National Plant Monitoring Scheme SPECIES LISTS...1 National Plant Monitoring Scheme Name Common name...

SPECIES LISTS

National Plant Monitoring Scheme

IndexArable Field Margins ................................................................................................... 1

Bog and wet heath comprising Blanket bog (BB), Raised bog (RB) and Wet heath (WH) ........................... 2

Blanket bog .......................................................................................................... 4

Raised bog ............................................................................................................. 5

Wet heath ............................................................................................................ 6

Broadleaved woodland comprising Dry deciduous woodland (DDW), Hedgerows of native species (HNS) and Wet woodland (WW).................................................................................................. 7

Dry deciduous woodland .......................................................................................... 9

Hedgerows of native species .....................................................................................10

Wet woodland .......................................................................................................11

Coast comprising Coastal saltmarsh (CS), Coastal sand dunes (CSD), Coastal vegetated shingle (CVS), Machair (M) and Maritime cliff tops and slopes (MCT) ..................................................................12

Coastal saltmarsh ................................................................................................... 15Coastal sand dunes ................................................................................................. 16Coastal vegetated shingle ......................................................................................... 17Machair ............................................................................................................... 18Maritime cliff tops and slopes .................................................................................... 19

Fresh water comprising Nutrient-poor lakes and ponds (NPL), Nutrient-rich lakes and ponds (NRL) and Rivers and streams (RS) ............................................................................................. 20

Nutrient-poor lakes and ponds ................................................................................... 22Nutrient-rich lakes and ponds ................................................................................... 23Rivers and streams ................................................................................................. 24

Heathland comprising Dry heathland (DH) and Dry montane heathland (DMH) .....................................25Dry heathland ....................................................................................................... 27Dry montane heathland ........................................................................................... 28

Lowland grassland comprising Dry acid grassland (DAG), Dry calcareous grassland (DCG), Neutral damp grassland (NDG) and Neutral pastures and meadows (NPM) ............................................29

Dry acid grassland .................................................................................................. 32Dry calcareous grassland .......................................................................................... 33Neutral damp grassland............................................................................................ 34Neutral pastures and meadows .................................................................................. 35

Marsh and Fen comprising Acidic fens, flushes, mires and springs (AFF) and Base-rich fens, flushes, mires and springs (BFF) ......................................................................................................... 36

Acidic fens, flushes, mires and springs ......................................................................... 38Base-rich fens, flushes, mires and springs.....................................................................39

Native pinewood and juniper scrub ............................................................................... 40

Rock outcrops cliffs and screes comprising Inland rocks and scree (IRS) and Montane rocks and scree (MRS) .......................................................................................................... 41

Inland rocks and scree .............................................................................................43Montane rocks and scree ..........................................................................................44

Upland grassland comprising Montane acid grassland (MAG) and Montane calcareous grassland (MCG) ..........45Montane acid grassland ............................................................................................47Montane calcareous grassland ................................................................................... 48

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SPECIES LISTS

National Plant Monitoring Scheme

Support and adviceWe value your time and effort and a dedicated team is able to support you with your survey. Keep up to date with workshops and training days by visiting www.npms.org.uk.

If you have questions about any aspect of this survey methodology or would simply like some more advice then please email [email protected] or phone (01722) 342730 (mobile) 07711 922098.

A separate document covering many FAQs is also available on the NPMS website, under the ‘Resources’ section.

Where data cannot be entered online survey forms should be sent to:NPMS Volunteer CoordinatorPlantlifeBrewery House36 Milford StreetSalisburyWiltshireSP1 2AP

You can also see updates, news and join in the conversation by following us on:

Twitter – @theNPMS

Facebook – National Plant Monitoring Scheme

You are also invited to join a closed Facebook group of registered NPMS volunteers: NPMS Support. This is a friendly point of contact between volunteers and a space for sharing survey experiences.

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1 National Plant Monitoring Scheme

Name Common name WF Indicator Page No.

Aethusa cynapium Fool's Parsley + 2

Alopecurus myosuroides Black-grass - 130

Anagallis arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel + 63

Anthemis cotula Stinking Chamomile + 4

Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's Purse + 8

Cerastium glomeratum Sticky Mouse-ear + 9

Chaenorhinum minus Small Toadflax + 87

Chenopodium album Fat-hen + 107

Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle - 87

Euphorbia exigua Dwarf Spurge + 109

Euphorbia helioscopia Sun Spurge + 109

Fumaria sp. Fumitories + 71

Galium aparine Cleavers / Goosegrass - 14

Glebionis segetum (Chrysanthemum segetum) Corn Marigold + 38

Kickxia elatine Sharp-leaved Fluellen + 42

Kickxia spuria Round-leaved Fluellen + 42

Lamium amplexicaule Henbit Dead-nettle + 74

Matricaria chamomilla (Matricaria recutita) Scented Mayweed + 20

Medicago lupulina Black Medick + 46

Persicaria lapathifolia Pale Persicaria + 22

Reseda lutea Wild Mignonette + 52

Sherardia arvensis Field Madder + 77

Silene latifolia White Campion + 29

Sonchus arvensis Perennial Sowthistle + 57

Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sowthistle + 58

Stellaria media Common Chickweed - 30

Tripleurospermum inodorum Scentless Mayweed + 32

Urtica dioica Common Nettle - 117

Vicia hirsuta Hairy Tare + 104

Viola arvensis Field Pansy + 62

Arable Field Margins

Species Lists 2

Name Common name WF Page No. Fine Habitats

Betula pubescens / pendula Downy Birch / Silver Birch 148 All

Blechnum spicant Hard-fern 126 BB / RB

Calluna vulgaris Heather 84 All

Carex echinata Star Sedge 141 RB

Carex limosa Bog-sedge 141 BB

Carex nigra Common Sedge 142 RB

Carex panicea Carnation Sedge 142 RB

Carex rostrata Bottle Sedge 144 BB / RB

Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle 87 All

Cirsium dissectum Meadow Thistle 88 WH

Conifer seedlings / saplings Conifer seedlings / saplings 153 All

Dactylorhiza maculata Heath Spotted-orchid 70 WH

Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hair-grass 134 RB

Drosera anglica Great Sundew 12 BB/ RB

Drosera intermedia Oblong-leaved Sundew 12 WH

Drosera rotundifolia Round-leaved Sundew 12 All

Eleocharis multicaulis Many-stalked Spike-rush 145 RB

Empetrum nigrum Crowberry 90 BB / RB

Erica cinerea Bell Heather 91 BB / WH

Erica tetralix Cross-leaved Heath 71 All

Eriophorum angustifolium Common Cottongrass 145 All

Eriophorum vaginatum Hare's-tail Cottongrass 146 BB / RB

Huperzia selago Fir Clubmoss 124 RB / WH

Juncus inflexus / effusus / conglomeratus Hard Rush / Soft Rush / Compact Rush 138/139 All

Juncus squarrosus Heath Rush 139 BB

Luzula multiflora Heath Wood-rush 154 WH

Menyanthes trifoliata Bogbean 20 All

Molinia caerulea Purple Moor-grass 136 All

Myrica gale Bog-myrtle 111 All

Nardus stricta Mat-grass 136 BB

Narthecium ossifragum Bog Asphodel 47 All

Neottia cordata (Listera cordata) Lesser Twayblade 111 BB

Pedicularis sylvatica Lousewort 75 WH

Pinguicula lusitanica Pale Butterwort 96 WH

Pinguicula vulgaris Common Butterwort 96 WH

Bog and wet heath comprising Blanket bog (BB), Raised bog (RB) and Wet heath (WH)


