.S.

Gvm lig ym.

O bigg bal wa h ab a magi

b ha ld b phd la all lva

dm. Ba m dm a ld d

a idividal’ am, wih h am, h d-m a b d, a a gal ma. T IWG

did hav h am all h wa imial, pa-

ilaly h Nazi llaba wh livd i Ea

Ep ad pa h m Svi Ui, h a

Ukai ad h Bali i. S, v hgh

w mplyd vai ah agi bai h

dm, h a dbdly hg gap i

wk. (W did pvid h agi wih a 60,000

am li mpild by h O Spial Iviga-

i i h Ji Dpam. Ta li wa ppl-md by h am vd i h

wk.)

Ta i why ly blk dlaiai a a

ha all dm dalig wih Nazi ad Japa wa

imial i U.S. Gvm l a mad pbli.

Bad h dm w aw, h i a

ha ll dlaiai dm m Wld

Elizabeth Holtzman

Wa II ad h immdia pwa ya (ay hgh

1965) a ak pla. O h 8.5 milli pag

dlaid, vially (xp a pl pag

a mh m viag) hld hav maid

laid a lg a hy w.

N ly hld all h dm m ha p-

id b dlaid, b h d b a g-

ig pidi dlaiai illig dmi h . I g wih ayig, , ha

dm dalig wih wap ma di,

pi, ad h lik hld b dild.

What We LearnedT dm dlaid by h IWG mak w

lag pi. Fi hy hw h U.S. Gvm

“It is not clear that Nazis

provided us with any useul

intelligence, and we know that

in some cases at least they were

a serious detriment to us. Given

the intelligence ailures o the

Iraq war, it might be important

or U.S. policymakers to

understand that using very bad

people or intelligence activities

does not automatically get us

very good results and, instead,

may get us very bad results.”



Perspectives 1

kw ali ha wa hgh ab h h big

ifid Epa Jwy. Ti kwldg m

hav pmpd p h pa gv-

m. I ah xampl idi, w d

ha h Uid Sa ad Ga Biai lad ha

h Nazi w ab d p h Jw Rm

wihi a ma day ad xmia hm. W

ld d hig hw ha ay wa mad

pv h pdig agdy.

Sd, h dm ll h y, h -

li whih hav b kw m im, ab

h U.S. Gvm’ llabai wih ad p-

i Nazi wa imial a Wld Wa II.

O xampl vd i pj ivlvd

m p Nazi, Ha Glbk, wh bam aial

iy advi Chall Kad Ada W Gmay. Glbk, h ah aial lai-

ai law d agai Jw, wa gig b likd

Adl Eihma, h ahi h Fi-

al Sli, i a Li magazi y b pblihd

ad h im Eihma’ ial. id ha

h likag ld a ga iy Glbk ad

hi Nazi pa, h W Gma gvm akd

CIA Di All Dll qlh h

Glbk i h y. Dll bligd ad h mi

Glbk wa dld m h Eihma y.Mv, wh Eihma wa ill app-

hdd, h CIA bam awa a alia Eih-

ma— h aal alia b a am vy l i.

Nhl, h CIA did h imai

Eihma bgh ji, ih hgh -

ihig i h Iali hwi.

W w kw a a l h dlaiai

ha h Nazi wa imial wa haml, i h

ha mal way, h Uid Sa. F xampl,

h Svi, i , w agig ad hpig “” Nazi wa imial big hid i dv by

py wk i W Gmay hadd by m

Hil gal Rihad Ghl. T Ria d-

d h vlabiliy blakmail Nazi md

wh had bld hi had. B Amia appa

hav dd h ik, did hy appa

a ab h mal i. T CIA lad ab

h Svi’ agig ly a divig ha

a p py i W Gma wk, a m SS

, Ha Fl, wa a Svi dbl ag. T

w w i ay U.S. NAO h wihhld

m h Svi.

I i al likly ha Nazi ad ah pb-

lm . Si hy w big hid by h Uid

Sa im h Svi ha, hi jb ad

hi liv may wll hav dpdd ig ha

h Uid Sa blivd h ha wa al ad i-

. T Nazi may hav had a agda: mphaiz,

i xagga, h Svi ha. I hp hla will

xpl h dm ally dmi whh

ad h x whih U.S. Nazi wa imial

aid ig pliy a Wld Wa II.

Lessons or TodayI i la ha Nazi pvidd wih ay l

illig, ad w kw ha i m a a la

hy w a i dim . Giv h il-

lig ail h Iaq wa, i migh b impa

U.S. pliymak dad ha ig vy

bad ppl illig aivii d a-

maially g vy gd l ad, iad, may

g vy bad l. Uig maliy a a yadik

i aily aïv, b may b h ma way appah illig-gahig aivii.

Reasons or IWG’s SuccessCongressional Leadership

Wih h xadiay ladhip Sa Mik

DWi (R-Ohi) ad Rpaiv Caly Mal-

y (D-NY), wh w paag h lgilai, hi

dlaiai wld v hav b d-

ak. Sa Fii al i pibl addig

h dil a h xplii Japa wa imial, a xmly impa ibi.

Ti wa a bi-paia, phap m aaly, a

-paia .

T Cgial a al dv m

di, ildig i paila P Lvia, B Ch-

va, ad Oly Iaa. Li Dpa, m aid

Sa DWi, i h g h hi pj,




havig gidd h igial a paag ad -

ig h b hi wi l hgh.

M impa, h p h lgilai

k a aiv i i pg. Wih hi

gig pp, h p migh hav all fa, a

will b xplaid la i h i h CIA.

Hiring Historians

T pbli mmb h IWG mad a aly

dii mply mi hiia wh ld

aalyz h dm big dlaid ad p

Cg ad h Amia ppl wha wa

w ad igia ab hm. O l hi

impa wk wa h bk U.S. Intelligence and

the Nazis , whih aalyzd 250,000 h 8.5 milli

pag dlaid.T hiia al playd a impa l i

daig agi h lva ai d-

m ad h haml ppd dai.

Ti l a b vad. Tak g

P Rihad Bima, Nma Gda, ad

imhy Naali, all diigihd aadmi, ad

Rb Wl, a id gvm ahivi wih b-

aial xpi i h aa.

W al md a hiial adviy il,

haid by h d hiia Ghad Wibg, whih al gav ivalabl gida hgh.

W appia h aia h mmb h

adviy il galy.

Public Members

T dlaiai pj wkd a wll a i did

ba Cg addd h -gvmal

mmb h Iagy Wkig Gp, whih

wa mpid h had ky dal agi

ildig h Dpam D ad hDpam Sa. I wa al my w pbli

mmb llag, Tma Ba ad Rihad B-

Vi, hi xadiay ddiai, hi

al ap baai mpizig, ad hi

illig ad gd agi i wiig

agy mplia. I wa a h ad a pivilg

v wih hm.

I paila I wa hak Tma Ba

wkig wih m ig h CIA’ wi ag-

m mply wih h dil a. Ta ag-

m wa iial .

Agency Compliance—and NoncomplianceIiially, h Dpam D ad h FBI

balkd a h ak, b limaly—a mh

pai, ildig a mig wih FBI Di-

Li Fh ad l h Say D-

—agd mply. Di Fh, i pai-

la, d h ll hlp hi agy, v gig

a a k h aid id ag wih l-

va imai.

T Sa Dpam adpd a iq appah

xamiig i l, ha a pad xplaa-i ad ig w ly gdgig apa m

hiia ad h hiial adviy pal.

T CIA wa h ly agy ha adaly -

d dlaiy ai dm, aig i vila-

i h a. A h , h Agy wa -

paiv ad Di Gg ad hi

pal pp val ai. Nhl,

hly b 9/11 h CIA hid ga. I advid

ha whil i wld dil a agy laihip

wih ppl ah li, i wld dil wha hy had d h CIA l w ld pv

h p had aally gagd i pi. B-

ig a “m mmb h SS,” i h CIA’ pha,

wa i qi dlaiai d

h law, v hgh h SS wa dlad a imial

gaizai a Nmbg. T CIA’ pii wa

ally apabl—ad h h pbli mmb

mplly agd hi. I pii did m

ha adpd by all h h agi ad m h

pii i iiially k.T CIA’ hiliy ahd a bilig pi, ad i

didd “mpamaliz” may Nazi wa im

l, maig ha addiial hdl w plad i

h way ig agy dm, v hgh all

h pbli mmb ad a mb hiia

had ll iy laa. T mpamalizai

wa la mvd.



Perspectives

Cg gad a -ya xi

i w ld wk di wih h CIA.

W ld . J b h xi xpid,

Sa DWi alld a mig wih h pbli

mmb h IWG ad paiv h CIA.

Rpaiv Maly wa p, a wa h a

Sa Fii. T CIA wa akd jiy i

pii, b wh i pid a ai ap

h a, Sa DWi advid h CIA ha h

had wi h a ad i ipai wa faly

wg. H aid h wld hld pbli haig h

ma. T Nw Yk im w a ail ab

h CIA’ pii.

