National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme...
Transcript of National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme...
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National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
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NatioNal actioN PlaN For
HaritHa laNka Programme
NatioNal couNcil For SuStaiNable DeveloPmeNt
PreSiDeNtial Secretariat, colombo 01.
Convener : Ministry of environMent and natural resourCes, 82, “saMpathpaya”, rajaMalwatta road, BattaraMulla.
january 2009
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NatioNal couNcil For SuStaiNable DeveloPmeNt
cHairmaN:
� H.E. the President
memberS:
� Hon. Minister of Agriculture and Agrarian Services � Hon. Minister of Disaster Management and Human Rights� Hon. Minister of Education� Hon. Minister of Enterprise Development and Investment Promotion� Hon. Minister of Environment and Natural Resources � Hon. Minister of Export Development and International Trade� Hon. Minister of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources� Hon. Minister of Finance and Planning� Hon. Minister of Healthcare and Nutrition � Hon. Minister of Industrial Development� Hon. Minister of Irrigation and Water Management � Hon. Minister of Labour Relations and Manpower � Hon. Minister of Local Government and Provincial Council� Hon. Minister of Nations Building and Estate Infrastructure� Hon. Minister of Plan Implementation � Hon. Minister of Power and Energy� Hon. Minister of Plantation Industries � Hon. Minister of Science and Technology� Hon. Minister of Tourism � Hon. Minister of Transport � Hon. Minister of Urban Development and Sacred Area Development � Hon. Minister of Water Supply and Drainage
coNveNer:
� Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources
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National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
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Having successfully prosecuted a war against the most brutal terrorist organization in the world, Sri Lanka is now in a position to fully enjoy our independence 61 years after the dawn of freedom. All our people can now live in peace and understanding, and together work towards forging a bright future for the nation.
While socio-economic development is of utmost importance, it is equally necessary that we protect our natural resources, safeguard the environment and are prudent in the use of the assets that nature has bestowed upon our land. This requires emphasis on sustainable development by the judicious use of resources today which will protect and even enhance them for the future.
Sri Lanka has an impressive record of natural resource management and sustainable use. In facing the major challenges of climate change and protection of the environment, it is necessary to combine the best modern concepts with the tried and tested methods that history has provided us. We should seek a successful blend of the best of modern science and the richness of traditional knowledge.
It is for this purpose that I have established the National Council for Sustainable Development, which functions under my Chairmanship and includes the Ministers in charge of major economic development programmes. This Council is charged with responsibility for producing an integrated policy, and overseeing and guiding the implementation of the Haritha Lanka Programme to ensure the sustainability of social and economic development programmes. I am glad that the National Action Plan for the Haritha Lanka Programme has been presented and look forward to its implementation with the least delay as the Road Map for the sustainable development of Sri Lanka.
Mahinda RajapaksaPresident of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
Message of H.e. tHe President
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With human vulnerability to environmental change reaching unprecedented levels, environmental friendly development has now been recognized as the key to the long term sustainability of any economic activity. People’s livelihood, as well as their health and well-being, are inextricably linked to the biological and physical properties and the proper functioning of the natural ecosystems. We in Sri Lanka, have to be especially concerned since our country has been identified as a “biodiversity hotspot” where its many endemic species are subjected to serious threat.
Today, we are confronted with a multiple global crisis situation relating to energy, food, fresh water and finance. It is clear that bail-out plans with injecting of funds to financial institutions that are becoming unstable would not solve the present problem as these institutions have been formed based on the expectation of unlimited growth leading to unsustainable production and consumption practices.
It has become necessary to direct even the short term plans along a path of sustainable economic and social development. It is in this context that the Government has introduced the Haritha Lanka program and established a National Council for Sustainable Development under the leadership of H.E. the President to ensure integration of environmental concerns into the economic and social development processes throughout the country.
The Haritha Lanka Programme of Action was developed through an interactive process involving all the key ministries. Its missions focus on addressing the critical issues that, if left unattended, would frustrate our economic development programmes. Clean air and clean and adequate supplies of water must be available to all. The country’s priceless natural heritage of fauna and flora must not be allowed to get degraded. The cities have to be clean and provide a healthy environment for all the city dwellers. The industries must learn and put into practice measures for preventing environmental pollution. The island’s limited land resources should be used optimally. And the coastal belt, one of the most picturesque parts of the country, requires special attention to ensure that its integrity remains unblemished and that it would continue to serve as a major contributor to the country’s economy. Actions to address these key areas are embodied in the strategies and proposed actions set out under the ten missions of the Haritha Lanka Programme.
I sincerely hope that this National Acton Plan would lay a solid foundation leading to a sustainable future for the present and future generations of our country.
