NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STATISTICS · 2019-05-29 · 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Bhutan...

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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STATISTICS

NSDS 2019-23

NATIONAL STATISTICS BUREAU

Royal Government of Bhutan

STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK

May 2019

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LIST OF ACRONYMS

ADB Asian Development Bank

BCCI Bhutan Chamber of Commerce and Industry

FAO Food and Agriculture Organization

GDDS General Data Dissemination System

GDP Gross Domestic Product

GPMD Government Performance Monitoring Division

GPMS Government Performance Monitoring System

GNHC Gross National Happiness Commission

IMF International Monetary Fund

MoAF Ministry of Agriculture and Forests

MoE Ministry of Education

MoH Ministry of Health

MoF Ministry of Finance

MoLHR Ministry of Labor and Human Resources

MoIC Ministry of Information and Communication

MoEA Ministry of Economic Affairs

NCWC National Commission for Women and Children

NEC National Environment Commission

NSB National Statistics Bureau

NSDS National Strategy for the Development of Statistics

NSS National Statistical System

OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

PARIS21 Partnership in Statistics for Development in the 21st Century

RBP Royal Bhutan Police

RCSC Royal Civil Service Commission

RGoB Royal Government of Bhutan

RMA Royal Monetary Authority

SDGs Sustainable Development Goals

TCB Tourism Council of Bhutan

UNDP United Nations Development Program

UNICEF United Nations Children‟s Fund

WB World Bank

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FOREWORD

The current NSDS (2019-23) wasinitiated to streamline and strengthenthenational statistical system. This NSDS is prepared with assistance from PARIS-21.It is consistent with the overall development vision of Gross National Happiness as statistics plays an important role in the formulation of policies, plans and monitoring of the programs.The NSDS formulation process comprised two phases namely, the Data Needs Assessment and the design of the Strategy itself. The NSDS once implemented will address some of the precarious issues and challenges such and data duplication and inconsistencies that Bhutan Statistical System (BSS) is facing today. It is for this reason that the Government recognizes the critical need for good, reliable and timely official statistics. This would guide Government to make informed decisions in formulating policies and programs on critical issues such as prudent economic management, good governance, poverty reduction, improved living conditions and ultimately narrowing the gap between rich and poor. There are other users besides Government who often demand statistics for various purposes. These statistics come from multiple sources such as the National Statistics Bureau (NSB), Government ministries, public sector institutions, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) and to some extent from private sector institutions. All these diverse institutions producing and using statistics are collectively part of the BSS. The current BSS in the country has limited capacity and is not effectively coordinated and harmonised. This strategy is an important step by the Government to restructure the BSS so that it becomes more responsive to efficient production and usage of statistics. As the custodian of national statistics, the NSB will play a crucial role in coordinating and harmonising the BSS. However, this is possible only when the role of NSB itself is redefined within the framework of a broader BSS that is underpinned by statistical legislation. The Government has prepared this NSDS which considers capacity building and prioritized statistical work programs for the entire BSS to provide a conducive framework for strengthening statistical system in the country. I urge all members of the Bhutan Statistical System (BSS) to ensure that the NSDS is fully and successfully implemented. As Government, we shall endeavor to provide the necessary support in order to ensure the successful implementation of the NSDS.

(Dr. LotayTshering)

Prime Minister

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION-I .................................................................................................................................. 1

1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 1

1.1. Bhutan Statistical System (BSS)........................................................................................... 1

1.2. National Strategy for Development of Statistics (NSDS) ..................................................... 1

1.3. Data Assessment ................................................................................................................ 2

2. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ................................................................................................... 2

2.1. Economic, social and policy context ................................................................................... 2

2.2. The 12th Five Year Plan (2018 - 23) .................................................................................. 3

2.3. Milestones and outputs of the NSDS 2014-18 .................................................................... 5

2.4. State of the Bhutan Statistical System ................................................................................. 8

3. NSDS (2019-23) STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK ....................................................................... 8

3.1. Vision ................................................................................................................................. 8

3.2. Mission ............................................................................................................................... 9

3.3. Statistical framework .......................................................................................................... 9

4. NSDS IMPLEMENTATION PLAN ........................................................................................ 18

4.1. Implementation Plans to achieve Strategic Outcome 1 .................................................... 19




SECTION-II ............................................................................................................................... 24

5. DATA ASSESSMENT .......................................................................................................... 24

5.1. Background....................................................................................................................... 24

5.2. Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 24

5.3. Assessmentapproach ....................................................................................................... 25

5.4. Data assessment process.................................................................................................. 26

5.5. Limitationsand challenges ................................................................................................ 30

5.6. Assessment findings ........................................................................................................ 31

5.7. Observations and way forward ....................................................................................... 42

REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................ 43

ANNEXURE: ............................................................................................................................. 45

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SECTION-I

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Bhutan Statistical System (BSS)

Bhutan recognized the importance of statistical information for development planning and monitoring with the start of five year development plans in the early 1960s. A Statistical Cell was established within the Ministry of Development in 1971. It was later expanded and upgraded as a Central Statistical Organization (CSO) in 1979 in the erstwhile Planning Commission. In its efforts to strengthen the statistical system in the country, the Government centralized the statistical system in 1990. However, centralized statistical system could not achieve its desired objectives as the financial and human resources were not transferred along with the mandates and subsequently, the statistical system was decentralized in 1998.

With the major change in the governance structure in 2003, the CSO was granted an autonomous status and it was re-named as the National Statistics Bureau (NSB). NSB functions as the central authority for the collection and release of any official data, and their custodian as per the Government executive order issued in May 2006.

The implementation of the Government Performance Management System (GPMS) noted that there isa conflict of interest in ministries/agencies reporting their achievements/performance based on self-generated data. As such, as a strategic intervention to enhance coordination and to objectively measure achievements/performances of the respective ministries/agencies, all statistical personnel in ministries/agencies were brought under the parenting framework of the NSB (Bhutan Civil Service Rules and Regulations 2018).

1.2. National Strategy for Development of Statistics (NSDS)

The National Strategy for Development of Statistics (NSDS) is an instrument used to strengthen and develop the national statistical system. The NSB has been preparing NSDS documents since 2008. The first NSDS was prepared in2008 and the second in December 2014. The past NSDS focused on improving statistical products and services. However, due to lack of statistical legislation and resources in particular, many of the statistical plans and programs envisioned in these documents were not implemented.

The current NSDS (2019-23)was initiated with assistance from PARIS-21 to improvecoordination and strengthen capacity of the Bhutan Statistical System (BSS). The NSDS is consistent with the overall development vision of Gross National

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Happiness as statistics plays an important role in the formulation of policies, plans and monitoring of the programs.

An important step in the NSDS process is a multi-dimensional assessment of statistics that analyzes the data users, their needs, quality of data and other statistical outputs. The current NSDS 2019-23 reviewed the past documents, incorporated the needs in response to the growing demands for statistics for planning and decision making in the government. The multi sectoral task force led by NSB with technical support of PARIS-21 convened several rounds of meetings and workshops in the formulation of the document. The NSDS 2019-23 also incorporated lessons learnt and experiences from the implementation of the earlier NSDSand further made revisions based on the best practices of other countries. The NSDS complements the data ecosystem mapping exercise, which assessed the data gaps and challenges being faced by the BSS.

1.3. Data Assessment

In June 2018, the Bhutan statistical system with support from PARIS21 carried a comprehensive data assessment in addition to statistical capacity assessment. Such data assessment was aimed to identify more specific issues with the data and inform the priority areas for improvement in the statistical system for effective use of statistics for monitoring and evaluation of the plan, particularly the National Key Result Areas (NKRAs) and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). The specific data issues which were identified through the assessment exercise were major inputs into the preparation of the current NSDS 2019-23. Thedetails of the assessment and its findings are presented in section 2 of this report.

2. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS

2.1. Economic, social and policy context

The NSDS document was developed with focus on the current and emerging economic and social conditions in the country. A reliable, relevant and timely statistics are critical for evidence based decision making. Therefore, the objectives and strategic framework of the document considers the need of the government, policy makers, researchers and academicians for quality statistics.

a. The Bhutan economy and society

Bhutan is one of the smallest countries and a growing economy in the world. The economy on an average grew by 7% in the last two decades. The national accounts statistics for 2017 recorded GDP of Nu. 164,627.92 million from Nu.97,452.96 million in 2012. The per capita GDP has grown from US$ 2,532.77 in 2012 to US$ 3,438.16

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in 2017. The economy remains largely driven by electricity and service sector, particularly tourism. The share of electricity and service sectors to the overall GDP in 2017 was 13.22% and 42% respectively.

Bhutan continues to maintain strong economic performance and it is projected to grow on an average by almost 5% in next five years (12th FYP). However, poverty and youth unemployment remain a serious concern for the country. There are 8.2% of the total population that still live below the national poverty line. According to Bhutan Poverty Analysis Report 2017 (PAR 2017), the poverty in rural area is relatively higher with almost 12% compared to urban area. The high poverty in rural area may be due to lower level of agricultural productivity, limited access to markets and poor road infrastructure. Although Bhutan is experiencing positive economic growth, the country is facing rising inflation and unemployment. In 2017, the inflation recorded was almost 5%. The overall unemployment rate was estimated at 3.1% in 2017, mostly concentrated among younger age groupof 15-24 years (12.3%).