Potamogeton polygonifolius Bog Pondweed 123 RB

Potentilla erecta Tormentil 49 BB / WH

Rhynchospora alba White Beak-sedge 146 All

Rubus chamaemorus Cloudberry 25 BB

Schoenus nigricans Black Bog-rush 147 WH

Scutellaria minor Lesser Skullcap 76 BB

Succisa pratensis Devil's-bit Scabious 101 WH

Trichophorum germanicum (Trichophorum cespitosum) Deergrass 147 BB / WH

Ulex gallii / minor Western Gorse / Dwarf Gorse 61 WH

Urtica dioica Common Nettle 117 All

Vaccinium myrtillus Bilberry / Blaeberry 81 All

Vaccinium oxycoccos Cranberry 81 BB / RB

Vaccinium vitis-idaea Cowberry 81 RB

Viola palustris Marsh Violet 104 RB / WH

Species Lists 4


Betula pubescens / pendula Downy Birch / Silver Birch - 148

Blechnum spicant Hard-fern + 126

Calluna vulgaris Heather + 84

Carex limosa Bog-sedge + 141

Carex rostrata Bottle Sedge + 144


Conifer seedlings / saplings Conifer seedlings / saplings - 153

Drosera anglica Great Sundew + 12

Drosera rotundifolia Round-leaved Sundew + 12

Empetrum nigrum Crowberry + 90

Erica cinerea Bell Heather + 91

Erica tetralix Cross-leaved Heath + 71

Eriophorum angustifolium Common Cottongrass + 145

Eriophorum vaginatum Hare's-tail Cottongrass + 146

Juncus inflexus / effusus / conglomeratus Hard Rush / Soft Rush / Compact Rush - 138/139

Juncus squarrosus Heath Rush + 139

Menyanthes trifoliata Bogbean + 20

Molinia caerulea Purple Moor-grass + 136

Myrica gale Bog-myrtle + 111

Nardus stricta Mat-grass + 136

Narthecium ossifragum Bog Asphodel + 47

Neottia cordata (Listera cordata) Lesser Twayblade + 111

Potentilla erecta Tormentil + 49

Rhynchospora alba White Beak-sedge + 146

Rubus chamaemorus Cloudberry + 25

Scutellaria minor Lesser Skullcap + 76

Trichophorum germanicum (Trichophorum cespitosum) Deergrass + 147


Vaccinium myrtillus Bilberry / Blaeberry + 81

Vaccinium oxycoccos Cranberry + 81

Blanket Bog






Carex echinata Star Sedge + 141

Carex nigra Common Sedge + 142

Carex panicea Carnation Sedge + 142




Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hair-grass + 134

Drosera anglica Great Sundew + 12


Eleocharis multicaulis Many-stalked Spike-rush + 145




Eriophorum vaginatum Hare's-tail Cottongrass + 146

Huperzia selago Fir Clubmoss + 124






Potamogeton polygonifolius Bog Pondweed + 123




Vaccinium oxycoccos Cranberry + 81

Vaccinium vitis-idaea Cowberry + 81

Viola palustris Marsh Violet + 104

Raised bog

Species Lists 6





Cirsium dissectum Meadow Thistle + 88


Dactylorhiza maculata Heath Spotted-orchid + 70

Drosera intermedia Oblong-leaved Sundew + 12







Luzula multiflora Heath Wood-rush + 154





Pedicularis sylvatica Lousewort + 75

Pinguicula lusitanica Pale Butterwort + 96

Pinguicula vulgaris Common Butterwort + 96



Schoenus nigricans Black Bog-rush + 147

Succisa pratensis Devil's-bit Scabious + 101

Trichophorum germanicum (Trichophorum cespitosum) Deergrass + 147

Ulex gallii / minor Western Gorse / Dwarf Gorse + 61




Wet heath



Ajuga reptans Bugle 83 WW

Allium ursinum Ramsons 3 DDW

Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley 4 HNS

Arctium minus / nemorosum Lesser / Wood Burdock 83 HNS

Arum maculatum Lords-and-Ladies / Cuckoopint 106 HNS

Asplenium scolopendrium (Phyllitis scolopendrium) Hart's-tongue 125 HNS

Berula erecta Lesser Water-parsnip 7 WW

Caltha palustris Marsh-marigold 34 WW

Campanula latifolia Giant Bellflower 85 DDW

Campanula trachelium Nettle-leaved Bellflower 86 DDW

Carex pendula Pendulous Sedge 143 WW

Carex remota Remote Sedge 144 WW

Carex sylvatica Wood-sedge 145 DDW

Ceratocapnos claviculata Climbing Corydalis 9 DDW

Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil 9 HNS

Circaea lutetiana Enchanter's-nightshade 10 HNS / WW

Clematis vitalba Traveller's-joy 10 HNS

Cornus sanguinea Dogwood 149 HNS

Corylus avellana Hazel 149 DDW / WW

Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn 150 HNS

Crepis paludosa Marsh Hawk's-beard 35 WW

Cynoglossum officinale Hound's-tongue 63 DDW

Cytisus scoparius Broom 36 HNS

Daphne laureola Spurge-laurel 108 DDW

Digitalis purpurea Foxglove 90 HNS

Euonymus europaeus Spindle 150 HNS

Euphorbia amygdaloides Wood Spurge 109 DDW

Galium aparine Cleavers / Goosegrass 14 All

Galium odoratum Woodruff 15 DDW

Geum urbanum Wood Avens 37 All

Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy 92 HNS

Hedera helix Common Ivy 110 DDW / HNS

Heracleum mantegazzianum Giant Hogweed 17 WW

Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed 17 HNS

Hyacinthoides non-scripta Bluebell 93 HNS

Broadleaved woodland comprising Dry deciduous woodland (DDW), Hedgerows of native species (HNS) and Wet woodland (WW)