T CIA bakd dw. I i w i ll mpli-

a wih h law ad i givig all h maial w

bliv i lva d h a. F hi, hak g Di P G. agially, Sa Mwiz, a

m CIA mply wh wa aid by h CIA

v i w pliy mplia, did b h

ak wa ihd, b aly b h ld

hw mh pg had b mad. Maj kd,

, g May Walh, wh ha wkd idaigably

ad paiakigly gig dm h IWG

m h ipi pj.

Plaily, v h m alia agy will d

h igh hig i Cg ha h will mak i d ad h p i availabl xp h pblm.

Ualy, h im wad by h CIA i

ghig dil ha hampd wk h x-

ha w may b abl pvid h pbli

wih h kid aalyi h wly lad ha

w hav wih h dm i h pa. Sill, w

will y mak a mh h maial h

pbli a w a b w g bi.

The National ArchivesT aia giv pj by h Ahiv ha

b m ad impa. Ti pj ld

hav b amplihd wih hi aia ad

hi xpi. Tak g Mihal Kz ad hi

Sv Gakl, NARA paiv wh

haid h IWG. Tak g a wll Ala Wi-

i hi whlhad pp h pj.

ConclusionMy ivlvm i i Nazi wa imial ha a

lg hiy. I 1974, a a w mmb Cg,

I vd h p Nazi wa imial i h

Uid Sa, hak a whilblw, ad bga

h lg p ig gvm big

hm ji. I i ly a ablihig a pp

admiiaiv ad lgal —aig a pial

Nazi hig i, h O Spial Ivigai

i h Ji Dpam, ad ghig h law

ahizig h dpai Nazi wa imial ad

baig hm m h—ha I ld di-

vd why Nazi w i h Uid Sa ad wha

hi laihip wa gvm. By ha im,

1981, hwv, I had giv p my a i Cg.

T ak maid d wy-v yaawad—v hgh I id, lly, i

h aly 1990 g h CIA dlaiy i Nazi

wa im l. I aally pmid d i a

l m, b h gd.

Fidig h h ab gvm’

dalig wih Nazi wa imial i j a my

hiial xi. Uig ma md ly a

a im Amia pliy ai i ad

blig i. M ha 50,000 Amia gav

hi liv ad m ha 100,000 Amia w wdd i h da Hil ad hi Japa-

alli. Emplyig Hil’ hhm ad p-

ig hm m aabiliy mad a mky

p’ ai. T Nazi ad hi llaba

laghd ix milli Jw ad milli -Jw.

Amia’ h kill dad h ig

ad dah hi viim. O gvm’ hidig

i Nazi md m h Amia ppl

ad Cg dgadd ad dmid Amia

dmay. Ad, by adpig h piipl ha hd ji h ma, gvm bayd i

dp val.

T wk dlaiai, dig ad ll-

ig h h, v h may ya la, bgi i a

mall way pai h damag gvm’

idi h im h Nazi.

I i al a ib dmay ha h l




a b lad ad pbli dba a b had wha

i my pii, a la, wa h did ad immal

Nazi wa imial—ma md am-

pli i ma md—by h U.S. Gvm.

I hp ha h wk h IWG will -

ag all h gvm wih dm laig

Nazi ad Japa wa imial, ildig i pai-

la Ga Biai, Fa, ad Ria, p hi

l hi pid, a wll.



T li h IWG’ igh-ya l-

a, dlaiy, ad dil, a lg la, laid -

d i U.S. gvm pi laig Axi

imial big a d h lag ah-dla-

iy-ad-dil pj i wld hiy.Fm h a, paiipaig i hi lg vd

md h a h Ji Dpam’

O Spial Ivigai (OSI) b a aal

llw- h wk ha OSI ha b dig

m ha 25 ya j jidial ji

bhal h viim m Axi im, b

hiial ji a wll. I addii laig, i-

vigaig, ad akig lgal ai agai Nazi ad

h Axi imial, OSI had pdd ad d

h pbli la ladmak di ha mdh pwa mplym by U.S. illig agi

Kla Babi ad h m Nazi; ad h a

h iam Ahwiz l ad xpim

D. J Mgl; pvd ha gld ak m H-

la viim wa add by h Tid Rih h

Swi Naial Bak dig h wa ad wa plad

a h wa i h -alld “Gld Pl” by h U.S.

gvm; ad ablihd ha Nazi-ld awk

mad i way h lli h vabl Na-

ial Gally A, i Wahig. Cqly,alhgh OSI i a mall (mplyig a a 24

a p, wih a aal bdg l ha $6 mil-

li) ad alhgh OSI i h ly U.S. gvm

mp wh d w pially excluded

m la by h m h Dil A, OSI

dvd maj (v 10,000 p-h

ad m $1.5 milli) hlpig h -

Eli M. Rosenbaum

DOJ Ofce o Special Investigations

l implmai h w a’ pvi-

i.

Ev b h mplia mally bga

i 1999, OSI p i w dad xpi i i-

vigaig ad pig Nazi p

h b h gvm’ --b-lahd

idiy laid d i i pi

paiig Axi im. I la 1998, hly ah Dil A bam law, I pd a d-

aild OSI-ppad da implmai pla a h

mig hld, a h Whi H, di hw

h daig mii aigd h gvm by

h lgilai migh b aid . A h IWG

wa mally id h x ya, h impl-

mai pla ha i limaly adpd aid

“The documents ound

and released include many

important, and sometimes

disturbing, materials. As the

present report indicates,

while these materials do not

compel any dramatic revision

o mainstream scholarship on

the war and its atermath, they

do enhance our understanding

o those events and add some

hitherto unreported events to

the chronology.”




may h ky agi ha had b ppd i

ha aly OSI da. M ably, h Ji D-

pam ppal—mad iiially i dii

Capil Hill v b h lgilai wa ad

—ha idpd hiia b gagd vala

ad pblily appai h vlmi maial ha

wld dbdly b d ivd g pp

m h pbli mmb ad h-Chai Mihal

Kz, ad i wa vally adpd by h IWG.

Amg h igia hallg ha OSI p-

did h gvm wld a wa ha may

h d m likly ild lva imai

a aid i l ha a aabl ly by h

am h idivdal wh a h bj h

l, ah ha by ah bad kywd (h

a “Nazi”). OSI h vld dvlp a li idividal wh m h ay dii

“Nazi wa imial” – a li ha dal agi ld

i ahig ad idiyig lva d.

OSI’ ppal wa apd by h IWG a i

mig. I aig h li, OSI ad a immdia

pblm: a igia pag h ppa

Nazi ad h Axi im a kw ad will

v b kw. I addii, h di ild a

may pd Nazi wa imial a pibl had

b balad agai idai ai; whilh va majiy p wh mid ili

h a li wld v hav b vid by a

law (a pi w md a h wa

agai ly a miiy h ppa), h -

la hi l d h A wld lgially bad

hm pblily a pd Nazi wa imial. A

h am im, h li had b pdd qikly,

ha dal agi ld mply i wihi h h

im-am mplia pvidd i h igial

a. By gagig h vi a a addvig hdd h wk by OSI’ mall

a hiia, w w abl, wihi ly a w

mh, dliv h IWG a daaba aiig

h am 59,742 pd Axi imial. Ti

“60,000-am li,” a i wld m b alld, b-

am h piipal l mplyd by ky dal ag-

i i hi mplia , ad i ld i

h divy, dlaiai ad—llwig Pivay

A viw by Naial Ahiv pl—la

a m am dmai.

OSI pl dvd may had h

aiig h IWG i a vaiy h way a wll,

ildig: ibig h kywd li d

idiy lva d; idiyig h Dpa-

m Hmlad Siy laid immigai

d i i pi paiig pd Nazi

imial; pplyig vid imialiy h

pa idividal SS i d pad a

U.S. illig agy la d paiig

h p; ad pvidig hiial/iviga-

iv aia IWG hiia a hy dd

hi ah. OSI al diad h mplia

h Ji Dpam’ , bad addivii. A OSI i hiia p had

h viwig ad akig daild

had pag d hlp xpdi h

mplia .

I am dply gal hav b add h

ppiy by h Ay Gal v a h

paiv h Ji Dpam’ divii,

bad, ad . I am abidigly idbd OSI

Dpy Di ad Chi Hiia D. Elizabh B.

Whi ad OSI Si Hiia D. Sv B. Rg- h adig wk hy pmd i -

d ailia ad xpdi dil impa

dm. Ti ddiai hlpd mak i pibl

OSI play a ky l i h igh-ya mpli-

a whil imlaly wiig a

agai aly hiy Nazi imial. I am gal a

wll h Cimial Divii’ giy i appv-

ig my ppal a vlay allai m

ha $400,000 i Dpam Ji d p-

p h paial d h IWG. Oh hah (mh lag) ibi d mad by h

Naial Ahiv, h w h ly mi -

ibd h pai h IWG by ay agy

h U.S. gvm.