2.2. The 12th Five Year Plan (2018 - 23)

a. Objectives

The objective of the 12th Five Year Plan (FYP) is to achieve a “Just, Harmonious and Sustainable Society through enhanced Decentralization.” The objective has been inspired by the Royal Addresses and is anchored on the provisions of the Constitution; lessons from the review of the 11th FYP; extensive stakeholder consultations including Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) and political parties, and regional and international commitments including the SDGs. The 12th FYP objective is underpinned by principles of leaving no one behind, narrowing the gap between the rich and poor, and ensuring equity and justice.

b. Strategic Framework

The 12th FYP is guided by the development philosophy of Gross National Happiness (GNH). Key deliverables of the Plan have been identified as National Key Result Areas (NKRAs) at national level, Agency Key Result Areas (AKRAs) at agency level and Local Government Key Result Areas (LGKRAs) at local government level. These results will contribute to achieving the 12th FYP Objective. To measure progress of these results, each NKRA, AKRA and LGKRA has corresponding Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) with baseline and targets for the Plan period.

c. Priorities

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Since 12th FYP will be the last plan before graduating from the list of Least Developed Countries (LDCs) in 2023, the key priorities are:

Addressing the last mile challenges such as reaching the unreached; improving quality of health and education services; poverty reduction; narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor; and addressing needs of vulnerable group (senior citizens, disabled persons, orphans, etc.);

Strengthening the economy through economic diversification and employment generation particularly for youth;

Mainstreaming preservation and promotion of culture and traditions; conservation and sustainable utilization of environment and strengthening good governance; and

Consolidation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and investing more on softer aspects of development such as human resources (particularly doctors, nurses, teachers, technicians etc.) and systems.

d. Aligning NSDS with 12th FYP

The National Statistics Bureau (NSB) being the custodian of statistics will support the government through production of statistics that will facilitate and enable the government in achieving the 12th FYP targets. The framework provides a concrete reference of the essential indicators and statistics that need to be produced by the statistical system. Specifically, the 12th FYP articulates the outcomes and outputs that need to be achieved in the next five years in order to achieve greater well-being and increased happiness for the people of Bhutan. The plan sets out strategies and activities to realize the Plan Objective of a “Just, Harmonious and Sustainable Society” through seventeen National key Result Areas (NKRAs) toward the enduring vision of Gross National Happiness (GNH). The 17 NKRAs are:

NKRA 1 – Macroeconomic stability ensured; NKRA 2 – Economic diversity and productivity enhanced; NKRA 3 – Poverty eradicated and inequality reduced; NKRA 4 – Culture and traditions preserved and promoted; NKRA 5 – Healthy ecosystem services maintained; NKRA 6 – Carbon-neutral, climate and disaster resilient development enhanced; NKRA 7 – Quality of education and skills improved; NKRA 8 – Water, food, and nutrition security ensured; NKRA 9 – Infrastructure, communication and public service delivery improved; NKRA 10 – Gender equality promoted; women and girls empowered; NKRA 11 – Productive and gainful employment created; NKRA 12 – Corruption reduced;

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NKRA 13 – Democracy and decentralization strengthened; NKRA 14 – Healthy and caring society enhanced; NKRA 15 – Livability, safety and sustainability of human settlements improved; NKRA 16 – Justice services and institutions strengthened and; NKRA 17 – Sustainable water ensured.

The 12th FYP adopted the „nine domain‟ approach of the GNH to guide the planning framework for attaining the national development goals including integrated sustainable development goals and other international and regional commitments relevant and valuable to Bhutan. The nine domains are: living standards; health; education; ecological diversity and resilience, good governance, community vitality; culture; time use and psychological wellbeing.

2.3. Milestones and outputs of the NSDS 2014-18

The NSDS 2014-18 provides a framework and action plan for building Bhutan‟s statistical capacity to meet both current and future data needs. The NSDS envisioned the BSS as „a well-coordinated system that professionally produces timely, reliable, accurate, consistent Official Statistics for supporting evidence-based planning and decision making to achieve overarching development vision of the Gross National Happiness. The NSDS laid out five strategic objectives that are aimed to contribute to the achievement of the vision supported by specific objectives and action plans. Several interventions and milestones relating to the attainment of the strategic objectives are presented and analyzed below: a. Strategic Objective 1: Develop and implement a legal and policy framework

for the development of Official Statistics

The legal and policy framework for official statistics in Bhutan has remained inadequate as the Statistics Bill, initiated since the first NSDS, has not been officially endorsed. Statistical operations continue to be governed primarily by the executive order issued in 2006. The NSB, on a directive of the Prime Minister and with support from PARIS21 reviewed the BSS in 2016. In 2017, Data Ecosystem Mapping was carried out with the support of UN Agenciestoassess the statistical system. This was followed by an organizational development exercise by the Royal Civil Service Commission (RCSC). All the three assessments have recommended the need of a statistical legislation among others. b. Strategic Objective 2: Develop the BSS staff efficiency and career

satisfaction

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The RCSC has approved the „parenting of statistical services‟ by the NSB. The parenting approach has been recommended by the review of the BSS and has since been included in the 2018 Bhutan Civil Service Rules and Regulations (BCSR). The „statistical parenting‟ arrangement has authorized the competency development, successionplanning, career path, HRD planning, staffing standards, service delivery standards and transfer of statistical officers in the Ministries/Agencies/Dzongkhags. These will facilitate improvement of data comparability and consistency among multiple sources. The creation of a dedicated Statistics Division in the Ministry of Agriculture and Forests (MoAF) is a significant development in the BSS. Although, NSB has initiated the capacity need assessment, due to lack of financial resources, the long term human resource capacity has not been achieved. c. Strategic Objective 3: Make an efficient use of the technical and financial

resources across the BSS

Aside from the approval of the parenting arrangement and efforts undertaken to provide independent budget for the Dzongkhag statistical offices, other initiatives to improve efficiency in the use of technical and financial resources in the BSS has not been achieved. d. Strategic Objective 4: Increase the Official Statistics availaibility to fulfill

the user needs

The conduct of the Population and Housing Census of Bhutan (PHCB) and Bhutan Living Standards Survey (BLSS) in 2017 have significantly increased availability of new and up-to-date data for many users in the country. The first Economic Census was conducted in 2018. These surveys and censuses will address long-standing data-gaps and provide many important statistical indicators. At least 17 censuses and surveys were completed during the period as follows:

Census / Survey Agency

Population and Housing Census of Bhutan 2017 NSB

Bhutan Living Standards Survey 2017 NSB

Economic Census of Bhutan 2018 NSB

Targeted Household Poverty Program Survey GNHC

Enterprise Survey MoEA

Gross National Happiness Survey CBS & GNH Studies

Rural Economy Advancement Program Survey GNHC

Job Prospecting Survey MoLHR

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Labor Force Survey MoLHR

Agriculture Survey MoAF

Tourism Exit Survey TCB

Tourism Outbound Survey TCB

Domestic Survey TCB

Tourism Industry Survey TCB

Tourism Employment Survey TCB

Violence Against Children Study NCWC

Violence Against Women/Girls Study NCWC

The use of administrative data has been boosted by the inclusion of mandatory statistical indicators in the Annual Performance Agreements (APA) of the Dzongkhags under the Government Performance Monitoring System (GPMS). Similar indicators have yet to be identified for the ministries and central agencies. However, administrative data continued to be collected, compiled and published by the designated ministries, agencies and dzongkhags with persistent data quality concerns while improvements were minimal and limited in a few sectors such as health and vital registration. A pilot Quarterly Household Expenditure Survey has been conducted to support the compilation of quarterly gross domestic product with some challenges including data inconsistencies and disaggregation of estimates by Dzongkhag. In line with streamlining of data flow within the BSS and to some extent promoting harmonization of concepts and classifications, NSB has drafted a data reporting guideline based on a concept proposed in the data ecosystem mapping report (December 2017) as recommended by the 2017 organizational development exercise.

e. Strategic Objective 5: Offer the users an easier access to the data

NSB has initiated the formulation of a microdata dissemination policy as an offshoot of the Advanced Data Program implemented by NSB with support from PARIS21. While the GNHC has approved the concept note, the draft policy is yet to be submitted. NSB has implemented national data archiving to make metadata of surveys and census conducted in the BSS more accessible to users. Efforts have been made to develop a common metadata dictionary. In 2017, Bhutan has implemented the International Monetary Fund‟s enhanced general data dissemination system (e-GDDS) to provide policy makers and other stakeholders with easy and simultaneous access to timely, essential macroeconomic data critical for monitoring economic conditions and policies. The National Summary Data Page (NSDP) for the e-GDDS is managed by the NSB beginning 2016 and utilizes the Statistical Data and Metadata Exchange (SDMX) making Bhutan among

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the first countries in the Asia and Pacific region to implement the e-GDDS recommendations.

2.4. State of the Bhutan Statistical System

At present, the ministries and agencies collect sector specific data for planning and monitoring purposes. A number of statistical activities are being carried out by various agencies, but mostly on ad-hoc basis. This resulted in a lot of data gaps, data inconsistencies, duplication of efforts, waste of limited resources, and respondent burden, that often lead to conflicting data estimates and confusions thereof. Although BSS has made considerable improvement over the years, some of the data issues and challenges still persist. This is confirmed through the assessments such as that of In-depth Country Assessment of Renewable Natural Resources Statistics; Data ecosystem mapping; Review of the BSS; Organizational Development Exercise; and NSDS Stakeholder Consultations. It was found that there is lack of common data standards and weak coordination among data producers and users which could be addressed through the statistical legislation.

The statistical activities do not receive priority as compared to other activities of the government due to resource constraints. Hence, most of the surveys and censuses are funded by development partners and are ad-hoc in nature often leading to difficulty in planning of statistical activities. The challenges could be addressed if the system of designated statistics could be funded by the government.

While the government has made reasonable investment in human resource development in the BSS, there still lacks subject matter specialist in specific fields. A competency framework and capacity assessment of the BSS (both in numbers and competency) needs to be carried out.

3. NSDS (2019-23) STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK

The strategic framework presents the proposed basic structure for the medium-term plan for the development of statistics in Bhutan. It articulates the shared understanding of the mission and vision of the Bhutan statistical system, and more importantly, the strategic and specific outcomes and key outputs toward the attainment of the vision for the fiscal years 2019-23.

3.1. Vision

To provide Quality and timely statistics for evidence based policy and decision making

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3.2. Mission

Provide timely, relevant and reliable statistics, consistent with international principles and standards.

3.3. Statistical framework

The statistical framework shall provide key indicators for the measurement of development outcomes and outputs in support of results-based management, especially monitoring and evaluation of national development goals and sustainable development goals. A detailed statistical framework is developed based on the recommendations of an in-depth data assessment.

