Natural Natural HazardsHazards

By: Alexandra StaheyeffBy: Alexandra Staheyeff

Volcanoes Floods Tornadoes

Hurricanes

Tsunamis

Avalanches

Volcanoes

Earthquakes

The location of the The location of the EarthquakeEarthquake • The earthquake took place in Kobe in Japan, on January The earthquake took place in Kobe in Japan, on January

17th 199517th 1995

• 1.5 million people were living in Kobe when it happened1.5 million people were living in Kobe when it happened

• They had never seen something like that for 47 years. The They had never seen something like that for 47 years. The Earthquake was 7.2 in the Richter scaleEarthquake was 7.2 in the Richter scale

• 6,000 people died, 26,000 people were injured and 310,000 6,000 people died, 26,000 people were injured and 310,000 people lost their homespeople lost their homes

The plate The plate boundariesboundaries• The city of Kobe lies on tree different platesThe city of Kobe lies on tree different plates

• The Pacific plate, the Eurasian plate and the Philippines The Pacific plate, the Eurasian plate and the Philippines plateplate

• They are all destructive marginsThey are all destructive margins

• The most likely hazard is an Earthquake caused by the The most likely hazard is an Earthquake caused by the movement of these plate tectonics movement of these plate tectonics

• When the subduction happens, it goes 10 centimetres down When the subduction happens, it goes 10 centimetres down every year every year

The Earthquake and the The Earthquake and the AreaArea

• Japan is known for having lots of small earthquakes, but Japan is known for having lots of small earthquakes, but some large ones too. It’s capital Tokyo was destroyed by a some large ones too. It’s capital Tokyo was destroyed by a huge one in 1923 and 143.000 people died. huge one in 1923 and 143.000 people died.

• Kobe didn’t have many of earthquakes . It did have a few Kobe didn’t have many of earthquakes . It did have a few very small ones – 2.4 on the Richter scale.very small ones – 2.4 on the Richter scale.

• The 1995 earthquake is a rare event. There is a little The 1995 earthquake is a rare event. There is a little chance that it will happen again.chance that it will happen again.

The ClimatThe Climat • The climate in Kobe is cold andThe climate in Kobe is cold and humid humid

• The climate has not changed since the 1995 earthquakeThe climate has not changed since the 1995 earthquake

• The climate didn’t change in Tokyo either (after its 1923 The climate didn’t change in Tokyo either (after its 1923 earthquake)earthquake)

• The climate goes up to 31c° in summerThe climate goes up to 31c° in summer

Civilization and Civilization and IndustrializationIndustrialization

• The damages caused by the Earthquake cost at least $102.5 The damages caused by the Earthquake cost at least $102.5 billion.billion.

• A lot of people were homeless. They had lost their money and A lot of people were homeless. They had lost their money and

had to sleep on the streets. had to sleep on the streets.

• Schools, churches, office buildings also had to be rebuilt. The Schools, churches, office buildings also had to be rebuilt. The government invested a lot of money to rebuilt everything, but government invested a lot of money to rebuilt everything, but it took many years. it took many years.

• Farmers also became very poor and had to rebuild their Farmers also became very poor and had to rebuild their businessesbusinesses

• The Japanese people had a huge wake up call, so their The Japanese people had a huge wake up call, so their behaviour changed after the earthquake. They became more behaviour changed after the earthquake. They became more responsible and prepared themself’s for a future big responsible and prepared themself’s for a future big earthquake earthquake

• They took better care of their environment, recycling and They took better care of their environment, recycling and saving electricity for example.saving electricity for example.

How to prepare for the Next How to prepare for the Next EarthquakeEarthquake

• Prepare your house for the risk of an earthquake by pouting foundation on your house

• Support your hot water, because when the Earthquake hits you can make serious damage

• Secure the furniture like the picture frames and the books on the shelf's

• Make sure that the beds are not next to a window

• Turn off the Gaz, the water and electricity

• Have the following supplies available in your house:– Packed food and water – Fire extinguisher – Portable Radio– Flash lights– First-aid kit– Matches– Blankets

Before the Earthquake

During

• Stay calmStay calm• Go to an area were nothing can fall on youGo to an area were nothing can fall on you• If you are outside move away from the Buildings If you are outside move away from the Buildings • If you are driving you must pull over but don’t stay on a bridge or a If you are driving you must pull over but don’t stay on a bridge or a highway as it might collapse highway as it might collapse

After the earthquake

• Call emergency help for injured people Call emergency help for injured people • Help injured people Help injured people • Check for fires Check for fires • Keep people away from power lines Keep people away from power lines • Clean up Brocken glass or what is broken in your houseClean up Brocken glass or what is broken in your house• If the power is off, share the food that you still have If the power is off, share the food that you still have • Check buildings for damage and hazardsCheck buildings for damage and hazards• Stay calm and help others: that’s the only way you can Stay calm and help others: that’s the only way you can survive.survive.

Little QuizLittle Quiz

1.1. What is the location of the earthquake?What is the location of the earthquake?

2.2. How many Plates are involved?How many Plates are involved?

3.3. Where did the other big earthquake take place? Where did the other big earthquake take place?

4.4. Is another big Earthquake like this one likely to happen Is another big Earthquake like this one likely to happen there again?there again?