Natives and Newcomers

8th Grade Social Studies

The First Inhabitants

• Archaeologists- Scientist who discover and explain the evidence of human habitation found buried in the ground

• The first period was the Paleolithic and it was 10,000-7,000 BC

• Scientists believe that first inhabitants came from Asia during the Ice Age

• The Outer Banks where not here at this time

• At this time people where hunters

The First Inhabitants

• The second period was called the Archaic Period and it was from 7,000-500 BC

• They formed foraging communities to help each other out with hunting and gathering

• These communities would move from place to place according to the season.

• In this period the people learned to trap and spear fish

• The major tools made during this time was the hammer, atlatl, ax, and rocks to grind things down

The First Inhabitants

• The Woodland Period was next and started in 1,000BC-1,000AD

• Maze was brought here from Mexico

• Clay was used for the first time to make pot

• The oldest known village where found along the Pee Dee River

The First Inhabitants

• The final time period was the Mississippian and it was from 800-1500AD

• This group was influenced by people that traveled up the Mississippi River

• This was the first time that we see people building places to practice religion.

• They began to see ceremonies such as the Green Corn Ceremony

• This era ended due to the first white people coming over.

Indian Life at the Time of European Contact

• There was a lot of Tribes in North Carolina at this time

• The Major tribes where the Algonquin, Tuscarora, Catawba, and the Cherokee

• The Cherokee is the most famous tribe from this group because of there size

• The Cherokee took up part of North Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, and Virginia

Indian Life at the Time of European Contact

• By this time the woodlands culture had spread and was common in all of the tribes in North Carolina

• Deer was the animal of choice for food and for clothing

• Most tribes planted the “three sisters” corn, beans, and squash.

Indian Life at the Time of European Contact

• Village life was the norm for all most all Native American groups by now

• Huts are the most common form of shelter for the Native American

• Children belong to the clan of their mother which is called matrilineal society

Indian Life at the Time of European Contact

• The Native Americans religion was mostly about nature

• They respected nature very much because they knew that their survival depended upon their interaction with nature

• A conjurer is what the white man would later call the medicine man

Indian Life at the Time of European Contact

• The meeting between the Native Americans and the Europeans brought big changes for both

• The Europeans brought plants and animal with them and traded them with the Native Americans

• Europeans also brought with them diseases and this was one reason why most Native American died off

European Explorers Come and Go

• Giovanni da Verrazano was an Italian explore but he worked for the King of France.

• He was searching for a faster route to China and the riches of Asia.

• He claimed that he did find it but what he found was the Pamlico Sound.

• The Pamlico sound was first named the “sea of Verrazano”.

European Explorers Come and Go

• Hernando de Soto explored from Florida to Mississippi.

• Soto explore the mountains of North Carolina by following the Catawba River

• He meet the Cherokee and was not nice to the Native Americans.

• Soto died while traveling the Mississippi River and was buried in the river

European Explorers Come and Go

• Juan Pardo was also a Spanish explore and stayed longer than Soto.

• Pardo had his base camp on the South Carolina coast.

• A Catholic priest came and tried to convert the native to Christian beliefs and habits.

• He was also looking for gold in the mountains.

European Explorers Come and Go

• Walter Raleigh Was a English explore.

• Him and his half brother Sir Humphrey Gilbert thought that they could find the Northwest Passage.

• The first try was stopped due to storm and the attacks by the Spanish.

• The second try Gilbert went and was lost at sea.

European Explorers Come and Go

• The next year Raleigh got another chance to go to the New World.

• Raleigh sent several expeditions over and settled in the New World.

• This settlement would become the famous Lost Colony.