The framework presents the strategic and specific outcomes toward the attainment of the vision as well as the key contributing outputs, timeline of delivery, and owners and duty bearers.

a. StrategicOutcome 1: Statistical Legislation Enacted

A statistical legislation provides authority for the collection, compilation, production and dissemination of statistics in the country. 1. Specific outputs

a. Statistics Bill enacted

Review and improve scope and clarity of relevant provisions of the statistics bill (including resource allocation, partnerships, innovation, and local level statistics); and advocate support for the proposed legislation among key stakeholders of statistics.

b. Rules and regulations prepared and enforced Consult, review and develop the delegated legislations including translation into Dzongkha (rules and regulations in consultation with the OAG)

c. Advocacy for Statistics Bill and Rules and regulations conducted Conduct advocacy programs on the statistical legislation for data producers, users and the general public.

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1. Key outputs to achieve strategic outcome 1

Outcome Output Description Activities

Sta

tistica

l le

gis

latio

n e

na

cte

d

Statistics Bill

enacted

Review and improve

scope and clarity of

relevant provisions of

the pending statistics

bill (including resource

allocation,

partnerships,

innovation, and local

level statistics); and

advocate support for

the proposed

legislation among key

stakeholders of

statistics

Develop and submit the

legislative proposal to the

Cabinet Secretariat

Review and submit the

Regulatory Impact Assessment

Report to the Cabinet in

consultation with the OAG

Develop the drafting work plan

including drafting instructions,

policy background, explanatory

notes for legislation in

consultation with the OAG

Review and consult the draft

Bill with relevant stakeholders

including translation (TA/OAG)

Rules and

regulations

prepared and

enforced

Consult, review and

develop the delegated

legislations including

translation into

Dzongkha (rules and

regulations in

consultation with the

OAG)

Consult, review and develop

the delegated legislations

including translation into

Dzongkha (rules and

regulations in consultation with

the OAG)

Advocacy for

Statistics Bill

and Rules

and

regulations

conducted

Conduct advocacy

programs on the

statistical legislation

for data producers,

users and the general

public.

Conduct Advocacy programs of

the statistical legislations

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b. Strategic Outcome 2: A Better-Informed Society

Stakeholders increasingly use statistics in critical areas of governance, with

increased user trust and confidence. It will contribute to building a culture of using

data to create knowledge that inform the decisions and actions.

1. Specific outputs

a. Statistical publications improved and updated

Develop new and update/improve existing publications and disseminate on a

regular and more predictable manner official statistics for general and specific

purposes and relevant stakeholder groups.

b. Dissemination policy and standards for data, micro-data and metadata defined and

standardized

Define the policy, standards, format and approaches for the management and

dissemination of data, micro-data and metadata for users.

c. Data portal established

Establish a data portal with improved data access to facilitate users, supported by

references and guides on available data resources.

d. Enhanced data literacy

Conduct trainings/workshops and advocacy on importance and use of statistics for

development planning.

e. Data user satisfaction report published

Conduct user satisfaction survey to gather feedback/comments from stakeholders

on the statistical products and services to inform strategies and plans for

improvement.

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f. Use of ICT for data dissemination enhanced

Disseminate statistical information highlights through online systems and other ICT

platforms such as social media.



BE

TT

ER

IN

FO

RM

ED

SO

CIE

TY

Statistical

publications

improved and

updated

Develop new and

update/improve

existing publications

and disseminate on

a regular and more

predictable manner

official statistics for

general and specific

purposes and

relevant stakeholder

groups

Rebasing of Consumer Price

Index

Rebasing of National Accounts

Review regular publications

(SYB, ADS, GLD, DAG, NAS,

EAS, PPI, etc.)

Publish Export and Import

Index

Publish Construction Material

Index

Publish Waste Statistics

Dissemination

policy and

standards for

data,

microdata, and

metadata

defined and

standardized

Define the policy,

standards, format

and approaches for

the management

and dissemination of

data, micro-data and

metadata for users.

Draft, consult and finalize

General Data Dissemination

guidelines/standards (TA

support)

Review the Microdata

Dissemination Policy and

submit to the Cabinet

Data portal

established

Establish a data

portal with improved

data access to

facilitate users,

supported by

references and

guides on available

data resources.

Assess the existing webpage

with DITT, MoIC

Build capacity to manage the

webpage

Create an improved

multilingual NSB webpage

Data literacy

enhanced

Conduct

trainings/workshops

and advocacy on

Coordinate and conduct the

trainings on statistics/statistical

analysis/statistical

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importance and use

of statistics for

development

planning.

tools/economic data

Conduct data literacy programs

(workshop, media, quiz, etc)

Data user

satisfaction

report

published

Conduct user

satisfaction survey

to gather

feedback/comments

from stakeholders

on the statistical

products and

services to inform

strategies and plans

for improvement

Plan and design questionnaire

including CAPI

Collect data from the field

Clean data

Write report

Use of ICT for

data

dissemination

enhanced

Disseminate

statistical

information

highlights through

online systems and

other ICT platforms

such as social

media.

Disseminate statistical

information highlights through

social media (including

capacity development)

Maintain NSB social media

page

c. StrategicOutcome 3: Improved Data Quality

Data collected, compiled and disseminated within the established quality assurance

framework in line with international standards and practices.

1. Specific outputs

a. Data assessment conducted

Undertake data assessment to identify data gaps and specific data requirements.

b. Surveys and censuses integrated Develop annual statistical calendar including advance release calendar to minimize respondent burden, avoid duplication of data and waste of resources.

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c. Data quality assurance framework improved and standards developed

Review and improve the existing data quality assurance framework to align with UN data quality assurance framework notwithstanding the needs of the BSS. Assess and compile administrative data in priority sectors in accordance with the data quality assurance framework. Further, develop and enforce national standards and classifications for statistics.

d. Enhanced use of ICT for improved data production

Promote the use of ICT for collection, compilation, processing, validation and production of statistics.



IMP

RO

VE

D Q

UA

LIT

Y O

F D

AT

A

Data

assessment

conducted

Undertake data

assessment to identify

data gaps and specific

data requirements

Institute an Internal Task

Force Members, Multi-Sectoral

Task Force Members and

liaise with Development

partners for the support

Develop Terms of Reference

for the Internal Task Force

Members (ITF), Multi-Sectoral

Task Force Members (MSTF)

and the Consultant

Conduct data gap

assessment, validate and

finalize in consultation with the

ITF and MSTF

Surveys and

censuses

integrated

Develop annual

statistical calendar

including advance

release calendar to

minimize respondent

burden, avoid

duplication of data and

waste of resources.

Develop annual statistical

calendar including advance

release calendar (coordination

workshop/meetings)

Review and implement Survey

clearance/monitor compliance

(Review of SOP)

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Data quality

assurance

framework

improved and

standards

developed

Review and improve

the existing data quality

assurance framework to

align with UN data

quality assurance

framework

notwithstanding the

needs of the BSS.

Assess and compile

administrative data in

priority sectors in

accordance with the

data quality assurance

framework. Further,

develop and enforce

national standards and

classifications for

statistics.

Review and align the

Guidelines for conduct of

surveys/census as per the

United Nation Statistics

Division (UNSD) Quality

Assurance Framework (QAF)

Conduct workshops to

disseminate the Survey

standards (the Guidelines for

conduct of surveys)

Update frame (listing/mapping)

Develop Bhutan Statistical

codes of practice-

(concepts/definitions/codes)

Geographic codes –(Country,

Dzongkhag, Area,

Gewog/Town, Chiwog/EAs),

Demographic Codes -

(Gender, Age, Relationship,

Marital Status, Disability,

Language and Religion)

Educational Attendance and

Qualification, Training Level,

Employment - Type and

Nature, Enterprise Type,

Housing Type - Material of

roof, wall, and floor, room,

water and sanitation, Income

Source, etc., Distance of the

households from service

facilities, Sources of lightning

and Cooking, Land Category.

Develop Bhutan Standard

Industrial Classification (BSIC)

Develop Bhutan Central

Product Classification (BCPC)

Develop Bhutan Standard

Classification of Occupations

(BSCO)

Develop Standard

Guidelines and

Procedures (SGP)

Review guidelines for

collection of gewog-level

database

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consistent with the data

quality assurance

framework for the

collection, validation,

and reporting of data at

the local level for the

compilation of selected

indicators. Eg. ADS and

gewog database.

Review and initiate the

collection of data at the urban

areas

Assess and compile

administrative-based

data in priority sectors

in accordance with the

national data quality

assurance framework

Draft, consult and finalize the

common/harmonized format

and data sharing mechanism

for national accounts,

statistical year book,

environment accounts, etc.

Enhanced use

of ICT for

improved data

production

Promote the use of ICT

for collection,

compilation,

processing, validation

and production of

statistics.

Conduct scoping mission to

study the feasibility of setting

up of the ICT systems (TA)

Set up server to support

survey and census data

collection (Physical and

software info to be included)

Adopt and host online data

collection System at NSB

Develop capacity to set-up and

manage the system (through

TA)

Develop Capacity for effective

Data visualization

Assess, define and develop

one Micro-data archiving and

dissemination system

Disseminate official statistics

through both hard

(publications) and soft (excel

format).

d. Strategic Outcome 4: Strong StatisticalInstitutions

The BSS is strengthened with assured financial resources complimented by

adequate and competent manpower in key areas of statistics.

17

1. Specific outputs

a. Human resource management and development strategy developed and

implemented Design and implement the human resource management and development strategy to strengthen capacities of statistical personnel.

b. Coordination enhanced Establish a strong coordination mechanism between the data producers and users for statistical activities.

c. NSDS for 2023 – 2028 developed Prepare next NSDS for the 13th Five Year Plan period.



ST

RO

NG

ST

AT

IST

ICA

L I

NS

TIT

UT

ION

Human

resource

management

and

development

strategy

developed

and

implemented

Design and

implement the

human resource

management and

development

strategy to

strengthen

capacities of

statistical personnel.

Review, consult and implement the

Parenting Framework (Transfer

Guideline and coordination

mechanism - incase the statistics

legislations are not enacted)

Develop HR Master Plan

(Requirement, Competency

Framework -TA - and succession

planning)

Coordination

enhanced

Establish a strong

coordination

mechanism between

the data producers

and users for

statistical activities.

Conduct coordination workshops

(Annual Dzongkhag Statistics for

harmonization with Gewog

Database, Consumer Price Index,

National Accounts, Environmental

Accounts, Statistical Year Book,

Social Statistics, Annual Statistics

Calendar/Advanced Release

Calendar, etc.)