Species Lists 8

Hydrocotyle vulgaris Marsh Pennywort 73 WW

Hypericum tetrapterum Square-stalked St John's-wort 40 WW

Ilex aquifolium Holly 150 DDW

Impatiens glandulifera Himalayan Balsam 73 HNS / WW

Jasione montana Sheep's-bit 93 HNS

Lamiastrum galeobdolon Yellow Archangel 43 DDW / WW

Lonicera periclymenum Honeysuckle 44 HNS / WW

Lycopus europaeus Gypsywort 19 WW

Lysichiton americanus American Skunk-cabbage 45 WW

Lysimachia nemorum Yellow Pimpernel 45 WW

Lythrum salicaria Purple-loosestrife 94 WW

Melica uniflora Wood Melick 135 DDW

Mercurialis perennis Dog's Mercury 110 DDW

Milium effusum Wood Millet 136 DDW

Moehringia trinervia Three-nerved Sandwort 21 DDW

Mycelis muralis Wall Lettuce 47 DDW

Neottia ovata (Listera ovata) Common Twayblade 111 DDW

Osmunda regalis Royal Fern 129 WW

Petasites hybridus Butterbur 75 WW

Potentilla sterilis Barren Strawberry 24 HNS

Prunus spinosa Blackthorn 151 HNS

Rhamnus cathartica Buckthorn 151 WW

Rhododendron ponticum Rhododendron 152 DDW

Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble 25 HNS

Ruscus aculeatus Butcher's-broom 26 DDW

Sanicula europaea Sanicle 27 DDW

Scirpus sylvaticus Wood Club-rush 147 WW

Scutellaria galericulata Skullcap 99 WW

Silene dioica Red Campion 77 DDW / WW

Solidago virgaurea Goldenrod 57 HNS

Stellaria graminea Lesser Stitchwort 30 HNS

Stellaria holostea Greater Stitchwort 30 WW

Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry 153 DDW

Tamus communis Black Bryony 115 HNS

Teucrium scorodonia Wood Sage 116 DDW / HNS

Torilis japonica Upright Hedge-parsley 31 HNS


Valeriana dioica Marsh Valerian 82 WW

Veronica montana Wood Speedwell 103 DDW / WW

Viola riviniana / reichenbachiana Common Dog-violet / Early Dog-violet 105 DDW



Allium ursinum Ramsons + 3

Campanula latifolia Giant Bellflower + 85

Campanula trachelium Nettle-leaved Bellflower + 86

Carex sylvatica Wood-sedge + 145

Ceratocapnos claviculata Climbing Corydalis + 9

Corylus avellana Hazel + 149

Cynoglossum officinale Hound's-tongue + 63

Daphne laureola Spurge-laurel + 108

Euphorbia amygdaloides Wood Spurge + 109


Galium odoratum Woodruff + 15

Geum urbanum Wood Avens + 37

Hedera helix Common Ivy - 110

Ilex aquifolium Holly + 150

Lamiastrum galeobdolon Yellow Archangel + 43

Melica uniflora Wood Melick + 135

Mercurialis perennis Dog's Mercury + 110

Milium effusum Wood Millet + 136

Moehringia trinervia Three-nerved Sandwort + 21

Mycelis muralis Wall Lettuce + 47

Neottia ovata (Listera ovata) Common Twayblade + 111

Rhododendron ponticum Rhododendron - 152

Ruscus aculeatus Butcher's-broom + 26

Sanicula europaea Sanicle + 27

Silene dioica Red Campion + 77

Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry - 153

Teucrium scorodonia Wood Sage + 116


Veronica montana Wood Speedwell + 103

Viola riviniana / reichenbachiana Common Dog-violet / Early Dog-violet + 105

Dry deciduous woodland

Species Lists 10


Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley - 4

Arctium minus / nemorosum Lesser / Wood Burdock + 83

Arum maculatum Lords-and-Ladies / Cuckoopint + 106

Asplenium scolopendrium (Phyllitis scolopendrium) Hart's-tongue + 125

Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil + 9

Circaea lutetiana Enchanter's-nightshade + 10

Clematis vitalba Traveller's-joy + 10

Cornus sanguinea Dogwood + 149

Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn + 150

Cytisus scoparius Broom + 36

Digitalis purpurea Foxglove + 90

Euonymus europaeus Spindle + 150



Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy + 92

Hedera helix Common Ivy + 110

Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed + 17

Hyacinthoides non-scripta Bluebell + 93

Impatiens glandulifera Himalayan Balsam - 73

Jasione montana Sheep's-bit + 93

Lonicera periclymenum Honeysuckle + 44

Potentilla sterilis Barren Strawberry + 24

Prunus spinosa Blackthorn + 151

Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble - 25

Solidago virgaurea Goldenrod + 57

Stellaria graminea Lesser Stitchwort + 30

Tamus communis Black Bryony + 115

Teucrium scorodonia Wood Sage + 116

Torilis japonica Upright Hedge-parsley + 31


Hedgerows of native species



Ajuga reptans Bugle + 83

Berula erecta Lesser Water-parsnip + 7

Caltha palustris Marsh-marigold + 34

Carex pendula Pendulous Sedge + 143

Carex remota Remote Sedge + 144

Circaea lutetiana Enchanter's-nightshade + 10

Corylus avellana Hazel + 149

Crepis paludosa Marsh Hawk's-beard + 35

Galium aparine Cleavers - 14


Heracleum mantegazzianum Giant Hogweed - 17

Hydrocotyle vulgaris Marsh Pennywort + 73

Hypericum tetrapterum Square-stalked St John's-wort + 40


Lamiastrum galeobdolon Yellow Archangel + 43

Lonicera periclymenum Honeysuckle + 44

Lycopus europaeus Gypsywort + 19

Lysichiton americanus American Skunk-cabbage - 45

Lysimachia nemorum Yellow Pimpernel + 45

Lythrum salicaria Purple-loosestrife + 94

Osmunda regalis Royal Fern + 129

Petasites hybridus Butterbur + 75

Rhamnus cathartica Buckthorn + 151

Scirpus sylvaticus Wood Club-rush + 147

Scutellaria galericulata Skullcap + 99

Silene dioica Red Campion + 77

Stellaria holostea Greater Stitchwort + 30


Valeriana dioica Marsh Valerian + 82

Veronica montana Wood Speedwell + 103

Wet woodland

Species Lists 12


Achillea millefolium Yarrow 2 M / MCT

Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail 130 CSD

Ammophila arenaria Marram 131 CVS

Angelica sylvestris Wild Angelica 3 M

Apium graveolens Wild Celery 5 CS

Armeria maritima Thrift 66 CS / MCT

Aster tripolium Sea Aster 83 CS

Atriplex portulacoides Sea Purslane 106 CS

Atriplex sp. Orache 107 CVS

Bellis perennis Daisy 6 M

Beta vulgaris Beet 107 CS / CVS

Blackstonia perfoliata Yellow-wort 34 MCT

Bromus hordeaceus Soft-brome 133 MCT

Calluna vulgaris Heather 84 MCT

Calystegia sepium Hedge Bindweed 7 CS

Carex arenaria Sand Sedge 140 M

Carex flacca Glaucous Sedge 141 CSD

Carex pulicaris Flea Sedge 143 MCT

Carlina vulgaris Carline Thistle 34 CSD / MCT

Carpobrotus edulis Hottentot-fig 67 MCT

Centaurea scabiosa Greater Knapweed 86 MCT

Cerastium arvense Field Mouse-ear 8 CSD

Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear 8 CVS / M

Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle 87 CSD / CVS / M

Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle 89 CVS

Cochlearia sp. Scurvygrasses 10 CS

Crambe maritima Sea-kale 11 CVS

Crithmum maritimum Rock Samphire 35 CVS / MCT

Elytrigia atherica Sea Couch 134 CS

Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail 127 M

Equisetum palustre Marsh Horsetail 128 CSD

Erica cinerea Bell Heather 91 MCT

Filago minima Small Cudweed 36 CSD

Galium aparine Cleavers / Goosegrass 14 CVS / M

Coast comprising Coastal saltmarsh (CS), Coastal sand dunes (CSD), Coastal vegetated shingle (CVS), Machair (M) and Maritime cliff tops and slopes (MCT)


Galium verum Lady's Bedstraw 36 M

Genista tinctoria Dyer's Greenweed 37 MCT

Gentianella amarella Autumn Gentian 91 M

Geranium robertianum Herb-Robert 72 CVS

Geranium sanguineum Bloody Crane's-bill 72 CSD

Glaucium flavum Yellow Horned-poppy 38 CVS

Glaux maritima Sea Milkwort 72 CS

Helianthemum nummularium Common Rock-rose 38 MCT

Helminthotheca echiodes (Picris echioides) Bristly Oxtongue 39 CVS

Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed 17 CS

Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog 135 CVS

Honckenya peploides Sea Sandwort 110 CVS

Hyacinthoides non-scripta Bluebell 93 MCT

Hydrocotyle vulgaris Marsh Pennywort 73 CS

Hypochaeris radicata Cat's-ear 41 CVS

Jasione montana Sheep's-bit 93 MCT

Juncus gerardii Saltmarsh Rush 138 CS

Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce 43 CVS

Leucanthemum vulgare Oxeye Daisy 18 M

Ligusticum scoticum Scots Lovage 18 MCT

Limonium sp. Sea-lavenders 94 CS

Linum catharticum Fairy Flax 18 M

Lotus corniculatus Common Bird's-foot-trefoil 44 CS / M / MCT

Lysimachia vulgaris Yellow Loosestrife 46 CSD

Medicago lupulina Black Medick 46 CSD / M

Odontites vernus Red Bartsia 74 M

Ophioglossum vulgatum Adder's-tongue 128 CSD

Pilosella officinarum Mouse-ear-hawkweed 48 CSD / M / MCT

Plantago coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain 112 CSD / CVS

Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain 112 CVS / M

Plantago maritima Sea Plantain 112 CS / MCT

Polygala serpyllifolia / vulgaris Heath Milkwort / Common Milkwort 97 MCT

Potentilla anserina Silverweed 49 CS / CVS

Potentilla erecta Tormentil 49 MCT

Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil 49 CSD

Poterium sanguisorba (Sanguisorba minor) Salad Burnet 113 MCT

Prunella vulgaris Selfheal 98 M

Prunus spinosa Blackthorn 151 MCT

Species Lists 14

Puccinellia maritima Common Saltmarsh-grass 137 CS

Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup 50 CSD

Ranunculus bulbosus Bulbous Buttercup 51 M / MCT

Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup 51 CSD

Rhinanthus minor Yellow-rattle 53 M

Rosa rugosa Japanese Rose 76 CSD / CVS / M

Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble 25 CSD / CVS / M / MCT

Rumex acetosella Sheep's Sorrel 65 CSD / M

Rumex crispus Curled Dock 113 CVS

Rumex crispus / obtusifolius Curled Dock / Broad-leaved Dock 113/114 MCT

Sagina apetala Annual Pearlwort 114 CVS

Sagina nodosa Knotted Pearlwort 26 CSD

Salix repens Creeping Willow 152 CSD / M

Salvia verbenaca Wild Clary 98 MCT

Sedum acre Biting Stonecrop 54 CVS

Senecio erucifolius Hoary Ragwort 55 CSD

Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort 56 CSD / CVS

Silene flos-cuculi (Lychnis flos-cuculi) Ragged-Robin 77 CS

Silene uniflora Sea Campion 29 CS / CVS / MCT

Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet / Woody Nightshade 100 CVS

