National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)

Contents

1. Preface

2. Key Features

3. Relevance of NICRA to Kinnaur

4. Selection Criteria of NICRA Village

5. Components of Project

6. 7. Achievements

• Natural Resource Management

• Crop Production

• Livestock

• Institutional Interventions

• Capacity Building

8. Publications under NICRA Project

District Kinnaur

Kinnaur, a mountainous district situated in Trans Himalayan zone of Himalayas is having

high mountain ranges.

The district has unique climatic conditions. Winters are severe with heavy snowfall

causing Glaciers and Avalanches. Summers are mild with rainy season in most of the Kalpa

and Nichar Sub-Divisions of the district. Pooh Sub-Division of this district forms part

of ‘Indian Cold Desert’ and receives scanty rainfall as it falls in rain-shadow zone of

Himalayas.

The unique Geomorphologic and Climatic conditions of the District make it vulnerable to

various kinds of natural disasters.

The disasters, which generally occur in this district, are: Earthquakes, floods, Landslides,

forest fires, domestic fires, wind storm, drought, road accidents, and avalanches etc.

Preface

The Project entitled ‘National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture’ (NICRA) is a

network project of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) launched in

launched in February 2011 by the Hon’ble Union minister for Agriculture & Food

Processing Industries Shri Sharad Pawarji aims to enhance the resilience of Indian

agriculture to climate change and climate vulnerability. The Project covers the four

components viz. Strategic Research, Technology Demonstration, Capacity Building and

Sponsored/Competitive Grants. The research covers crops, livestock, fisheries and

natural resource management. The present context in Strategic Research, Technology

Demonstration, Capacity Building and Sponsored/Competitive Grants, covers Crop

management, Live Stock Management and Natural resource management in District

Kinnaur. For this purpose Village Telangi in District Kinnaur has been selected in which the

farmers of 100 selected house holds made a good emphasis for the completion of the

project.

The Kinnaur, a mountainous district situated in Trans Himalayan zone of Himalayas is

having high mountain ranges. The district has unique climatic conditions. Winters are

severe with heavy snowfall causing Glaciers and Avalanches. Summers are mild with rainy

season in most of the Kalpa and Nichar Sub-Divisions of the district. Pooh Sub-Division of

this district forms part of ‘Indian Cold Desert’ and receives scanty precipitation as it

falls in rain-shadow zone of Himalayas.

The unique Geomorphologic and Climatic conditions of the District make it vulnerable to

various kinds of natural disasters.

The disasters, which generally occur in this district, are: Earthquakes, floods, Landslides,

forest fires, domestic fires, wind storm, drought, road accidents, and avalanches etc.

Key Features

▪ Critical assessment of different crops/zones in the country for vulnerability to

climatic stresses and extreme events, in particular, intra seasonal variability of

rainfall

▪ Installation of the state-of-the-art equipment like flux towers for measurement of

green house gases in large field areas to understand the impact of management

practices and contribute data on emissions as national responsibility.

▪ Rapid and large scale screening of crop germplasm including wild relatives for

drought and heat tolerance through phenomics platforms for quick identification of

promising lines and early development and release of heat/drought tolerant

varieties.

▪ Comprehensive field evaluation of new and emerging approaches of paddy

cultivation like aerobic rice and SRI for their contribution to reduce the GHG

emissions and water saving.

▪ Special attention to livestock and fishery sectors including aquaculture which have

not received enough attention in climate change research in the past. In particular,

the documentation of adaptive traits in indigenous breeds is the most useful step.

▪ Thorough understanding of crop-pest/pathogen relationship and emergence of new

biotypes due to climate change.

Simultaneous up-scaling of the outputs both through KVKs and the National Mission on

Sustainable Agriculture for wider adoption by the farmers

Project Details

Objectives

▪ To enhance the resilience of Indian agriculture covering crops, livestock and

fisheries to climatic variability and climate change through development and

application of improved production and risk management technologies.

▪ To demonstrate site specific technology packages on farmers’ fields for adapting

to current climate risks.

▪ To enhance the capacity of scientists and other stakeholders in climate resilient

agricultural research and its application.

Output

▪ Selection of promising crop genotypes and livestock breeds with greater tolerance

to climatic stress.

▪ Existing best bet practices for climate resilience demonstrated in 100 vulnerable

districts.

▪ Infrastructure at key research institutes for climatic change research

strengthened.

▪ Adequately trained scientific man power to take up climate change research in the

country and empowered farmers to cope with climate variability.

Strategic Research

Adaptation to climate variability and climate change requires long term strategic research

in the area of Natural Resource Management, Crops, Pests and disease dynamics,

Livestock, Fisheries & Energy Efficiency. Focused programmes are taken up on different

commodities on adaptation and mitigation. A detailed assessment on vulnerability of

different agro-climatic zones of the country is also planned. The key activities along with

institutional and commodity wise responsibilities are described in the following table.