18

NSDS for

2023 – 2028

developed

NSDS for the 13th

Five Year Plan

prepared

Institute a Internal Task Force

Members, Multi-Sectoral Task Force

Members and liaise with the

Development partners for the

support

Develop Terms of Reference for the

Internal Task Force Members (ITF),

Multi-Sectoral Task Force Members

(MSTF) and the Consultant

Draft, validate and finalize the NSDS

in consultation with the ITF and

MSTF

Endorse and advocate for

implementation of the NSDS

4. NSDS IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

The NSDS 2019-23 provides supplementary implementation plan for four different strategic outcomes. Such implementation plans were felt necessary to realize and achieve strategic outcomes. Theimplementation plans are organized in matrix by strategic outcomes. Each strategic outcomes with specific activities, sub-activities, indicative cost, timeline and the responsible agency for implementation are identified.

19

4.1. Implementation Plans to achieve Strategic Outcome 1

Outcome Output Description Activities Sub-Activities Indicative Cost

(Nu. in mill.) Timeline

Lead Division Responsible

Key Collaborating

Agencies

BE

TT

ER

IN

FO

RM

ED

SO

CIE

TY

Statistical publications improved and updated

Develop new and update/improve existing publications and disseminate on a regular and more predictable manner official statistics for general and specific purposes and relevant stakeholder groups

Update/Improve existing publications

Rebasing of Consumer Price Index EESD, NSB NSB & RAs

Rebasing of National Accounts EESD, NSB NSB & RAs

Review regular publications (SYB, ADS, GLD, DAG, NAS, EAS, PPI, etc)

0.200 2019-2023 Respective Divisions

NSB Divisions & RAs

Initiate new publications

Publish Export and Import Index 2019-2020 EESD, NSB DRC, MoF& RAs

Publish Construction Material Index 2020-2023 EESD, NSB MoEA, MoWHS& RAs

Publish Waste Statistics 4.000 2019-2020 EESD, NSB NEC, WWF & RAs

Dissemination policy and standards for data, microdata, and metadata defined and standardized

Define the policy, standards, format, and approaches for the management and dissemination of data, microdata, and metadata to users (including terms of use, single dissemination gateway, etc.)

Develop General Data Dissemination Guidelines

Draft, consult and finalize General Data Dissemination guidelines/standards (TA support)

0.250 2019-2020 CIARD/NSB NSB Divisions & RAs

Develop Microdata Dissemination Policy

Review the Microdata Dissemination Policy and submit to the Cabinet

0.500 2021-2022 SDPD, NSB Cabinet Secretariat

Coordinated data portal established

Establish a coordinated information system and improved data access points to facilitate users, supported by references and guides on available data resources in the country (data, database, and other statistical products and services)

Establish a coordinated data webpage on NSB's website

Assess the existing webpage with DITT, MoIC

0.500 2019-2020 ICT, NSB DITT, MoIC

Build capacity to manage the webpage

Create an improved multilingual NSB webpage

Data literacy and user capacity development program developed

Develop tools to assist stakeholders improve understanding, expand knowledge, and learn skills on basic and advanced data analysis and applications for more effective use of statistics

Conduct training on statistics for priority user groups

Coordinate and conduct the trainings on statistics/statistical analysis/statistical tools/economic data

3.500 2019 - 2023 CIARD, NSB Respective NSB Divisions to design training courses

Conduct data literacy programs (workshop, media, quiz, etc.)

2.500 2019 -2023 CIARD, NSB

Data user satisfaction report published

Conduct user satisfaction survey to gather feedback/comments from stakeholders on the statistical products and services to inform strategies and plans for improvement

Conduct Data User Satisfaction Survey

Plan and design questionnaire including CAPI

5.000

2022-2023

SDPD, NSB SOs, LGs Collect data from the field 2022-2023

Clean data 2022-2023

Publish report 2022-2023

ICT applications for data dissemination and communication developed

Develop online, social media, and mobile applications that facilitate easy access to data by users

Develop ICT applications for data dissemination and communication

Disseminate statistical information highlights through social media (including capacity development)

2.500 2019-2023

ICT, NSB

DITT, MoIC, SOs, All divisions of NSB

Maintain NSB social media page 1.500 2019-2023

20.450

20





Key Collaborating

Agencies

IMP

RO

VE

D Q

UA

LIT

Y O

F D

AT

A

Data assessment report developed

Undertake a data assessment to analyze data gaps and identify specific data and/or quality dimensions of data for improvement

Carry out data assessment to analyze data gaps for the 13th Five Year Plan

Institute an Internal Task Force Members, Multi-Sectoral Task Force Members and laise with Development partners for the support

1.200

Jan-22 PPS, NSB NSB, ITF, MSTF

Develop Terms of Reference for the Internal Task Force Members (ITF), Multi-Sectoral Task Force Members (MSTF) and the Consultant


Conduct data gap assessment, validate and finalize in consultation with the ITF and MSTF


Survey program Integrated and rationalized

Coordinate the design, integration, management, and implementation of censuses and surveys in the country to improve coherence and consistency of data and to rationalize and maximize resources for statistics

Develop an integrated and rationalized survey program (see Annex B – List and status of censuses and surveys in Bhutan)

Develop annual statistical calendar including advance release calendar (coordination workshop/meetings)

2019-23 SDPD, NSB NSB & RAs

Review and implement Survey clearance/monitor compliance (Review of SOP)

1.000 2019-23 SDPD, NSB NSB & RAs

Comprehensive data quality assurance framework developed

Develop a comprehensive data quality assurance framework to establish policies, standards, methodologies, processes, protocols, and guidelines for ensuring quality of data from censuses, surveys, and administrative based data systems

Develop Quality Assurance Framework (DQAF) for statistical activities and outputs, including administrative based data (collection, entry, and analysis)

Review and align the Guidelines for conduct of surveys/census as per the United Nation Statistics Division (UNSD) Quality Assurance Framework (QAF)

2021-22 SDPD, NSB SDPD & CAIRD, NSB & DITT, MoIC

Conduct workshops to disseminate the Survey standards (the Guidelines for conduct of surveys)

0.600 2019-23 SDPD, NSB NSB & RAs

Update frame (listing/mapping) 32.5 2022 SDPD, NSB NSB

Update/new standard classifications for statistical purposes, including geographic code, school type, etc. (e.g. Bhutan Standard Industrial Classification - BSIC etc..)

Develop Bhutan Statistical codes of practice (concepts/definitions/codes) (Geographic codes - Country, Dzongkhag, Area, Gewog/Town, Chiwog/EAs), Demographic Codes - (Gender, Age, Relationship, Marital Status, Disability, Language and Religion) Educational Attendance and Qualification, Training Level, Employment - Type and Nature, Enterprise Type, Housing Type - Material of roof, wall, and floor, room, water and sanitation, Income Source, etc., Distance of the households from service facilities, Sources of lightning and Cooking, Land Category.

0.7 2019 -23 SDPD, NSB NSB & RAs

Develop Bhutan Standard Industrial Classification (BSIC)

0.8

2019 -20 EESD, NSB NSB & RAs

Develop Bhutan Central Product Classification (BCPC)

2019 -20 EESD, NSB NSB & RAs

Develop Bhutan Standard Classification of Occupations (BSCO)

0.7 2019 -20 SSD, NSB NSB & RAs

Develop Standard Guidelines and Procedures (SGP) consistent with the data quality assurance framework for the collection, validation, and reporting of data at the local level for the compilation of selected indicators. E.g. ADS and gewog database.

Develop Standard Data Reporting Guideline and procedures

Review guidelines for collection of gewog-level database

1.5

2020 -21 SSD, NSB NSB, SOs & RAs

Review and initiate the collection of data at the urban areas

2020 -21 SSD, NSB CIARD, NSB & SOs

Assess and compile administrative-based data in priority sectors in accordance with the national data quality assurance framework

Develop common/harmonized format and data sharing mechanism

Draft, consult and finalize the common/harmonized format and data sharing mechanism for national accounts, statistical year book, environment accounts, etc.

0.700 2020 -21 CIARD, NSB ITF, MSTF and SOs

ICT applications for improved data production implemented

Develop ICT applications and tools to improve statistical business processes for data production ― collection, compilation, processing, validation, and management

Develop ICT applications and tools to improve statistical business processes for data production ― collection, compilation, processing, validation, and management

Conduct scoping mission to study the feasibility of setting up of the ICT systems (TA)

2019-20 ICTS, NSB NSB & RAs

Set up server to support survey and census data collection (Physical and software info to be included)

2019-21 ICTS, NSB SDPD & CAIRD, NSB & DITT, MoIC

Adopt and host online data collection System at NSB


Develop capacity to set-up and manage the system (through TA)


21

Develop Capacity for effective Data visualization


Develop data archiving and dissemination system

Assess, define and develop one Micro-data archiving and dissemination system


Disseminate official statistics through both hard (publications) and soft (excel format).

2020-21 ICTS, NSB NSB Divisions, & DITT, MoIC

39.700

22





Key Collaborating

Agencies

ST

RO

NG

ST

AT

IST

ICA

L I

NS

TIT

UT

ION

Statistical human resource management and development strategy implemented

Design and implement coordinated development programs to strengthen capacities of statistical personnel (including officers under the statistical parenting arrangement) on technical and management areas of statistical work, and improve human resource management for statistics

Implement the Statistical parenting framework

Review, consult and implement the Parenting Framework (Transfer Guideline and coordination mechanism - incase the statistics legislations are not enacted)

0.700 January,

2020 HRS, NSB

NSB Divisions, RCSC, RAs

Develop and implement HR Master Plan

Develop HR Master Plan (Requirement, Competency Framework -TA - and succession planning)

0.700 December,

2019 HRS, NSB

NSB Divisions, RCSC & RAs

Coordinated System of statistics enhanced

Establish a coordinated system for the production and dissemination of statistics at the national and local levels (including Dzongkhags and Thromdes) based on the core framework of priority indicators towards a system of designated statistics

Organize Coordination workshops

Conduct coordination workshops (Annual Dzongkhag Statistics for harmonization withGewog Database, Consumer Price Index, National Accounts, Environmental Accounts, Statistical Yearbook, Social Statistics, Annual Statistics Calendar/Advanced Release Calendar, etc.)