Sonchus arvensis Perennial Sowthistle 57 CS / CVS

Sonchus asper Prickly Sowthistle 58 CVS

Spartina anglica Common Cord-grass 137 CS

Spergularia marina Lesser Sea-spurrey 78 CS

Spergularia media Greater Sea-spurrey 78 CS

Suaeda maritima Annual Sea-blite 115 CS

Succisa pratensis Devil's-bit Scabious 101 M

Thalictrum minus Lesser Meadow-rue 31 CSD / M

Thymus polytrichus / pulegioides Wild Thyme / Large Thyme 79 M

Trifolium fragiferum Strawberry Clover 80 CSD

Trifolium pratense Red Clover 80 CSD / M

Trifolium repens White Clover 32 CSD / M

Trifolium striatum Knotted Clover 80 MCT

Triglochin maritimum Sea Arrowgrass 116 CS

Ulex europaeus Gorse 60 MCT

Urtica dioica Common Nettle 117 CSD / CVS / M

Valerianella locusta Common Cornsalad 102 CSD

Vicia cracca Tufted Vetch 103 CS / CSD



Apium graveolens Wild Celery + 5

Armeria maritima Thrift + 66

Aster tripolium Sea Aster + 83

Atriplex portulacoides Sea Purslane + 106

Beta vulgaris Beet + 107

Calystegia sepium Hedge Bindweed + 7

Cochlearia sp. Scurvygrasses + 10

Elytrigia atherica Sea Couch + 134

Glaux maritima Sea Milkwort + 72



Juncus gerardii Saltmarsh Rush + 138

Limonium sp. Sea-lavenders + 94

Lotus corniculatus Common Bird's-foot-trefoil + 44

Plantago maritima Sea Plantain + 112

Potentilla anserina Silverweed + 49

Puccinellia maritima Common Saltmarsh-grass + 137

Silene uniflora Sea Campion + 29

Silene flos-cuculi (Lychnis flos-cuculi) Ragged-Robin + 77


Spartina anglica Common Cord-grass - 137

Spergularia marina Lesser Sea-spurrey + 78

Spergularia media Greater Sea-spurrey + 78

Suaeda maritima Annual Sea-blite + 115

Triglochin maritimum Sea Arrowgrass + 116

Vicia cracca Tufted Vetch + 103

Coastal saltmarsh

Species Lists 16


Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail + 130

Carex flacca Glaucous Sedge + 141

Carlina vulgaris Carline Thistle + 34

Cerastium arvense Field Mouse-ear + 8


Equisetum palustre Marsh Horsetail + 128

Filago minima Small Cudweed + 36

Geranium sanguineum Bloody Crane's-bill + 72

Lysimachia vulgaris Yellow Loosestrife + 46


Ophioglossum vulgatum Adder's-tongue + 128

Pilosella officinarum Mouse-ear-hawkweed + 48

Plantago coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain + 112

Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil + 49

Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup + 50

Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup + 51

Rosa rugosa Japanese Rose - 76


Rumex acetosella Sheep's Sorrel + 65

Sagina nodosa Knotted Pearlwort + 26

Salix repens Creeping Willow + 152

Senecio erucifolius Hoary Ragwort + 55

Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort - 56

Thalictrum minus Lesser Meadow-rue + 31

Trifolium fragiferum Strawberry Clover + 80

Trifolium pratense Red Clover + 80

Trifolium repens White Clover + 32


Valerianella locusta Common Cornsalad + 102


Coastal sand dunes



Ammophila arenaria Marram + 131

Atriplex sp. Orache + 107

Beta vulgaris Beet + 107

Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear + 8


Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle + 89

Crambe maritima Sea-kale + 11

Crithmum maritimum Rock Samphire + 35


Geranium robertianum Herb-Robert + 72

Glaucium flavum Yellow Horned-poppy + 38

Helminthotheca echiodes (Picris echioides) Bristly Oxtongue + 39

Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog + 135

Honckenya peploides Sea Sandwort + 110

Hypochaeris radicata Cat's-ear + 41

Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce + 43


Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain + 112




Rumex crispus Curled Dock + 113

Sagina apetala Annual Pearlwort + 114

Sedum acre Biting Stonecrop + 54

Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort + 56


Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet / Woody Nightshade + 100


Sonchus asper Prickly Sowthistle + 58


Coastal vegetated shingle

Species Lists 18


Achillea millefolium Yarrow + 2

Angelica sylvestris Wild Angelica + 3

Bellis perennis Daisy + 6

Carex arenaria Sand Sedge + 140



Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail + 127


Galium verum Lady's Bedstraw + 36

Gentianella amarella Autumn Gentian + 91

Leucanthemum vulgare Oxeye Daisy + 18

Linum catharticum Fairy Flax + 18



Odontites vernus Red Bartsia + 74



Prunella vulgaris Selfheal + 98

Ranunculus bulbosus Bulbous Buttercup + 51

Rhinanthus minor Yellow-rattle + 53




Salix repens Creeping Willow + 152


Thalictrum minus Lesser Meadow-rue + 31

Thymus polytrichus / pulegioides Wild Thyme / Large Thyme + 79




Machair





Blackstonia perfoliata Yellow-wort + 34

Bromus hordeaceus Soft-brome + 133


Carex pulicaris Flea Sedge + 143

Carlina vulgaris Carline Thistle + 34

Carpobrotus edulis Hottentot-fig - 67

Centaurea scabiosa Greater Knapweed + 86

Crithmum maritimum Rock Samphire + 35


Genista tinctoria Dyer's Greenweed + 37

Helianthemum nummularium Common Rock-rose + 38



Ligusticum scoticum Scots Lovage + 18




Polygala serpyllifolia / vulgaris Heath Milkwort / Common Milkwort + 97


Poterium sanguisorba (Sanguisorba minor) Salad Burnet + 113

Prunus spinosa Blackthorn - 151



Rumex crispus / obtusifolius Curled Dock / Broad-leaved Dock - 113/114

Salvia verbenaca Wild Clary + 98


Trifolium striatum Knotted Clover + 80

Ulex europaeus Gorse - 60

Maritime cliff tops and slopes

Species Lists 20


Alisma plantago-aquatica Water-plantain 2 NPL / NRL

Alnus glutinosa Alder 148 NRL

Apium nodiflorum Fool's-water-cress 5 RS

Azolla filiculoides Water Fern 118 All

Berula erecta Lesser Water-parsnip 7 RS

Bidens tripartita Trifid Bur-marigold 33 NRL

Butomus umbellatus Flowering Rush 67 NRL / RS

Carex otrubae False Fox-sedge 142 RS

Carex paniculata Greater Tussock-sedge 143 NRL

Carex rostrata Bottle Sedge 144 NPL

Comarum palustre (Potentilla palustris) Marsh Cinquefoil 89 NPL

Crassula helmsii New Zealand Pigmyweed 118 All

Dipsacus fullonum Wild Teasel 90 RS

Eleocharis multicaulis Many-stalked Spike-rush 145 NPL

Elodea canadensis / nuttallii Canadian Waterweed / Nuttall's Waterweed 118/119 All

Equisetum fluviatile Water Horsetail 127 NPL

Galium palustre Common Marsh-bedstraw 15 NRL / RS

Glyceria maxima Reed Sweet-grass 134 All

Hippuris vulgaris Mare's Tail 119 NPL

Hottonia palustris Water-violet 92 NRL

Hydrocharis morsus-ranae Frogbit 17 NRL / RS

Hydrocotyle vulgaris Marsh Pennywort 73 NPL

Iris pseudacorus Yellow Iris 42 NPL

Lemna gibba Fat Duckweed 119 All

Lemna trisulca Ivy-leaved Duckweed 120 NPL / RS

Littorella uniflora Shoreweed 19 NRL

Lobelia dortmanna Water Lobelia 120 NPL

Lotus pedunculatus Greater Bird's-foot-trefoil 45 NPL

Lysimachia vulgaris Yellow Loosestrife 46 NRL

Mentha aquatica Water Mint 94 NRL / RS

Menyanthes trifoliata Bogbean 20 NPL

Myriophyllum aquaticum Parrot's-feather 120 All

Nasturtium officinale (Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum) Water-cress 121 RS