Patali Champika Ranawake M.P.Minister of Environment and Natural Resources
Message of tHe Hon. Minister of
environMent and natural resources
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10 miSSioNS
� miSSioN 1 : Clean air - everywhere
� miSSioN 2 : saving the fauna, flora and eCosysteMs
� miSSioN 3 : Meeting the Challenges of CliMate Change
� miSSioN 4 : wise use of the Coastal Belt and the sea around
� miSSioN 5 : responsiBle use of the land resourCes
� miSSioN 6 : doing away with the duMps
� miSSioN 7 : water for all and always
� miSSioN 8 : green Cities for health and prosperity
� miSSioN 9 : greening the industries
� miSSioN 10 : Knowledge for right ChoiCes
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coNteNtS
Message of h.e. the president i
Message of the hon. Minister of environMent and natural resourCes ii
Missions iii
Contents iv
aBBreviations v
introduCtion ix
miSSioN 1: cleaN air - everywHere 1preaMBle, strategies and aCtions
miSSioN 2: SaviNg tHe FauNa, Flora aND ecoSyStemS 11preaMBle, strategies and aCtions
miSSioN 3: meetiNg tHe cHalleNgeS oF climate cHaNge 27preaMBle, strategies and aCtions
miSSioN 4: wiSe uSe oF tHe coaStal belt aND tHe Sea arouND 41preaMBle, strategies and aCtions
miSSioN 5: reSPoNSible uSe oF tHe laND reSourceS 53preaMBle, strategies and aCtions
miSSioN 6: DoiNg away witH tHe DumPS 67preaMBle, strategies and aCtions
miSSioN 7: water For all aND alwayS 77preaMBle, strategies and aCtions
miSSioN 8: greeN citieS For HealtH aND ProSPerity 91preaMBle, strategies and aCtions
miSSioN 9: greeNiNg tHe iNDuStrieS 101preaMBle, strategies and aCtions
miSSioN 10: kNowleDge For rigHt cHoiceS 111preaMBle, strategies and aCtions
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National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
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AirMAC - Air Resource Management CentreAyu.Ins - Ayurvedic InstitutionsBOI - Board of InvestmentBRT - Buss Rapid TransitCBOs - Community Based OrganizationsCCSec. - Climate Change SecretariatCCD - Coast Conservation DepartmentCDM - Clean Development MechanismCEA - Central Environmental AuthorityCEB - Ceylon Electricity BoardCERs - CertifiedEmissionReductionsCP - Cleaner Production CPA - Consumer Protection AuthorityCPC - Ceylon Petroleum CorporationDC - Department of CustomsDFC - Department of Forest ConservationDMC - Disaster Management CenterDMT - DepartmentofMotorTrafficDoA - Department of AgricultureDoAP&H - Department of Ayurvedic Practices and HealthDoF - Department of FisheriesDoI - Department of IrrigationDoIEC - Department of Import & Export ControlDoM - Department of Meteorology Dis.Secs - District SecretariatsDiv.Secs - Divisional SecretariatsDWLC - Department of Wildlife Conservation EDB - Export Development BoardEPDs - Education Publication Departments GDP - Gross Domestic ProductsGHG - Green House GasesGIS - Geographic Information System GJA - Gems & Jewellry AuthorityGSMB - Geological Survey and Mines Bureau
abbreviatioNS
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HWM - Hazardous Waste Management ICTAD - Institute for Construction Training and DevelopmentIOC - Indian Oil CorporationIPD - Industrial Policy DivisionIUCN - International Union for Conservation of NatureLAs - Local AuthoritiesLCM - Life Cycle Management LDD - Legal Drarftman’s Department LPHA - Local Public Health AuthorityLRC - Land Reform Commission LRT - Light Rapid TransitLUPPD - Land Use Policy Planning DivisionM/AD&AS - Ministry of Agriculture Development & Agrarian Services M/CD&WE - Ministry of Child Development & Women’s EmpowermentM/CA - Ministry of Cultural AffairsM/DM &HR - Ministry of Disaster Management & Human RightsM/E - Ministry of EducationM/ED&IT - Ministry of Export Development & International TradeM/E&NR - Ministry of Environment & Natural ResourcesM/F&P - Ministry of Finance & PlanningM/F&AR - Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic ResourcesM/H&N - Ministry of Healthcare & NutritionM/H&CA - Ministry of Housing & Common AmenitiesM/H&RD - Ministry of Highways & Road DevelopmentM/ID - Ministry of Industrial DevelopmentM/I&WM - Ministry of Irrigation & Water ManagementM/L&LD - Ministry of Land & Land DevelopmentM/LR&M - Ministry of Labour Relations & ManpowerM/LG&PC - Ministry of Local Government & Provincial CouncilsM/MM&I - Ministry of Mass Media & InformationM/NB&EID - Ministry of Nations Building & Estate Infrastructure DevelopmentM/P&E - Ministry of Power & EnergyM/PA&HA - Ministry of Public Administration & Home AffairsM/PI - Ministry of Plantation IndustriesM/RI&SEP - Ministry of Rural Industries & Self Employment PromotionM/S& PA - Ministry of Samurdhi & Poverty AlleviationM/S&T - Ministry of Science & TechnologyM/Transport - Ministry of Transport
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M/Tourism - Ministry of TourismM/TMDC&CA - Ministry of Trade, Marketing Development, Cooperative & Consumer AffairsM/UD &SAD - Ministry of Urban Development & Sacred Area DevelopmentM/V&TT - Ministry of Vocational & Technical TrainingM/WS&D - Ministry of Water Supply & DrainageM/YA - Ministry of Youth AffairsMASL - Mahaweli Authority of Sri LankaMEPA - Marine Environment Protection AuthorityREAPM - Regional Economic Advancement Project MataleMRT - Mass Rapid TransitNAQDA - National Aquaculture Development AuthorityNACCC - National Advisory Committee for Climate Change NARRA - National Aquatic Resource and Research AgencyNBGD - National Botanical Garden DepartmentNBRO - National Building Research OrganizationNCE - National College of EducationNCPC - National Cleaner Production CentreNECCDP - North East Coastal Community Development ProjectNEHRP - North East Housing Reconstruction ProgrammeNEIAP-2 - North East Irrigated Agriculture project - 2NERDC - National Engineering Research & Development CenterNGOs - Non Government OrganizationsNIE - National Institute of Education NPD - National Planning DepartmentNPPD - National Physical Plan DepartmentNPSWM - National Policy on Solid Waste ManagementNRMC - Natural Resource Management CenterNWS&DB - National Water Supply & Drainage BoardNSF - National Science FoundationNYC - National Youth CouncilNZG - National Zoological GardenPAs - Protected AreasPCs - Provincials CouncilsPEP - PromotionofEco-efficientProductivityPGIAr - Post Graduate Institute of ArcheologyPGIA - Post Graduate Institute of AgriculturePS - Presidential SecretariatPvt. Sector - Private Sector
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RCD - Rubber Control DepartmentRDA - Road Development AuthorityREAP - Responsible Entrepreneurship Achievement Programme REDD - Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation REPSIP - Rehabilitation of Economic Physical & Social Infrastructure ProjectRRI - Rice Research InstituteSAARC - South Asian Association for Regional Corperation SD - Survey DepartmentSDR - Special Drawing RightsSEA - Sustainable Energy AuthoritySLCF - Sri Lanka Carbon Fund LimitedSLSA - Sri Lanka Samurdi AuthoritySLLR &DC - Sri Lanka Land Reclamation & Development CorporationSLR - Sri Lanka RailwaysSLTB - Sri Lanka Tourist BoardSMEs - Small and Medium Enterprises STC - State Timber CorporationSUDS - Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems TAARP-B - Tsunami-Affected Areas Rebuilding Project-BTAARP-E - Tsunami-Affected Areas Rebuilding Project-EToe - Ton of oil equivalent T&VEC - Technical and Vocational Education Centres TRINCAP - Technical Cooperation Project for Agricultural & Rural Development for
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Through Community Approach in Trincomalee District
UDA - Urban Development AuthorityUGC - University Grant CommissionULAs - Urban Local AuthoritiesUNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention for Climate Change UoP - University of PeradeniyaUoM - University of MoratuwaVC - Vidatha CentreWCP - Wastewater Charge ProgrammeWMA - Waste Management Authority
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iNtroDuctioN
In the present century, human society, here and elsewhere in the world, faces the daunting, but vital, task of forging a relationship with nature that would ensure sustainability in all its activities aimed at improving the quality of life. “Sustainability” implies meeting current human needs while preserving the environment and natural resources needed by future generations.