10.000 2019-2023 CIARD, NSB NSB Divisions, SOs & RAs

NSDS for 2023 – 2028 developed

Prepare an updated NSDS for the 13th Five Year Plan period

Prepare and update NSDS for the next plan period

Institute an Internal Task Force Members, Multi-Sectoral Task Force Members and laise with the Development partners for the support

1.500

June, 2022

PPS, NSB ITF, MSTF, SOs & RAs

Develop Terms of Reference for the Internal Task Force Members (ITF), Multi-Sectoral Task Force Members (MSTF) and the Consultant

July, 2022

Draft, validate and finalize the NSDS in consultation with the ITF and MSTF

September, 2022

Endorse and advocate for implementation of the NSDS

November, 2022

1.500

23


Outcome Output Description Activities Sub-Activities Indicative

Cost (Nu. in mill.)

Timeline Lead Division Responsible

Key Collaborating

Agencies

ES

TA

BL

ISH

ED

AU

TH

OR

ITY

FO

R

ST

AT

IST

ICS

Statistics Bill and its rules and regulations prepared

Review and improve scope and clarity of relevant provisions of the pending statistics bill (including resource allocation, partnerships, innovation, and local level statistics); and advocate support for the proposed legislation among key stakeholders of statistics

Submit the draft Statistics Bill of Bhutan to the Cabinet for endorsement (in consultation with the Office of the Attorney General - OAG, if the Cabinet Secretariat approves/instructs)

Develop and submit the legislative proposal to the Cabinet Secretariat

1.500

March, 2019

PPS, NSB

ITF, MSTF, SOs,OAG,

RAs, & Cabinet Secretariat

Review and submit the Regulatory Impact Assessment Report to the Cabinet in consultation with the OAG

April, 2019

Develop the drafting workplan including drafting instructions, policy background, explanatory notes for legislation in consultation with the OAG

May, 2019

Review and consult the draft Bill with relevant stakeholders including translation (TA/OAG)

December, 2019

Consult, review and develop the delegated legislations including translation into Dzongkha (rules and regulations in consultation with the OAG)

March, 2020

Conduct Advocacy programs of the statistical legislations

2020-203

Executive order on statistics revised and updated

Amend/update existing executive order of 2006 to adopt key provisions in the statistics bill and provide policy and guidelines for priority statistical concerns including standards development, coordination, resource allocation, and capacity development, among others

Revise and update the 2006 Executive Order

Review 2006 Executive Order and submit to the Prime Minister's Office (Incase the Statistics Bill is not enacted)

June, 2019 PPS, NSB

NSB, Divisions & Cabinet Secretariat

Statistical committees established

Organize statistical committees for institutional coordination and task forces to study and address and provide guidance on specific statistical issues. (Incase the Statistics Bill is not enacted)

Institute Statistics Technical Committees (STCs if Bill is not enacted)

Form an Internal Task Force to Develop Terms of Reference/Standard Operating procedures of the Committee Members (Domain based; Eco, Social, Survey/Census)

0.400 September, 2019

CIARD, NSB NSB Divisions,

SOs & RAs

Organize STC meetings 0.500 2019-23 Respective

Division, NSB NSB Divisions,

SOs & RAs

2.400

Note: SOs: Statistics Offices (Ministries, Agencies, Thromdes and Dzongkhags); RAs: Relevant Agencies; ITF: Internal Task Force Members; MSTF: Multi-Sectoral Task Force Members; CIARD: Coordination, Information and Research Division; SDPD: Survey and Data Processing Division; SSD: Social Statistics Division; EESD: Economic and Environmental Statistics Division; PPS: Policy and Planning Services; ICTS: Information and Communication Services; HRS: Human Resource Services; DITT: Department of Information & Technology.

24

SECTION-II

5. DATA ASSESSMENT

5.1. Background

In June 2018, the Bhutan statistical system with support from PARIS21 conducted back-to-back workshops to validate findings of several recent assessments of the statistical system and to carry out strategic planning to inform a new NSDS for the period 2019-23. The workshops led to the completion of the NSDS 2019-23 Strategic Framework for Bhutan.

While the strategic framework provides the strategic directions ---- the vision, the mission, and strategic and specific outcomes toward the improvement of data production and quality, data dissemination and use, policy framework, coordination mechanisms, resource mobilization, and capacity building for statistics, there needs to be a corresponding implementation plan that clearly sets out the statistical development results and activities, the investment needed, and accountabilities to deliver the necessary changes.

In order to draw up an effective implementation plan, a comprehensive data assessment in addition to the statistical capacity assessment was deemed imperative. Such data assessment could help identify more specific issues with the data and inform the priority areas of improvement in the statistical system to make them more useful and effective in planning and monitoring the 12FYP results.

5.2. Objectives

The data assessment aimed to (a) understand better the data demand as primarily

defined by the 12FYP key result areas; (b) get more insights on the specific issues

with the current data and the challenges affecting the data supply; (c) analyse gaps in

the data not only in terms of availability but also in terms of other dimensions of data

quality; and (d) inform the validation of the NSDS strategic framework and the

preparation of the statistical development plans of the national statistical system and

of the different data producing institutions.

The data assessment was designed to identify and document gaps in the quality of

existing data that have been identified to support monitoring of national development

priorities and international development commitments, in particular the SDGs. Quality

in this context covers direct quality attributes of data such as relevance, reliability,

25

timeliness and punctuality, accessibility and clarity, and coherence and comparability

as well as statistical business process requisites like coordination, methodology and

standards, human and financial resources, and dissemination and communication.

5.3. Assessmentapproach

The data assessment adopted a 2-stage approach: an initial data assessment using

the ADAPT tool and a more comprehensive and detailed data assessment with

reference to the generic national quality assurance framework.

a. Scope of data assessment

This detailed data assessment covers all the statistics produced by the ministries and

agencies that comprise the Bhutan Statistical System primarily those statistics and

data required in the planning and monitoring of the 12FYP through the National Key

Result Areas, Agency Key Result Areas, and Local Government Key Result Areas,

and the Bhutan SDGs.

b. Basic principles

The data assessment focused on analysing quality of data based on the concept of

„fitness for use or fitness for purpose‟ and recognizing the multi-dimensional and

sometimes overlapping and often interrelated nature of data quality. The assessment

referred to the United Nations Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics in general

and the generic UN recommended national quality assurance framework in particular.

The generic NQAF guidelines recommend the following quality dimensions or

elements:

Managing the statistical system

[NQAF 1] Coordinating the national statistical system

[NQAF 2] Managing relationships with data users and data providers

[NQAF 3] Managing statistical standards

Managing the institutional environment

26

[NQAF 4] Assuring professional independence

[NQAF 5] Assuring impartiality and objectivity

[NQAF 6] Assuring transparency

[NQAF 7] Assuring statistical confidentiality and security

[NQAF 8] Assuring the quality commitment

[NQAF 9] Assuring adequacy of resources

Managing statistical processes

[NQAF 10] Assuring methodological soundness

[NQAF 11] Assuring cost-effectiveness

[NQAF 12] Assuring soundness of implementation

[NQAF 13] Managing the respondent burden

Managing statistical outputs

[NQAF 14] Assuring relevance

[NQAF 15] Assuring accuracy and reliability

[NQAF 16] Assuring timeliness and punctuality

[NQAF 17] Assuring accessibility and clarity

[NQAF 18] Assuring coherence and comparability

[NQAF 19] Managing metadata

The adoption of the NQAF in the data assessment facilitated a comprehensive

understanding of quality and a systematic way of identifying quality problems and

appropriate actions which can lend to monitoring of progress of statistical

improvements over time.

5.4. Dataassessment process

The data assessment was implemented with the following targeted results and

methods:

27

Intermediate output Method/Source of inputs

Stage 1

N/AKRAs, LGKRAs, and SDG indicators in

the ADAPT system

Workshop to orient the MSTF

on ADAPT and encode the

indicators

Validation of data demand and

supply indicators by the NSB

and GNHC

Stage 2

1. Quick SMART assessment of N/AKRA

and LGKRA indicators

Consultant‟s analysis of the

ADAPT results

Validation by participants 2. Initial data quality gaps based on

ADAPT

3. Specific data gaps by quality dimension

and by institution

Detailed data assessment by

ministry/agency using ADAPT

results supported by

assessment matrix of

censuses, surveys, &

administrative data, and

Bhutan SDG statistical annex

4. Data quality gaps from use and user

perspectives

Analysis of the Quick Data Use

Survey results

Stage 1 provided for the critical first step of the data assessment process which is

understanding the data demand. Data demand is usually influenced by the

development policy and results framework of a country. In the context of this

exercise, data demand is defined primarily by the information requirements of the

12FYP as articulated in the N/AKRAs and LGKRAs and the relevant indicators to

measure or monitor results.

In order to understand the policy and results framework, an inventory of indicators

and statistics in the N/AKRAs and LGKRAs was undertaken using the ADAPT tool.

28

The ADAPT tool is a cloud-based system developed by PARIS21 to help plan

statistical activities in general. More specifically, ADAPT facilitates documentation of

the indicators and statistics and analysis of data demand, supply, and data gaps as

well as capacity gaps to inform actions to be adopted in the NSDS.

The inventory of N/AKRA and LGKRA indicators was started in the ADAPT workshop

carried out with support from PARIS21 on 3 September 2018 and 5-6 September

2018 in Bhutan and participated by 15 member-agencies of the Multi-Sectoral Task

Force (MSTF) on the NSDS. During the workshop the participants learned about the

use of the ADAPT tool and started encoding into the system the relevant indicators in

the N/AKRAs and LGKRAs produced by their respective ministries/agencies. The

MSTF members continued and completed the encoding of all the indicators in the

N/AKRAs and some indicators in the LGKRAs after the workshop. Information on the

SDG indicators adopted/adapted for Bhutan were not encoded. Finally, the Gross

National Happiness Commission from the data user side and NSB from the data

producer side reviewed and validated the data demand and supply and related

information to facilitate analysis.