Nuphar lutea Yellow Water-lily 121 All

Fresh water comprising Nutrient-poor lakes and ponds (NPL), Nutrient-rich lakes and ponds (NRL) and Rivers and streams (RS)


Nymphaea alba White Water-lily 122 All

Pedicularis palustris Marsh Lousewort 74 NPL

Persicaria amphibia Amphibious Bistort 75 RS

Persicaria bistorta Common Bistort 122 NPL / NRL

Potamogeton crispus Curled Pondweed 122 NRL / RS

Potamogeton perfoliatus Perfoliate Pondweed 123 NPL / RS

Potentilla anserina Silverweed 49 RS

Ranunculus sceleratus Celery-leaved Buttercup 51 NPL

Ranunculus sp. (water-crowfoots) Water-crowsfoot 24 NRL / RS

Rumex hydrolapathum Water Dock 114 RS

Sagittaria sagittifolia Arrowhead 27 NRL / RS

Schoenoplectus lacustris (Scirpus lacustris) Common Club-rush 146 NPL / NRL

Silene flos-cuculi (Lychnis flos-cuculi) Ragged-Robin 77 NPL

Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet / Woody Nightshade 100 NPL / RS

Sparganium erectum Branched Bur-reed 115 NPL / RS

Spirodela polyrhiza Greater Duckweed 123 All

Stachys palustris Marsh Woundwort 100 NPL / RS

Symphytum officinale Common Comfrey 101 NRL

Thalictrum flavum Common Meadow-rue 31 NRL

Typha latifolia Bulrush / Common Reedmace 117 NRL / RS

Veronica beccabunga Brooklime 102 NRL

Vicia cracca Tufted Vetch 103 NRL

Species Lists 22


Alisma plantago-aquatica Water-plantain + 2

Azolla filiculoides Water Fern - 118


Comarum palustre (Potentilla palustris) Marsh Cinquefoil + 89

Crassula helmsii New Zealand Pigmyweed - 118

Eleocharis multicaulis Many-stalked Spike-rush + 145

Elodea canadensis / nuttallii Canadian Waterweed / Nuttall's Waterweed - 118/119

Equisetum fluviatile Water Horsetail + 127

Glyceria maxima Reed Sweet-grass - 134

Hippuris vulgaris Mare's Tail + 119


Iris pseudacorus Yellow Iris + 42

Lemna gibba Fat Duckweed + 119

Lemna trisulca Ivy-leaved Duckweed + 120

Lobelia dortmanna Water Lobelia + 120

Lotus pedunculatus Greater Bird's-foot-trefoil + 45


Myriophyllum aquaticum Parrot's-feather - 120

Nuphar lutea Yellow Water-lily + 121

Nymphaea alba White Water-lily + 122

Pedicularis palustris Marsh Lousewort + 74

Persicaria bistorta Common Bistort + 122

Potamogeton perfoliatus Perfoliate Pondweed + 123

Ranunculus sceleratus Celery-leaved Buttercup + 51

Schoenoplectus lacustris (Scirpus lacustris) Common Club-rush + 146



Sparganium erectum Branched Bur-reed + 115

Spirodela polyrhiza Greater Duckweed + 123

Stachys palustris Marsh Woundwort + 100

Nutrient-poor lakes and ponds



Alisma plantago-aquatica Water-plantain + 2

Alnus glutinosa Alder + 148


Bidens tripartita Trifid Bur-marigold + 33

Butomus umbellatus Flowering Rush + 67

Carex paniculata Greater Tussock-sedge + 143



Galium palustre Common Marsh-bedstraw + 15


Hottonia palustris Water-violet + 92

Hydrocharis morsus-ranae Frogbit + 17


Littorella uniflora Shoreweed + 19

Lysimachia vulgaris Yellow Loosestrife + 46

Mentha aquatica Water Mint + 94




Persicaria bistorta Common Bistort + 122

Potamogeton crispus Curled Pondweed + 122

Ranunculus sp. (water-crowfoots) Water-crowsfoot + 24

Sagittaria sagittifolia Arrowhead + 27

Schoenoplectus lacustris (Scirpus lacustris) Common Club-rush + 146


Symphytum officinale Common Comfrey + 101

Thalictrum flavum Common Meadow-rue + 31

Typha latifolia Bulrush / Common Reedmace + 117

Veronica beccabunga Brooklime + 102


Nutrient-rich lakes and ponds

Species Lists 24


Apium nodiflorum Fool's-water-cress + 5


Berula erecta Lesser Water-parsnip + 7

Butomus umbellatus Flowering Rush + 67

Carex otrubae False Fox-sedge + 142


Dipsacus fullonum Wild Teasel + 90




Hydrocharis morsus-ranae Frogbit + 17


Lemna trisulca Ivy-leaved Duckweed + 120



Nasturtium officinale (Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum) Water-cress + 121



Persicaria amphibia Amphibious Bistort + 75

Potamogeton crispus Curled Pondweed + 122

Potamogeton perfoliatus Perfoliate Pondweed + 123


Ranunculus sp. (water-crowfoots) Water-crowsfoot + 24

Rumex hydrolapathum Water Dock + 114

Sagittaria sagittifolia Arrowhead + 27


Sparganium erectum Branched Bur-reed + 115


Stachys palustris Marsh Woundwort + 100

Typha latifolia Bulrush / Common Reedmace + 117

Rivers and streams


Name Common name WF Page No. Fine habitats

Agrostis capillaris Common Bent 130 DMH

Anemone nemorosa Wood Anemone 3 DMH

Antennaria dioica Mountain Everlasting 66 DMH

Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass 131 DMH

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry 6 DMH

Betonica officinalis (Stachys officinalis) Betony 84 All

Betula pubescens / pendula Downy Birch / Silver Birch 148 DH

Calluna vulgaris Heather 84 All

Carex bigelowii Bigelow's Sedge, Stiff Sedge 140 DMH

Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear 8 DH


Cuscuta epithymum Dodder 69 DH

Dactylorhiza maculata Heath Spotted-orchid 70 DH

Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hair-grass 134 All

Digitalis purpurea Foxglove 90 DH

Diphasiastrum alpinum Alpine Clubmoss 124 DMH

Empetrum nigrum Crowberry 90 All

Erica cinerea Bell Heather 91 All

Galium saxatile Heath Bedstraw 16 All

Genista anglica Petty Whin 37 All

Huperzia selago Fir Clubmoss 124 DMH

Hypochaeris radicata Cat's-ear 41 All

Jasione montana Sheep's-bit 93 DH

Juniperus communis Common Juniper 151 DMH

Linum catharticum Fairy Flax 18 DH

Lotus corniculatus Common Bird's-foot-trefoil 44 DH

Luzula sylvatica Great Wood-rush 154 DMH

Lycopodium clavatum Stag's-horn Clubmoss 124 DMH

Melampyrum pratense Common Cow-wheat 47 DMH

Nardus stricta Mat-grass 136 All

Pedicularis sylvatica Lousewort 75 DH

Plantago coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain 112 DH

Platanthera bifolia Lesser Butterfly-orchid 24 DH

Polygala serpyllifolia / vulgaris Heath Milkwort / Common Milkwort 97 DH

Primula vulgaris Primrose 50 DMH

Pteridium aquilinum Bracken 129 DH

Heathland comprising Dry heathland (DH) and Dry montane heathland (DMH)