Technology Demonstration Interventions

Zone-I

Himachal Pradesh-Kinnaur

Modules Climatic Vulnerabilities Key Interventions

NRM Water scarcity/drought

Poor soil health

In-situ moisture and soil conservation Small RCC

Structures for storing rainwater

Vermi - composting

Soil test based nutrient application

Crop

Production

Frost

Water scarcity/ drought

Poor soil health

Losses due to pests and

diseases

Community nursery and integrated nutrient

management in apple

Plantation of spur type apple in community and

cultivable waste land on large scale

IPM in apple

Adapted improved varieties of field crops

Live stock Mortality and morbidity

losses due to biotic and

abiotic stresses

Fodder scarcity

Poor Health

Prophylaxis and mitigation of mineral deficiencies

in livestock

Fodder conservation through silage hay making:

conservation of monsoon grasses

Production and supply of seedlings of fodder

trees/grasses

Institutional Low seed replacement rate

Poor access to farm

implements

Poor access to live-stock

services

Seed production of Rajmash through farmer groups

Community managed farm machinery custom hiring

centre

Training 2-3 rural youth as livestock service

providers for prophylaxis

Losses due to highly

uncertain weather

Agro advisory based on IMD weather forecast and

village weather observatory farm and systems

micro-irrigation maintaining for youth rural

Village at a glance

Telangi

Name of the village/cluster Telangi

Name of the gram Panchayat Telangi

Name of the Taluka Kalpa

Name of the District & State Kinnaur & Himachal Pradesh

GPS Location & Elevation Latitude:31°32´ North

Longitude:78º15´East

Elevation:2363 mt above mean sea level

Agro climatic zone Zone-I

No. Of house holds 184

Population 760

Average annual rainfall (mm) 672.2

Soil detail Sandy Soils

Major crop Apple, Peas, Rajmash & Barley

Total cultivated area (ha) 280

Rain fed area (ha) 60

Irrigated area(ha) 220

Major climate variability challenge Drought & Cold wave

Source of irrigation Number Area(ha)

Open wells - -

Bore wells - -

Community water bodies

(Tank)

10 4

Lift irrigation - -

Canal irrigation - -

If any other sources (Kuhl) 3 216

Historical trends in rainfall Decadal average

1980-90 1990-2000 2000-10

No. of rainy days 77.4 111.6 111.0

No. of dry spells during kharif season >10days 0.64 1.00 0.91

>15days 0.27 0.09 0.09

>20days 1.64 0.00 0.00

No. of intensive rain spells >60 mm per day 0.91 0.64 1.08

Climatic Challenges

The Village, located at 2 KM towards west from District Head quarter Reckong Peo, in

Kalpa Tehsil of District Kinnaur falls under rain-shadow zones of Himalayas with a

transitional microclimate between Temperate and sub-Temperate zone. Winters are

severe cold with heavy snowfall causing landslides, flash floods, and glaciers, land sink,

uprooting trees, power transmission line cuts and total damage to communications lines.

Summers imposing drought conditions affecting crops. The unique geomorphologic

conditions of the village make it more vulnerable to natural disasters. Sometimes summers

become highly uncertain with mild to heavy rains causing cloud bursts, landslides and

destruction of crops.

Selection Criteria of NICRA Village

• 70% of the family income is Horticulture/Agriculture based.

• It represents the climatic condition of the District.

• It is nearby the KVK and it is only the reachable village for all the

observations/interventions/demonstrations could be done in the most extreme

climatic conditions in winter season when all other village’s routes disconnect due to

heavy snowfall and which could not be possible from other far flung areas.

Telangi village under NICRA Scheme

Bank account details of Village Climate Risk Management Committee (VCRMC)

• Village Climate Risk Management Committee (VCRMC)

S.No. Name of the President/Secretary/Treasurer

1 Sh. Tara Chand –President

2 Sh. Ghanshyam –Secretary

3 Smt. Ravina Negi- Joint Secretary

4 Sh. Ravinder Kumar –Treasurer

Constitution of VCRMC under the project (July 2012).

Name of the

VCRMC/KVK

/District

Village

Name

No.

of

Memb

ers

Bank Account details

A/C No. & Name of The Bank

VCRMC-Telengi,

KVK-Kinnaur

District-Kinnaur

(HP)

Telengi 12 A/C No.:25710118275

Bank: The Himachal Pradesh State Cooperative

Bank Ltd Reckong Peo (257)

• Interventions proposed in the technical programme and the brief progress

1) Soil samples collection of village

2) Community apple nursery and apple plantation

3) Introduction and mass planting of spur type apple varieties

4) Mitigation of vitamins and mineral deficiency in cows and sheep

Improvement in health of cows and sheep and increase in their milk yield have been

recorded by the farmers due to feeding of mineral mixture which suggest that cows

and sheep are suffering from vitamins and mineral deficiency.

In Kinnaur district, most of time, good quality apple plants (grafted plants) are not

available for plantation for the orchardists /farmers. Due to poor quality apple plants

(grafted plants) for new plantation, there is always chances of failure of these plants

due to disease incidence and insect attack in the orchards of farmers. Under NICRA

project good quality apple nursery seedlings and apple grafted plants including spur

type apple cultivars were made available to the farmers for demonstration and agro

advisory was also provided by KVKs scientists. Due to these reasons, no disease

incidence and insect attack was recorded in apple plants during experimentation.

Farmers have also realized the importance of soil testing and fertilizer application

based soil testing in their crops after attending NICRA project training/ awareness

programmes.