I h pi h Dil A’ gal,

h Ji Dpam vld a h a

h pj , i , waiv ay bji h



Perspectives 7

la m dm ha w vd by h

ay xli OSI-lad d. W hpd

ha by vlig h waiv, h Dpam

ld hlp ha impa agi di-

l w blkd ba h Cg’

dadabl ii ha OSI’ iaigly

im-iiv law m b giv pi-

iy v a hiy pj, v impa a

hi. Wh h diiay waiv w iiially

vld, hwv, I mphaizd ha hy ld

b giv ly i a md mb a, a OSI’

mall a ld aily b vwhlmd i m ha a

limid mb waiv adida wa pd. I

ad h ha OSI pl wld b abl viw

phap 15 20 ky l pibl waiv, pm-

ably alig m hdd pag. I wa vimagid ha w wld d p pvidig waiv

m ha twenty-fve thousand pages Nazi-lad

dm, piipally d i FBI, CIA, D

Dpam, Sa Dpam, ad NSA l. I h

d, h Ji Dpam waivd bji -

la h va majiy dm dmid

b vd by h ay xli OSI-lad

d, wih h l ha j w hddh

p h dm d ad pd i

h IWG will hav b xldd m laba ha pvii dal law. I did-

ig whih aily xldd dm hld b

idd waiv, h Ji Dpam gav

p piiy dm vidig laihip

bw pd Nazi p ad agi

h U.S., Svi ad h gvm. W al gav

piiy dm ha h idpd hiia

gagd by h IWG akd id waiv

i ligh hi pibl hiial igia. I a

mb ia, mv, w k h iiiaiv pvid waiv, v wih ay q h

havig b mad

I wld b mi i dihagig my pibili-

i i I did add h vy diappiig ma-

i whih m mdia pd h dm

d ad lad by h IWG. Ti wa pailaly

i h a w h m i all

Nazi imial—Hiih Mll, waim hi

h Gap, ad Adl Eihma, h SS ial i

hag gaizig h dpai ad ma md

Ep’ Jw. Mll diappad a h wa ad

hi a ha v b livly dmid. Eih-

ma wa apphdd i Agia i 1960 by Ia-

li ag, wh k him Ial, wh h wa id,

vid, ad xd. T CIA’ d Mll

w lad by h IWG i 2001, alg wih a p

by mi idpd hiia ldig

ha (1) h dm dipv pii vid by

m ha Mll wa mplyd by U.S. illig

a h wa, (2) a idividal hld i a U.S. i-

m amp i Gmay i 1945 by h am Hi-

ih Mll wa a di p wh pd h

am (mm) am a h Gap hi, ad (3) iall liklihd, Mll did a Gmay ll Allid

i May 1945. Hwv, h Hiy Chal

i bada (ad ll vidap ) a lm

i mmiid alld “Eap m Hil’ Bk,”

h aai whih a ha “ dm

lad i 2001 by h Naial Ahiv” i Wah-

ig “ally lv h myy” Mll’ diap-

paa. T dm, h aa i,

val ha h wa hld by h U.S. i a im

amp i Gmay i 1945 ad ha h wa ha“mplyd by Amia illig a a dv

ag dig h Cld Wa” “mba h Svi

i a Ep.” Similaly i, b pd

la ya by maj mdia hgh h wld, i h

laim ha h CIA wa ppd big

Eihma ji ad kw, b wihhld m

Iali ahii, a ha wld hav abld h

Iali la Eihma mh ali ha hy

did. I a, h CIA dm lad by h IWG

val ha h Cal Illig Agy ampd, wih , la him i h 1950 ha

h ld b bgh ial ad ha, a hi 1960

ap by Iali ag, h CIA mad xadiay,

impa, ad pvily dild ai

h Iali i gahig vid i .

T widm h ay qim ha

pbli mmb v h IWG wa mai




hgh h implmai , pially

h m ai whih m agi -

d la vai dm ha w vd

by h a. T h agi pd h

IWG dlid paiipa i h iiiaiv ha

w lahd by h IWG vm h ba-

l dil, ad i h d, h IWG hai, h

h pbli mmb, ad h Ji Dpam

paiv w h ly IWG mmb wh w

willig paiipa i h ad . Oh

agy paiv w, phap piigly,

la ak pii ha w a dd wih h

ad by agi wih whih hy glaly dal

a bad aay i. (Similaly, h IWG haim,

h h pbli mmb, ad h Ji Dpa-

m paiv, jid i h ldig pid h implmai by h CIA pa-

iv, w h ly mmb willig v h

IWG’ xiv mmi.) I ay v, wih

h idaigabl h pbli mmb—wh

labd d h ihibiig dii— p-

dil dm ha agi gh

wihhld, lag am impa dmai

wld dbdly hav maid dild.

Wih h mpli h implmai -

, h m impa qi i, , hi: W all h laid Axi-lad dm

i dal pi aally d ad lad? Ti

qi m b awd i h gaiv, ad

mly ba agi wihhld a mall pag

dm m la aial iy, ay

xli, ad h a. A a piipal mbaa

i h lag ad dadli miliay fi i hma

hiy ad a a maj pwa iviga ad p-

wa imial i pwa Ep ad Japa,

h U.S. gvm ad, apd, ad hwi

aqid va qaii WWII-lad dm.

T w hld by m miliay ad ivilia

mp h gvm a l lai

i h Uid Sa ad abad, ad qly hy

w ahivd i a ma ha wld ailia

hi ival, dad la, h bai a pibl

x Axi im ad imial. T, laig

“all” h dm wa a vial impibiliy. I

d, hwv, bliv ha h vwhlmig blk

h dm vd by h w dil a ha,

i a, b lad ad viwd by h IWG

la ad ha wha ha b d ad lad i

badly fiv ad paiv h

h ll p maial. Alhgh h IWG’ al

p ad mmdai, ppad by IWG a

a h dii h gp’ Chai, w bmi-d a v h IWG’ mmb, h p aily

mmaiz h mplx mplia ha wa

dvid ad implmd by h iagy gp.

T dm d ad lad v h pa

igh ya ild may impa, ad mim

dibig, maial. A h p p idia,

whil h maial d mpl ay damai -

vii maiam hlahip h wa ad i a-

mah, hy d ha dadig h

v ad add m hih pd v h hlgy. Alhgh maial ad ha

idid ia ha w pvily kw

OSI pd Nazi Japa wa imial hav-

ig immigad h Uid Sa, i i b hpd

ha hi l f h hgh h

ha hav b mad dig m ha w dad

OSI pai idiy ad iviga h p-

ad ha i al pak wll h pai

ha OSI ha ivd v h ya m h U.S.

gvm agi.



T Cal Illig Agy’ (CIA’) la i-

mai i hi impa dav—h Nazi Wa

Cim Dil A (NWCDA) ad h Japa

Impial Gvm Dil A (JIGDA)—i

pdd.

Volume Declassied and Released: CIA ha

lad appximaly 114,200 pag CIA d-m ad 1.2 milli pag OSS imai.

T CIA dm a h l ah lad

NWCDA ad JIGDA. T OSS dm had

pvily b ad h Naial Ahiv

ad w viwd h dlaiai by a CIA

am.

Resources: CIA’ ah, viw, ad dlaia-

i wa amplihd by h paiipai

m 100 ad m CIA mply ad -

a (ab 35 p ya) dig 1999-2007.CIA ak vy ily i p NWCDA

ad JIGDA ad, h, i pibiliy dlaiy

ad la all dm vd by h Dil

A h ll x pibl.

F m 30 ya, CIA ha b gglig wih

h lm pblm hw bala h pbli’

i i h hiial d CIA’ i

Nazi, ad a illig Agy’ d, hi-

al ad iliaia a, p h idii

. T paag im ha hid h bala,a im qly d.

Pi Jaay 2005, CIA dlaid ad -

lad appximaly 50,000 pag i m ha 800

l i i wih h Dil A. T

dm i h dlaid l aid igi-

a dai bad h A’ ad mhd

xmpi. A h IWG xpd i

CIA

Cg ab CIA’ hi xmpi, Sa-

DWi, Cgwma Maly, ad IWGpaiv m wih i Agy pl i

aly Fbay 2005. A a l, h Di CIA

didd ha all hi ld maial hld b dlai-

d ad lad ad ha ay h A’

ad mhd xmpi wld b xmly a.

I Fb. 2005, CIA agd :

R-viw maial ha had b lad/-

dad.

Dlaiy imai all Nazi.Dlaiy paial l aiad wih

h Nazi.

Udak addiial ah ha h IWG

hiia h Agy hgh ay.

CIA ha llwd hgh h agm

ad ha mpld all h wk i agd d.

