NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN INDONESIA Reviewing the 10 years...

8/10/2019 NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN INDONESIA Reviewing the 10 years progress

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MINISTRY OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING/

NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING AGENCY

Togu PardedeDeputy Director for Geology, Minning and Geothermal

Deputy of Natural Resource and Environment, BAPPENAS

Republic of Indonesia

INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON THE 10 YEARS COMMEMORATION OF THE 2004 INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI

24-26 November 2014, Borobudur Hotel, Jakarta, INDONESIA

NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING FOR

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN INDONESIA :

Reviewing the 1 years progress


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OUTLINE

1. Introduction

2. Disaster Management Policy in the National

Development Planning

3. Regulatory, Institutional, Budgeting /Investement

Framework on Disaster Management

4. Implementation DRR HFA and Post HFA in Indonesia

5. Example DRR activity

6. Conclusion


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INTRODUCTION(Disaster Overview

in Indonesia)


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INTRODUCTION

Increasing frequency of disasters has threaten development and investments

and causing casualties and economic losses that are not small

Geology condition of Indonesia ( sitting in the 3 active faults, ring of fire)

Disasters events 1300/year in average (flood, landslide,, earthquake).5.84

occurance of earthquake/day in 4 RS.

205 million of people living in risk of disaster (87% of population). 388

Districs/Municipal of 497 District/Municipal in high risk (78%), while

remaining (22%) are in medium risk. (IRBI 2014, BNPB)

Within ten years (2004-2014) damage and loss of big disaster reach Rp.167 T,

while the total spending of government for emergency response and

rehabilitation is Rp 102 T. (It can build 60 airport kualanamu, 15 Jakarta MRT)

The growth centers and economic centers are potential in risk.

Disasters significantly contributes to increase the gap in regional development

(increasing the poor, setback in development, lowering investor interest, etc)

The policy, legal or regulatory framework is not fully in place that makes

disaster risk reduction as normal part of the development process.

4


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INDONESIA IS DISASTER PRONE COUNTRY

DISASTER RISK MAP OF INDONESIA, 2013


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TSUNAMI RISK MAP

TSUNAMI RISK MAP OF INDONESIA, 2013


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No. Disaster Event Date Damages & Losses (Billion IDR)

1 Earthquake and Tsunami, Aceh Dec 2004 41.400

2 Earthquake DIY & Central Java May 2006 29.150

3 Mud Flod Sidoarjo May 2006 7.300

4 Jabodetabek Flood , 2007 Feb 2007 5.184

5 Earthquake West Sumatera Mar 2007 1.080,7

6 Earthquake - Bengkulu and West Sumatera Sept 2007 1.790.9

7 Flood and Landslide East Java Jan 2008 1.691.5

8 Earthquake in Tasikmalaya, West Java Sept 2009 6.900

9 Earthquake, West Sumatera Sept 2009 2.0867

10 Flash Flood in Wasior, West Pupua Sept 2010 280,58

11 Earthquake and Tsunami in Mentawai Islands Oct 2010 348,92

12 Mount Merapi Eruption Oct 2010 3.628,71

13 Others 2004-2010 34.000

14 Jabodetabek Flood , 2013 Jan 2013 8.340

15 Earthquake in Aceh Tengah dan Bener Meriah Jul 2013 1.356,6

16 Mt. Sinabung Eruption Jan 2014 865

17 Flash Flood in Manado Jan 2014 1.569,9

18 Mt. Kelud Eruption Feb 2014 1.255,0

TOTAL 167.741,8

MAJOR CATASTROPHES IN RECENT DECADE

(2004-2014)


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DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN

NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN

(Long Term, Medium and Annually)


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DEVELOPMENT PLAN IN INDONESIA

Ministry Annual Work Plan

National Long TermDevelopment Plan (NLTDP )

National Medium Term

Development Plan (NMTDP )

Strategic Plan Line

Ministries/Sectoral

National Government Annual

Work Plan

Local Government Agency

Annual Work Plan

Local Long Term DevelopmentPlan (LLTDP )

Local Government Medium

Term Development Plan

(LGMTDP )

Strategic Plan Local

Government Agencies

Local Government Annual WorkPlan

NATIONAL LOCAL

20ye

ar

5

year

1

year


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Reforming the NKRI,

developing an Indonesia

that is secure, peaceful,

just, and democratic,

with enhanced

properity.

consolidating

the reformed Indonesia,

increasing the quality

of human resources, pr

omotion of capacity bui

lding in science and technology,

strengthening of econo

mic competitiveness

Consolidating of devel

opment in a comprehe

nsive by emphasizing

attainment

of economic competiti

ve advantage based on

available natural reso

urces , quality of hum

an resources,capability science and

technology

realizing an Indonesiat

hat is selfreliant, adva

nced, just, and prosper

ous through the accele

ration of development

in various fields by e

mphasizing the realiz

ed economic structure

that is more solid on

the basis of competiti

ve advantage in vario

us regions, and is supported by

quality and competitiv

e human resources.