Intervention related to climatic resilience

• Most of the agricultural and horticultural crops are grown under irrigated

conditions

• The source of irrigation is from glacier melts

• On an average Kinnaur district receives 672.2 mm rainfall annually

• Due to rise in temperature, high rate of evaporation, high humidity and sandy

nature of soils ,farmers are facing many problems like:

• Attack of insects (Apple wooly aphid, mite, San Jose scale, root borer, shoot hole

borer and apple fruit moth) & diseases (cankers, root rot, powdery mildew, collar

rot and premature leaf fall)

• High requirement of irrigation water due to high rate of evaporation

• Failure of main crops due to poor moisture availability at the time of germination

and nutrient deficiency (nitrogen, calcium, iron, manganese zinc& potassium) due to

poor uptake of macro & micro nutrients from the soils

Major intervention is highly adopted by the farmers

• Renovation of irrigation channels to avoid conveyance losses of water

• Renovation of all water storage structures to store maximum water

• Corrective measures to remove the deficiency of Macro & Micro nutrient in apple

orchards and other crops

• Spray of insecticides for the control of Wooly Apple Aphid, San Jose scale & Mite

in apple orchards

• Spray of fungicides for the control of collar rot, root rot & premature leaf fall in

apple orchards

Achievements:

Natural Resource Management:

1. Soil analysis of 100 farmers’ field:

S.N Name of the Farmer

pH EC (dS/m)

OC (%)

Available nutrients (kg/ha) Available micronutrients (mg/kg)

Nitrogen

Phosphorus (P2O5)

Potassium (K2O)

Sulphur (S)