It is towards this end that Sri Lanka has developed the National Action Plan for the Haritha Lanka Programme. This plan is the product of the concerted effort of all relevant ministries who actively participated in its development. Making its preparation a high level participatory process was intended to ensure that sustainability would not just remain a concept but would translate into practical reality. The programme is captured in ten mission statements and the proposed strategies and actions that are setoutfocusonfulfillingthetengoalssetoutinthemissionstatements.
Achieving sustainability rests to a large extent on national efforts. We must, however, be mindful of thevitallyimportantplaceofglobalfactorsininfluencingoureffortsaimedatachievingsustainability.These are, notably, the looming crisis of climate change and the crippling effects of high dependence on fossil fuels, both of which would impact strongly on the three pillars of sustainability, namely, environmental conservation, economic stability and social equity. We should therefore strive to develop a cohesive programme for sustainable development. This has been the focus in developing the Action Plan.
This Action Plan has been developed in pursuance of a decision taken at a meeting convened by the Presidential Secretariat on 16th October 2008. In preparing the Plan, short-, medium-, and long-term solutions to meet current and emerging economic and environmental challenges were meticulously explored. A preliminary draft was initially developed by the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources taking intoconsideration thefive-yearnationalenvironmentalactionplanentitledCaring for Environment 2009 – 2013, and the National Strategy for Sustainable Development, both of which were developed through extensive deliberations with the relevant ministries and other related key stakeholder institutions. Using the draft prepared by the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources and incorporating the outcome of deliberations and conclusions reached during four meetings of secretaries of the relevantministries, the final draft of theActionPlan for theHarithaLankaProgrammewasprepared.
A National Council for Sustainable Development (NCSD) was established by the government under the Haritha Lanka Programme to function as a national platform to launch and promote the process of achieving sustainable development. The NCSD is chaired by H.E. the President. NCSD, while making policy integration, would oversee and guide the implementation of the Haritha Lanka Programme.
The ten broad missions/thrust areas covered by the programme are: Clean Air - Everywhere, Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems, Meeting the Challenges of Climate Change, Wise Use of the Coastal Belt and the Sea Around, Responsible Use of the Land Resources, Doing Away with the Dumps, Water for All and Always, Green Cities for Health and Prosperity, Greening the Industries, Knowledge for Right Choices. The programme includes short-, medium- and long- term targets spanning the period 2009 – 2016 and performance indicators.
The progress of implementation of this action plan will be monitored by the Ministry of Plan Implementation. The secretariat facilities for the NCSD will be provided by the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources.
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The earth’s atmosphere – the air we breathe – is indeed one of the planet’s key natural resources, on which the sustenance of every form of life depends. Many human activities in pursuit of what we broadly recognize as “development” discharge huge quantities of polluting substances into the atmosphere, and this trend has escalated in the current decades, despoiling this vital natural resource at an alarming rate.
Vehicular transport is the sub-sector that is most responsible for air pollution in Sri Lanka. Current trends show a sharp growth in the number of vehicles entering the road network of the country – buses, lorries, vans, cars, trishaws and motor cycles. Vehicle exhausts discharge noxious gases and particulate matter and it is well established that these substances, in the air we breathe, can lead to respiratory and cardiac diseases. Besides the pollution caused, pro rata, by the increased number of vehicles, we needtoconsidertheadditionalimpactoftrafficcongestion,whereexcessivequantitiesofpollutantsaredischarged by idling and slow moving vehicles.
The mission implicitly recognizes that the problem of air pollution takes different forms in different parts of the country and its ultimate aim is to ensure that clean air is present everywhere. Taking the transport sector, the areas most impacted by vehicular emissions are the cities. These areas are the home tonearlyathirdoftheisland’spopulationandthisfigureisexpectedtoriseto45percentby2015;hencethe need to address this problem by every means available. The proposed strategies and actions to deal with this problem cover a wide range falling within the categories of improving public transport and relatedinfrastructuresystems;usingcleanerfuels;andimposingstandardsformonitoringandvehicleemissions.
Industrialization and power generation have brought in a range of new dimensions in relation to the problem of air pollution. There has been rapid industrial growth in recent decades, bringing with it large increases in the volume of pollutants discharged into the atmosphere through stacks. In power generation, whereas two decades ago nearly all our power needs were met from hydro sources, now 40- 50 per cent is generated by burning fossil fuels which have the potential of discharging acidic substances to the atmosphere. Pollution from these sources has, for the most part, a localized impact but it needs to be addressed as it causes severe distress to the people resident in the surrounding areas. Strategies and actions for dealing with these problems have been set out.
In regarding the quality of the air we breathe, we tend to overlook the vast majority of people who live in the rural areas in the belief that they are exposed to clean air. Indoor pollution, however, from open hearth cooking is a serious health problem and this mostly affects women. Strategies and actions to address this problem are considered important and have been included.
miSSioN 1: cleaN air - everywHere
Preamble
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
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1. Develop environmentally viable transport and infrastructure systems.