THE STAGES OD DEVELOPMENT IN LONG TERM

DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2005-2025


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VISION & MISSION LONG TERMDEVELOPMENT PLAN 2005-2025(in accordance with disaster management)

1. Creating a society, moral,

culture based on Pancasila

2. Realizing the highly

competitive nation

3. Realizing a democratic

society based on the rule

of law4. Realizing secure, peaceful,

and united of Indonesia

5. Creating equal and

equitable development

6. Realization of Livability

and Sustainable Indonesia

7. Realizing Indonesia to

became independent,

advanced, powerfulmaritime nation based on

national interests

8. Realizing an Indonesia

that has an important role

in the international

Community

1. Harnessing Renewable Natural

Resources.

2. Managing Natural Resources Non-

Renewable

3. Maintain Security Availability Energy

4. Maintaining and Preserving Water

Resources

5. Developing Potential of MarineResources

6. Increase the Value Added on

Utilization of Unique Natural

Resources Tropical Notice and

Managing the Diversity of Existing

Natural Resources in Each Region

7. Disaster Mitigation In accordance

with Indonesian Geological

Conditions8. Controlling Pollution and

Environmental Degradation

9. Increasing Capacity Natural

Resources Management and

Environment

10.Increase Public Awareness to care

the Environment


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Disaster Management in LTDP 2005-

2025

1. Realizing Competitive Nations :

a. The development and utilization of science and technology , through the enhancement of

national science and technology capabilities in fulfilling the lives of the nation , and create

a sense of security , the role of science and technology necessary to anticipate and cope

with natural disasters .

b . Facilities and adequate infrastructure and advanced , through increasedpublic

participation and partnership among stakeholders continue to be pursued not only

during disaster but also at the stage of disaster prevention and post- disaster recovery

2. Achieve a more equitable development and justice , including the poor and people living

in remote areas , disadvantaged and disaster areas.

3. Realizing Indonesia are balance and sustainable . Development is done by taking intoaccount environmental and including improving capabilities and implementation of early

detection as well as promoting and disseminating information on threats and vulnerability

to natural disasters to the public at an early stage .

4. Realizing Indonesian archipelago independent, advanced , powerful , and based on

national interests . Reduce disaster impacts of coastal and marine pollution , through the

development of disaster mitigation systems and the development of early warning system .

In RPJPN 2005-2025, the development of disaster management is directed to

support the achievement of the mission and the main targets for :


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MEDIUM TERM DEVELOPMENT PLAN

2010-2014

Governance and Bureaucracy Reform

Education

Health

Poverty Reduction

Food Security

Infrastructure

Business and Investment

Energy

Environment and Disaster Management

Disadvantaged, Border, Outer Islands and Post Conflict

Culture, Creativity and Technology Innovation

RPJMN 2010-2014 has integrated disaster management efforts into the national policy to

be integrated into local development planning synergistically, and described in the annualwork plan in all units of local government work .


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POLICY APPROACH IN MANAGING RISK IN

INDONESIA DEVELOPMENT PLANNING


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Mainstreaming disaster risk reduction as national and localpriority

Strengthening capacity of disaster management at national and

sub-national level,

Effective utilization of spatial management instrument for

disaster risk reduction policy framework

Encouraging the participation of civil society for disaster

management and disaster risk reduction as well as improving the

community resilience by adopting the local wisdom

Increasing the quality of delivery result of emergency andhumanitarian assistance

Acceleration of quality physical and livelihood recovery in the

disaster affected region

Disaster Management Policy in the National

MediumTerm Development Planning

2010-2014


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Regulatory, Institutional, Budgeting

/Investment Framework on

Disaster Management


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1. Law No 24 year 2007 on Disaster Management

2. Law No 26 year 2007 on Spatial Planning

3. Law No 27year 2007 on Small Islands and Coastal Management

4. Government Regulation (GR) No 21/2008 on DM Operations, GR

No 22/2008 on Funding & Management of Disaster Assistance, GR No

23/2008 on Participation of International Institutions and Foreign

Non-Government Institution in DM

5. Presidential Regulation No 8 / 2008 on NDMA (BNPB)

1. Establishment of BNPB in 20082. Establishment of BPBD in a number of provincial and

district / city levels

3. Establishment on National Platform on DRR

4. Establishment of Mitigation Forum (led by Ministry of

Marine Affairs and Fisheries)

