User's Manual for - National Renewable Energy Laboratory ...
National Renewable Energy Laboratory - UFTO
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National Renewable Energy Laboratory National Renewable Energy Laboratory David Warner Lee Boughey National Renewable Energy Laboratory Presented to UFTO May 8, 2002 Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle • Bechtel
Transcript of National Renewable Energy Laboratory - UFTO
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
David WarnerLee Boughey
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Presented to UFTO
May 8, 2002Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle • Bechtel
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Earth Lights!
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World Population Growth1750-2100
10
8
6
4
2
1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100
Billio
ns
Developing Countries
Industrial Countries
Source: Population Reference Bureau
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Energy and Economic Development100 Affluence
United Kingdom
Mexico
Bangladesh
China
Poland
South Korea
United StatesFranceJapan
El Salvador Russia
0.1
1
0.1
GD
P Pe
r Cap
ita
($00
0/pe
rson
)
PovertyEthiopia
10
1 10 100 1000
Energy Consumption Per Capita (BTU/person)Source: Energy Information Administration, International Energy Annual 1998 Tables E1, B1, B2; Mike Grillot, 5/17/00Gross Domestic Product per capita is for 1997 in 1990 dollars. Energy Consumption per capita is 1997.
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U.S. Energy Consumption by Source
1850-1999
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1850 1870 1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 1990
Qua
drilli
on B
TUs
Coal
Crude Oil
Natural Gas
Nuclear
Hydro
Non-hydro Renewables
Wood
Source: 1850-1949, Energy Perspectives: A Presentation of Major Energy and Energy-Related Data, U.S. Department of the Interior, 1975; 1950-1996, Annual Energy Review 1996, Table 1.3. Note: Between 1950 and 1990, there was no reporting of non-utility use of renewables. 1997-1999, Annual Energy Review 1999, Table F1b.
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Domestic Productionwith Transportation Use
1970-2020
Mill
ion
Bar
rels
per
Day
Source: EIA Annual Energy Review 1997 Tbls 2.1, 5.1and Annual Energy Outlook 1999 Tbl 11
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U.S. Dependence on Foreign Oil
• Saudi Arabia 25%• Iraq 10%• UAE 9%• Kuwait 9%• Iran 9%• Venezuela 6%• Russia 5%• Mexico 5%• Libya 3%• China 3%• Nigeria 2%• U.S. 2%
• U.S. 26%• Japan 8%• China 6%• Germany 4%• Russia 3%• Italy 3%• France 3%• S. Korea 3%• Canada 3%• England 3%• Brazil 3%• India 3%
Source: International Energy Annual 1998 (EIA), Tables 1.2 and 8.1.
Have OilHave Oil Use OilUse Oil
The U.S. uses more than the next 5 highestconsuming nations combined.
The U.S. uses more than the next 5 highestconsuming nations combined.
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National Security Events Related toMajor Disruptions in Fuel Supply
Source: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/25opec/All_25_Anniversary.xlsBarrels of oil per day removed from world markets as a result of conflicts.
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Atmospheric Concentration of CO2
Year
Atm
osph
eric
CO
2 C
once
ntra
tion
(PPM
V)
Source: Adapted from W.M. Post, T.H. Peng, W.R. Emanuel, A.W. King, V.H. Dale, and D. DeAngelis. American Scientist, 1990. “The Global Carbon Cycle.”
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Shell Sustained Growth Scenario
1500
NuclearHydroGas
Oil &NGL
CoalTrad. Bio.
Surprise
Geothermal
Solar1000
18801860
500
01900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060
Biomass
Exa Windjo
ules
Sources: 1995; Shell, The Evolution of the World’s Energy Systems, 1995
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U.S. Renewable Energy ResourcesWindSolar
Biomass Geothermal
Agricultural resources
Wood resources
Agricultural and
Low inventory
residues
and residues
wood residues
Temperature <90CTemperature >90CGeopressured resources
o
o
10
10
12
12
14
14
16
16
18
1820
20
2224
26
22 2426
16
14
14
1614
12
10
10
12 <10 10-12 12-1414-1616-18 18-2020-2222-24 24-26 26-28 >28
6.0-6.5 m/s13.4-14.6 mph6.5-70 m/s14.6-15.7 mph
>7.0 m/s15.7+ mph
Megajoules/m2
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National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle • Bechtel
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Major DOE National Laboratories
Brookhaven
Pacific Northwest
Lawrence Berkeley
Lawrence Livermoreh
h
hh
h
INEEL
National Renewable National Renewable Energy LaboratoryEnergy Laboratory
Los Alamos
Sandia
Argonne
Oak Ridge
Defense Program Labsn Office of Science Labs
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy LabEnvironmental Management LabFossil Energy Lab
NETL
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Formation of SERI/NREL
• 1974 — Solar Energy Research Development and Demonstration Act; Section 10, Public Law 93-473
• 1975 — National Research Council: “Establishment of a Solar Energy Research Institute Committee" Report; Colorado site selected – MRI
• 1977 — SERI opened doors
• 1991 — President Bush renamed the Solar Energy Research Institute to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and elevated its status in the laboratory system
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National Renewable Energy LaboratoryiOnly national laboratory dedicated to
renewable energy and energy efficiency R&DiResearch spans fundamental science to technology solutions
iCollaboration with industry and university partners is a hallmark
iResearch programs linked to market opportunities
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Major NREL Technology ThrustsSupply Side
Wind Energy
Solar PhotovoltaicsConcentrating Solar
PowerSolar Buildings Biomass PowerBiofuelsGeothermal EnergyHydrogenSuperconductivityDistributed Power
Demand SideHybrid Vehicles
Fuels UtilizationBuildings Energy
Technology
Federal EnergyManagement
Advanced Industrial Technologies
Cross CuttingBasic Energy ScienceAnalytical StudiesInternational Programs
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South Table Mountain Site
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National Wind Technology Center
Industrial User Facility
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Renewable Energy Cost TrendsCost of Electricity (¢/KWH)
Source: Billman, Advances in Solar Energy submission, 1/8/99
100
80
60
40
20
01980 1985 1990 1995
PV Wind40
30
20
10
01980 1985 1990 1995
Wind
10
8
6
4
2
01980 1985 1990 1995
Geothermal
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Agenda
9:00 am – 9.50 am Solar Programs Overview
10:00 am – 10:50 am Distributed Energy Resources and Hydrogen
11:00 am – 11:30 am Superconductivity Program
11:45 am – 12:50 pm Energy Analysis Overview / Lunch
1:00 pm – 1:50 pm Biofuels Overview
2:00 pm – 2:50 pm Bioenergy Overview
3:30 pm – 5:00 pm Wind Power / Hybrid Test Facility Overview