2. Shift towards cleaner fuels.
3. Prepare and maintain emissions inventory.
4. Monitor emissions of power plants and high polluting industries.
5. Monitor & reduce vehicle emissions.
6. Establish a system for the surveillance of ambient air quality.
7. Manage indoor air pollution through technical and social interventions.
miSSioN 1: cleaN air - everywHere
StrategieS
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, SL
R, U
LAs,
M/T
rans
port
M/E
&N
R
Air M
AC, M
/E&N
RC
PC, I
OC
M/F
&P
....
7
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
3. 3.1
3.2
3.3
Avai
labi
lity
of a
ltern
ativ
e fu
els i
n th
e m
arke
t.
Avai
labi
lity
of lo
w su
lphe
r die
sel
in th
e m
arke
t.
Syst
em e
stab
lishe
d.
Regu
latio
ns in
pla
ce.
Emis
sion
s reg
ulat
ions
in p
lace
. Po
licy
inst
rum
ents
in p
lace
. A
ppro
pria
te te
chno
logi
es
adop
ted.
Dat
abas
e &
col
lect
ion
mec
hani
sm
esta
blis
hed.
(cur
rent
ly a
nnua
l fue
l co
nsum
ptio
n da
ta is
bei
ng
publ
ishe
d in
the
ener
gy b
alan
ce)
Aud
it m
echa
nism
est
ablis
hed
and
in u
se.
Dat
a an
alys
is sy
stem
dev
elop
ed
and
bein
g us
ed.
In p
rinci
ple
appr
oval
of
the
Cab
inet
Exis
ting
qual
ity o
ffu
els
Exis
ting
syst
em
Exis
ting
regu
latio
ns
Gre
enH
ouse
Gas
inve
ntor
y19
94
Avai
labl
eda
ta
Exis
ting
mec
hani
sm
Avai
labl
eda
ta
20%
20%
30%
75%
60%
10%
by
2015
100%
100%
Air
MA
C,
M/E
&N
R,
M/P
&E,
SEA
Air
MA
C,
M/E
&N
R, C
PC,
IOC
, M/P
&E
Air
MA
C ,
M/E
&N
R,C
PC, I
OC
M/F
&P
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R,
CEA
,SEA
,M
/P&
E, C
PC
M/E
&N
RC
EA, S
EA,
M/P
&E,
CPC
M/E
&N
R,
CEA
Intr
oduc
e al
tern
ativ
e fu
els t
o th
e m
arke
t inc
ludi
ng b
io-fu
els.
Impr
ove
the
qual
ity o
f fos
sil
fuel
s suc
h as
die
sel w
hich
are
al
read
y in
use
.D
evel
op a
syst
em to
test
qua
lity
of fu
el th
roug
h in
depe
nden
t verifi
cation.
Redu
ce ta
x on
hyb
rid v
ehic
les
and
clea
ner t
echn
olog
ies.
Prep
are
and
mai
ntai
n em
issi
ons
inve
ntor
y.
Act
ions
Stre
ngth
en a
nd e
xten
d da
ta
colle
ctio
n sy
stem
of C
EA a
nd
Sust
aina
ble
Ener
gy A
utho
rity
(SEA
) by
intr
oduc
ing
elec
tron
ic
tran
sfer
of f
uel c
onsu
mpt
ion
and
emis
sion
dat
a on
a
mon
thly
bas
is.
Esta
blish
an
audi
ting
mec
hani
sm
to v
alid
ate
accu
racy
of e
mis
sion
da
ta o
n a
rand
om b
asis
.
Sum
mar
ize
colle
cted
dat
a
quarterly
andfillanyidentifi
ed
gaps
.
3% b
y20
10
85%
40%
40%
100%
80%
100%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
8
........
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
3.4
3.5
3.6
4. 4.1
4.2
4.3
5.
Emis
sion
inve
ntor
y pr
epar
ed a
nd m
aint
aine
d.
Legi
slat
ion
on e
mis
sion
s in
plac
e.
Air
qual
ity m
odel
de
velo
ped.
Emis
sion
s sta
ndar
dses
tabl
ishe
d.
Dat
abas
e in
pla
ce.
Emis
sion
stan
dard
s es
tabl
ishe
d.
Mec
hani
sm in
pla
ce.
Vehi
cle
emis
sion
test
ing
certificatesissued
isla
ndw
ide.
Avai
labl
e
data
Avai
labl
ele
gisl
atio
n
Avai
labl
eda
ta
Exis
ting
data
200
8
Info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e
Info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e
Info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e
Gaz
ette
no.
12
95/1
1
30%
90%
100%
100%
100%
M/E
&N
R, C
EA
M/E
&N
R,
CEA
, SEA
,M
/P&
E
M/E
&N
R, C
EA
M/E
&N
R
CEA
CEA
M/P
&E
M/T
rans
port
Prep
arat
ion
and
mai
ntai
n em
issi
on in
vent
ory
usin
g ab
ove
data
.
Enac
t the
legi
slat
ion
to e
nabl
e CEA
andSEA
tofulfilltheir
oblig
atio
ns.
Com
mis
sion
a p
roje
ct
to id
entif
y a
suita
ble
air
qual
ity m
odel
for S
ri La
nka
inco
rpor
atin
g re
leva
nt
emis
sion
inve
ntor
y da
ta a
nd
met
eoro
logi
cal d
ata.
Mon
itor e
mis
sion
s of
pow
er
plan
t and
hig
h po
llutin
g in
dust
ries
.
Act
ions
Iden
tify
high
pol
lutin
g (H
P)
indu
strie
s.
Lega
lize
stac
k em
issi
on
stan
dard
s for
indu
strie
s.
Intr
oduc
e a
cont
inuo
us se
lf-m
onito
ring
mec
hani
sm fo
r po
wer
sect
or e
mis
sion
s.
Mon
itor &
Red
uce
vehi
cle
emis
sion
s.
85%
100%
85%
100%
90%
100%
....
9
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
Regu
latio
ns in
pla
ce.
Mon
itorin
g un
it w
ith
fa
cilit
ies a
nd st
aff
esta
blis
hed.
DSOfficesn
etworked.
Regu
latio
ns in
pla
ce.
MoU
s sig
ned.
Regu
latio
ns in
pla
ce.
Regu
latio
ns in
pla
ce.
Regu
latio
ns in
pla
ce.