Species Lists 26

Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble 25 DH

Rumex acetosella Sheep's Sorrel 65 DMH

Sedum anglicum English Stonecrop 29 DH

Serratula tinctoria Saw-wort 100 DH

Succisa pratensis Devil's-bit Scabious 101 DMH

Thymus polytrichus / pulegioides Wild Thyme / Large Thyme 79 All

Ulex gallii / minor Western Gorse / Dwarf Gorse 61 All


Vaccinium myrtillus Bilberry / Blaeberry 81 DH

Vaccinium vitis-idaea Cowberry 81 DMH

Veronica officinalis Heath Speedwell 103 DMH



Betonica officinalis (Stachys officinalis) Betony + 84





Cuscuta epithymum Dodder + 69

Dactylorhiza maculata Heath Spotted-orchid + 70


Digitalis purpurea Foxglove + 90



Galium saxatile Heath Bedstraw + 16

Genista anglica Petty Whin + 37






Pedicularis sylvatica Lousewort + 75


Platanthera bifolia Lesser Butterfly-orchid + 24


Pteridium aquilinum Bracken - 129


Sedum anglicum English Stonecrop + 29

Serratula tinctoria Saw-wort + 100





Dry heathland

Species Lists 28


Agrostis capillaris Common Bent - 130

Anemone nemorosa Wood Anemone + 3

Antennaria dioica Mountain Everlasting + 66

Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass - 131

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry + 6



Carex bigelowii Bigelow's Sedge, Stiff Sedge + 140


Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hair-grass - 134

Diphasiastrum alpinum Alpine Clubmoss + 124




Genista anglica Petty Whin + 37



Juniperus communis Common Juniper + 151

Luzula sylvatica Great Wood-rush + 154

Lycopodium clavatum Stag's horn Clubmoss + 124

Melampyrum pratense Common Cow-wheat + 47


Primula vulgaris Primrose + 50







Veronica officinalis Heath Speedwell + 103

Dry montane heathland



Achillea millefolium Yarrow 2 DAG

Agrimonia eupatoria Agrimony 33 NDG

Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail 130 NDG

Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass 131 DAG

Anthyllis vulneraria Kidney Vetch 33 DCG

Avenula pratense (Helictotrichon pratense) Meadow Oat-grass 131 DCG

Bellis perennis Daisy 6 NDG

Betonica officinalis (Stachys officinalis) Betony 84 DAG

Blackstonia perfoliata Yellow-wort 34 DCG

Blechnum spicant Hard-fern 126 DAG

Brachypodium pinnatum Tor-grass, Heath False-brome 132 DCG

Briza media Quaking-grass 132 DCG

Bromopsis erecta Upright Brome 132 DCG

Calluna vulgaris Heather 84 DAG

Caltha palustris Marsh-marigold 34 NDG

Campanula glomerata Clustered Bellflower 84 DCG

Campanula rotundifolia Harebell 85 DCG

Cardamine pratensis Cuckooflower / Lady's Smock 67 NDG

Carduus nutans Musk Thistle / Nodding Thistle 86 NPM

Cerastium arvense Field Mouse-ear 8 DAG

Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear 8 NPM

Cirsium acaule Dwarf Thistle 87 DCG


Colchicum autumnale Autumn Crocus 68 NPM

Conopodium majus Pignut 11 NPM

Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn 150 DCG / NPM

Cruciata laevipes Crosswort 35 NPM

Dactylorhiza fuchsii Common Spotted-orchid 69 NDG

Daucus carota Wild Carrot 11 NPM

Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-grass 133 NDG

Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hair-grass 134 DAG

Erica cinerea Bell Heather 91 DAG

Filago minima Small Cudweed 36 DAG

Filipendula vulgaris Dropwort 13 DCG

Galium album (Galium mollugo) Hedge Bedstraw 14 DCG/ NPM

Lowland grassland comprising Dry acid grassland (DAG), Dry calcareous grassland (DCG), Neutral damp grassland (NDG) and Neutral pastures and meadows (NPM)

Species Lists 30

Galium aparine Cleavers / Goosegrass 14 NDG

Galium palustre Common Marsh-bedstraw 15 NDG

Galium saxatile Heath Bedstraw 16 DAG

Geranium sylvaticum Wood Crane's-bill 92 NPM

Gymnadenia conopsea Fragrant Orchid 73 DCG

Hippocrepis comosa Horseshoe Vetch 39 DCG

Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog 135 NDG / NPM

Hordeum secalinum Meadow Barley 135 NDG

Hypochaeris radicata Cat's-ear 41 DCG

Inula conyzae Ploughman's-spikenard 41 DCG

Iris pseudacorus Yellow Iris 42 NDG

Juncus inflexus / effusus / conglomeratus Hard Rush / Soft Rush / Compact Rush 138/139 NDG / NPM