•

••

•

“For some 0 years, CIA has been

struggling with the nettlesome

problem o how to balance the

public’s interest in the historical

record o CIA’s connections

to Nazis, and an intelligence

Agency’s need, or ethical and

utilitarian reasons, to protect

the identities o sources. The

passage o time has shited the

balance, as time requently does.”




Si Fbay 2005, CIA ha dlaid ad

lad NARA appximaly 114,200 pag i

1,087 l, whih ild 5,000 pag Japa

maial, ad i :

Nw l: 45,000 pag i 276 l.

R-Rviwd l: 69,200 pag i 811 l,

ildig 47,400 pag lad wih miimal

dai, ad 21,800 pag pvily wih-

hld ad w lad.

Mh hi maial i w. I dal wih p-

vily lad l w -viwd h idi-

vidal a Hiz Fl, Ha Glbk, Mykla Lbd,

ad T Savk. I ild paial l

Pla IVY, whih wa h OSS pla pv G-ma abag i h Ialy, ad h KIBIZ ad

SAURN aybhid pgam.

CIA ha ahd l 1,000 w am i

h la w ya, ab hal idid by CIA il.

T Agy ha al pdd a lxi/ah aid

ai hla.

A h li h Dil A 31

Mah 2007, CIA ha mpld i wk lad

h A: 114,200 pag i 1087 l.

•

•

All 811 l lad pi Jaay 2005 hav

b -viwd ad dlaid ad -lad wih

w dai. All h pag i h l a

lad, xp 265 pag ha hav b wihhld

i ll. T IWG wih CIA wihhldig hi

imai.

w hdd vy ix (276) w l ( -

lad pi Jaay 2005) hav b dlaid

ad lad wih miimal dai ad d-

m wihhld i ll. T l i :

75 l (m h ah 500 am b-

mid by h IWG hiia).

151 am/paliy l (idid by CIA).

50 paial pj l (idid by CIA).

Te documents in these declassifed fles have mini-

mal redactions and, as noted above, only 265 pages in all

o these fles have been withheld in ull. CIA has with-

held nothing o substance.

CIA hp ha h dm lad by hi

Agy d h Dil A will v ill-

mia, a la a mall dg, h hiial d

a m hi pid i wld hiy.

•

•

•



A h i wk i aly 1999, i wld hav

b had m bv imagi hw -

l ad pdiv h IWG limaly wld b. A

hig d , a mh had wk ad di-

ai, h IWG ally llld i mii id-iy ad dlaiy a kw b bvily ma-

iv qaiy iially impa ad h

lad gvm d Nazi ad Japa

wa imial. T IWG ily xpadd i

p ad phd wad wih a la vii wha

i ld amplih. Dig i m ha v ya

xi, h IWG mad a m ib-

i, d iv aiviy, ad ab-

lihd impa pd gvm

dlaiai .I wa plad v a a mmb h IWG

mh i v-ya . Dig hi im,

h ladhip h Dpam Sa lly p-

pd h IWG’ wk ad i a k i vy i-

ly. All mp, m h h

m i Dpam ial h mall b-

a va p, w akd ib h

ah dm, ad all pdd ally ad

lly, i pi h hig bd h

pibilii. T O h Hiia wkdlly wih h d maagm ad dlai-

ai ahii h Dpam. W pvidd

hiial bakgd ad x, hlpd idiy

xp (ildig ad id Fig Svi

O), ad ld xivly wih mba-

i ad h va p ad mii.

I ad my a wkd lly wih IWG mmb

Marc J. Susser

The Historian, US Department o State

ad a qi pliy ad appah, ad h

dvlpm ad m gida h ag-

i. I applad h ladhip, gy, ad aiviy

ha IWG Chai Mihal Kz, Sv Gakl,

ad All Wii pvidd, a wll a h ad-

ig wk hi a. Ty d a am ad a pii pai amg paiv

may agi ad a wkig gh a im-

pa mm d.

T O h Hiia had m ali x-

pi lad i, ildig h d h

Uid Nai Wa Cim Cmmii (UNWCC)

ad h qi Hla Ea A (Nazi Gld).

W ppad w maj hiial di h-U-

d Say Cmm Sa E. Eiza, wh

al vd a Spial Evy h Dpam Sa Ppy Rii i Cal ad Ea

Ep. T p dibd v ad

gld ha h Nazi had ak m h al

bak pid Ep, a wll a gld ad h

a l m idividal.

I pidially pd h pg h

IWG’ wk h Dpam Sa’ Adviy

“The process underscored

the importance o achieving

a balance among legitimate

national security issues,

legitimate privacy interests o

individuals, and the people’s

desire to know the truth about

the atrocities committed by Nazi

and Japanese war criminals.”




Cmmi Hiial Diplmai Dma-

i, a gp diigihd hla m id

h U.S. Gvm ha m im a ya

viw pg ad mak mmdai -

ig h Dpam’ ial hiial i, Fig

Rlai h Uid Sa. Ti i bga i

1861 ad w mpi v 400 idividal vl-

m. M vlm ai dlaid d-

m h Whi H ad all h ig aai

agi. Dpam Sa d maagm

ad dlaiai ial ji m i h qa-

ly mig h Adviy Cmmi. Whil h

wk h IWG wa dily a pa Advi-

y Cmmi’ mada, mmb w id,

gly ppd h , ad gizd ha i

wa a l mdl ad pd ad - dlaiai i h aa.

I h viw Dpam

Sa d, a iig qi a -

ig baivly igia “laid” dm

ha may hav b bid i pvily viwd

lad l ad makd wih ay lai-

ai. Shld h dm b ildd amg

h al gp dlaid ad lad d? I

agd ha hy hld b ildd—hy w, a

all, bid hidd wihi pdmialy laidl, ad h IWG wld b pmig a l -

vi by pdig hm. T A, , qi

lially vd ly laid dm, -

laid , pmably h hy ha lai-

d dm w h m impa. I h d,

igia laid d w ildd d

i h al pdi d.

I p, h lgilai ad h IWG p-

w igia i may way. T IWG p-

fd a wd gii by h FdalGvm h impa hiy, ad h

impa payig ai vial d lg

vd dlaiai ad la. T lgila-

i pvd b highly iv. T IWG pvidd

a paial ad l mhaim h ll, h,

ad iv dii i laig d-

m ah, dlaiai, ad baiv hii-

al qi

T dlaiai wk wa i kpig wih

wad-lkig hikig y: dlaiy a

mh a pibl i wih aial iy.

T p dd h impa ahivig

a bala amg lgiima aial iy i,

lgiima pivay i idividal, ad h

ppl’ di kw h h ab h aii

mmid by Nazi ad Japa wa imial.

I bliv ha h Dpam Sa’ vall

d dlaiyig dm ha pvidd a -

l l ad xampl—ad phap a iml—

h agi, by dmaig ha m i

idd lg d b laid.

T p al bd h Dpam Sa

by vig a a mid i h Dpamad h Fig Svi ab h impa p-

vig ad dlaiyig h hiial d.

Nw hlgy al playd a l, bh i h

dvlpm daaba ak ad viw ld

pap d, ad i h pdi d digial

imag m pap ad mim d. T D-

pam Sa mad h lag li

daaba ig pliy d, h Sa Ahivig

Sym (SAS), whih ild h lly ahabl x

35 milli lgam daig m h ya 1975.Hwv, i wa al la ha, a im, h ay

hlgy wa availabl, ad ha h hlgy

ha wa had ld pm a h lvl w

migh hav did. F xampl, h ali pi

h Dpam Sa’ li ym i a-

ally a pahwk ali-gai hlgi.

Ualy, i ld pm a wd,

lik h advad ym h agi. h

pi may h IWG, h Dpam’ y-

m did pa i h am ma— aly aily—a Ggl.

Cii h IWG p hav ggd ha

h xpdd hld hav b applid

h gal dlaiai all d h pid,

j d a aw bj h a Nazi ad

Japa wa imial. Hwv, h IWG , b-

a i ad , pdd l ha



Perspectives 10

wld hwi hav b ahivd. Mv,

i hlpd idiy i mh m dail h hallg,

aal qim, ad h a d-

m idiai ad dlaiai pai. I

bliv ha h IWG qiably had,

aalyzd, ad iid h vall lg-m dla-

iai h U.S. Gvm.

I ha b a pivilg v a a mmb h

IWG, paiipa i h vall , ad wk

llgially ad ha imai wih llag m

may h pa h gvm, m h aa-

dmi wld, ad m h pbli.