Fe Mn Zn Cu

1 Sh. Kehar Singh 6.2 463 1.30 301 18.8 457 10.0 29.1 18.1 2.5 2.4

2 Sh Nardev Singh

6.8 780 1.93 276 88.7 937 13.7 30.3 10.5 7.0 4.7

3 Sh. Dev Raj 7.0 532 0.83 188.1 34.9 459 18.7 14.6 7.2 3.0 1.5

4 Smt. Kamar Zin 6.7 463 1.43 251 17.0 435 12.5 24.4 18.1 3.3 3.7

5 Sh. Nanak Ram 6.9 590 1.57 188.1 47.5 631 17.5 22.7 15.3 2.9 1.6

6 Sh. Keval Ram 6.8 360 1.10 213.2 34.9 253 11.2 22.6 14.9 6.2 1.4

7 Sh. Krishan Dass

6.9 781 2.35 263.3 97.6 629 21.2 31.9 15.6 6.4 3.7

8 Sh. Arun Dev 6.7 575 2.09 288.4 92.2 801 21.2 32.3 21.8 3.9 2.8

9 Sh. Subhash Chander

7.3 746 2.19 175.6 62.7 607 25.0 24.5 11.2 5.9 3.0

10 Sh. Bhag Chand 7.0 627 1.98 313.5 27.7 357 28.7 32.0 19.4 2.5 2.7

11 Sh. Suraj Lal 7.0 508 1.30 288.4 33.1 496 25.0 21.0 17.5 1.4 2.7

12 Sh. Shyam Nar 7.0 338 0.97 288.4 59.1 380 7.5 28.0 10.5 1.6 2.5

13 Sh. Budhi Lal 6.3 380 1.49 313.5 94.9 231 25.0 48.6 13.6 3.4 5.5

14 Sh. Prem Dass 7.1 531 1.25 188.1 133.5 558 17.5 31.8 15.3 3.2 4.5

15 Sh. Basant Ram 6.8 694 2.74 338.6 75.2 458 31.2 40.2 13.0 6.0 2.1

16 Sh. Anant Ram 6.8 638 3.00 351.1 125.4 461 17.5 42.6 12.6 8.2 7.1

17 Sh. Shyam Lal 6.8 629 3.05 313.5 80.6 600 21.2 36.8 16.3 5.8 3.1

18 Sh. Ravinder Kumar

6.9 456 2.87 301 48.3 441 21.2 37.9 15.0 4.2 2.3

19 Sh. Madan Singh

7.0 385 1.23 251 3.6 263 11.2 18.4 15.4 1.9 2.3

20 Sh. Sarjan Kumar

7.1 472 1.51 263.3 22.4 195 20.0 25.0 6.2 3.9 1.9

21 Sh. Himmat Singh

7.1 364 1.20 263.3 17.9 278 15.0 27.2 12.7 1.9 2.3

22 Sh. Lafan Singh 6.9 363 1.57 301 20.6 360 12.5 35.2 20.0 3.2 3.3

23 Sh. Deena Nath 7.1 230 0.42 188.1 13.4 394 10.0 9.7 8.5 0.9 1.6

24 Sh. Jai Singh 7.0 424 1.28 276 10.7 339 11.2 23.7 15.4 2.3 2.3

25 Sh. Shree Gian 7.0 443 1.17 213.2 11.6 320 37.5 21.0 11.2 1.8 1.9

26 Sh. Raj Bhagat 7.0 376 1.02 188.1 17.9 290 10.0 23.9 12.8 1.2 1.7

27 Sh. Govind Singh

6.8 499 1.90 251 20.6 263 20.0 36.7 15.1 2.4 2.9

28 Sh. Ram Chander

7.2 450 1.12 188.1 51.9 339 15.0 15.2 8.8 4.4 1.6

29 Sh. Rattan Singh

7.0 266 1.12 188.1 17.9 300 6.2 26.3 14.4 2.5 4.2

30 Sh.Rattan Chand

6.8 359 0.97 238.3 7.2 302 10.0 27.5 17.9 1.2 2.9

31 Smt. Sanam Pati W/o Late sh. Raj Gopal

6.9 644 1.38 238.3 75.2 613 22.5 22.8 9.1 7.6 3.0

32 Smt.Shanti Devi 7.0 733 1.88 276 85.5 386 20.0 24.9 10.8 5.9 2.3

33 Sh.Kaan Chand 7.0 672 1.51 238.3 68.0 469 15.0 19.3 7.4 7.1 2.6

34 Sh. Panma Jeet 6.8 489 1.17 238.3 40.3 281 21.2 21.0 5.6 3.0 2.3

35 Smt. Charan Pyari

6.6 369 1.57 263.3 56.4 384 12.2 29.4 8.3 3.7 2.6

36 Sh. Ashok Kumar

6.7 454 1.30 238.3 41.2 330 10.0 23.1 8.1 3.1 1.8

37 Sh. Rajkumar 6.0 509 1.70 288.4 45.7 410 12.5 28.2 17.4 4.7 3.7

38 Sh. Tej Ram Negi

6.8 341 1.04 225.7 36.7 491 5.0 10.4 9.4 1.9 2.9

39 Adv.Harish Chander

6.9 574 2.35 313.5 89.6 650 12.5 25.3 12.3 6.3 3.9

40 Sh. Vidya Singh 6.7 411 1.83 288.4 44.8 522 10.0 24.2 13.8 2.6 1.7

41 Sh. Jagmohan 6.9 493 1.63 301 50.1 561 15.0 16.5 12.9 3.5 2.4

42 Adv. Ramesh Kumar

7.1 537 1.86 313.5 80.7 497 16.2 18.2 11.0 3.8 3.0

43 Sh. Gulab Chand

7.2 533 0.59 201 67.2 274 10.0 12.1 4.2 1.8 0.6

44 Sh. Bhajan Ram 7.0 437 1.41 263.3 21.5 309 11.2 17.8 10.4 2.9 1.4

45 Sh. Naresh Kumar

6.9 739 1.10 263.3 31.3 204 11.2 19.5 7.9 5.3 0.9

46 Smti Ganga Devi

7.3 631 1.61 301 92.5 692 20.0 19.0 8.7 6.3 6.4

47 Sh. Ashwani Kumar

7.3 516 1.97 263.3 34.0 521 10.0 13.0 14.1 3.0 2.3

48 Sh. Padam Dev 7.1 423 1.46 339 57.3 517 8.7 29.0 11.6 4.6 4.5

49 Sh. Bhagwan Singh

7.0 506 2.00 376.2 33.1 380 21.2 29.1 12.3 5.8 4.9

50 Sh. Narender Kumar

7.1 357 1.04 263.3 33.1 314 10.0 17.2 8.4 3.6 6.2

51 Sh. Rajesh Kumar

7.3 606 1.70 326 35.0 939 11.2 14.4 14.3 3.2 2.2

52 Sh. Vidya Sagar 7.2 754 2.56 414 64.5 663 27.5 23.1 13.3 5.8 2.5

53 Sh. Surender Kumar

7.2 601 2.11 263.3 75.1 431 20.0 22.5 10.3 3.9 1.8

54 Sh. Moti Lal 7.0 387 1.51 225.7 16.1 249 15.0 35.1 11.4 1.1 2.3

55 Sh. Bhupender 7.2 279 0.83 188.1 13.4 407 3.8 9.8 8.0 1.0 3.0

56 Sanam Pati 7.2 393 1.62 238.3 28.6 249 10.0 17.3 9.6 1.8 1.7

57 Basant Kumar 7.2 402 0.97 225.7 11.6 256 7.5 17.6 4.6 1.2 2.7

58 Gena Ram 7.3 616 1.90 276 82.4 240 20.0 23.5 4.6 3.4 4.6

59 Sh. Puran Singh 7.1 604 2.19 301 44.8 437 20.0 15.8 10.9 3.5 1.5

60 Sh. Vishamber Singh

7.6 598 1.25 238 54.6 662 12.5 10.7 9.8 1.9 2.0

