NATIVE FISH AND FISH HABITATS IN GLEN AND GRAND CANYONS: THE ROLE OF THE PARIA RIVER
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Transcript of NATIVE FISH AND FISH HABITATS IN GLEN AND GRAND CANYONS: THE ROLE OF THE PARIA RIVER
NATIVE FISH AND FISH HABITATS IN GLEN AND GRAND CANYONS:THE ROLE OF THE PARIA RIVER
Larry Stevens Grand Canyon Wildlands Council, Inc.Museum of Northern Arizona, Flagstaff
DISCUSSION TOPICS
• Missing fish, missing habitat: is a new paradigm needed?• Ponding of CR tributary mouths during high flows• Geography of the lower Paria River• Historical fish presence in the Paria confluence• Relevance and design of experimental rearing ponds6. Next steps
ANIMAL SPECIES EXTIRPATED OR AT-RISK FROM THE GRAND CANYON REGION SINCE 1919
Kanab ambersnail Colorado pikeminnowRazorback suckerRoundtail chubBonytail chubHumpback chubNorthern leopard frogZebra-tailed lizardBurrowing owlCalifornia condor *Sage grouseYellow-billed cuckooPileated woodpeckerSouthwestern willow flycatcher
Prairie dogMuskratBadgerRiver otterJaguarGray WolfBlack bear ???Grizzly bearMiriam elk
NATIVE FISH OF THE COLORADO RIVER,GLEN AND GRAND CANYONS
TRIBUTARY MOUTH PONDINGDURING MAINSTREAM FLOODS
1. Stage of mainstream serves as dam, ponding trib mouth to that elevation
2. Timing = May-July, depending on mainstream hydrograph,a period with low likelihood of tributary high flows
3. Complex flows at mouth, but slow- to stalled flow in pond4. Productivity increases as suspended sediments drop
out of ponded water5. Likely favorable conditions for rapid growth of larval fish 6. Ponding process wholly eliminated by GC Dam and
flood control
Pre-dam (1922-1962)
UnrestrainedHydropowerProduction,1964-1990
MLFF, 1991-2011
Old Paria R. Gauge
New Paria R. Gauge
Lonely Dell Ranch
LF Gravel Pits
LF Launch Ramp
Paria River
GEOGRAPHY OF THE LOWER PARIA RIVER
Colorado R
iver
Old Crossing
Mormon Dam
Paria R. Mouth
50K cfs
100K cfs
150K cfs
200K cfs
Colorado PikeminnowRazorback Sucker
Bonytail Chub
NATIVE FISH IN LOWER PARIA RIVER1. Diaries and historical literature2. Interviews with historical resident: Spencer Johnson2. Discussion with Wendel Minckley, Robert Miller,
Robert Smith3. AGFD reports4. Other evidence –U. Michigan and other collections
Of changes known about native fish in Grand Canyon, extirpation of HBC, CPM, and RBS from the Paria R. confluenceis the well documented. The Paria River mouth area supportedthe second largest HBC population in Grand Canyon, andsubstantial populations of RBS and CPM; however, all ofthose populations have been extirpated.
Why has the role of the Paria River been ignored?
PARIA RIVER FLOWS AND WQ
1. Paria River flows well studied (Graf, Topping)Winter snowmelt from Bryce Canyon areaSummer monsoon floods, mid-late July – SeptemberHigh concentrations of fine sediments
2. Stage-related pond area survey needed3. Water quality
Some data availableFlow augmented by East Sevier transbasin diversionWater temperature upstream from Lonely Dell exceeds
98oF in mid-July, with low DO (fish kills occur)but SC and pH well within native fish tolerance range
Suggestion here is not to reintroduce native into the Paria River, but simply into experimental ponds at the mouth
Gravel Pits
LF LaunchRamp
Flow
LF Road
NEEDS AND USES FOR PARIA MOUTH EXPERIMENAL PONDS
1. Ready access2. Excellent research opportunities3. Inexpensive4. Expendable / replaceable if high flows occur5. Low maintenance6. Relatively easy compliance7. Inconspicuous - minimal impact on visiting public8. Excellent public education and outreach opportunities9. May be a tool to restore native fish ranges where
HBC were formerly abundant
NEED TO DETERMINE: Sequence of actions, experimentsNumber of ponds = replicationDesign specifics
Paria
River Ponds
Shallows
Shallows
Deeper Area,with structure
ColoradoRiver inflow
Shallowgravels
To Paria River
RESEARCH POND DESIGN ELEMENTS
Gates
Gates
Pond Lining Footprint
20’
15’
Paria R inflow
Gate
RESEARCH TOPICS THAT MAY BE ADDRESSEDWITH SUITABLE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
FOR HBC OR OTHER NATIVE FISH
1. Turbidity and predation2. Competition with native and non-native species at
different life stages3. Foodbase responses4. Thermal influences on growth5. In-system propagation6. Dispersal behavior of stock7. Other research topics
HOW TO MOVE FORWARD
Conduct a feasibility study, including compilation of background information
Develop pond and experimental design with appropriate collaborators (AGFD, USFWS, NPS)
Secure funding with participating organizationsConduct compliance (NPS, FWS, AGFD, SHPO, BLM)Develop and implement outreach programConduct pilot program on FMSUndertake an HBC rearing projectEvaluate, proceed with other spp, improve as indicated
How can RBT coexist with native fish in Shinumo Creek?
What is the role of competition across fish life stages?
Why is the foodbase in Tapeats Creek so different
OTHER FISHERIES QUESTIONS
50K
100K
150K
200K
Old Paria R. Gauge
New Paria R. Gauge
Lonely Dell Ranch
LF Gravel Pits
LF Launch Ramp
Paria River
Colorado R
iver