National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013
description
Transcript of National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013
![Page 1: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013 Stellar Evolution and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
![Page 2: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Chandra X-Ray Education & Public Outreach Office Donna L Young, Lead Educator – [email protected]
![Page 3: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The American Association of Variable Star Observers AAVSO
![Page 4: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
REACH FOR THE STARS, Division B
DESCRIPTION: Students will demonstrate an understanding of the properties and evolution of stars and their observation with different portions of the electromagnetic Spectrum: Radio, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X-Ray and Gamma Ray.EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring only two 8.5”x11” two-sided pagesof notes containing information in any form from any source and must providetheir own clipboards and red-filtered flashlights.
Part I: Constellation, Star, and Deep Sky Object (DSO) IdentificationPart II: i: Stellar Evolution stellar nurseries, protostars, main sequence stars, red giants, planetary nebulas, white dwarfs, red supergiants, Type Ia supernovas, Type II supernovas, neutron stars/pulsars, and black holes ii: Spectral Classification of Stars spectra and the H-R diagram iii: The Electromagnetic Spectrum multiwavelength observations iv: Stellar Temperatures, Radii, and Luminosities the H-R diagram, blackbody radiation
![Page 5: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Part I: Constellations, Stars, and DSO’s
Aquila: Altair, CoRoT-2A, SS433 Hercules: M13Aquarius: NGC 7293 Leo: RegulusAuriga: Capella Lyra: Vega, M57Bootes: Arcturus Orion: Betelgeuse, Rigel, M42Canis Major: Sirius Perseus: AlgolCanis Minor: Procyon Sagittarius: Sag A*, M17, G359.23-0.82Carina: Eta Carinae Scorpius: AntaresCentaurus: Proxima Centauri Taurus: Aldebaran, HL Tau, M1, M45Cassiopeia: Cas A, Tycho, NGC 281 HyadesDorado: 30 Doradus Ursa Minor: PolarisCygnus: Deneb, Cygnus X-1, Ursa Major: Mizar, Alcor, SN1993J NGC 7000 Vela: γ Velorum, Vela SNRGemini: Castor, Pollux, Geminga Virgo: SpicaLibra: Gliese 581
![Page 6: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Aquila: Altair, CoRoT-2A (star with planet), SS433 (X-Ray Binary)
![Page 7: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Aquarius: NGC 7293 (The Helix Nebula)
![Page 8: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Auriga: Capella
![Page 9: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Bootes: Arcturus (Red Giant)
![Page 10: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Canis Major: Sirius & Canis Minor: Procyon (White Dwarf Companions)
![Page 11: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Carina: Eta Carinae (Hypergiant)
![Page 12: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Centaurus: Proxima Centauri (Red Dwarf Star)
![Page 13: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Cassiopeia: Cas A (Type II Supernova) Tycho’s Star (Type Ia Supernova), NGC 281 (Star Formation Region)
![Page 14: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Dorado: 30 Doradus (Tarantula Nebula) – Star Formation Region
![Page 15: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Cygnus: Deneb, Cygnus X-1 (X-Ray Binary) NGC 7000 (North American Nebula)
![Page 16: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Gemini: Castor, Pollux, Geminga (Neutron Star)
![Page 17: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Libra: Gliese 581 (Red Dwarf)
![Page 18: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Hercules: M13 (Globular Cluster)
![Page 19: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Leo: Regulus
![Page 20: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Lyra: Vega, M57 (Ring Nebula – Planetary Nebula & White Dwarf)
![Page 21: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Orion: α Orionis (Betelgeuse - Red Supergiant), Rigel M42 (Orion Nebula – Star Formation Region)
![Page 22: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Perseus: Algol
![Page 23: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Sagittarius: Sgr A*, M 17 (Omega or Swan Nebula – Star Formation Region), G357.23-0.82 (Pulsar)
![Page 24: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Scorpius: α Scorpii – Antares (Red Supergiant)
![Page 25: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Taurus: Aldebaran (Red Giant), HL Tau (Star & Planet), Hyades (Open Cluster), M1 (Crab Nebula - SNR), M45 (Pleiades – Open Cluster)
![Page 26: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Ursa Minor: Polaris Ursa Major: Mizar, Alcor, SN1993J (Supernova in M81)
![Page 27: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Vela: γ Velorum (multiple system – Wolf Rayet Star), Vela SNR
![Page 28: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Virgo: Spica
![Page 29: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Part II i: Stellar Evolution
![Page 30: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Arcturus – K1
Procyon – F5
Sun – G2
Part II ii: Spectral Classification of Stars
![Page 31: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Summary of the Classification of Stars
SpectralClass
Temperature (oK) Strength of Balmer lines Other lines to look for
O 30,000 - 60,000 weak or not visible Ionized He (4540Å)
B 10,000 - 30,000 moderate
A 7,500 - 10,000 strong
F 6,000 - 7,500 weak Ionized Ca (3930Å, 3970Å) strong compared to neutral H (4340Å)
G 5,000 - 6,000 weak Ionized Ca (3930Å, 3970Å) strong compared to neutral H (4340Å)
K 3,500 - 5,000 weak or not visible Many lines, neutral Ca 4230 Å
M < 3,500 not visible Many lines
![Page 32: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
The Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) Diagram
![Page 33: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Spectral Image
Spectral Plot
Spectral Image & Spectral Plot
![Page 34: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Spectral Image& Spectral Plot
HydrogenBalmerLines
Spectral Image, Spectral Plot &BalmerLines
![Page 35: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
HydrogenBalmer Lines
He, Ca, H Lines
![Page 36: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Part II iii: Observations across the Electromagnetic Spectrum
Cas A
Crab Nebula
Eta Carinae
![Page 37: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Part II iv: Stellar Temperatures, radii, and Luminosities
L = 4πR2σT4
![Page 39: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Blackbody Radiation: Planck’s Law & Wien’s Law λmax = 2.9 x 107 /T
![Page 42: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
chandra.harvard.eduhttp://soinc.org
aavso.org
apod.nasa.gov
![Page 43: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: National Science Olympiad Reach for the Stars B Event 2013](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56813ff1550346895dab0704/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
National Reach for the Stars Event Supervisor:Dustin Schroeder - [email protected]
Rules clarifications: available at www.soinc.org under event information
Event Preparation:1. Read the Event Description for content and allowable resources.2. Use the Webinar and PowerPoint for an overview of the content topics and deep sky objects.3. Use the Astronomy Coaches Manuel as a guide to collect images and information for the 2013 competition topics and DSOs. 4. Use the websites in the event description for images and content.5. Download the 2012 Reach for the Stars Event from the AAVSO website to use as a guide for the types of questions and to use as practice with different types of star charts.