A h ggi D. Mihal Kz, h hai

h IWG, a Hiial Adviy Pal (HAP) wa

gaizd ai h IWG i i wk. D. Kz

akd m hai h pal ad di wih him

h pibl mmbhip. T HAP ha m m- im v h pa v ya, ad, i addii, I

hav qly b akd ad mig h

IWG a wll a mig h IWG’ a wih h

IWG pbli mmb. T HAP ha glaly p-

d h IWG a i mig. I ha al viwd

ad did wih h hiia mplyd by h

IWG h da hi p. I lkig bak v

h mig ad h p ivd by h IWG ad

h HAP, ai impi ik a pial

igia ad i.T p dividig h p h IWG

h Cg ad h pbli i w paa yp

wk igiad wih h HAP. I ha b la

a ha idividal hiia hav ak h -

pibiliy hi wk; wh hy p hi am

i, ha’ wha hy d. I h ld h IWG’

pibiliy, h a pibly b a qim

h IWG a a iii gp idividal

ak pibiliy wha ay hiia

a impa amg h wly lad dmad hw ha imai hld b ipd

hld vi h hih apd ipai.

T a imabl pbliai by agi h

U.S. Gvm ha ai a dilaim mak i

la ha h viw xpd by h vai ib-

a h h idividal ah ad h

pig pblihig agy. Havig myl -

Gerhard L. Weinberg

Chair, IWG Historical Advisory Panel

padly pi I had wi pblihd i h a

ahi, I am m plad ha h IWG apd hmmdai h HAP ha pa h al -

p dal wih h xpi, amplihm, ad

mmdai h IWG, whil all h pbli-

ai ai h idividally igd p h

pial hiia. T p wih hi -

pi wly lad dm will ly

b ga hlp hiia wh wk wih

h d ha h IWG ha dd i havig d-

laid. Obvily, h p a dal wih ly a

mall ai h ma wly pd ahiv,b hy will imla i i h vd by

allig ai h ih ad pial wha

ha b pdd by h wk h IWG.

I ha b pibl h HAP a a gp ad

myl a a idividal pi h IWG -

ai i ha qi al iy l hy b

vlkd. O h ha ha pvd vy il

i h laihip vai U.S. Gvm ag-

i h Ghl gaizai ad h -dbi-

bakgd may id hpig bid by ha gaizai. Alhgh m l-

va maial hav had b dad kp ld,

h whl y Amia ivlvm wih hi

illig pai ha wa ad ya by

Amia axpay b lagly m Mw

will w b mh la, a will h ig

may pial mmb by m al Amia

“The discovery that there are

vast quantities o relevant

records that have long been

declassied but hardly ever

consulted has brought and will

now bring more attention to

them.”



Perspectives 105

gvm mply. I h p dlaiy-

ig d paiig h Fa Ea, i ha bm

vid ha a mwha imila iai—a il-

lig wk ad by h US b lagly

m Mw—al xid i h pwa a h.

I ha al b l h impa

h OSS d ill hld by h CIA i addii

h h agy had alady ad NARA.

T w al m ia i whih OSS d

had b ipad i CIA l. T viw

p i gad all h maial ha pdd

a maj hav impa dlaid d. I

ha b a plaa pi h HAP h

baial maial pd ah by h FBI ad

al h may ia wh i p

pi q i ha b pibl h O Spial Ivigai h Dpam Ji

waiv i xmpi m h m h Dil

A.

A aa wh h HAP ha b abl a-

i h IWG a mh a w had hpd wa i -

gad Japa wa im. I wa ly ha h

Sa Dpam had aild ii la a-

ig a hipm ahiv d

h Japa wih hi havig b lmd b-

had. T ha al b a gal i hHAP ha h Sa Dpam ha b la

b a hmig a w hik apppia wh i

m h waim ad pwa d paiig

Japa idiali ad idividal wh a-

aid high i pwa Japa. I ha b di-

l h HAP dad h Dpam’ vy

mh ga iiviy wh dm a Japa

ha wh hy a Gmay. T dbl adad

ha appa b applid imply mak

HAP mmb. T pibl i ha Japa i mh m valabl a a ally ha Gmay ad

m h b ad wih xpial id-

ai i iivii i i wih h p-

p h Dil A ad pially haml

ah ha hlpl.

Lik h mmb h IWG, w hav bm

awa h ga dipay i h qaiy -

d wly dlaid paiig Gma wa

im a ad wih h Japa. I i, hw-

v, mhig a lai ha h div-

y ha h a va qaii lva d

ha hav lg b dlaid b hadly v -

ld ha bgh ad will w big m ai

hm. I i a ha w l

h d a h Naial Ahiv i ih pd-

ig pla pd will ai hla i ilizig

vy baial qaii ahiv ha hav imply

b vlkd ya.

I viw h gal pi xpi hii-

a wih h la p d i h Uid

Kigdm, w hav all b pid ad dlighd

by h x whih h Biih hav agd h

la Fig Gvm Imai ha hy had pvidd h Uid Sa, pimaily dig

ad igh a Wld Wa II. A baial pi

h d wa lad amg h OSS l, ad i

will b m i hla hav h

pd ah.

T a ha h a high ppi h wly

pd d i d h viw maial ha

had hih b xmpd m ymai viw

dlaiai ba hy lad illi-

g ad mhd ba hy aidFig Gvm Imai p a bvi

qi. Mh hi maial wld pbably

hav b pd ya ag i i had b viwd

ali. w xampl, m ah agy: h

OSS maial ig h pvii impa

Gma dm by Fiz Klb h wa-

im h OSS i Swizlad, ad h i-

gai O Ohld by h Biih wh hy

ad him i 1945. T m maial aily

pai illig ad mhd, b hli h y hav b kw ya, ad

h ld hadly b ayhig i hi l

iy . B i i m i

hiia md Gmay, h wa, ad

Amia illig i h wa. T Biih gav

h Uid Sa pi Ohld ’ igai

wh hy d him v h Uid Sa la i




1945 b a wi ad h a dda a h

Nmbg ial. A hi ial by h Uid Sa

Miliay ibal i Ca 9, h wa hagd i 1951.

Hi igai immdialy a h ap a

ga impa; hy ld hav b dlaid

wih Biih agm had hy b viwd may

ya ag.

I am ai h bai h IWG-HAP x-

pi ha ah ha havig a blak xmpi

m ymai viw, h w agi illi-

g ad mhd ad Fig Gvm

Imai d a paa da, phap 35 40

ya, viw, wih h Fig Gvm I-

mai hkd wih h gvm ha pvidd i

a ha b d by h IWG. A w-id ym

25 ya h blk ad a lg pid pial

agi mak mh m ha h p

. Nw h gvm ha h i iy

v va qaii d ha ld

hav b lad b whih, ba hy mai

laid, mak h ly iiv all h m

vlabl pai. T w ha hav

b pd, h m likly i i ha hy a b

gadd wih h pi availabl.

Wha will lg ay i my mmy a h ddi-

ad h IWG mmb ad h dlai-

ai mi hy mplyd; h migly d-

l ad pai wk h Naial Ahiv a

aigd h IWG pgam; ad h gial a-

iai wih llw mmb h HAP.



Appendices 107

Appendix 1. IWG Members, Staf, and Consultants

IWG Members All Wii (Chai, 2006-2007)

Sv Gakl (Chai, 2000-2006), NARA

Mihal Kz (Chai, 1999-2000), NARA

Swa Aly, Dpam D

Tma Ba, Sihad Ba Pi Cmpay

Rihad B-Vi, May, Bw, Rw, ad Maw

Chiia Bmwll, Dpam D

Jh E. Clligwd, FBI

David Hlm, CIA

Elizabh Hlzma, Hik, Fii, LLP

William H, FBI

Hald J. Kwalwa, Dpam D

William Lay, Naial Siy CilDavid Mawll, Uid Sa Hla Mmial

Mm

David Pa, Dpam Sa

Eli Rbam, Dpam Ji

Pal Shapi, Uid Sa Hla Mmial

Mm

William Slay, Dpam Sa

Ma S, Dpam Sa

IWG Agency RepresentativesEdwad Ald, Dpam h Amy

Sa Ald, Naial Siy Agy

Sv Bak, FBI

Elizabh B. Whi, Dpam Ji

Pal Cla, Dpam Sa

Rihad Civa, Naial Siy Agy

Bia Dwig, Dpam Sa

Way Daway, Naial Siy Agy

Eli Kalih, FBI

Cal Kly, FBIMihal Lahy, Ciizhip ad Immigai S-

vi

Shlly Lpz-P, Dpam h Navy

Sv Rah, Dpam h Amy

Sv Rg, Dpam Ji

Elai Rgi, Dpam h Amy

Lia Salai, Dpam h Navy

Adw Swigd, Dpam h Amy

(CIA mmb am wihhld)

IWG Sta at NARADavid Va al (Sa Di)

William Cli (Si Ahivi)

Gg Badh (Si Ahivi)

Pal Bw (Rah)

Sv Hamil (Ahiv Spiali)

Miiam Klima (Rah)

Sa Mi (Rah)

Rihad My (Si Ahivi) Whiy Nlad (Rah)

Mihal P (Rah)

Jak Sad (Ca Spiali)