The inventory required the provision of comprehensive metadata of the indicators,

including detailed information on the demand and supply in terms of the following:

(1) Specific concept and definition;

(2) Variables and computational/estimation formula;

(3) Rationale for the indicator;

(4) Geographic disaggregation (national, dzongkhag, thromde, gewog);

(5) Other disaggregation (sex, type, subpopulation, sectoral, institutional, etc.);

(6) Frequency (annual/biennial (or every so many years, beginning, mid-term, end-

of-term), semestral, quarterly, etc.);

(7) Institutional and activity source;

(8) Data availability and dissemination mechanisms; and

(9) Capacity development needs.

Stage 2 consisted of several steps undertaken during the detailed data assessment

workshop conducted on 23-25 October 2018 among 12 member-agencies of the

29

MSTF. The workshop was designed to inform the preparation of statistical

development plans by the ministries/agencies at its conclusion.

The detailed data assessment was carried out through the: (a) assessment of the

N/AKRA and LGKRA framework and key performance indicators (KPIs), (b)

assessment of data uses and users through a quick data use survey, (c) assessment

of data supply in relation to demand, and (d) analysis of data gaps by quality

dimension based on the generic NQAF elements.

A quick assessment of N/AKRA and LGKRA KPIs was done using the SMART

criteria that include specificity, relevance, and appropriateness of the indicators to

measure the results (outcome or output). This step provided for among others the

identification and delineation between statistical indicators and programmatic and

operational data and information that characterize the N/AKRA and LGKRA KPIs. As

the data assessment was conceptualized and designed to focus on statistics, only

KPIs that provide statistical measure of outcomes and key outputs were included.

The assessment of uses of data from the perspective of key users in Bhutan was

done through a quick data use survey administered by the NSB prior to the

workshop. The purposive survey gathered information about the key data users in

Bhutan – their profile, data priorities, and attributes of data needed; the data uses –

data and forms of data used, policy areas data is used, types of data analysis

performed, and users or beneficiaries of results of data analysis, etc.; and user

perceptions on current data supply (data quality, relevance, timeliness, accessibility,

reliability, etc.).

The core point of the data assessment was the analysis of data supply in relation to

demand. Using the inventory generated from the ADAPT system, the N/AKRA and

LGKRA KPIs were mapped with available data in the Bhutan statistical system to

identify gaps in terms of general availability of data as well as in terms of key

metadata as follows:

(1) Specific concept and definition;

(2) Variables and computational/estimation formula;

(3) Geographic disaggregation (national, dzongkhag, thromde, gewog)

(4) Other disaggregation (sex, type, subpopulation, sectoral, institutional, etc.);

30

(5) Frequency (annual/biennial (or every so many years, beginning, mid-term, end-

of-term), semestral, quarterly, etc.);

(6) Methodology;

(7) Standards/frameworks adopted/applied;

(8) Dissemination mode;

(9) Activity source and error or any quality measurements, if any;

(10) Institutional source; and

(11) Improvement/development plan.

The next step in the process was narrowing the master list of indicators to those KPIs

that are considered key statistical indicators or statistics, and expanding the same by

including other critical sectoral statistics used by the different ministries/agencies in

their mandated planning and monitoring activities that were not included in the

N/AKRAs and LGKRAs. As many of the statistical indicators are composite measures

of two or more different statistics that may be produced by different

ministries/agencies, the list was further expanded by breaking down these indicators

into the component variables or data items. The detailed data assessment was done

on the resulting master list of indicators and data items for each participating

ministry/agency.

In the detailed data assessment, the participating MSTF members provided

additional information to update the metadata for the data items from the demand

and supply perspectives.

5.5. Limitationsand challenges

It is important to recognize several limitations and challenges that may have affected

the comprehensiveness and level of overall quality of the process and results. Below

are among the critical ones.

(1) The assessment relied primarily on the inputs and outputs of the members of

the MSTF for the NSDS during the workshops and may not include further

validation with other informants or the management in the ministries/agencies.

(2) Many of the detailed information about the indicators asked by ADAPT system

and the detailed data assessment could not be provided by the MSTF

members due to limited knowledge about the indicator or data item or

31

unavailability or lack of reference or documentation, especially from the

demand perspective.

(3) Some ministries/agencies did not participate in the final workshop leaving out

the corresponding sectors and statistics from the detailed data assessment.

(4) The assessment did not include focused assessment of data for the SDGs as

the information was not encoded in ADAPT.

(5) There was very limited material on the LGKRAs provided which prevented

more detailed analysis of data demand and supply at the local government

levels.

(6) The quick data use survey could have included a few more key

ministries/agencies and key users from the private sector and international

development partner institutions.

5.6. Assessment findings

This section presents the consolidated results and findings of the data assessment:

a. Assessment of data demand

1. Assessment of N/AKRA and LGKRA indicators based on metadata in

the ADAPT system

(a) The results framework for the 12FYP consisted of the N/AKRAs and

LGKRAs and corresponding KPIs and the SDGs and indicators adapted

for Bhutan all of which presented a comprehensive and complex reference

for the data assessment. There are 135 AKRAs and 38 LGKRAs

(Dzongkhag level) under and across 16 NKRAs requiring a total of 794

KPIs for monitoring.

(b) Of the total number of KPIS, only 56 percent have available data for at

least one time period. While availability of data at the national level is at a

moderate 77 percent, the situation drastically worsens at the agency

(sectoral) and local levels.

32

Logframe / Level Number of

KRAs

Number of

KPIs

KPIs with at

least 1 value

Proportion of

KPIs with

available

data (%)

NKRA-AKRA

NKRA 16 120 92 77

AKRA 135 583 323 55

LGKRA-

Dzongkhag 38

91 33 36

Total number of

KPIs

794 448 56

(c) Of the total number of KPIS, only 56 percent have available data for at

least one time period. While availability of data at the national level is at a

moderate 77 percent, the situation drastically worsens at the agency

(sectoral) and local levels.

(d) There is substantial imbalance in the number of KPIs across the 16

NKRAs that may suggest misleading indication of relative contribution of

the NKRAs in the attainment of higher societal goals.

33

(e) In terms of metadata, availability of information on disaggregation,

geographic coverage, frequency and institutional source of data for

N/AKRA KPIs is strong but very weak for LGKRA indicators. However, the

level of metadata availability for the selected attributes may be largely due

to poor articulation of data demand. Information is certainly much less

scarce for other dimensions required in the inventory of KPIs through the

ADAPT system.

34

(f) The comparison of demand and supply indicators yielded concerning

results as only about half of the KPIs, on average, have available data that

matched with the required (selected) attributes. While KPIs with matching

geographic coverage appear to be high, the level could be much lower if

there was clearer definition of demand at the N/AKRA level. Data gaps

according to selected attributes are consequently wide.

(g) A review of the KPIs using the SMART criteria revealed the following:

35

― Many of the KPIs are not relevant or appropriate as they do not

provide meaningful measure of the identified outcome or output.

Many KPIs measure processes and inputs rather than results

(outcomes and outputs). Many of the KPIs are programmatic or

operational in nature than statistical.

― Some KPIs are not standard or are differently-formulated from

nationally-used, or internationally-recommended indicators.

― Some KPIs do not have official/standard, nationally-used, or

internationally-recommended definitions; have vague definition.

― Some KPIs are not appropriately formulated as indicators, e.g. plan,

activity, process, timeline; directional, etc..

― A number of KPIs are duplicates; some are used several times to

measure different levels of results and/or different outcomes. There

are too many KPIs to measure a specific outcome or output;

imbalance in number of KPIs among KRAs.

2. Assessment of users’ perception of existing data and unmet data needs

in Bhutan

Below are the key findings of the quick survey of selected key data users in

government conducted by NSB.

(a) There is strong trust in statistics and high appreciation of its importance

among data users.

(b) A good proportion of respondents, 70 percent, indicated overall

satisfaction with current statistic but a lesser number are satisfied with

the existing statistical products.

36

(c) Interestingly, more users are satisfied with data sourced from other

institutions than with the data produced by their institutions.

(d) Users identified statistics on social welfare, justice and crime, and local

level as the weakest while governance, national accounts, public works,

and agriculture and forestry are the strongest.

37

The survey results are in Annex-4.

b. Assessment of data supply

The detailed data assessment was conducted by the members of the MSTF on NSDS from thirteen (13) ministries/agencies but only eleven (11) were able to identify specific data quality issues on the indicators and statistics under their purview.

38

The assessment initially used the extracted list of KPIs from the ADAPT system allocated to the relevant ministries and agencies. The list only includes KPIs under the N/AKRA and LGKRA (Dzongkhag) as encoded and are available in the ADAPT system. The SDG indicators were not encoded into the system. The next step was the delisting of KPIs which were clearly not indicators, e.g., plan, activity, or timeline, one-time or single point indicators, those that were considered more programmatic or operational in nature, and those indicators that were vague and did not have clear definition from the demand side. The remaining list of indicators and statistics were further assessed and broken into component data items. Key statistics such as population, area, and gross domestic product, which are commonly used as denominator in general and sectoral indicators, were excluded from the sectoral assessment but were taken up by the producing ministry or agency. Each ministry and agency updated the metadata generated from the ADAPT system for the new list of indicators and statistics and identified specific data issues and needed interventions pertaining to the different quality dimensions represented by the generic NQAF elements (see Annex-5).

1. Summary of data quality issues observed

Following is a summary of common issues identified during the detailed data assessment conducted by twelve (11) ministries and agencies:

― Relevance

Data produced/disseminated limited to national level.

Disaggregation of many indicators/data are not available, especially

geographic disaggregation, e.g., Dzongkhag, Thromde, Gewog.

Periodicity of many data is pre-dominantly annual.

Some data that are available on a monthly/quarterly basis are being

released only on an annual basis due to lack of clear policy or weak

user orientation.

Some important indicators/data are not available due to resource

constraints and capacity or lack of clear definition and methodology.

There is lack of stakeholder consultation across many sectors.

― Accuracy and reliability

Unclear/vague concept/definition, e.g., urban/rural, water and sanitation,

tax performance, unreported crime/road accident cases, forest area

39

boundaries, coverage areas, etc.

Coverage problems, e.g., border issues, excluded areas, excluded

types/categories

Unclear/lack of standard classification, e.g., vehicle, crime, roads, etc.

Discrepancy between survey and administrative data

Field collection/reporting challenges, e.g., illegal activities

Low resolution satellite images (land)

Absence of quality assurance mechanisms

― Timeliness and punctuality

Data needed more frequently than annual are not available, e.g.,

quarterly GDP.

