Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War...

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Naval History of the Civil War

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Transcript of Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War...

Page 1: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

Naval History of the Civil War

Page 2: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

Naval StrategyNorth

• Isolate• Divide• Control Territory• Protect Shipping

South

• Discredit Blockade• Disrupt Northern Shipping• Protect Key Territory

Page 3: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.
Page 4: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

Resources

North

• Northeastern Nautical Tradition

• Shipyards• Industrial Base• Most Navy Officers did not

follow the Confederacy• Manpower• 40 ships

South• Weak Industrial Base• Limited Maritime

Experience• ZERO ships

Page 5: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

Technology

• Steam Engines• Screw Propellors• Ironclad Ships• Torpedoes• Submarines

Page 6: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

Blockade

• Cut off commerce of an opponent.• Field a credible Naval Force to interdict

shipping and enforce blockade.• Blockade can be broken and lifted if the

blockading ships can be driven off.• Declaring a blockade held serious political

implications for the North.

Page 7: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.
Page 8: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

Blockade Running

• Small fast boats to bring in vital supplies• Tendency was toward luxury items that bring a large market

value instead of strategic military stores• One or two successful trips could make a crew rich• Support from non-belligerent countries

Page 9: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

Commerce Raiding

• Goal is to cripple an adversaries international trade and limit their peaceful use of the seas• Destroyed US merchant marine fleet and fishing fleets.

Effects linger to this day.

• Privateers – Letter of Marque• Commerce Raiders – Confederate Navy– Compact, frigate-sized warships built and armed

abroad due to a lack of Confederate industrial base.

Page 10: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.
Page 11: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

River Wars

• Extensive system of Western Rivers facilitated internal trade in the Confederacy and provided avenues of advance to the Union.

• Forts vs Ships

Page 12: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.
Page 13: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

The Two Navies

Union• Line of Battle Ships

– Frigates– Cruisers

• Gunboats• Ironclads• River craft

Confederate• Commerce Raiders• Ironclads• Submarine

– CSS HUNLEY

Page 14: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

KEY NAVAL BATTLES

Page 15: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

FORT SUMTER

Page 16: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.
Page 17: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

Forts Henry and Donelson

Page 18: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.
Page 19: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

MONITOR/VIRGINIA (MERRIMACK)

Page 20: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.
Page 21: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.
Page 22: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

New Orleans/Mobile Bay

Page 23: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.
Page 24: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.
Page 25: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

KEARSARGE/ALABAMA

Page 26: Naval History of the Civil War. Naval Strategy Technology Blockade Blockade Running River War Commerce Raiding Key Naval Battles Fort Sumter Forts Henry.

The Blockade Board of 1861 and Union naval strategyvcwsg.com/s/The Blockade Board of 1861 and Union...The Blockade Board of 1861 and Union naval strategy Civil War History, June, 2002

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