Rb Skwi (Rah)

Ei Va Slad (Rah)

Historical Sta Rihad Bima, Amia Uiviy

Edwad Da, C Miliay Hiy (id)

Nma Gda, Ohi Uiviy Jam Lid, Hiy Aia Ipad

Mal May, Uiviy Maylad, Cllg Pak

imhy Naali, Uiviy Vigiia

Rb Wl, NARA

Daqig Yag, Gg Wahig Uiviy

ConsultantsLay ayl (Exiv Di)

Paiia Bg (Admiiaiv Aia)

Giliaa Bllad (Pbli Rlai) Jh Pia (Adi)

J. Edwi Dil (Adi)

Ki Rh (Edi)

Raymd Shmid (Rviw)

Kik Lbb (Ca Maagm)




Historical Advisory PanelGhad Wibg (Chai), Uiviy Nh Calia, Chapl Hill

Rba Bhlig, Uiviy Maylad, Balim Cy

Jam Cihld, Cal Illig Agy (dad)

Cal Glk, Clmbia Uiviy

Rb Hayk, Naial Siy Agy

P Hay, Nhw Uiviy

Lida Gz Hlm, Idpd Shla

Chiph Simp, Amia Uiviy

Rald Zwig, Nw Yk Uiviy



Appendices 10

Appendix 2. Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act (P.L. 105-246)

Nazi Wa Cim Dil A

Pbli Law 105-246

Si 1. Sh il

Ti A may b id a h “Nazi Wa Cim Dil A.”

Si 2. Eablihm Nazi Wa Cimial Rd Iagy Wkig Gp

(a) Dii -- I hi i h m

(1) “agy” ha h maig giv h m d i 551 il 5, Uid Sa Cd;

(2) “Iagy Gp” ma h Nazi Wa Cimial Rd Iagy Wkig Gp ab-

lihd d bi (b);

(3) “Nazi wa imial d” ha h maig giv h m d i 3 hi A; ad

(4) “d” ma a Nazi wa imial d.(b) Eablihm Iagy Gp --

(1) I gal -- N la ha 60 day a h da am hi A, h Pid hall -

ablih h Nazi Wa Cimial Rd Iagy Wkig Gp, whih hall mai i xi 3 ya

a h da h Iagy Gp i ablihd.

(2) Mmbhip -- T Pid hall appi h Iagy Gp idividal whm h Pi-

d dmi will m mplly ad ivly ay h i h Iagy Gp wihi

h im limiai pvidd i hi i, ildig h Di h Hla Mm, h Hiia

h Dpam Sa, h Ahivi h Uid Sa, h had ay h agy h Pid -

id apppia, ad m ha 3 h p. T had a agy appid by h Pid may

diga a apppia v h Iagy Gp i li h had h agy.(3) Iiial Mig -- N la ha 90 day a h da am hi A, h Iagy

Gp hall hld a iiial mig ad bgi h i qid d hi i.

() Fi -- N la ha 1 ya a h da am hi A, h Iagy Gp hall,

h ga x pibl i wih i 3 hi A --

(1) la, idiy, ivy, mmd dlaiai, ad mak availabl h pbli a h

Naial Ahiv ad Rd Admiiai, all Nazi wa imial d h Uid Sa;

(2) dia wih agi ad ak h ai a ay xpdi h la h d

h pbli; ad

(3) bmi a p Cg, ildig h Cmmi h Jdiiay h Sa ad h Cm-

mi Gvm Rm ad Ovigh h H Rpaiv, dibig all h d, hdipii h d, ad h aivii h Iagy Gp ad agi d hi i.

Si 3. Rqim Dil Rd Rgadig P Wh Cmmid

Nazi Wa Cim

(a) Nazi Wa Cimial Rd -- F pp hi A, h m “Nazi wa imial d” ma

d pi d ha

(1) pai ay p wih p whm h Uid Sa Gvm, i i l dii,




ha gd bliv dd, iid, aid, hwi paiipad i h pi ay p

ba a, ligi, aial igi, pliial pii, dig h pid bgiig Mah 23, 1933,

ad dig May 8,1945, d h dii , i aiai wih --

(A) h Nazi gvm Gmay;

(B) ay gvm i ay aa pid by h miliay h Nazi gvm

Gmay;

(C) ay gvm ablihd wih h aia pai h Nazi gvm

Gmay;

(D) ay gvm whih wa a ally h Nazi gvm Gmay;

(2) pai ay aai a whih h Uid Sa Gvm, i i l dii, ha

gd bliv --

(A) ivlvd a ak m pd p dig h pid bgiig Mah 23,

1933, ad dig May 8, 1945, by, d h dii , bhal , d ahiy gad by h

Nazi gvm Gmay ay ai h allid wih ha gvm; ad

(B) h aai wa mpld wih h a h w h a hi

hi aig h lgiima paiv.(b) Rla Rd --

(1) I Gal -- Sbj paagaph (2), (3), ad (4), h Nazi Wa Cimial Rd Iagy

Wkig Gp hall la i hi iy Nazi wa imial d ha a dibd i bi (a).

(2) Expi Pivay, . -- A agy had may xmp m la d paagaph (1) pi

imai, ha wld --

(A) i a laly waad ivai pal pivay.

(B) val h idiy a dial hma , val imai ab h ap-

pliai a illig mhd, val h idiy a hma illig wh h

ahizd dil ha wld laly ad dmably damag h aial iy i

h Uid Sa;(C) val imai ha wld ai i h dvlpm wap ma d-

i;

(D) val imai ha wld impai Uid Sa yplgi ym aivii;

(E) val imai ha wld impai h appliai a--h-a hlgy wihi

a Uid Sa wap ym;

(F) val aal Uid Sa miliay wa pla ha mai i ;

(G) val imai ha wld ily ad dmably impai lai bw h

Uid Sa ad a ig gvm, ily ad dmably dmi gig diplmai aivi-

i h Uid Sa;

(H) val imai ha wld laly ad dmably impai h abiliy Ui-d Sa Gvm ial p h Pid, Vi Pid, ad h ial whm pi

vi, i h i aial iy, a ahizd;

(I) val imai ha wld ily ad dmably impai aial iy

mgy ppad pla;

(J) vila a ay iaial agm.

(3) Appliai Exmpi --



Appendices 111

(A) I Gal -- I applyig h xmpi lid i bpaagaph (B) hgh (J) paa-

gaph (2), h hall b a pmpi ha h pbli i i h la Nazi wa imial d will b

vd by dil ad la h d. Ai h xmpi may ly b mad wh h agy

had dmi ha dil ad la wld b haml a pi i idid i h xmp-

i. A agy had wh mak h a dmiai hall pmply p i h mmi Cg

wih apppia jidii, ildig h Cmmi h Jdiiay h Sa ad h Cmmi

Gvm Rm ad Ovigh h H Rpaiv. T xmpi h i paagaph (2)

hall i h ly ahiy pa whih a agy had may xmp d hwi bj

la d paagaph (1).

(4) Limiai il 5 -- Ti bi hall apply d --

(A) lad ppig ay aiv iaiv ivigai, iqiy, pi by h

O Spial Ivigai h Dpam Ji;

(B) lly i h pi, dy, l ha .

() Iappliabiliy Naial Siy A 1947 Exmpi -- Si 701(a) h Naial Siy

A 1947 (50 U.S.C. 431) hall apply ay paial l, ay pi a paial l, ha

i a Nazi wa imial d d i 3 hi A.

Si 4. Expdid Pig FOIA Rq Nazi Wa Cimial Rd

(a) Expdid Pig -- F pp xpdid pig d i 552(a)(6)(E) il 5,

Uid Sa Cd, ay q a Nazi wa imial d hall b dmd hav a mpllig d

h d.

(b) Rq -- F pp hi i, h m “q” ma ay p wh wa pd

i h ma dibd d i 3(a)(1) hi A wh q a Nazi wa imial d.

Si 5. Eiv Da

Ti A ad h amdm mad by hi A hall ak h da ha i 90 day a h da

am hi A.

Appvd Ob 8, 1998.




Japa Impial Gvm Dil A 2000

Dmb 6, 2000

SEC. 801. SHOR ILE.

Ti il may b id a h “Japa Impial Gvm Dil A 2000”.

SEC. 802. DESIGNAION.

1. DEFINIIONS- I hi i:

1. AGENCY- T m `agy’ ha h maig giv h m d i 551 il 5, Uid

Sa Cd.