Regulatory Framework

Institutional Framework

REGULATORY & INSTITUTIONAL

FRAMEWORK ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT


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Disaster Budget Alocation and Disaster

Risk Reduction Investment

Disaster risk reduction activities not consumptive activities , but ratheran investment , because the results can not be seen today , but in the

future

According to the Global Agreement, the funding support to DRR at least

includes:

1% of the total national budget,

10% of the total funding of the post disaster recovery budget; and

30% of the total funding of climate change related budget

the amount of the allocation of funding for State Budget (APBN) 2013amounted to 0.9% for DRR, increasing compare to year of 2007 that of

0.7%. For the provincial budget on average only 0.38 % and

districts/city average less than 0.1 % .

It still need affirmative budget policy to reach 1% of the total APBN

every year.


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Implementation DRR HFA

and Post HFA in Indonesia


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NO PRIORITAS HFA LevelProgress

1. Ensure that disaster risk reduction

is priority with strong institution

3.5

2. Identify, assess and monitor

disaster risks and enhance early

warning

3.75

3. Build a culture of safety andresilience

3.25

4. Reduce the underlying risk factors 3.25

5. Strengthen disaster preparedness

for effective response

3.5

JUMLAH

Indonesia DRR Progress:

5 Level Progress:

1 Minor progress with few signs of forward

action in plans or policy

2 Some progress, but without systematic

policy and/or institutional commitment

3 Institutional commitment attained, but

achievements are neither comprehensive

nor substantial

4 Substantial achievement attained but

with recognized limitations in capacities

and resources

5 Comprehensive achievement with

sustained commitment and capacities at all

levelsSource: HFA Progress Report : Indonesia

DRR PROGRESS ON HFA 2005-2015 (5

PA, based on 22 HFA Indicator)

The Global Assessment Report (102 countries) : Significant Progress : PA No. 1 and 5 ,

Consistence Progress : 2 , Weak Progress : 3 and 4. ( Source : GAR 2009)

Weak progress: HFA no.3 & 4

Significant progress : HFA No .2

COMPARE WITH INVESTEMNT?

Global DRR Progress:


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DRR INVESTMENT ON HFA 2005-2015

(based on National Budget)

NO HFA PRIORITY

BUDGET 2011 BUDHET 2012 LineMinistries

to involvedRp. Miliar (%) Rp. Miliar (%)

1. Ensure that disaster risk reduction

is priority with strong institution

282 2,77 283 2,53 14

2. Identify, assess and monitor

disaster risks and enhance early

warning

479 4,70 618 5,52 16

3. Build a culture of safety and

resilience

133 1,31 118 1,05 12

4. Reduce the underlying risk factors 8.449 82,79 9.394 83,74 9

5. Strengthen disaster preparedness

for effective response

860 8,44 803 7,16 12

TOTAL 10.205 100,00 11.218 100,00

The biggest investment allocation (84 %) is used to implement the HFA priority

actions no. 4: reducing the factors underlying risk ;

The smallest allocation investment for priority action no.3: utilize the knowledge ,

innovation and education to build culture of safety and resilience

Sumber: Bappenas-UNDP, 2013


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EXAMPLES OF DRR ACTIVITY:DRR

Based Village Planning

DRR b d Vill S i l Pl i i A h R


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Within 2 years, 647 Village Spatial Plans (VP)

were made in Aceh Prov, 63 village plans in

Banda Aceh City as basic of reconstructionprojects.

3 multilateral agencies, 3 Bilateral donors, 3

INGO, as well as BRR supported all the resources

in making the plans. Each donor use their own

approaches

The Village Plan/Community Action plan isdeveloped by the villagers assisted by thousands

planners and facilitators that had been dispatched

at villages

The Village Planning process is complex due to

the characteristics of extreme situation (natural

and man-made disaster/conflict) and manyplayers/donors involved.