Need for annual population data to compute indicators across sectors

Relatively long time lags in the release of results of censuses and

surveys, e.g., population, BLSS

Relatively long time lags in the release of indicators/statistics, e.g.,

poverty statistics, education

Delayed submission of data from field or from other ministries/agencies.

― Accessibility and clarity

Lack of metadata for many indicators/metadata

Lack of proactive dissemination of available data

Lack of access to microdata

― Coherence and comparability

Lack of standards/guidelines

Multiple sources of data

A more detailed and consolidated list of issues under each of 13 quality dimensions in the generic NQAF is provided in Annex-6.

2. Analysis of data quality gaps

40

The detailed data assessment covered a total of 222 indicators and statistics across 11 ministries and agencies, including NSB. The following analysis focuses on the results of the mapping of demand and supply based on 4 key metadata items, disaggregation, geographic coverage, frequency, and institutional source of the data and the status of available data across the various quality dimensions in the NQAF.

a. Many of the indicators are not fit-for-purpose.

While the proportion of indicators with matched metadata between demand and supply appears fairly adequate for each of the 4 data attributes, from 63 percent (frequency) to 84 percent (institutional source), only a mere 41 percent of the indicators have all the specific details required in the N/AKRAs and LGKRAs. This suggests a significant number of indicators that may not have the ideal characteristics of indicators and which may render the analysis of data less informative and meaningful for accurate and reliable measurement of results of the 12FYP. With the general assessment that the demand is not even articulated well, e.g., logical framework (delineation between impact-outcomes-outputs and processes-inputs) needing clarity, measurement framework lacking in parsimony and wanting in specificities for deeper analytical use (sectoral, spatial, small area/local level, and population subgroup analysis), the above assessment may only be implying a surface diagnosis of what could be a worse scenario.

Details of the matched indicators: demand and supply by selected metadata are in

Annex-7 while the detailed data assessment matrices of the 11 participating ministries

and agencies are documented in Annex-8.

41

b. Many indicators have critical quality issues mainly in terms of reliability and

timeliness of data.

Of the 19 NQAF elements or quality dimensions, 13 have been cited as problem areas

for many of the indicators. A significant number of indicators have issues with assuring

accuracy and reliability (NQAF15) and timeliness and punctuality (NQAF16). However,

for some indicators, these are interrelated with challenges in standards and

methodology and coordination among data producers and providers.

Among the identified and observed leading root causes of unreliable data are the lack

of clear definition and methodology for many of the indicators across most sectors. In

general, the metadata suggests limited awareness and knowledge among data

managers, coordinators, or compilers of the standard or operational definitions and

data classifications even for commonly used indicators. Although not as clearly

documented but adequately covered in the discussions, there is shared concern about

the inadequate if not lacking mechanisms for quality assurance across the board, both

intra-organizational (vertical and lateral flow of data within institutions) and inter-

organizational (sharing between institutions) systems.

Timeliness of data or specifically, the long time lag in the release of data as well as

delay in the reporting of data for higher level compilation or consolidation, seems to be

42

the bigger concern among the ministries and agencies. The absence of systems with

clear standards and guidelines and coordination arrangements has been identified as

an important factor affecting data flow and eventually release of data.

Little attention both from the demand and supply perspective is accorded to timeliness,

e.g., frequency/periodicity, which is as akin to ensuring relevance as the need to be

fastidious in making the data available to users.Details of the number of indicators with

quality dimensions are in Annex-9.

5.7. Observations and way forward

The detailed data assessment exercise turned out to be quite challenging both for the

participants and facilitators. From the encoding into the ADAPT system to the review of

indicators and data and identification of issues, the process was intense and required

knowledge and understanding of concepts and of the methodology itself, a different and

new approach to analyzing data and metadata. The introduction and use of the NQAF

as a core reference for the assessment may seem radical but ultimately should be the

direction if the national statistical system aims to understand statistics better --- the

characteristics, the processes, and the people that make them, including and more

importantly the problems and challenges that affect this system in order that appropriate

and effective solutions can be implemented.

The real lessons from this data assessment are in the details which can be found and

better appreciated in the individual data assessment matrices of the participating

ministries and agencies at http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/publications.php?id=15.

These lessons, as what the approach calls for, are meant to inform and guide the

formulation of statistical development plans that are aligned with the NSDS Strategic

Framework but more importantly, directly addressing the most critical data problems at

the implementation or operational level.

http://www.nsb.gov.bt/publication/publications.php?id=15

43

REFERENCES

GNHC. 12th Five-Year Development Plan (2019-2023). Retrieved from Gross National Happiness Commission website: www.gnhc.gov.bt

GNHC. Twelfth Five Year Plan (12FYP) National Key Result Areas, Agency Key Result Areas, and Local Government Key Result Areas. 2018. Retrieved from Gross National Happiness Commission website: www.gnhc.gov.bt

MoAF. In-depth Country Assessment of the National System for Renewable Natural Resources Statistics in Bhutan (An implementation of Global Strategy to Improve Agriculture and Rural Statistics). Retrieved from Ministry of Agriculture & Forests website: http://www.gsars.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/GS-Bhutan-IdCA_Bhutan_FINAL.pdf

NSB. Bhutan Living Standard Survey 2012 Report. Retrieved from National Statistics Bureau website: www.nsb.gov.bt

NSB. Bhutan Living Standard Survey 2017 Report. Retrieved from National Statistics Bureau website: www.nsb.gov.bt

NSB. Bhutan Poverty Analysis Report 2012. Retrieved from National Statistics Bureau website: www.nsb.gov.bt

NSB. Bhutan Poverty Analysis Report 2017. Retrieved from National Statistics Bureau website: www.nsb.gov.bt

NSB. Bhutan’s Data Ecosystem Mapping. Retrieved from National Statistics Bureau website: www.nsb.gov.bt

NSB. Consumer Price Index (2003-2017). Retrieved from National Statistics Bureau website: www.nsb.gov.bt

NSB. National Accounts Statistics 2017. Retrieved from National Statistics Bureau website: www.nsb.gov.bt

NSB. National Accounts Statistics 2018. Retrieved from National Statistics Bureau website: www.nsb.gov.bt

44

NSB. National Statistics Development Strategy (NSDS 2008-13). Retrieved from National Statistics Bureau website: www.nsb.gov.bt

NSB. National Statistics Development Strategy (NSDS 2014-18). Retrieved from National Statistics Bureau website: www.nsb.gov.bt

NSB. Organaization Development Report. Retrieved from National Statistics Bureau website: www.nsb.gov.bt

NSB. The Statistics Bill of Bhutan 2015. Retrieved from National Statistics Bureau website: www.nsb.gov.bt

PARIS21. ADAPT. Retrieved from PARIS21 website: https://adapt.paPris21.org/auth/login

PARIS21. National Strategies for the Development of Statistics. Retrieved from PARIS21 website: http://www.paris21.org/national-strategy-development-statistics-nsds

RGoB. Bhutan SDGs Statistical Annex. 2018. GNHC.

UNSD. Guidelines for the Template for a Generic National Quality Assurance Framework (NQAF). February 2012. UN.

45

ANNEXURE:

ANNEX-1 List of existing statistical publications of NSB

Sl. No Publications Frequency

1 Consumer Price Index Monthly

2 Socio-Economic Indicator Quarterly

3 Producers‟ Price Index Quarterly

4 Dzongkhag Statistics Annually

5 Statistical Year Book of Bhutan Annually

6 Environmental Account Statistics Annually

7 Labour Force Survey Report Annually

8 Gewog Level Data Base Annually

9 National Accounts Statistics Annually

10 Bhutan Living Standard Survey Report Every five years

11 Bhutan Poverty Analysis Report Every five years

12 Bhutan Multi-Dimensional Poverty Index Every five years

13 Bhutan Multiple Indicator Survey Report Every ten years

14 Population and Housing Census of Bhutan Report - National

Every ten years

15 Population and Housing Census of Bhutan Report - Dzongkhag

Every ten years

16 Population Projection Report-National Every ten years

17 Population Projection Report-Dzongkhag Every ten years

18 Socio-Economic Demographic Indicators Ad-hoc

19 Knowledge Attitude and Practices Report on Religious Personnel Ad-hoc

20 Standardization of Measurement Unit Survey Report Ad-hoc

21 Enterprise Survey Report Ad-hoc

22 Dzongkhag Information Based on PHCB-2005 Ad-hoc

46

ANNEX-2 List of censuses and surveys in Bhutan

# Activity Responsible

Agency

Funding Periodicity

Year last

conducted Amount

Source

A. CENSUSES

1 Population and

Housing Census

NSB Nu. 254.M RGoB 10 years 2017

2 RNR Census MoAF Nu.

183.331 M

RGoB/

FAO/

Donar

partners

10 years 2008

3 Livestock

Census

MoAF Nu.1.1 M RGoB Annual 2017

4 Economic

Census

NSB Nu. 21 M World

Bank

10 years 2019

B. SURVEYS

1 Bhutan Living

Standard Survey

NSB Nu 31 M World

Bank

5 years 2017

2 Bhutan Multiple

Indicator Survey

NSB Nu 70 M UNICEF 10 years 2010

3 National Health

Survey

MoH Nu 25 M WHO,UN

FPA,

(DHS

2012)

5 Years 2012

4 STEPS Survey MoH Nu. 6.1 M WHO

(2014)

5 Years 2014

5 Nutrition Survey MoH Nu. 20 M WHO/UN

ICEF

5 Years 2012

6 Global Youth

Tobacco Survey

MoH 5 Years

7 Patient

Satisfaction

Survey

MoH Nu. 0.4 M Adhoc

8 EPI Survey MoH 5 Years 2008

9 KAP Survey MoH

10 Annual

Household

Survey

MoH Annual

11 Enterprise

Survey

DCSI, MoEA Nu. 1.18 M World

Bank

Adhoc 2015

12 Gross National

Happiness

CBS

47

ANNEX-3 List of publications based on administrative data

Survey

13 Job Prospecting

Survey

DEHR,

MoLHR

Nu. 1.5 M RGoB Annual 2017

14 Agriculture

Survey

MoAF Nu. 7.26 M RGoB Annual

15 Labour Force

Survey)