Avai
labl
e re
gula
tions
Exis
ting
faci
litie
s of t
he
mon
itorin
g N
otav
aila
ble
Exis
ting
data
Avai
labl
esy
stem
Cur
rent
proc
edur
es
Avai
labl
esy
stem
Cur
rent
proc
edur
es
100%
100%
60%
70%
70%
60%
75%
100%
M/T
rans
port
, D
MT,
AirM
AC
, M
/E&
NR
M/T
rans
port
, D
MT
M/P
A&
HA
AirM
AC
, DM
T,
M/E
&N
R
M/T
rans
port
,D
MT
M/T
rans
port
,D
MT,
DC
M/F
&P
DM
T,
M/T
rans
port
, D
C
DM
T,
M/T
rans
port
, D
C
Act
ions
Upd
ate
appr
opria
tely
the
stip
ulat
ed v
ehic
le e
mis
sion
le
vels
.
Esta
blis
h th
e M
onito
ring
unit
of D
MT
to im
plem
ent c
ontr
ol/
test
ing
of v
ehic
le e
mis
sion
s.N
etw
ork
the
DS
Div
isio
ns in
or
der t
o fa
cilit
ate
info
rmat
ion
exch
ange
on
vehi
cle
emis
sion
s.
Exec
ute
the
chas
sis -
dy
nam
omet
er te
st to
issu
e em
issioncertifi
cates.
Ensu
re u
nder
stan
ding
by
the
auth
oriti
es in
the
coun
try
of
expo
rt o
f inf
orm
atio
n re
quire
d fo
r im
port
atio
n of
use
d ve
hicl
es
to S
ri La
nka.
Ban
impo
rtat
ion
of u
sed
heav
y ve
hicl
es o
ver t
wo
and
a ha
lf ye
ars o
ld a
nd li
ght v
ehic
les
over
two
year
s old
.
Enfo
rce
a re
quire
men
t to
obta
in
acertificatefrom
theprincipal
man
ufac
ture
r on
the
date
of
man
ufac
ture
of v
ehic
les.
Intr
oduc
e th
e re
quire
men
t of a
fuelefficiencycertifi
catefrom
th
e co
untr
y of
orig
in fo
r use
d ve
hicl
es b
efor
e sh
ipm
ent a
nd
prio
r to
regi
stra
tion.
30%
100%
100%
100%
100%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
10
........
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
6. 6.1
6.2
7. 7.1
7.2
7.3
Syst
em fo
r dat
a an
alys
is an
d
inst
itutio
nal m
echa
nism
fo
r mon
itorin
g in
pla
ce.
Mon
itorin
g st
atio
ns
av
aila
ble
in m
ajor
citi
es.
Mon
itorin
g eq
uipm
ent
avai
labl
e.
Num
ber o
f int
erve
ntio
ns
adop
ted
and
prac
ticed
.
Dat
abas
e co
mpi
led.
Act
ion
Plan
app
rove
d.
Incr
ease
in p
urch
ase
of
such
stov
es/c
ooke
rs.
Exis
ting
data
200
8
2 pr
ovin
cial
stat
ions
avai
labl
e
Avai
labl
eeq
uipm
ent
Dat
a ta
ken
from
the
pilo
t pro
ject
Dat
a ta
ken
from
the
pilo
t pro
ject
Dat
a ta
ken
from
the
pilo
t pro
ject
Avai
labl
eda
ta
70%
30%
30%
20%
10%
65%
10%
M/E
&N
R
CEA
, M
/E&
NR
CEA
, M
/E&
NR
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R,
AirM
AC
,N
BRO
,CEA
M/E
&N
R ,
AirM
AC
,N
BRO
,CEA
,M
/H&
N
M/E
&N
R ,
AirM
AC
,N
GO
s, N
ERD
Esta
blis
h a
syst
em fo
r the
su
rvei
llanc
e of
am
bien
t air
qu
ality
.
Act
ions
Des
ign
and
impl
emen
t an
isla
nd w
ide
ambi
ent a
ir qu
ality
m
onito
ring
prog
ram
me
to
cove
r all
maj
or c
ities
.
Acq
uire
equi
pmen
t/m
ontit
orin
gst
atio
ns fo
r key
loca
tions
.
Man
age
indo
or a
ir p
ollu
tion
thro
ugh
tech
nica
l and
soc
ial
inte
rven
tions
.
Act
ions
Com
pile
dat
abas
e on
indo
or a
ir po
llutio
n.
Dev
elop
a N
atio
nal A
ctio
n Pl
an
incl
udin
g pr
ojec
ts.
Faci
litat
e ch
ange
to u
se o
f saf
e andefficientcookingstoves
by p
eopl
e, p
refe
rabl
y us
ing
biog
as.
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
40%
....
11
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
....
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
12
....
....
13
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 2: Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems
....
For a small country, Sri Lanka is endowed with an exceptionally rich and diverse array of fauna, floraandecosystems.Fromtimeimmemorialthisrichbiodiversityhasservedthepeopleasasourceof food, fuel, medicines and a range of raw materials needed for their livelihood. They used these renewable resources without depleting them. In other words they practised sustainable living centuries before the term “sustainability” was introduced in today’s context of balancing economic development with environmental protection.
Timeshavechanged,andtodaySriLankaisidentifiedasoneoftheworld’sbiodiversityhotspotsi.e. an area which is rich in biodiversity but where the biodiversity is subject to high levels of threat. The natural forests of the country which are the home to the large majority of indigenous animal and plant species were cleared at a rapid rate during the colonial period for raising plantations of tea and rubber. In more recent times forests have been cleared for agriculture and to accommodate a rapidly expanding population. A good part of this clearing has been due to encroachment on state forest land. Estimates made in 1999 indicated that the island’s forest cover was diminishing at the rate of approximately 30,000 hectares annually. Also subject to dwindling areas are the wetlands – the habitats of numerous aquatic species of plants and animals, including a rich diversity of birds. In and around urban areas the loss of wetlandsisduetolandfill.