Lesson Learned for current/upcoming Village

Resilience Project (BNPB, MinKKP, MinSocial, Min

Env, MinKKDTDT, etc)

DRR based Village Spatial Planning in Acehs Recovery

Post Tsunami 2004

23

ADB6%

BRR21%

CARE3%

GTZ6%

MDF-WorldBank31%

Mercy Corps3%

UNHabitat9%

UPLINK9%

USAID

12%

Donor`s contribution on VP inBanda Aceh City

CARE0%

ADB9%

Ausaid-LOGICA

25%

BRR

37%

GTZ3%

MDF-REKOMPAK

13%

MERCYCORPS

2%UN

HABITAT2%

UP-LINK2%

USAID4%

GERMANRED CROSS

3%

Total: 63 villages

Donor's Contribution on VP in Aceh Province

* Source Togu Pardede (2014) Politics in Spatial Planning Following Aceh Tsunami 2004 in Up comingBook Spatial Planning Following Disaster, 2014

EXAMPLE of VILLAGE PLAN: Lamjabat village (USAID model)


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EXAMPLE of VILLAGE PLAN: Lamjabat village (USAID model)

Profil Desa: Housing Destroyed

Population before and

after (before 1670 after

240)

Proses: 3 months participation

process: socialization,

community land and risk

mapping, data collection,

Spatial Plan, DevelopmentScenario,

Plan Component :

- Village Land and Risk Map

- Vilage Spatial PLan

- Infrastructure plan

- Mitigation: Green Belt,

evacuation road, escape

building/hill,Sirine

- Village DevelopmentProgram (RPJMDesa)

0203

04

05

06

07

08

0910

11

12

13

14

15

16

1718

19

70

22

2021

71

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

31

30

3233

34

353639

3837

40

41

4243

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

6 1 6 2

63 64 65

66

67 68 69

220

70

71

727374

75 76

7 7 7 8 7 9 8 0

81

82

83848586

87888990

9 1 9 2 93 94

95

96

97

9899100101102103104105

106

107

108109

100 1 1 1 1 1 2 113 114 115 116

117

118

119

120

121

DESABLANGOI

DESA

GAMPONG

BARO

DESACOTLAMKUWEH

DESAGAMPONGBLANG

136137

138

139

140141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

217

152

153

154 155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167 168 169

170

171 172

173

174

175176177

178

179180

181

182

183

183

184 185

186

187

188

189

190 191 192 193 194

196

195

197

198

199 200201

202

203204205

206 207

208 209

210

211

216

212

213

214

215

DESASURIEN

SMU NEGERI6 BANDAACEH

SMP NEGERI2

BANDAACEH

KUBURAN

SDN 49 BANDAACEHTK NEGERI

PUSKESMAS

135134

133

1 2 3 1 1 2

124

125

2 1 8126127

128

129

131

130132

S A W AH

S A W AH

J

K LI H E U U K

K LI

E

L U / I E

I I E U U H

E ILIK IHHI U

01

K I

I I

L

L K I

K L

K

HLI I

3002001000

JARINGANJALAN EKSISTING

JALANYANGRUSAK

SALURANDRAINASE

Village land mapping : land title Village Plan: land use

Village Plan Draft: signed by head of village,BRR,resident representative

Sebelum tsunami Setelah tsunami


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DISASTER MANAGEMENT CHALLEGE IN

2015-2019

Geological disasters is still a threat and risk to national and regionaleconomic growth

The frequency and increasing the threat of catastrophic events ofclimatology and climate change ; especially floods , landslides ,tornados, and drought

Financing post-disaster recovery is still a burden on the centralgovernment

Mainstreaming disaster risk reduction in development in national andsub national has not been fully implemented, so that the DRR

investment has not been a significantly impact.

The ineffectiveness of the performance of disaster management toreduce vulnerability and disaster risk management

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1. Since 2005 until recently, a significant evolution is made on disaster management inIndonesia. Strengthening the capacity for disaster risk management is become one of the

GoI priority in the LTDP 2005-2025 in MTDP since 2005 to 2014, as well as Goverment

Annual work Plan.

2. Disaster management agency has been established at central and provincial/district level tolead and coordinate the pre-disaster, during and post disaster program implementation.

3. The fact that disaster management has become national political commitment needs to beadvanced into integrating disaster management into the overall national and local

development planning as well as increasing DRR investement. Synchronize the planinig

the document, coordination among government at national and sub national is the key to

integrating disaster management into development

4. Next RPJMN 2015-2010 more focus in building the resilience and reducing risk in riskregions/areas-as well as in the growth centre. (Current and future risk)

5. Reducing Vulnerabilities and Building Resilience contribut for Sustaining Human Progress(HDR 2014).

6. Post HFA 2016-2026in Sendai March 2015 is crucial in promoting DRR in the next decade.Important issues have to be promoted: Understanding disaster risk, Strengthening

governance to manage disaster risk , Preparedness for response, recovery and

reconstruction Build Back Better, Investing in social, economic and environmental

resilience.

CLOSING REMARKS


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THANK YOU

NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN INDONESIA Reviewing the 10 years...

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