61 Sh.Ram Gian 7.3 460 1.00 301 25.9 430 6.2 30.1 15.3 1.7 2.9

62 Sh. Ugra Singh 7.1 456 1.44 251 85.1 456 10.0 36.0 12.8 8.6 2.8

63 Smt. Dev Kumari

7.0 313 0.64 238.3 13.4 295 1.9 15.4 10.6 1.1 1.9

64 Sh. Udham Lal 7.0 364 1.00 263.3 8.0 425 1.9 25.0 15.5 1.0 1.7

65 Smt. Gian Kumari

7.0 233 0.31 163 17.0 203 10.0 17.7 6.5 0.6 2.0

66 Sh. Kuldeep 7.1 343 0.86 201 18.8 313 5.0 23.7 13.1 1.6 2.6

67 Sh. Prittam Singh

7.1 514 1.11 238 75.2 662 10.0 17.3 8.7 5.0 3.7

68 Sh. Thakur Singh

6.8 198 0.61 201 31.3 181 1.3 32.5 9.3 1.9 3.5

69 Smt. Sangay Yum

6.7 500 2.19 301 87.8 720 6.2 36.6 12.4 3.2 3.8

70 Sh. Krishan 6.8 513 2.08 288 48.0 451 12.5 24.6 16.5 3.6 4.0

71 Sh. Suman Singh

7.0 418 0.81 163 38.5 364 10.0 21.6 10.2 1.3 2.9

72 Sh. Yontan Dorje

6.8 364 1.36 389 44.8 383 10.0 27.1 9.5 2.3 3.6

73 Sh. Ranjeet Singh

6.8 774 3.85 251 83.5 542 40.0 38.9 13.5 5.9 3.0

74 Sh. Jagjeet Singh

7.3 609 1.06 188 50.1 511.0 11.2 19.2 13.4 4.7 2.7

75 Sh. Padam Chand

7.5 613 0.78 201 94.9 373 12.5 16.4 11.4 1.8 2.5

76 Sh. Sukh Pal 7.2 383 1.03 251 48.3 625 6.2 23.7 14.1 1.6 2.7

77 Sh. Chhodup 7.0 406 1.72 188 83.5 533 17.5 32.4 11.1 6.6 3.9

Chhering

78 Sh. Ganeshi Lal 6.9 338 1.39 188 52.8 412 10.0 25.7 11.8 2.0 4.0

79 Sh. Sunil Kumar 6.9 361 1.39 301 39.4 431 17.5 28.1 14.9 2.8 2.5

80 Smt. Gial Poti 6.7 582 3.47 138 82.4 809 25.0 39.7 15.5 4.8 2.0

81 Sh. Khem Chand

7.0 398 0.69 176 14.3 335 12.5 18.1 11.2 1.6 3.1

82 Sh. Kabir Chand 6.9 216 0.64 238 13.4 454 1.1 15.4 15.7 0.7 1.5

83 Sh. Ganga Singh 7.0 434 1.36 213 34.0 394 12.5 24.0 9.6 5.4 3.0

84 Sh. Rajender Singh

7.2 363 1.06 238 23.3 379 17.5 17.4 10.0 2.5 2.7

85 Sh. Hari Singh 7.2 469 1.17 226 75.7 354 15.0 19.7 6.2 3.2 2.9

86 Sh. Ghan Shyam

7.2 619 0.94 276 86.9 784 10.0 8.3 10.6 1.6 1.7

87 Sh. Bal Krishan 7.3 584 1.78 276 58.2 268 21.2 31.4 6.9 5.1 4.8

88 Sh. Bhajan Singh

7.1 521 1.25 226 80.6 722 20.0 25.9 15.1 3.0 2.6

89 Sh. Hirpal Singh 7.2 447 1.17 188 32.2 641 5.0 21.3 14.5 1.6 2.7

90 Sh. Sushil Kumar

6.9 398 0.86 188 80.6 361 7.5 27.0 13.8 1.1 2.9

91 Sh. Pradeep Kumar

6.9 260 0.64 188 52.8 579 0.9 23.4 19.0 1.0 2.7

92 Sh. Basant Kumar (Pantcha)

6.8 392 1.83 251 43.9 479 10.0 33.4 16.4 2.2 3.2

93 Bahadur Singh 7.3 503 1.03 238 30.4 922 8.7 17.7 10.6 1.4 2.1

94 Sh. Mohinder Kumar

7.1 308 1.42 238 26.8 363 5.0 26.6 14.9 2.5 2.3

95 Sh. Dharmender Singh

7.0 301 0.44 163 17.0 356 5.0 17.1 11.4 1.2 2.2

96 Sh. Dharm Lal 6.9 195 0.58 163 32.2 251 Tr 35.3 6.3 0.7 1.3

97 Sh. Surat Ram 6.7 356 1.00 201 88.7 450 5.0 29.3 11.8 1.9 3.3

98 Sh. Pandup Lal 6.6 609 3.22 263 59.8 525 25.0 37.8 17.0 7.3 2.6

99 Sh. Bahadur Lal 6.6 477 2.53 314 60.0 503 23.7 34.8 15.6 7.5 3.9

100

Sh. Padam Lal 7.0 376 1.31 201 97.6 544 6.2 26.8 13.2 3.7 3.4

Tr = value in traces i.e. less than 1 not read by the instrument

Training camp on soil sampling Method demonstration on fertilizer

application

2. Soil test base nutrient Application:

Sr. No. Inputs Qty. Farmers Benefited

1. CAN 2850 Kg. 95

2. UREA 2200Kg 65

3. MOP 1700Kg 61

4. SSP 1000Kg 35

5. Vermicompost 6250Kg 20

Vermicomposting is the usage of earthworms to convert vegetable waste to a 100%

natural plant fertilizer. Vermiculture is the side issue of the breeding of common

earthworms for use in vermicomposting.

Organic

The most important aspect of compost produced by earthworms is that it is 100%

organic. There are no harmful chemicals and it does not need to be mixed with

anything.

More Nutritious

Vermicomposting produces a product that is naturally designed to benefit plants in

several different ways. The most significant benefit is that the nutrients in

earthworm compost are very easily absorbed by the roots of plants. Unlike

chemical fertilizers, vermicompost is not easily flushed from the soil because of

the worm mucus that it contains. Plants have longer to obtain the nutrients and get

the maximum benefit.

Micro Organisms

As the compost is passing through the body of the worms it is enriched with

bacteria and microbes. These help plants to become more disease resistant and

also repel some plant pests. The presence of increased microbial activity can make

the area much more attractive to birds which also help to remove plant pests.