Many of Sri Lanka’s unique assemblage of species are endemic to the country i.e. they are found nowhere else in the world. Loss of habitat has led to a threat to their survival and the end result of this trend is extinction. The amphibians whose typical habitat is the inter-phase between land and water are extremely sensitive to environmental change. Some 21 species of amphibians that had been recorded earlier are considered to have gone extinct and of the 106 endemic species now present 52 are considered to be under threat. Many species of plants and animals show point endemism, being found in only a singlelocation;thissharplyincreasestheirvulnerability.
A good part of Sri Lanka’s biodiversity also resides in non-forest areas and croplands. Sri Lanka has been referred to as a “gold mine” in reference to the large number and diversity of rice varieties found in the country. The traditional village home gardens including typical Kandian home gardens are a veritable cornucopia of plant species used for food and medicines. Current trends place these valuable genetic resources under threat.
Sri Lanka’s biodiversity, apart from its intrinsic value as our priceless natural heritage, is important as a storehouse of genes that could be used for improving the quality of cultivated plants and may provide pharmaceuticals of immeasurable value in treating human diseases.
A wide range of strategies and corresponding actions have been set out to strengthen the conservation measures now in place, and to introduce new measures where gaps exist, for conserving plant and animal species in forest,wildlifeandwetlandecosystems; in croplands; and inex situ conservationcentres.
miSSioN 2: SaviNg tHe FauNa, Flora aND
ecoSyStemS
Preamble
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 2: Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems
14
....
1. Strengthen policy, legal and institutional framework for biodiversity conservation, including information sharing & networking aspects.
2. Establish optimum Protected Area network and ensure recovery of important threatened species.
3. Conserveandsustainableusefloraandfaunaoutsidetheprotectedareanetwork.
4. Establish biodiversity conservation financing mechanisms through biodiversity valuation andeconomics of conservation.
5. Wise use of genetic resources for agriculture in sustainable manner.
6. Limit access to genetic resources.
7. Preserve traditional knowledge and practices relevant to biodiversity conservation.
8. Integrate and promote research and development on bio-diversity conservation in all sectors.
9. Facilitatesustainableuseofbiodiversitythroughbenefitsharingmechanisms.
10. Integrate agenda on biodiversity into education and agendas of other related sectors.
miSSioN 2: SaviNg tHe FauNa, Flora aND
ecoSyStemS
StrategieS
15
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 2: Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
1. 1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Kno
wle
dge
and
rese
arch
netw
orks
and
cle
arin
g ho
use
mec
hani
sm.
Qua
ntity
and
qua
lity
of
info
rmat
ion
gene
rate
d.
Polic
y in
pla
ce.
Info
rmat
ion
man
agem
ent
netw
ork
esta
blis
hed.
Rule
s and
gui
delin
es in
pl
ace.
Legi
slat
ion
in p
lace
.
Avai
labl
e in
form
atio
n up
to 2
008
Dra
ft po
licy
No
Net
wor
k Av
aila
ble
Nat
iona
lZo
olog
ical
gard
en A
ct.
Nat
iona
lBo
tani
cal
Gar
den
Act
.
Avai
labl
eda
ta
50%
100%
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R,
DW
LC, D
FC
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R,
DW
LC,
DoA
,M
/AD
&A
S,N
BGD
, NZG
M/A
D&
AS,
DoA
,M
/E&
NR,
D
oAP&
H
Stre
ngth
en p
olic
y, le
gal a
nd
inst
itutio
nal f
ram
ewor
k fo
r bi
odiv
ersi
ty c
onse
rvat
ion,
incl
udin
g in
form
atio
n sh
arin
g &
net
wor
king
asp
ects
.
Act
ions
Form
ulat
e na
tiona
l pol
icy
on
biod
iver
sity
con
serv
atio
n,
incl
udin
g in
form
atio
n sh
arin
g an
d ne
twor
king
asp
ects
.
Esta
blis
h &
inst
itutio
naliz
e bi
o-di
vers
ity in
form
atio
n
m
anag
emen
t net
wor
k.D
evel
op ru
les a
nd g
uide
lines
fo
r sta
rting
and
ope
ratin
g ex
situ
cons
erva
tion
cent
ers i
nclu
ding
th
e ac
quis
ition
of s
peci
men
s for
br
eedi
ng a
nd th
e re-
intro
duct
ion
of c
aptiv
e-br
ed sp
ecim
ens.
Stre
ngth
en th
e pro
tect
ion
of
indi
geno
us cr
op an
d do
mes
ticat
edan
imal
gen
etic
reso
urce
s and
fa
rmer
s rig
hts t
hrou
gh a
ppro
-p
riate
legi
slativ
e mec
hani
sm.
100%
100%
100%
100%
miS
Sio
N 2
: S
aviN
g t
He F
au
Na
, Flo
ra
aN
D e
co
SySt
emS
ac
tio
NS
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 2: Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems
16
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
2. 2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
Exte
nt o
f PA
s, in
crea
sed.
Num
ber o
f rep
rese
ntat
ive
ec
osys
tem
s.N
umbe
r of r
ecov
ery
plan
s in
pla
ce.
Num
ber o
f new
hot
spot
s identifi
ed.
Exte
nt o
f pro
tect
ed a
rea
netw
ork.
Num
ber o
f rep
rese
ntat
ive
ecos
yste
ms i
n PA
Net
wor
k.
Num
ber o
f cor
ridor
s.Ex
tent
s of p
rote
cted
are
as.
Num
ber o
f rec
over
y pl
ans p
repa
red
and
bein
g im
plem
ente
d.D
ecre
asin
g nu
mbe
r of
thre
aten
ed sp
ecie
s.
Furt
her e
ncro
achm
ent
prev
ente
d by
202
0.
28%
of a
rea
cove
red
2 0 25 5% o
f are
a
2 No
avai
labl
e da
ta
No
avai
labl
e da
ta
32
10%
of
area 10 10 5%
ME&
NR
DW
LC, D
FC,
M/E
&N
R,
CEA
DW
LC,
DFC
, M
/E&
NR,
DoA
,M
/AD
&A
S
DW
LC, D
FC,
M/E
&N
R,
DoA
,M
/AD
&A
S,N
SF, N
BGD
DFC
, DW
LC,
M/E
&N
R
Esta
blis
h op
timum
Pro
tect
ed
Are
a (P
A) n
etw
ork
and
ensu
re re
cove
ry o
f im
port
ant
thre
aten
ed s
peci
es.