Juncus squarrosus Heath Rush 139 DAG

Knautia arvensis Field Scabious 93 NPM

Leucanthemum vulgare Oxeye Daisy 18 DCG / NDG / NPM

Linum catharticum Fairy Flax 18 DCG

Nardus stricta Mat-grass 136 DAG

Ophioglossum vulgatum Adder's-tongue 128 NPM

Origanum vulgare Wild Marjoram 95 DCG

Ornithopus perpusillus Bird's-foot 48 DAG

Oxalis acetosella Wood-sorrel 22 DAG

Pastinaca sativa Wild Parsnip 48 NPM

Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass 137 NDG

Pilosella officinarum Mouse-ear-hawkweed 48 DCG

Pimpinella major Greater Burnet-saxifrage 23 NPM

Plantago coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain 112 DAG

Plantago media Hoary Plantain 76 DCG

Potentilla anserina Silverweed 49 NDG

Primula veris Cowslip 50 DCG / NDG

Pteridium aquilinum Bracken 129 DAG

Ranunculus bulbosus Bulbous Buttercup 51 DCG

Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup 51 NDG / NPM

Reseda luteola Weld 52 DCG

Rhinanthus minor Yellow-rattle 53 NDG / NPM

Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel 64 NDG / NPM

Rumex acetosella Sheep's Sorrel 65 DAG

Rumex crispus / obtusifolius Curled Dock / Broad-leaved Dock 113/114 NDG / NPM

Sanguisorba officinalis Greater Burnet 65 NDG / NPM

Saxifraga granulata Meadow Saxifrage 27 NPM


Scabiosa columbaria Small Scabious 99 DCG

Sedum anglicum English Stonecrop 29 DAG

Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort 56 DCG

Silaum silaus Pepper-saxifrage 56 NDG / NPM

Silene flos-cuculi (Lychnis flos-cuculi) Ragged-Robin 77 NDG

Sonchus arvensis Perennial Sowthistle 57 NDG

Spergularia rubra Sand Sea-spurrey 78 DAG

Stellaria graminea Lesser Stitchwort 30 DAG

Stellaria holostea Greater Stitchwort 30 NPM

Succisa pratensis Devil's-bit Scabious 101 DAG / NPM

Symphytum officinale Common Comfrey 101 NPM

Thymus polytrichus / pulegioides Wild Thyme / Large Thyme 79 DCG

Trifolium campestre Hop Trefoil 59 DAG

Trifolium dubium Lesser Trefoil 59 DAG

Trifolium pratense Red Clover 80 DAG / NDG / NPM

Triglochin palustre Marsh Arrowgrass 116 NDG

Ulex europaeus Gorse 60 DAG

Ulex gallii / minor Western Gorse / Dwarf Gorse 61 DAG


Valeriana dioica Marsh Valerian 82 NDG

Valeriana officinalis Common Valerian 82 NPM

Veronica arvensis Wall Speedwell 102 DAG

Veronica officinalis Heath Speedwell 103 DAG

Vicia cracca Tufted Vetch 103 DCG

Species Lists 32



Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass + 131




Cerastium arvense Field Mouse-ear + 8




Filago minima Small Cudweed + 36


Juncus squarrosus Heath Rush + 139


Ornithopus perpusillus Bird's-foot + 48

Oxalis acetosella Wood-sorrel + 22




Sedum anglicum English Stonecrop + 29

Spergularia rubra Sand Sea-spurrey + 78

Stellaria graminea Lesser Stitchwort + 30


Trifolium campestre Hop Trefoil + 59

Trifolium dubium Lesser Trefoil + 59


Ulex europaeus Gorse - 60



Veronica arvensis Wall Speedwell + 102


Dry acid grassland



Anthyllis vulneraria Kidney Vetch + 33

Avenula pratense (Helictotrichon pratense) Meadow Oat-grass + 131

Blackstonia perfoliata Yellow-wort + 34

Brachypodium pinnatum Tor-grass, Heath False-brome - 132

Briza media Quaking-grass + 132

Bromopsis erecta Upright Brome + 132

Campanula glomerata Clustered Bellflower + 84

Campanula rotundifolia Harebell + 85

Cirsium acaule Dwarf Thistle + 87


Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn - 150

Filipendula vulgaris Dropwort + 13

Galium album (Galium mollugo) Hedge Bedstraw + 14

Gymnadenia conopsea Fragrant Orchid + 73

Hippocrepis comosa Horseshoe Vetch + 39


Inula conyzae Ploughman's-spikenard + 41



Origanum vulgare Wild Marjoram + 95


Plantago media Hoary Plantain + 76

Primula veris Cowslip + 50


Reseda luteola Weld + 52

Scabiosa columbaria Small Scabious + 99





Dry calcareous grassland

Species Lists 34


Agrimonia eupatoria Agrimony + 33

Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail + 130


Caltha palustris Marsh-marigold + 34

Cardamine pratensis Cuckooflower / Lady's Smock + 67


Dactylorhiza fuchsii Common Spotted-orchid + 69

Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-grass + 133




Hordeum secalinum Meadow Barley + 135




Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass + 137


Primula veris Cowslip + 50



Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel + 64


Sanguisorba officinalis Greater Burnet + 65

Silaum silaus Pepper-saxifrage + 56




Triglochin palustre Marsh Arrowgrass + 116



Neutral damp grassland



Carduus nutans Musk Thistle / Nodding Thistle + 86



Colchicum autumnale Autumn Crocus + 68

Conopodium majus Pignut + 11

Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn - 150

Cruciata laevipes Crosswort + 35

Daucus carota Wild Carrot + 11

Galium album (Galium mollugo) Hedge Bedstraw + 14

Geranium sylvaticum Wood Crane's-bill + 92



Knautia arvensis Field Scabious + 93


Ophioglossum vulgatum Adder's-tongue + 128

Pastinaca sativa Wild Parsnip + 48

Pimpinella major Greater Burnet-saxifrage + 23





Sanguisorba officinalis Greater Burnet + 65

Saxifraga granulata Meadow Saxifrage + 27

Silaum silaus Pepper-saxifrage + 56

Stellaria holostea Greater Stitchwort + 30


Symphytum officinale Common Comfrey + 101



Valeriana officinalis Common Valerian + 82

Neutral pastures and meadows

Species Lists 36


Ajuga reptans Bugle 83 BFF

Anagallis tenella Bog Pimpernel 66 All

Calystegia sepium Hedge Bindweed 7 BFF

Carex rostrata Bottle Sedge 144 All

Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Opposite-leaved Golden-saxifrage 108 All

Cirsium dissectum Meadow Thistle 88 BFF

Cirsium palustre Marsh Thistle 89 AFF

Comarum palustre (Potentilla palustris) Marsh Cinquefoil 89 All

Crepis paludosa Marsh Hawk's-beard 35 BFF

Dactylorhiza praetermissa Southern Marsh-orchid 70 BFF

Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-grass 133 All

Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hair-grass 134 AFF

Drosera rotundifolia Round-leaved Sundew 12 AFF

Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb 71 AFF

Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet 13 BFF

Hypericum elodes Marsh St John's-wort 40 AFF

Impatiens glandulifera Himalayan Balsam 73 All

Iris pseudacorus Yellow Iris 42 BFF

Juncus inflexus / effusus / conglomeratus Hard Rush / Soft Rush / Compact Rush 138/139 All

Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling 44 AFF

Lotus pedunculatus Greater Bird's-foot-trefoil 45 AFF

Lycopus europaeus Gypsywort 19 AFF

Mentha aquatica Water Mint 94 AFF

Menyanthes trifoliata Bogbean 20 AFF

Montia fontana Blinks 22 AFF

Myrica gale Bog-myrtle 111 AFF

Nardus stricta Mat-grass 136 AFF

Narthecium ossifragum Bog Asphodel 47 AFF

Osmunda regalis Royal Fern 129 AFF

Pinguicula lusitanica Pale Butterwort 96 AFF

Pinguicula vulgaris Common Butterwort 96 BFF

Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain 112 BFF

Potamogeton polygonifolius Bog Pondweed 123 AFF

Potentilla erecta Tormentil 49 BFF

Marsh and Fen comprising Acidic fens, flushes, mires and springs (AFF) and Base-rich fens, flushes, mires and springs (BFF)


Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup 50 BFF

Rhinanthus minor Yellow-rattle 53 BFF

Rhynchospora alba White Beak-sedge 146 AFF

Rorippa palustris Marsh Yellow-cress 53 BFF

Rumex crispus / obtusifolius Curled Dock / Broad-leaved Dock 113/114 All

Rumex hydrolapathum Water Dock 114 BFF

Sagina nodosa Knotted Pearlwort 26 BFF

Saxifraga aizoides Yellow Saxifrage 54 BFF

Schoenus nigricans Black Bog-rush 147 BFF

Scutellaria galericulata Skullcap 99 AFF

Senecio aquaticus Marsh Ragwort 55 AFF

Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet / Woody Nightshade 100 BFF

Trifolium repens White Clover 32 BFF


Valeriana dioica Marsh Valerian 82 BFF

Valeriana officinalis Common Valerian 82 AFF

Viola palustris Marsh Violet 104 BFF

Species Lists 38


Anagallis tenella Bog Pimpernel + 66


Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Opposite-leaved Golden-saxifrage + 108

Cirsium palustre Marsh Thistle + 89


Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-grass - 133



Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb + 71

Hypericum elodes Marsh St John's-wort + 40



Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling + 44

Lotus pedunculatus Greater Bird's-foot-trefoil + 45

Lycopus europaeus Gypsywort + 19



Montia fontana Blinks + 22




Osmunda regalis Royal Fern + 129

Pinguicula lusitanica Pale Butterwort + 96

Potamogeton polygonifolius Bog Pondweed + 123



Scutellaria galericulata Skullcap + 99

Senecio aquaticus Marsh Ragwort + 55


Valeriana officinalis Common Valerian + 82

Acidic fens, flushes, mires and springs



Ajuga reptans Bugle + 83

Anagallis tenella Bog Pimpernel + 66

Calystegia sepium Hedge Bindweed + 7


Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Opposite-leaved Golden-saxifrage + 108

Cirsium dissectum Meadow Thistle + 88


Crepis paludosa Marsh Hawk's-beard + 35

Dactylorhiza praetermissa Southern Marsh-orchid + 70

Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-grass - 133

Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet + 13




Pinguicula vulgaris Common Butterwort + 96





Rorippa palustris Marsh Yellow-cress + 53


Rumex hydrolapathum Water Dock + 114

Sagina nodosa Knotted Pearlwort + 26

Saxifraga aizoides Yellow Saxifrage + 54

Schoenus nigricans Black Bog-rush + 147






Base-rich fens, flushes, mires and springs

Species Lists 40




Betula pubescens / pendula Downy Birch / Silver Birch + 148









Fragaria vesca Wild Strawberry + 13


Gymnocarpium dryopteris Oak Fern + 128


Lathyrus linifolius Bitter-vetch + 64

Melampyrum pratense Common Cow-wheat + 47

Oreopteris limbosperma Lemon-scented Fern + 129




Rhododendron ponticum Rhododendron - 152

Rubus saxatilis Stone Bramble + 25

Sorbus aucuparia Rowan + 153

Trientalis europaea Chickweed-wintergreen + 32





Native pinewood and juniper scrub


Rock outcrops, cliffs and screes comprising Inland rocks and scree (IRS) and Montane rocks and scree (MRS)