Healthier Plants

As the compost works on the plants and they become healthier the need for

pesticides is reduced. The reduction in pesticides helps the area to recover faster

and can start an improvement cycle that will run on. This compares with the typical

cycle when chemical fertilizers are used. The chemical fertilizers might increase

plant yields but they do nothing for plant health. Continued use of chemical

fertilizers inevitably leads to a breakdown in the soil. Ammonia and salts build up

which attack the plants making them less able to withstand disease.

Plant Growth

Among the hormones that earthworm compost contains are hormones that help

plants to grow. Germination of seeds is encouraged, the growth of the plant is

stronger and the crop yield improved. This natural support for the plants is not

available with chemical fertilizers. The distribution of the compost through the

soil also helps to encourage healthy root growth.

Water Retention

Vermicompost is a colloid and holds up to nine times its own weight in water. This

can make a huge difference when there is a dry spell. The water is held at an

organic level so tends to evaporate slowly while still being available to the plants.

3. Water Resources

Presently 3 Canal systems, 2 water tanks and 4 natural water sources are present in the

village.

Crop Production:

1. Vegetable Seeds

Radish White Icicle 19.50Kg 203

Turnip PTWG 13.52Kg 203

Spinach 100Kg 100

Tomato Solan Lalima 1.5Kg 100

Carrot EN & SR 19.39Kg 203

Beans Contender 35Kg 103

Cabbage Pride of India 8Kg 103

2. Rajmash Seeds

Baspa 200Kg 50

Triloki 200Kg 49

Kailash 200kg 44

Jawala 200Kg 33

3. Pea (AP-3) 1200Kg 120

4. Apple Plants/Apple Seedlings

Oregan spur 120 3

Silver spur 100 3

Red Chief 75 3

BNE 120 3

Gloster 35 5

Gold Spur 50 7

Seedlings 10,000 31

Livestock

FMD vaccination in April Mineral and vitamin mixture demonstration

1. Cattle Feed/ Feed Supplements

Milk ration 6000 Kg 120 Farmers

Uro Mineral Brick 125 Kg 50 Farmers

Special Mineral Mixture 100 Kg 70 Farmers

4. Fodder Grass Seeds

White Clover 5.75 Kg 23

Red Clover 7

Oats 4

Fescue 5

5. Fodder Plants

Rubinia 250

Salix 250

Capacity Building Activities

Date Name of the Training Programme or Exposure visit Participants

(No.)

14/06/2011 Training Programme on “Micronutrient Deficiency &

Disease Management in Horticultural Crops” at KVK

Kinnaur

22

18/06/2011 Awareness Camp on “Cultivation of Flowers” at KVK

Kinnaur

14

16/07/2011 Training Programme on “Integrated Nutrient

Management of Horticultural Crops & awareness on

Fodder Crop Cultivation and Use of Mineral Mixture in

Cattle and Sheep” at KVK Kinnaur

11

26/07/2011 Awareness Camp on “Soil Fertility Management &

Integrated Nutrient Management in Horticultural

10

Crops” at KVK Kinnaur

10/08/2011 Training Programme on “Soil Fertility & Integrated

Nutrient management in Horticultural Crops” at KVK

Kinnaur

12

27-

28/03/2012

Training Programme on “Management of Horticultural

Crops in Dry Temperate Zone” at KVK Kinnaur

32

13/04/2012 Training Programme on “Improved Technology of

Vegetable Cultivation” at KVK Kinnaur

74

10/05/2012 Training Programme on “Improved Production

Technology of Rajmash” at KVK Kinnaur

93

15/05/2012 Training Programme on “Management of Livestock and

Feeding on Mineral Mixture etc. in Cattles and Sheep”

at KVK Kinnaur

105

07/06/2012 Training Programme on “Crop production and Natural

Resource Management” & “Interaction meeting

regarding NICRA Village Interventions & Related

issues with farmers” at KVK Kinnaur

22

14/06/2012 Training Programme on “Production Technology of

Peas” at KVK Kinnaur

120

24/06/2012 Interaction Meeting of Farmers with ZPD team

members on “Natural Resource Management and Crop

Production” at NICRA Village Telangi

44

24/06/2012 Interaction meeting of ZPD Team members with KVK

Staff at KVK Kinnaur

32

13/07/2012 Training Programme on “Crop Production” and Meeting

of Telangi Village Farmers to Constitute Village

Climate Risk Management Committee.

33

24/07/2012 Interaction Meeting and Training of Farmers with

DEE, UHF, Nauni on “Natural Resource Management &

Crop Production”

21

20/09/2012 Interaction Meeting of Farmers Regarding NICRA

Project & Training Programme on “Nutrient

Management and Fertilizers Application in Apple

Orchards”