2. INERAGENCY GROUP- T m `Iagy Gp’ ma h Nazi Wa Cim ad Japa

Impial Gvm Rd Iagy Wkig Gp ablihd d bi (b).3. JAPANESE IMPERIAL GOVERNMEN RECORDS- T m `Japa Impial Gvm

d’ ma laid d pi d ha pai ay p wih p whm h

Uid Sa Gvm, i i l dii, ha gd bliv dd, iid, aid, hwi

paiipad i h xpimai , ad pi , ay p ba a, ligi, aial i-

gi, pliial pii, dig h pid bgiig Spmb 18, 1931, ad dig Dmb 31, 1948,

d h dii , i aiai wih--

1. h Japa Impial Gvm;

2. ay gvm i ay aa pid by h miliay h Japa Impial Gvm;

3. ay gvm ablihd wih h aia pai h Japa Impial Gv-

m; 4. ay gvm whih wa a ally h Japa Impial Gvm.

4. RECORD- T m `d’ ma a Japa Impial Gvm d.

2. ESABLISHMEN OF INERAGENCY GROUP-

1. IN GENERAL- N la ha 60 day a h da h am hi A, h Pid hall

diga h Wkig Gp ablihd d h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A (Pbli Law 105-246;

5 U.S.C. 552 ) al ay h pp hi il wih p Japa Impial Gvm

d, ad ha Wkig Gp hall mai i xi 3 ya a h da whih hi il ak -

. Sh Wkig Gp i digad a h ̀ Nazi Wa Cim ad Japa Impial Gvm Rd

Iagy Wkig Gp’.2. MEMBERSHIP- Si 2(b)(2) h A i amdd by ikig ̀ 3 h p’ ad iig `4

h p wh hall b mmb h pbli, whm 3 hall b p appid d h pvii

hi A i Ob 8, 1998.’

1. FUNCIONS- N la ha 1 ya a h da h am hi A, h Iagy

Gp hall, h ga x pibl i wih i 803--

2. la, idiy, ivy, mmd dlaiai, ad mak availabl h pbli a h

Naial Ahiv ad Rd Admiiai, all laid Japa Impial Gvm d h

Appendix 3. Japanese Imperial Government Disclosure Act (P.L. 106-567)



Appendices 11

Uid Sa;

3. dia wih agi ad ak h ai a ay xpdi h la h d

h pbli; ad

4. bmi a p Cg, ildig h Cmmi Gvm Rm ad h Pma

Sl Cmmi Illig h H Rpaiv, ad h Cmmi h Jdiiay ad

h Sl Cmmi Illig h Sa, dibig all h d, h dipii h d,

ad h aivii h Iagy Gp ad agi d hi i.

3. FUNDING- T i ahizd b apppiad h m a may b ay ay h

pvii hi il.

SEC. 803. REQUIREMEN OF DISCLOSURE OF RECORDS.

1. RELEASE OF RECORDS- Sbj bi (b), (), ad (d), h Japa Impial Gvm

Rd Iagy Wkig Gp hall la i hi iy Japa Impial Gvm d.

2. EXEMPIONS- A agy had may xmp m la d bi (a) pi imai,

ha wld--1. i a waad iv ai pal pivay;

2. val h idiy a dial hma , val imai ab a illig

mhd wh h ahizd dil ha mhd wld damag h aial iy

i h Uid Sa;

3. val imai ha wld ai i h dvlpm wap ma di;

4. val imai ha wld impai Uid Sa yplgi ym aivii;

5. val imai ha wld impai h appliai a--h-a hlgy wihi a Uid

Sa wap ym;

6. val Uid Sa miliay wa pla ha mai i ;

7. val imai ha wld impai lai bw h Uid Sa ad a ig gvm, dmi gig diplmai aivii h Uid Sa;

8. val imai ha wld impai h abiliy Uid Sa Gvm ial

p h Pid, Vi Pid, ad h ial whm pi vi a ahizd i h

i aial iy;

9. val imai ha wld impai aial iy mgy ppad pla;

10. vila a ay h iaial agm.

3. APPLICAIONS OF EXEMPIONS-

1. IN GENERAL- I applyig h xmpi pvidd i paagaph (2) hgh (10) bi

(b), h hall b a pmpi ha h pbli i will b vd by dil ad la h d h Japa Impial Gvm. T xmpi may b ad ly wh h had h agy ha

maiai h d dmi ha dil ad la wld b haml a pi i idid

i h xmpi. A agy had wh mak h a dmiai hall pmply p i h mmi

Cg wih apppia jidii, ildig h Cmmi h Jdiiay ad h Sl Cmmi

Illig h Sa ad h Cmmi Gvm Rm ad h Pma Sl Cmmi-

Illig h H Rpaiv.

2. APPLICAION OF ILE 5- A dmiai by a agy had apply a xmpi pvidd i




paagaph (2) hgh (9) bi (b) hall b bj h am adad viw ha appli i h

a d wihhld d i 552(b)(1) il 5, Uid Sa Cd.

4. RECORDS RELAED O INVESIGAIONS OR PROSECUIONS- Ti i hall apply

d--

1. lad ppig ay aiv iaiv ivigai, iqiy, pi by h O

Spial Ivigai h Dpam Ji;

2. lly i h pi, dy, l h O Spial Ivigai.

SEC. 804. EXPEDIED PROCESSING OF REQUESS FOR JAPANESE IMPERIAL GOVERN-

MEN RECORDS.

F pp xpdid pig d i 552(a)(6)(E) il 5, Uid Sa Cd, ay p

wh wa pd i h ma dibd i i 802(a)(3) ad wh q a Japa Impial Gv-

m d hall b dmd hav a mpllig d h d.

SEC. 805. EFFECIVE DAE.

T pvii hi il hall ak h da ha i 90 day a h da h am

hi A.

Spak h H Rpaiv.

Vi Pid h Uid Sa ad Pid h Sa.



Appendices 115

Appendix 4. Honoring the Lie o Stan Moskowitz




Record Group Record Group itle

038 Rd h O h Chi Naval Opai

043 Rd Rlaig h Fa Ea Cmmii

056 Rd h Dpam h ay 059 Gal Rd h Dpam Sa

060 Rd h Dpam Ji

065 Rd h Fdal Ba Ivigai

080 Gal Rd h Dpam h Navy, 1798-1947

082 Rd h Fdal Rv Sym

084 Rd h Fig Svi P h Dpam Sa

107 Rd h Say Wa

125 Rd h O h Jdg Adva Gal (Navy

127 Rd h U.S. Mai Cp

131 Rd h O Ali Ppy

153 Rd h O h Jdg Adva Gal (Amy)165 Rd h Wa Dpam Gal ad Spial Sa

200 Naial Ahiv Gi Clli

208 Rd h O Wa Imai

218 Rd h US Ji Chi Sa

226 Rd h O Sagi Svi

238 Naial Ahiv Clli Wld Wa II Wa Cim Rd

242 Naial Ahiv Clli Fig Rd Sizd

243 Rd h Uid Sa Sagi Bmbig Svy

256 Rd Fig A Cl

260 Rd US Opai Rd, Wld Wa II

262 Rd h Fig Bada Illig Svi263 Rd h Cal Illig Agy

299 Rd h Fig Claim Slm Cmmii

319 Rd h Amy Sa

330 Rd h O h Say D

331 Rd Allid Opaial ad Opai Hadqa

353 Rd Idpamal ad Iadpamal Cmmi (Sa)

389 Rd h O h Pv Mahal Gal

407 Rd h Adja Gal’ O

457 Rd h Naial Siy Agy

466 Rd h High Cmmii Gmay

492 Rd Mdiaa Ta Opai, Uid Sa Amy 493 Rd h U.S. F i h Chia-Bma-Idia Ta Opai

494 Rd h U.S. Amy F i h Middl Pai (Wld Wa II)

495 Rd HQ, U.S. Amy F, W Pai (Wld Wa II)

496 Rd GHQ, Shw Pai Aa ad U.S. Amy F, Pai (Wld Wa II)

549 Rd Uid Sa Amy, Ep

554 Rd GHQ, Fa Ea Cmmad, SCAP, ad Uid Nai Cmmad

Appendix 5. Previously Opened War Crimes Related Documents



Appendices 117

Appendix 6. The Tasking OrdersFebruary 1999 Memorandum



Appendices 11




December 2000 Memorandum



Appendices 121




Appendix 7. Memorandum on Relevancy, 26 July 2001



Appendices 12



Appendices 125



Appendices 127

T Nazi Wa Cim ad Japa Impial Gvm Rd Iagy Wkig Gp

May 10, 2001

MEMORANDUM FOR: Mmb, Nazi Wa Cim ad Japa Impial Gvm Rd Iag-

y Wkig Gp (IWG)

FROM: Sv Gakl, Chai

SUBJEC: Fig Gvm Imai

A la mig, h paiv w agi aid h i xmpig ig gvm

imai. T pp hi mmadm i mid h mmb agi ha “ig gvm

imai” i a xmpi agy p d Exiv Od 12958, “Claid Naial Siy Imai,” hiial maial v 25 ya ld. T appliabl xmpi d h Nazi Wa Cim

Dil A, whih mimi h aial iy xmpi i E.O. 12958, al d ild a pi

xmpi ig gvm imai. T, i d xmp imai ha igiad

m a ig gvm, h pibl agy had, h ig gvm, m dmi ha h

imai laly all wihi ah xmpi dil d h A.