Achillea millefolium Yarrow 2 MRS

Alchemilla alpina Alpine Lady's-mantle 106 MRS

Angelica sylvestris Wild Angelica 3 All

Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass 131 All

Arabis hirsuta Hairy Rock-cress 6 IRS

Asplenium ceterach (Ceterach officinarum) Rustyback 125 IRS

Asplenium ruta-muraria Wall-rue 125 IRS

Asplenium scolopendrium (Phyllitis scolopendrium) Hart's-tongue 125 IRS

Asplenium trichomanes Maidenhair Spleenwort 126 All

Briza media Quaking-grass 132 IRS

Buddleja davidii Butterfly-bush 149 IRS

Campanula rotundifolia Harebell 85 All

Centranthus ruber Red Valerian 63 IRS


Clinopodium acinos Basil Thyme 68 IRS

Coeloglossum viride (Dactylorhiza viridis) Frog Orchid 108 MRS

Cryptogramma crispa Parsley Fern 126 MRS

Cystopteris fragilis Brittle Bladder-fern 127 All

Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hair-grass 134 MRS

Galium sterneri Limestone Bedstraw 16 MRS

Geranium robertianum Herb-Robert 72 IRS

Gymnocarpium dryopteris Oak Fern 128 MRS

Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed 17 MRS

Hippocrepis comosa Horseshoe Vetch 39 IRS

Hyacinthoides non-scripta Bluebell 93 MRS

Mercurialis perennis Dog's Mercury 110 IRS

Minuartia verna Spring Sandwort 21 MRS

Mycelis muralis Wall Lettuce 47 IRS

Nardus stricta Mat-grass 136 IRS

Origanum vulgare Wild Marjoram 95 IRS

Oxyria digyna Mountain Sorrel 64 MRS

Persicaria vivipara Alpine Bistort 23 MRS

Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain 112 IRS

Potentilla erecta Tormentil 49 IRS

Species Lists 42

Potentilla sterilis Barren Strawberry 24 IRS

Poterium sanguisorba (Sanguisorba minor) Salad Burnet 113 IRS

Prunella vulgaris Selfheal 98 IRS

Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup 50 MRS

Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble 25 All

Rubus saxatilis Stone Bramble 25 MRS

Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel 64 IRS

Rumex crispus / obtusifolius Curled Dock / Broad-leaved Dock 113/114 MRS

Saxifraga aizoides Yellow Saxifrage 54 MRS

Saxifraga hypnoides Mossy Saxifrage 28 MRS

Saxifraga oppositifolia Purple Saxifrage 98 MRS

Saxifraga stellaris Starry Saxifrage 28 MRS

Saxifraga tridactylites Rue-leaved Saxifrage 28 IRS

Sedum rosea Roseroot 54 MRS

Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort 56 MRS


Vaccinium myrtillus Bilberry / Blaeberry 81 MRS

Viola hirta Hairy Violet 104 IRS





Arabis hirsuta Hairy Rock-cress + 6

Asplenium ceterach (Ceterach officinarum) Rustyback + 125

Asplenium ruta-muraria Wall-rue + 125

Asplenium scolopendrium (Phyllitis scolopendrium) Hart's-tongue + 125

Asplenium trichomanes Maidenhair Spleenwort + 126

Briza media Quaking-grass + 132

Buddleja davidii Butterfly-bush - 149


Centranthus ruber Red Valerian - 63


Clinopodium acinos Basil Thyme + 68

Cystopteris fragilis Brittle Bladder-fern + 127

Geranium robertianum Herb-Robert + 72

Hippocrepis comosa Horseshoe Vetch + 39

Mercurialis perennis Dog's Mercury + 110

Mycelis muralis Wall Lettuce + 47


Origanum vulgare Wild Marjoram + 95




Poterium sanguisorba (Sanguisorba minor) Salad Burnet + 113

Prunella vulgaris Selfheal + 98



Saxifraga tridactylites Rue-leaved Saxifrage + 28


Viola hirta Hairy Violet + 104

Inland rocks and scree

Species Lists 44



Alchemilla alpina Alpine Lady's-mantle + 106



Asplenium trichomanes Maidenhair Spleenwort + 126



Coeloglossum viride (Dactylorhiza viridis) Frog Orchid + 108

Cryptogramma crispa Parsley Fern + 126

Cystopteris fragilis Brittle Bladder-fern + 127


Galium sterneri Limestone Bedstraw + 16

Gymnocarpium dryopteris Oak Fern + 128



Minuartia verna Spring Sandwort + 21

Oxyria digyna Mountain Sorrel + 64

Persicaria vivipara Alpine Bistort + 23



Rubus saxatilis Stone Bramble + 25


Saxifraga aizoides Yellow Saxifrage + 54

Saxifraga hypnoides Mossy Saxifrage + 28

Saxifraga oppositifolia Purple Saxifrage + 98

Saxifraga stellaris Starry Saxifrage + 28

Sedum rosea Roseroot + 54




Montane rocks and scree


Upland grassland comprising Montane acid grassland (MAG) and Montane calcareous grassland (MCG)


Achillea millefolium Yarrow 2 MCG

Agrostis capillaris Common Bent 130 MAG

Alchemilla alpina Alpine Lady's-mantle 106 All

Anemone nemorosa Wood Anemone 3 MAG

Antennaria dioica Mountain Everlasting 66 All

Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass 131 MAG

Armeria maritima Thrift 66 MAG

Avenula pratense (Helictotrichon pratense) Meadow Oat-grass 131 MCG

Bellis perennis Daisy 6 All

Betula pubescens / pendula Downy Birch / Silver Birch 148 MAG

Carex bigelowii Bigelow's Sedge, Stiff Sedge 140 MAG

Carex echinata Star Sedge 141 MAG

Carex pulicaris Flea Sedge 143 MCG


Cirsium heterophyllum Melancholy Thistle 88 MAG

Coeloglossum viride (Dactylorhiza viridis) Frog Orchid 108 MCG

Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail 133 MAG

Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hair-grass 134 MAG

Diphasiastrum alpinum Alpine Clubmoss 124 MAG

Empetrum nigrum Crowberry 90 MAG

Galium boreale Northern Bedstraw 14 MCG

Galium sterneri Limestone Bedstraw 16 MCG

Gentianella amarella Autumn Gentian 91 MCG

Geranium sylvaticum Wood Crane's-bill 92 MCG

Huperzia selago Fir Clubmoss 124 All

Juniperus communis Common Juniper 151 MCG

Linum catharticum Fairy Flax 18 MCG

Lotus corniculatus Common Bird's-foot-trefoil 44 MCG

Luzula multiflora Heath Wood-rush 154 MAG

Orchis mascula Early-purple Orchid 95 MCG

Oreopteris limbosperma Lemon-scented Fern 129 MAG

Oxalis acetosella Wood-sorrel 22 MAG

Persicaria vivipara Alpine Bistort 23 MCG

Plantago maritima Sea Plantain 112 MCG

Species Lists 46

Polygala serpyllifolia / vulgaris Heath Milkwort / Common Milkwort 97 All

Potentilla erecta Tormentil 49 MCG

Potentilla sterilis Barren Strawberry 24 MCG

Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup 51 MCG

Rumex acetosella Sheep's Sorrel 65 MAG

Rumex crispus / obtusifolius Curled Dock / Broad-leaved Dock 113/114 MCG

Saxifraga hypnoides Mossy Saxifrage 28 MAG

Saxifraga stellaris Starry Saxifrage 28 MAG

Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort 56 MCG

Thymus polytrichus / pulegioides Wild Thyme / Large Thyme 79 MCG

Trifolium repens White Clover 32 MAG

Trollius europaeus Globeflower 60 MAG


Vaccinium myrtillus Bilberry / Blaeberry 81 MAG

Vaccinium vitis-idaea Cowberry 81 MAG

Veronica officinalis Heath Speedwell 103 MAG

Viola hirta Hairy Violet 104 MCG

Viola lutea Mountain Pansy 62 MCG

Viola riviniana / reichenbachiana Common Dog-violet / Early Dog-violet 105 MCG



Agrostis capillaris Common Bent - 130




Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass - 131



Betula pubescens / pendula Downy Birch / Silver Birch + 148

Carex bigelowii Bigelow's Sedge, Stiff Sedge + 140

Carex echinata Star Sedge + 141


Cirsium heterophyllum Melancholy Thistle + 88

Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail + 133


Diphasiastrum alpinum Alpine Clubmoss + 124



Luzula multiflora Heath Wood-rush + 154

Oreopteris limbosperma Lemon-scented Fern + 129




Saxifraga hypnoides Mossy Saxifrage + 28

Saxifraga stellaris Starry Saxifrage + 28


Trollius europaeus Globeflower + 60





Montane acid grassland

Species Lists 48





Avenula pratense (Helictotrichon pratense) Meadow Oat-grass + 131


Carex pulicaris Flea Sedge + 143


Coeloglossum viride (Dactylorhiza viridis) Frog Orchid + 108

Galium boreale Northern Bedstraw + 14

Galium sterneri Limestone Bedstraw + 16

Gentianella amarella Autumn Gentian + 91

Geranium sylvaticum Wood Crane's-bill + 92





Orchis mascula Early-purple Orchid + 95

Persicaria vivipara Alpine Bistort + 23





Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup - 51





Viola hirta Hairy Violet + 104

Viola lutea Mountain Pansy + 62


Montane calcareous grassland

The National Plant Monitoring Scheme (NPMS) is organised and funded by the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland, Plantlife and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee. The NPMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme.

www.npms.org.uk2nd edition printed May 2019 by Acanthus Press, Wellington, Somerset.

ISBN: 978-1-910212-82-0

Design, cover photo: evansgraphic.co.uk

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