10

29/09/2012 Training Programme on “Integrated Nutrient

Management in Agriculture & Horticultural Crops” at

25

KVK Kinnaur

25/04/2013 Training Programme on “Improved Production

Technology of Temperate Vegetable Crops” at KVK

Kinnaur

25

26/04/2013 Training Programme on “Improved Production

Technology of Temperate Vegetable Crops” at KVK

Kinnaur

25

03/05/2013 Training Programme on “Improved Technology of

Temperate Vegetable Crops” at KVK Kinnaur

22

06/05/2013 Training Programme on “Soil Fertility Management” &

“Use of Organic Manure (Vermicompost) in Fruit,

Vegetable Pulse Crops” at KVK Kinnaur

25

27/05/2013 Training Programme on “Improved Production

Technology of Rajmash” & “Management of Livestock

including cattle and sheep feeding of mineral mixture”

at KVK Kinnaur

24

10/06/2013 Training Programme on Soil fertility Management &

Use of Organic Manure (Vermicompost) in Fruits

Vegetables & Pulses at KVK Kinnaur

25

16/07/2013 Training Programme on “Improved Production

Technology of Horticultural crops” & “Dairy

Management in Kinnaur District” at KVK Kinnaur

17

16/08/2013 Camp on Environmental Awareness among Farmers at

NICRA Village Telangi

16

06/09/2013 Training Programme on “Nursery Management in

Horticultural Crops” & Interaction meeting regarding

NICRA Village on Institutional Interaction and related

issues with farmers at KVK KInnaur

18

13/09/2013 Training Programme on “Employment Generation

through Nursery Raising, Seed Production and

Temperate Vegetable and Flower Crops” at NICRA

Telangi Village

27

17/09/2013 “Field Day On Rajmash and Black Gram” at Telangi

Village

11

30/10/2013 Training Programme on “Horticultural Operations in 21

winters Season” at KVK Kinnaur

08/11/2013 Training Programme on “Intercropping”, “Seed

Production of Flowers and Vegetable Crops” at NICRA

Village Telangi

32

28/11/2013 Post Harvest Practices Demonstration on Apple

Orchards at NICRA Village Telangi

26

30/11/2013

to

02/12/2013

Exposure Field Visit & Farmer-Scientist Interactions

on “Horticultural Technologies” at Dr YSP UHF Nauni

Solan and Kandaghat

3

11/12/2013 Training Programme on “Training Pruning of Apple

Orchards” at NICRA Village Telangi

14

Rajmash Day DEE visit to NICRA village

Urea Demonstration Exposure visit to UHF, Nauni

Farmer x Scientist interaction Orchard floor management

Conservation Apis cerana Apis cerana inside house

Pollination by native honey bee Plantation of fodder tree species in

flooded area

Field crops Irrigated with Apple Nursery Production Fodder Production

Stored water

Module-1: Crop Production

Interventions Technology

demonstrated

Critical

input

(Variety,

Fertilizer /

Chemicals

doses,)

No.

of

far

mer

s

Are

a

(ha)

Measurable

indicators

of yield*

%

increa

se

Economics of demonstration (Rs./ha) Economics of Local (Rs./ha)

Dem

o

Loc

al

Gross

Cost

Gross

Return

Net

Return

BCR Gross

Cost

Gross

Return

Net

Return

BCR

Location specific

intercropping

systems with high

sustainable yield

index1

Line sowing of

Apple +

Rajmash

Var. Jawala 05 0.4 8.50 7.00 21.4 59000 110500 51500 1.87 59000 91000 59000 1.54

Steep slope

orcharding

(scientific training

and pruning

intervention to

enhance quality

fruit production)2

Scientific

canopy

management

1.0 50 30 88.5 70.8 25.0 120000 442500 322500 3.52 11000

0

354000 244000 3.21

Pollination

management3

Pollination

management

through honey

bees

Colonies of

Apis

mellifera

113 100 121.

2

101.

5

19.4 132425 545400 452682 4.12 45675

0

130625 391875 3.50

Quality nursery

production as a

livelihood option

Apple nursery

production

Apple

seedlings

and bud

sticks of

improved

vars.

02 0.02 Apple seedlings have been lined out in the fields and will be grafted with commercial varieties during March

2017.

Traditional

Climate resilient

minor millets 4

Cultivation of

Traditional

Climate

resilient minor

millets

Ogla-Local

04 0.1 7.57 6.52 18.8 43250 68130 33880 1.57 38250 58680 20430 1.53

Phafra-Local 04 0.1 8.80 7.24 21.5 43250 79200 35950 1.83 38250 65160 26910 1.50

Details of activity :

1. Location specific intercropping systems with high sustainable yield index:

Seed of recommended variety of rajmash was provided to the farmers along with method of line sowing and other scientific know-how to

assess the impact on yield.

2. Steep slope orcharding:

Technology demonstration on scientific training and pruning of apple orchards to enhance quality fruit production was provided to the farmers

of the village.

3. Pollination management:

Around 100 ha area was geographically positioned at 150 sites with GPS record to place honey bee colonies for pollination management

in apple crop.

4. Nursery production:

Five thousand apple seedlings have been provided to two nursery growers. These seedlings will be grafted with commercial varieties during

March 2017.

5. Traditional Climate resilient minor millets:

Local varieties of climate resilient minor millet buckwheat (Fagopyrum tatricum) from Sangla valley of Kinnaur were compared for yield

performance following line sowing and broadcasting.