Act
ions
Iden
tify
criti
cally
impo
rtan
t bi
odiv
ersi
ty h
otsp
ots i
n th
e co
untr
y ou
tsid
e ex
istin
g pr
otec
ted
area
s and
dec
lare
th
ese
unde
r a re
leva
nt c
ateg
ory
and
deve
lop
repr
esen
tativ
e Pr
otec
ted
Are
a (P
A) N
etw
ork.
Stud
y th
e st
atus
/tre
nds i
n w
ildlif
e ar
eas,
iden
tify
need
fo
r wild
life
corr
idor
s, lin
kage
s as
an
optio
n fo
r spe
cies
co
nser
vatio
n.
Prep
are
and
impl
emen
t rec
over
ypl
ans f
or th
reat
ened
spec
ies
that
nee
d sp
ecia
l con
serv
atio
n ac
tions
.
Take
effe
ctiv
e ac
tion
to re
loca
te
encr
oach
ers w
here
ever
poss
ible
and
pre
vent
furt
her
encr
oach
men
t of n
atur
al fo
rest
s.
32%
of
cove
rage
10 5 2%
10 2%
17
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 2: Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
Num
ber o
f reg
iste
red
dom
estic
ated
ele
phan
ts.
Num
ber o
f reg
iste
red
tusk
ers.
Incr
ease
in le
ngth
of
elec
tric
fenc
ing
in p
lace
. Othermeasuresidentified
and
impl
emen
ted.
Dec
reas
e in
no.
of e
leph
ant
deat
hs a
nd h
uman
dea
ths.
Are
a of
impr
ovem
ent o
f gr
assl
and
habi
tats
. N
umbe
r of r
ehab
ilita
tion
&
cons
truct
ion
of w
ater
bod
ies.
Are
a of
con
trol
of i
nvas
ive
spec
ies,
leng
th o
f bou
ndar
y de
mar
catio
n.
N
umbe
r of b
ound
ary
post
s. Num
beroffireprotection
belts
.
Follo
w u
p on
Wet
land
C
onse
rvat
ion
Proj
ect.
Esta
blis
hmen
t of r
elev
ant
man
agem
ent c
omm
ittee
s/w
orki
ng g
roup
s and
act
ion
unde
rway
.C
over
age
of c
onse
rvat
ion
of w
etla
nds.
90%
Exis
ting
data
avai
labl
e
5% 50%
Exis
ting
cons
erva
tion
plan
s
95%
20%
15%
100%
100%
100%
100%
DW
LC,
M/E
&N
R
DW
LC,
M
/E&
NR,
M/D
M&
HR,
DM
C, S
LSA
,M
/NB&
EID
DW
LC,
M/E
&N
R,
DFC
, CEA
CEA
,SL
LR&
DC
,D
is.S
ecs,
Div
. Sec
s,D
WLC
, DFC
,M
/E&
NR
Det
erm
ine
popu
latio
n of
do
mes
ticat
ed e
leph
ants
and
tu
sker
s.
Det
erm
ine
best
pra
ctic
es to
m
itiga
te a
nim
al -
hum
an
conflictsandim
plem
entthem.
1. E
leph
ant -
Hum
an2.
Cro
codi
le -
Hum
an
Impr
ove
man
agem
ent o
f Pr
otec
ted
Are
as b
y ha
bita
t en
richm
ent,
boun
dary
demarcationandfire
man
agem
ent.
Con
tinue
wet
land
co
nser
vatio
n pl
ans i
nclu
ding
im
plem
enta
tion
of W
etla
nd
Man
agem
ent P
lans
.
100%
50%
40%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 2: Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems
18
....
3. 3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
Ade
quat
e no
. of e
xsitu
co
nser
vatio
n te
chni
ques
fa
ciliti
es in
plac
e and
pra
ctice
d.
Nec
essa
ry a
sses
smen
ts
co
mpl
eted
and
rest
orat
ion
& re
intr
oduc
tion
prog
ram
mes
und
erw
ay.
Bota
nic
gard
ens i
n al
l bi
oclim
atic
regi
ons.
Increasedno.offieldgene
bank
s.
Incr
ease
d nu
mbe
r of
exsi
tu fa
cilit
ies.
At l
east
one b
iodi
vers
ity p
ark
in e
ach
maj
or u
rban
are
a.
Aw
aren
ess p
rogr
amm
es
carr
ied
out.
Incr
ease
d ex
tent
of
affo
rest
ed, r
efor
este
d an
d re
habi
litat
ed a
reas
.
Not
av
aila
ble
Ass
essm
ents
2%
Prog
ram
me 1
%
2 1 5 Num
ber o
f ar
eas t
obe
cov
ered
20%
10%
100%
50%
50% 10 3 20 100%
M/E
&N
R
DW
LC,
DFC
,M
/E&
NR,
NBG
D
NBG
D,
M/E
&N
R,M
/AD
&A
S,D
oA
NZG
, M
/E&
NR
M/E
&N
R,
UD
A,
NBG
D, N
ZG
DW
LC, D
FC,
STC
, M/E
&N
R,
M/N
B&EI
D
Con
serv
e an
d su
stai
nabl
e us
e flo
ra a
nd fa
una
outs
ide
the
prot
ecte
d ar
ea n
etw
ork.
Act
ions
Iden
tify
spec
ies r
equi
ring
exsit
u co
nser
vatio
n m
easu
res,
asse
ss
and
rest
ore
thei
r hab
itats
and
pr
ovid
e fo
r the
ir re
intr
oduc
tion.
Esta
blis
h m
ore
bota
nic
gard
ens
andfieldgenebanksan
dmandate
them
to u
nder
take
exs
itu
cons
erva
tion
of b
iodi
vers
ity in
al
l bio
clim
atic
regi
ons o
f Sri
Lank
a.
Dev
elop
cap
acity
of N
atio
nal
Zool
ogic
al G
arde
ns to
eng
age
in e
x-si
tu c
onse
rvat
ion
prog
ram
mes
and
serv
e as
a
regu
lato
r for
zoo
logi
cal s
peci
es
exsi
tu c
ente
rs in
gen
eral
.