Sm bakgd imai hi bj may b imaiv. Ud h pd laiai ym

E.O. 12958, ig gvm imai wa a pi xmpi agy imai whav

i ag. Hwv, d h ym, may agi had xpid iai i whih ld d

hiial val, whih hwi w lg iiv, maid laid ba h ig gvmd ahiz dlaiai. O h dii w mad by liai m h mpaabl agy

h ig gvm wih ay ip m a high ahiy. I m abl iai, h ai

ld i ldi dii id laiai ha bgh pbli idil h i iy

laiai ym, ad mad h pi ly iiv imai m dil.

A a l, wih h dvlpm E.O. 12958, h Whi H mad a ppl dii ild

ig gvm imai a a pi xmpi agy hiial d v 25 ya ld. I-

ad, i ada wih h Od’ implmig diiv (32 CFR § 2001.51(g)), h pibl agy

h Dpam Sa i agd l wih h ig gvm, b h lima dii

wih a ahizd ial h agy (h agy had d h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A).

Wih p d bj h xmpi adad h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A, agi

m xi hi pibiliy wih paila a. T lva d, v d ha may i-

ld ig gvm imai, laly la wad dlaiai ad dil.

I applyig h xmpi… h hall b a pmpi ha h pbli i i h la Nazi wa

imial d will b vd by dil ad la h d. Ai h xmpi may ly

Appendix 8. Guidance to Agencies on Foreign Government Inormation




b mad wh h agy had dmi ha dil ad la wld b haml a pi i

idid i h xmpi. A agy had wh mak h a xmpi hall pmply p i h

mmi Cg wih apppia jidii…

[Si 3(b)(3)(A) h A]



Appendices 12

NARA plimiay aalyi pivay i

I. T xmpi m dil pivay gd

A. T Nazi Wa Cim Dil A amd h Fdm Imai A (FOIA) qi dil

laid “Nazi wa imial d,” wih ai xpi:

* Si 3(b)(2)(A) h A allw a agy had xmp m la “pi imai, ha

wld . . . i a laly waad ivai pal pivay.” I kpig wih h a ha h Nazi

Wa Cim Dil A, lik h FOIA il, i a dil a, a wihhldig a, h xmp-

i a maday.

* T m “laly waad ivai pal pivay” i al d i h Fdm Imai A

Exmpi 6, 5 U.S.C. § 552(b)(6). W a lk FOIA’ xiv a law a ipai wha h

m ma ad hw apply i “pi imai” i Nazi wa imial d.

B. Elm FOIA Exmpi 6 (pal pivay):

* Ev b idd pial wihhldig, h imai m b idiabl wih a pi idi-

vidal, a lag gp idividal a gaizai.

* O ha hhld qim i m, h qi i whh h dil h imai “wld

i a laly waad ivai pal pivay.” Ta aw dpd p h m a

balaig h pbli’ igh dil agai h idividal’ igh pivay.

* Fi, i h a pivay i b pd? I h i idiabl pivay i bgi wih, h

h aalyi i dd: h imai i dild.* I wha ima migh h b pivay i? Alhgh h a alm alway xpi,

h gal l a: pivay i i imai i h pbli dmai; pivay dad ppl

gaizai, mpai pai; pivay xpai dal mply i imai gad-

ig hi mplym a di.

* I a pivay i xi, h y m idiy h pbli i, i ay, i dil ad wigh i

agai h pivay i. I h i pbli i i dil, i h pivay i wigh h

pbli i, h h ivai pivay wld b waad ad h imai hld b wihhld.

* I h pbli i wigh h pivay i, h h ivai pivay wld b waad ad

h imai hld b dild.

* Wha i “pbli i”? F pp FOIA, h pbli’ i i i imai ha hdligh a agy’ pma i ay di--i.., i hw “wha h gvm i p .” b

idd i h balaig , h imai ad b i h pbli i m val mhig

ab h pai ad aivii h dal gvm.

C. “Pbli i” idai aid by h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A:

* T A xply pvid ha i applyig h h xmpi m la--h laig aial

Appendix 9. Guidance on Privacy




iy [S. 3(b)(2)(B)-(J)]--h i a “pmpi ha h pbli i i h la Nazi

wa imial d will b vd by dil ad la h d.” S. 3(b)(3)(A). Ai h

aial iy xmpi al qi a agy had mak h dmiai ha la h x-

mpd imai “wld b haml a pi i idid i h xmpi.” S. 3(b)(3)(A).

* Alhgh hi pmpi i xply appliabl h pivay xmpi, h a pmpi i im-

plii i h FOIA il ad h pivay xmpi’ balaig qi ha h pbli i b ad

i ay dmiai apply h xmpi. Mv, i dig h balaig , h hav

id ha h “laly waad” lagag i h xmpi wigh h al i av dil.

* T Spm C ha mphaizd ha a pbli i mbdid i h FOIA il i “ hld h

gv aabl h gvd,” im h pbli vilai h pbli . T lgilaiv

hiy h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A ad h Naial Siy Advi’ akig mmadm

Fbay 22, 1999, mak la ha hi pp i igal implmai h A. F xampl,

Sa Lahy d i hi am i pp h A h d “ll dil by dal agi

ab wha gvm kw, ad wh, ab Nazi aii ad h imial wh mmid h

aii.”

Fially, i i impa mmb ha v i a pivay i i wihhldig i d wigh a pbli

i i dil, FOIA qi la all aably ggabl -xmp imai i a d.

A pig d pd, NARA will pvid agi wih xampl d ha will hlp i mak-

ig h pivay dmiai.

II. Li b pvidd by O Spial Ivigai, DOJ – pivay i

* T Ji Dpam’ O Spial Ivigai (OSI) will b pvidig agi wih a li

appximaly 60,000 am ha a b d ah piv d. T ba h li will b (1)h am SS ad (2) idividal amd by h Uid Nai Wa Cim Cmmii. Alhgh

bh h li a p ad availabl h pbli, h OSI-mpild li will likly b pplmd by

am idividal wh may hav b pblily aiad wih imial aiviy b wh am ld

hlp lad d mpad by h A.

* Adigly, h OSI-mpild li hld b haaizd i a way ha avid havig h gvm

aily igmaiz p wh hav v b hagd wih pblily ad a im. O appah

wld b diga h li a a “ky wd li dig ah” imila il ha avid a implia-

i wgdig h pa ah ad vy idividal wh i h li.

III. Pial Pivay A i

NARA ha idid a la w aa i whih implmai h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A ld

b impad by h pvii h Pivay A:

(1) T O Spial Ivigai ha akd ha agi, hy hav lad piv d,

pa h d OSI i viw ad dmiai whh h d wihi h Nazi Wa Cim

Dil A’ xli m dil d “lad ppig ay aiv iaiv iviga-

i, iqiy, pi” by OSI. I aiipai ha a la m piv d may b lad i



Appendices 11

Pivay A ym d, agi hld hk hi Pivay A i whh a dil

h d OSI wld wihi a xiig pblihd i . Ah way dal wih h a

dil wld b OSI mak a wi q h agi ha mp wih h qim

h Pivay A’ bi (b)(7) (allwig a agy dil Pivay A-pd d a pid

law m pp). Y ah appah ld b agi pblih a pializd i

pp implmig h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A, a did immdialy blw.

(2) Agi ha wih wihhld imai i piv d d h xmpi i h

Nazi Wa Cim Dil A a Si 3(b)(2) will d by h Iagy Wkig Gp

b a xmpi i ivkd ad imai i wihhld. I d g h IWG’ , agi

will d pvid h d h IWG i viw. I i likly ha a la m h d will

m m Pivay A ym d. I i likly, hwv, ha agi hav a alady-pblihd -

i ha wld allw h a dil m h agi h IWG. T, agi hld id

pblihig a w i v h a dil. Sh a w i ld al b wi i h a

way pmi h dil did abv i pi (1).

Agi a gly advid l wih hi Gal Cl’ O, ad wih h O Maag-m ad Bdg ad h Dpam Ji, agi dal wih h pial Pivay A pblm

d i h gig w pi.

Fially, agi will b ig v hi dlaid d NARA b mad availabl h pbli

d h Nazi Wa Cim Dil A. NARA bliv ha dil h d NARA by h

agi i pmid d bi (b)(6) h Pivay A.

O Gal Cl May 1999

Naial Ahiv a Cllg Pak




Appendix 10. CIA Response to IWG Report Questions



Appendices 1




Appendix 11. Consensus Decisions and Guidance rom IWG Arising rom IWG Meeting, April 11,2000



Appendices 15




Appendix 12. Feinstein Statement on Bill S1902



Appendices 17



Appendices 1

Appendix 13. 12 May 2000 Memorandum

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