Honey bee Intercropping apple with rajmash

Line sowing of Rajmash

Training and pruning of temperate fruit Cultivation of buckwheat

Grafting of fruit nurseries Farmers trained on bee keeping aspect

Module-2: Livestock & Fisheries

Interventions Technol

ogy

demonst

rated

Critical

input

(Variet

y,

Fertiliz

er /

Chemic

als

doses,)

No.

of

far

mer

s

Unit/

No. /

Area

(ha)

Measurable

indicators of

output*

%

increas

e

Economics of demonstration

(Rs./ha)

Economics of demonstration (Rs./ha)

Demo Local Gross

Cost

Gross

Return

Net

Return

BCR Gross

Cost

Gross

Return

Net

Return

BCR

Vaccination Vaccinati

on for

FMD

- - 392

cows

Milk-

675L

FYM-

6 Q

Milk-

337.5

L

FYM-

4.5 Q

100 18500 24000 5500 1.30 12025 12600 575 1.05

Backyard poultry Chicks of

improved

breed

- 05 20

chicks

each

Egg-

140/ hen

- - 640 1400 760 2.19 - - - -

Introduction of

improved sheep

breed for wool

production

Improved

breed

Hogget 11 04 Four male of the improved were provided through the department of Animal Husbandry, Kinnaur (HP) in May 2015.

One hogget died after falling from the hill. The result of the progeny will come after one year.

Vaccination against FMD:

Vaccination of 416 sheep & goats and 392 cows was done during March 2016. Vaccination of an animal costs just Rs.7.16 whereas to treat an ailing

animal requires Rs. 1000/-. Milk production is reduced to half in infected milch animal. No disease infection was recorded amongst the vaccinated animals.

Backyard poultry:

Twenty chicks each of improved breed were provided to four farmers in the NICRA village to start backyard poultry. On an average a hen yielded 140

eggs during 7 months period. There has been no increase in the number of chicks.

Introduction of improved sheep breed:

Improved males of sheep breed Russian Merino were introduced for improvement of the existing sheep breed in the NICRA village for higher and

quality wool production. Out of the four males provided, one has died and the remaining three are in developmental stage and hence the result of the progeny

will come after one year.

Backyard poultry

Introduction of improved sheep breed for wool production

Module-3: Institutional Interventions

Interventions

Details of activity Critical input (Breed /

Variety / Medicine

doses,)

No. of

farmers

Unit / No. / Area (ha)

Name of crops /

Commodity

groups /

Implements

Quantity /

Number /

Rent /

Charges

Technology used

in seed / fodder

bank & function

of groups

Custom hiring

centre

Generator - - - - -

Pruning secateurs 1 @ Rs. 20 - - 01 0.08 ha

Grafting knife 1 @ Rs. 30 - - 01 300 No. grafts

Power weeder 1 @ Rs. 300/- - - 01 0.32 ha

Power Sprayer 1 @ Rs. 300/- - - 01 0.56 ha

Chain Saw 1 @ Rs. 300/- - - 02 0.48

Revenue generated from Custom Hiring and farmers share for interventions: Rs. 55190/-

Power sprayer

Budding/grafting knife

Sheep wool shearing machine

Chain saw cutter

Tools available with VCRMC Telangi

Module-4: Capacity Building (HRD)

Thematic area Title of training No. of

Courses

No. of beneficiaries Date

Male Female

Integrated crop

management

One day training camp on INM, pre-mature leaf fall and mite management

in apple

01 06 08 19/06/2015

Live stock

management

One day training programme on poultry management 01 04 01 30/07/2015

Integrated pest

management

Training programme on pest management in apple orchards (Telangi Khas) 01 02 10 11/08/2015 (FN)

Training programme on pest management in apple orchards (Telangi

Dakho)

01 08 01 11/08/2015 (AN)

Training programme on pest management in rajmash-apple orchards (Shuka

Saring)

01 04 06 12/08/2015 (FN)

Training programme on pest management in rajmash-apple orchards (Garo

Saring)

01 01 10 12/08/2015 (AN)

Integrated crop

management

Exposure visit of students from Saraswati Vidya Mandir, Telangi 01 41 58 08/09/2015

Crop management Training programme on winter management in apple orchards (Telangi

Khas)

01 15 05 15/01/2016 (FN)

Training programme on winter management in apple orchards (Danio

Saring)

01 07 06 15/01/2016 (AN)

Training programme on winter management in apple orchards (shuka and

Garo Saring)

01 21 04 16/01/2016

Training programme on winter management in apple orchards (Tarkhawa) 01 10 00 17/01/2016

Awareness camp on premature leaf fall in apple

Training programme on training and pruning Method demonstration on fertilizer application

Training on IPM in horticultural crops PPV&FRA Awareness cum Training camps at Hango and Chuling

Celebration of Pea day at Nesang TSP Camps at Pooh

Soil health day at Pooh

Kisan mela, 2016 at Reckong Peo

Declamation contest on swatch bharat

Cannabis eradication day

Field diagnostic visit

Module-5: Extension Activities

Name of the activity Number of

programmes

No. of beneficiaries Remarks

Male Female

Exposure visit 01 41 58 An Exposure visit of students from Saraswati Vidya Mandir,

Telangi, NICRA village was organized wherein the students were

taken to Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry,

RHRTS & KVK, Sharbo, Kinnaur (HP) to familiarize them of the

latest techniques in the field of horticulture and bee keeping.

Method demonstrations 12 112 103 Demonstrations were given on orchard floor management in apple,

method of seed treatment and line sowing in rajmash, training and

pruning for quality fruit production in apple, method of soil

sampling and fertilizer application.

Agro-advisory services 25 69 44 Agro-advisories were provided to the farmers relating to different

aspects of crop production on regular basis during the cropping

season.

Method demonstration on value addition Method demonstration on soil sampling