NATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSDNATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSD

Issues for DiscussionsIssues for Discussions

Legal Basis for Participation

History of Participation in International Operations 1996 - 2013

Participation in international Missions 2013

Some Lessons Learned

The way Ahead – Conclusions

Legal Basis for Participation

History of Participation in International Operations 1996 - 2013

Participation in international Missions 2013

Some Lessons Learned

The way Ahead – Conclusions

NATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSDNATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSD

04/21/23 Unclassified 3

LEGAL BASIS FOR INTERNATIONAL ENGAGEMENTLEGAL BASIS FOR INTERNATIONAL ENGAGEMENT

NATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSDNATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSD

ALBANIAN CONSTITUTION 1999: “…the Armed Forces ensure the independence of the country, and protect its territorial integrity and constitutional order “; ALBANIAN CONSTITUTION 1999: “…the Armed Forces ensure the independence of the country, and protect its territorial integrity and constitutional order “;

STRATEGIC DEFENCE REVIEW 2013: “The Military Objective 3 relates to AAF commitment to support regional and international peace and security. AAF shall be prepared to contribute with capabilities for crisis management and peace support missions as well as other non-combat activities, such as training assistance and advisory roles, capacity building within defence and military cooperation programs”.

STRATEGIC DEFENCE REVIEW 2013: “The Military Objective 3 relates to AAF commitment to support regional and international peace and security. AAF shall be prepared to contribute with capabilities for crisis management and peace support missions as well as other non-combat activities, such as training assistance and advisory roles, capacity building within defence and military cooperation programs”.

DEFENCE POLICY/ MILITARY STRATEGY 2007: “… the mission of the Armed Forces is the preservation of independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country, protection an support of the people in times of peace, crisis and war, and the contribution to peace and security in the region and beyond” .

DEFENCE POLICY/ MILITARY STRATEGY 2007: “… the mission of the Armed Forces is the preservation of independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country, protection an support of the people in times of peace, crisis and war, and the contribution to peace and security in the region and beyond” .

NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY 2004: “Roles and missions of the Armed Forces are defined in compatibility with the in security strategic contexts, the strategic objective of NATO integration and, their increase participation and contribution in international PSO“.

NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY 2004: “Roles and missions of the Armed Forces are defined in compatibility with the in security strategic contexts, the strategic objective of NATO integration and, their increase participation and contribution in international PSO“.

04/21/23 Unclassified 4

ALBANIAN OPINION ON PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL OPSALBANIAN OPINION ON PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL OPS

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POLITICAL WILL: All political parties support international organizations and participation in their operations; POLITICAL WILL: All political parties support international organizations and participation in their operations;

POPULAR SUPPORT: There is a strong popular support for integration in international organization and participation in their operations.POPULAR SUPPORT: There is a strong popular support for integration in international organization and participation in their operations.

QENDRA KOMBËTARE E SIGURISË DHE MBROJTJES - QKSMQENDRA KOMBËTARE E SIGURISË DHE MBROJTJES - QKSM

Albania – The long way for NATO Integration

1992, Albania has publicly declared the political will to join NATO Alliance.

1994, Albania signed the Partnership for Peace Framework Initiative (PfP).

1995, Albania and NATO approved the First Individual Partnership for Peace Program (IPP).

1995, Albania participates in the Planning and Review Process of the PfP Initiative (PARP).

1996, Albania sent for the first time its troops abroad in IFOR Operation in B-H.

1997, Albania participates for the first time in meeting of the of the Euro-Atlantik Partnership Council (EAPC)

1997, Albanian mission in NATO Headquarters in Brussels is open.

1998, NATO PfP Office is opened in Tirana, Albania.

1999, All national facilities are made available for NATO Operations in Kosovo and COMMZW Tirana established.

1999, Albania is accepted as an aspirant country in the Washington Summit.

1999, Albania develops its firs Membership Action Plan (MAP).

2003, A3 Initiative launched and signed with the United Stated for NATO membership in Tirana.

2008, Bucharest Summit gave the NATO membership invitation to Albania.

2009, Albania become full NATO member in the Strasburg-Kehl Summit.

2013, NATO –Albania integration Conference stated Albania is fully integrated in NATO Force Structure

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NATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSDNATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSD

Military Personnel in International Operations – Albania

04/21/23 Unclassified 7

NATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSDNATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSD

04/21/23 8

IRAK: Iraqi Freedom Total: 1343 MilitaryIRAK: Iraqi Freedom Total: 1343 Military

Minursat, ÇADTotal: 189 MilitaryMinursat, ÇADTotal: 189 Military

GEORGIA: UNOMIGTotal: 39 Military GEORGIA: UNOMIGTotal: 39 Military

ALTHEA, Bosnia – HerzegovinaTotal: 1388 MilitaryPresent: 6 officers

ALTHEA, Bosnia – HerzegovinaTotal: 1388 MilitaryPresent: 6 officers

KFOR, Kosovo: Total: 28 MilitaryPresent: 10 officers

KFOR, Kosovo: Total: 28 MilitaryPresent: 10 officers

ISAF, AFGANISTAN: Total: 2973 MilitaryPresent: 201 military

ISAF, AFGANISTAN: Total: 2973 MilitaryPresent: 201 military

Present: 217

Total: 6248 Legend:

Completed operationsCompleted operations

Ongoing OperationsOngoing Operations

ALBANIA PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL MISSIONS – FIRST HALF 2013ALBANIA PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL MISSIONS – FIRST HALF 2013

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ALTHEA, Bosnia – HerzegovinaPresent: 1 officerALTHEA, Bosnia – HerzegovinaPresent: 1 officer

KFOR, Kosovo: Present: 10 officersKFOR, Kosovo: Present: 10 officers

ISAF, AFGANISTAN: Present: 80 military personnelISAF, AFGANISTAN: Present: 80 military personnel

Total Participation: 91 military personnel

Legend:

Ongoing OperationsOngoing Operations

ALBANIA PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL MISSIONS – SECOND HALF 2013ALBANIA PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL MISSIONS – SECOND HALF 2013

ISAF, Afganistan ISAF Central HQ and IJC, Kabul: 3 mil pers Regional Command Center (RC-C), Kabul:

MAT-A Team, (RC-C), Kabul: 12 mil pers Special Forces Trainers, (Wardak RC-C), Kabul: 5 mil pers POMLT-A Liaison (A-5), (RC-C), Kabul: 1 mil pers NTM-A, Liaison (RC-C), Kabul: 3 mil pers CSTC Liaison, Kabul: 2 mil pers

Regional Command West (RC-W), Herat: HQ Liaison 3 mil pers ACCI Command Liaison 1 mil

pers Regional Command South (RC-S), Kandahar: 50 mil pers

KFOR, Kosovo KFOR HQ Liaison 10 mil pers

ALTHEA, Bosnia-Hercegovina HQ STAFF Liaison 1 mil pers

ISAF, Afganistan ISAF Central HQ and IJC, Kabul: 3 mil pers Regional Command Center (RC-C), Kabul:

MAT-A Team, (RC-C), Kabul: 12 mil pers Special Forces Trainers, (Wardak RC-C), Kabul: 5 mil pers POMLT-A Liaison (A-5), (RC-C), Kabul: 1 mil pers NTM-A, Liaison (RC-C), Kabul: 3 mil pers CSTC Liaison, Kabul: 2 mil pers

Regional Command West (RC-W), Herat: HQ Liaison 3 mil pers ACCI Command Liaison 1 mil

pers Regional Command South (RC-S), Kandahar: 50 mil pers

KFOR, Kosovo KFOR HQ Liaison 10 mil pers

ALTHEA, Bosnia-Hercegovina HQ STAFF Liaison 1 mil pers

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Contribution of Military Personnel in ISAF MISSION

11

Points of ISAF contribution in the period January – July 2013Points of ISAF contribution in the period January – July 2013

Mission/Participation

Number of Personnel

Specific Points/ per Unit

Total Points

Staff Officers 13 1 13

Troops 107 1 107

NTM-A 5 2 10

Special Forces 50 3 150

Special Forces trainers

5 10 50

OMLT/MAT-A 20 10 160 (Standard Limit per Team)

POMLT 1 PU 10 10

Medical Team 10 10 100

Total 227 600 Points

NATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSDNATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSD

12

Countries Contribution to ISAF Percentage of contribution (0-1%)

Albania 211 Persons/ 600 points 0.32 %

Croatia 278 Personnel 0.60 %

Slovenia 79 Personnel 0.18 %

Estonia 153 Personnel 0.15 %

Bulgaria 561 Personnel 0.80 %

Romania 1800 Personnel 1.7 %

Greece 112 Personnel 0. 39 %

Compared with the size of the population, Albania is among the 10 first NATO countries contributing to ISAF.

ISAF Contribution Countries, NATO Sources, January 2013

NATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSDNATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSD

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All Missions

Total Personnel

Cost in ALL(6 Month)

Cost in US $(6 Month)

Credits

Total 227 540 Millions 50 Millions 600 Points

NATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSDNATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSD

Cost of Albanian Participation in International OperationsOne 6 month Rotation, Jan – July 2013

Cost of Albanian Participation in International OperationsOne 6 month Rotation, Jan – July 2013

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NATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSDNATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSD

Participation in international operations has been a training school for the Albanian Armed ForcesParticipation in international operations has been a training school for the Albanian Armed Forces

Focus on training, mentoring and advisor teams should be more considered ahead Focus on training, mentoring and advisor teams should be more considered ahead

Participation only with military forces; no participation with Civilian capabilities; only a police teamParticipation only with military forces; no participation with Civilian capabilities; only a police team

Several Caveats at the beginning, limited with guarding missions; later participation of combat forcesSeveral Caveats at the beginning, limited with guarding missions; later participation of combat forces

SOME LESSONS LEARNED FROM INTERNATIONAL ENGAGEMENT - ALBANIA

High political Level of Ambition associated with a cost of some 25% of the defence budget High political Level of Ambition associated with a cost of some 25% of the defence budget

A Lessons Learned System is institutionalized in AAF at operational levelA Lessons Learned System is institutionalized in AAF at operational level

Strategic transport and other support given by other countries especially US, Turkey, Italy, France, etcStrategic transport and other support given by other countries especially US, Turkey, Italy, France, etc

Bilateral, multilateral and regional units supporting smart defense are a better approachBilateral, multilateral and regional units supporting smart defense are a better approach

NATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSDNATIONAL CENTER ON SECURITY AND DEFENCE – NCSD