DEHR,

MoLHR

Nu. 4.327

M

RGoB Annual 2017

16 Tourism Exit

Survey

TCB RGOB annual 2017

17 Outbound

Tourism Survey

TCB Annual

18 Domestic Tourist

Survey

TCB Annual

19 Tourism Industry

Survey

TCB Annual

20 Tourism

Employment

survey

TCB Annual

21 Targeted

Household

Poverty Survey

(THPP)

GNHC

22 Media Impact

Study

DoIM RGoB

23 Violence Against

Children Study

NCWC 200,000 UNICEF 5 years 2016

24 Violence Against

Women/Girls

Study

NCWC 200,000 UNDP/U

NFPA

5 years 2018

25 Employment

Survey

DCSI, MoEA NA NA Adhoc 2015

26 Market Price

Information

OCP, MoEA Nu. 0.2 M RGoB Quarterly 2018

27 Consumer Price

Index

NSB Nu. 3 M RGoB Monthly 2018

48

# Publications Responsible

Agency

Periodicity

1 Annual Dzongkhag Statistics NSB Annual

2 Annual Report RMA Annual

3 Annual Bulletin MoWHS Annual

4 Education statistics MoE Annual

5 Employment statistics MoLHR Annual

6 Power Data MoEA Annual

7 State of Environment report NEC Annual

8 Environmental account statistics NSB Annual

9 Annual financial statement MoF Annual

10 Annual Health Bulletin MoH Annual

11 Monthly Bulletin RMA Monthly

12 Selected Economic Indicators RMA Quarterly

13 National accounts statistics NSB Annual

14 Producer Price Index NSB Quarterly

15 Annual report TCB Annual

16 Trade statistics DRC Annual

17 Annual report MoIC Annual

18 Civil Service Statistics RCSC Annual

ANNEX-4 Survey results (Annex-a)

50

ANNEX-5 The Generic NQAF elements (Annex-1)

51

ANNEX-6 Consolidated list of data issues by NQAF element and Institution

Institution Data issue Number of indicators

NQAF1. Coordinating the national statistical system

MoAF Definition of research work not clear 1

MoAF Discrepancy between data from survey conducted by RSD of MoAF and that of Dzongkhags

7

NSB Delayed submission of basic price data from Dzongkhag 1

NSB Duplication of data 2

NEC Need for well-established national system of collecting greenhouse gas inventory

1

MoIC Non-inclusion of relevant data in existing NSB surveys 1

MoIC Reliability on the data as per standard definitions 1

MoIC Timeliness and reliability of input/raw data 1

NQAF2: Managing relationships with data users and data providers

MoIC Coordination with airlines to provide correct figures 1

MoIC Timeliness, and reliability 1


MoAF Lack of peer review process or stakeholder consultation 2

TCB Managing relationships with data users and providers 1

MoWHS Reliability and Verification of the collected data 1

NQAF3. Managing statistical standards

MoIC Coordination with airlines to provide correct figures 1

MoIC Need for comprehensive vehicle type classification 1

MoIC Proper estimation methodology 1

MoIC Wrong calculation of internet users 1

RBP No standard classification of crime like violence against women, children, domestics violence, etc.

1

NQAF5. Assuring impartiality and objectivity


MoIC Timeliness, and reliability 1

NQAF8. Assuring the quality commitment

MoIC Need to conduct survey on new data 1

MoIC Data not based on region but focused on number of population provided with trainings

1

52

NQAF9. Assuring adequacy of resources

MoH Financial and human resource shortage. 2

NSB Lack of HR 2

NEC More stations required - more data su 1

MoIC Need to conduct survey 1

NQAF10. Assuring methodological soundness

MoH Limited coverage/undercoverage of areas/groups of population (non-health facility births, survey not covering major cities and towns)

2

MoIC Need to coordination with providers on provision of correct data

MoAF, MoF, MoIC

Lack of clarity in definition, coverage, or methodology (area under effective watershed management, enterprise, tax performance in relation to economic growth, domestic revenue to expenditure for 12FYP, impact of emission reduction, estimation, essenital imports)

12

NSB Definition and concepts not consistent with international standards

1

NSB Lack of technical capacity on SAE 2

MoIC, MoAF,

MoH, MoF

Need to conduct survey/new/improved administrative data system (FIES, tax compliance)

4

NQAF12. Assuring soundness of implementation

MoAF As per definition, too ambitious, so will suffer from impracticality of measurement.

1

NQAF14. Assuring relevance

NEC Need for well-established national system of collecting greenhouse gas inventory

1

MoAF, TCB No data / information available currently 3

TCB Some basic data available. Need to enhance basic datasets 1

MoWHS, MoH, TCB

Unavailability of disaggregated population data (urban/rural , inbound tourism, relevant age group)

4

NSB Unavailability of Dzongkhag/Gewog level data 5

NSB, RMA Unavailability of quarterly GDP 2

NSB Unavailability of small area poverty estimates (SAE) 1

NQAF15. Assuring accuracy and reliability

53

MoH, RBP, MoAF, NEC

Limited coverage/under coverage of areas/groups of population (urban centers, unreported accident/crime/road crash cases, small pocket areas, outbound tourism, more monitoring stations, forest area boundaries, illegal cultivation)

15

NSB, MoH, RMA, MoAF

Unavailability of data (inputs for indicators/frameworks, home delivery, home deaths, population, age group population, livebirths)

12

MoAF Data affected by natural phenomena (border movement of tiger population, degraded areas) or technology

3

MoAF Data in BLSS based on recall by respondents who are unsure of their answers

7

NSB, MoWHS,

MoIC

Reliability of projections (population); need to improve data verification

4

MoIC, NSB, MoF

Need to improve methodologies (estimation/projection, revisions, impact on emission reduction, potential export products, internet users)

6

NQAF16. Assuring timeliness and punctuality

NSB Delayed submission of basic data from Dzongkhag (price) 1

NSB, RMA Need for quarterly GDP estimates 4

MoAF, NSB, RBP,

MoH, MoIC, RCSC

Long time lag (poverty, population, age group population, nutrition, crime/road/accidents, among others)

32

NQAF17. Assuring accessibility and clarity

NSB No access to micro-data 2

NQAF18. Assuring coherence and comparability

NSB, MoAF

Definition and concepts not clear/not consistent with international standards (research work,

2

MoAF, MoIC

Discrepancy between data from survey conducted by RSD of MoAF and that of Dzongkhags

11

NSB Duplication of data 2

* Figures do not add up to total number of indicators due to multiple count (some issues span across more than 1 quality element (NQAF).

54

ANNEX-7 Number of matched and unmatched demand and supply indicators

Institution/Metadata

Disaggregation Geographic Coverage Frequency Source Institution

To

tal

nu

mb

er

of

full

y m

atc

he

d

ind

ica

tors

To

tal

nu

mb

er

of

ind

ica

tors

Pro

po

rtio

n o

f fu

lly

ma

tch

ed

in

dic

ato

rs

Ma

tch

ed

Un

matc

hed

Pro

po

rtio

n o

f

ma

tch

ed

ind

ica

tors

Ma

tch

ed

Un

matc

hed

Pro

po

rtio

n o

f

ma

tch

ed

ind

ica

tors

Ma

tch

ed

Un

matc

hed

Pro

po

rtio

n o

f

ma

tch

ed

ind

ica

tors

Ma

tch

ed

Un

matc

hed

Pro

po

rtio

n o

f

ma

tch

ed

ind

ica

tors

NSB 20 7 74.1 18 9 66.7 16 11 59.3 23 4 85.2 5 27 18.5

MoAF 51 1 98.1 39 13 75.0 40 12 76.9 51 1 98.1 36 52 69.2

MoE

0

0

0

0

MoF 21 6 77.8 25 2 92.6 18 9 66.7 22 5 81.5 12 27 44.4

MoH 24 13 64.9 22 15 59.5 18 19 48.6 29 8 78.4 11 37 29.7

MoIC 10 10 50.0 10 10 50.0 10 10 50.0 10 10 50.0 10 20 50.0

MoWHS 1 3 25.0 1 3 25.0 4 0 100.0 3 1 75.0 1 4 25.0

NEC 3 1 75.0 2 2 50.0 0 4 - 4 0 100.0 0 4 0.0

RBP 8 7 53.3 7 8 46.7 12 3 80.0 14 1 93.3 2 15 13.3

RCSC 8 3 72.7 8 3 72.7 11 0 100.0 11 0 100.0 7 11 63.6

RMA 13 4 76.5 16 1 94.1 7 10 41.2 16 1 94.1 6 17 35.3

TCB 3 5 37.5 2 6 25.0 4 4 50.0 4 4 50.0 1 8 12.5

TOTAL 162 60 73.0 150 72 67.6 140 82 63.1 187 35 84.2 91 222 41.0

55

ANNEX-8 Data assessment matrices of 11 ministries and agencies (appendix-4)

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ANNEX-9 Number of indicators with data issues by quality dimension (NQAF element)

Institution Total number of indicators

Indicators with quality issues

Proportion of

indicators with

quality issues

NQAF1 NQAF2 NQAF3 NQAF4 NQAF5 NQAF6 NQAF7 NQAF8 NQAF9 NQAF10 NQAF11 NQAF12 NQAF13 NQAF14 NQAF15 NQAF16 NQAF17 NQAF18 NQAF19

NSB 27 17 63.0 3 2 2 7 3 16 2 3

TCB 8 8 100.0 1 4 4

NEC 4 2 50.0 1 1 1 1

MoAF 52 44 84.6 8 2 7 1 1 23 1 10

MoE

MoF 27 8 29.6 5 3

MoH 37 16 43.2 2 2 7 7

MoIC 20 12 60.0 3 3 4 2 2 1 5 4 2 2

MoWHS 4 3 75.0 1 2 1

RBP 15 8 53.3 1 7 8

RCSC 11 2 18.2 1 1

RMA 17 2 11.8 2 2

Total 222 122 55.0 15 7 5 2 2 6 21 1 17 54 37 2 15

* Figures do not add up to total number of indicators due to multiple count (some issues span across more than 1 quality dimension (NQAF).

NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STATISTICS · 2019-05-29 · 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Bhutan...

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