Expa
nd th
e pro
gram
me o
f set
ting
up u
rban
bio
dive
rsity
par
ks
and
deve
lop
rele
vant
edu
catio
n an
d aw
aren
ess p
rogr
amm
es.
Expa
nd p
rogr
amm
es fo
r
affo
rest
atio
n, re
fore
stat
ion
and
fore
st re
habi
litat
ion,
usi
ng
indi
geno
us sp
ecie
s as f
ar a
s po
ssib
le.
40%
40%
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
19
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 2: Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems
....
3.6
3.7
3.8
4. 4.1
4.2
4.3
Num
ber o
f cen
ters
es
tabl
ishe
d.
Num
ber o
f con
serv
ed
polli
nato
rs.
Num
ber o
f soi
l m
icro
orga
nism
co
mm
uniti
es im
prov
ed.
Ade
quat
e no
. of t
hrea
tene
d pl
ant g
arde
ns, i
nclu
ding
all
criti
cally
end
ange
red
plan
t sp
ecie
s.
Con
trib
utio
n to
the
GD
P.
Num
ber o
f inn
ovat
ive
financingmechanism
sde
velo
ped.
Num
ber o
f bio
-pro
spec
ting
prog
ram
s.Pe
rcen
tage
GD
P in
crea
se
from
nat
ural
pro
duct
s.
Num
ber o
f inc
entiv
e sc
hem
es re
mov
ed &
ec
onom
ic in
stru
men
ts
intr
oduc
ed.
No
avai
labl
eda
ta
Not
avai
labl
e
1 Not
avai
labl
e
Exis
ting
MBI
s
Not
avai
labl
e
Exis
ting
MBI
s
1 m
echa
nism
20%
1 1 8 10%
40%
5% 100%
M/E
&N
R
DoA
,M
/AD
&A
S,N
BGD
,M
/E&
NR,
UoP
DFC
, STC
,M
/E&
NR,
NBG
D, D
oA,
M/A
D&
AS
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R,
DW
LC,D
FC
M/E
&N
R,
DFC
, ED
B,
M/E
D&
IT,
Ayu
. Ins
M/E
&N
R,
M/F
&P,
N
PD
Esta
blis
h do
mes
ticat
ed a
nim
al
gene
tic re
sour
ce c
ente
rs.
Con
serv
e po
llina
tors
and
thei
r ha
bita
ts.
Impr
ove
the
soil
mic
roor
gani
sm
com
mun
ities
for S
usta
inab
le
agric
ultu
re p
rodu
ctiv
ity.
Esta
blis
h th
reat
ened
pla
nt
gard
ens,
espe
cial
ly fo
r crit
ical
ly
enda
nger
ed p
lant
spec
ies.
Esta
blis
h bi
odiv
ersi
ty co
nser
v -a
tion
finan
cing
mec
hani
sms
thro
ugh
biod
iver
sity
val
uatio
n an
d ec
onom
ics o
f con
serv
atio
n.
Act
ions
Developinnovativefinancing
mec
hani
sms t
o ge
nera
te
sustainableself-financingfor
biod
iver
sity
con
serv
atio
n.
Dev
elop
and
impl
emen
t bio
-pr
ospe
ctin
g pr
ogra
mm
es w
ith
rele
vant
inst
itutio
ns e
stab
lishe
d an
d st
rong
inst
itutio
nal s
uppo
rt.
Iden
tify
and
intr
oduc
e ap
prop
riate
eco
nom
ic
inst
rum
ents
and
rem
ove
the
prev
ious
ince
ntiv
es fo
r bi
odiv
ersi
ty c
onse
rvat
ion.
5 3 al
tern
ativ
e m
echa
nism
s
50%
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 2: Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems
20
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
4.4
4.5
5. 5.1
5.2
5.3
6. 6.1
Dat
a Ba
se m
aint
aine
d an
d bi
odiv
ersit
y co
ntrib
utio
n to
GD
P quantifi
ed.
Cove
rage
.
Num
berofindustriesidentifi
ed.
Num
ber o
f ind
ustri
es su
ppor
ted.
Incr
ease
num
ber o
f for
eign
ers.
Cove
rage
.
Gen
etic
reso
urce
s con
serv
ed a
nd
utili
zed.
New
nic
he fr
om a
gro
bio-
dive
rsity
.Co
vera
ge.
Num
berofcropspeciesidentified
and
reco
rded
.
Num
ber o
f cro
ps a
nd re
lativ
es
map
ped
gene
tical
ly.
Inde
x of
div
ersit
y of
par
ent m
ater
ial.
Requ
ired
regu
lato
ry m
echa
nism
s in
plac
e an
d im
plem
ente
d.
Avai
labi
lity
of re
gula
tions
, gu
idel
ines
and
mec
hani
sms.
Not
avai
labl
e
Exist
ing
Indu
strie
s
10%
2%
Not
avai
labl
e
0.5%
Exist
ing
mec
hani
sm
Not
avai
labl
e
5% 2 pr
ovin
ces
15%
5%
Avai
labl
e se
t of d
raft
40% 8
prov
ince
s
25%
30%
5% 5% Set o
fre
gula
tion
Set o
fre
gula
tion
M/E
&N
R,
M/F
&P,
N
PD
M/R
I&SE
P,D
oA,
M/A
D&
AS,
M
/TM
DC&
CA,
M/N
B&EI
D
M/A
D&
AS
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S,M
/E&
NR
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
SD
oA,
M/A
D&
AS
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R,
DoA
,M
/AD
&A
S
Dev
elop
and
mai
ntai
n da
taba
se
on v
alue
of b
iodi
vers
ity,
unde
rtake
val
uatio
n st
udie
s an
d qu
antif
y th
e bi
odiv
ersit
y co
ntrib
utio
n to
GD
P.
Inve
stig
ate
eco-
frie
ndly
inco
me
gene
ratin
g co
ttage
indu
strie
s an
d ag
ro-in
dust
ries,
and
de
velo
p th
eir t
rans
port
and
mar
ketin
g sy
stem
s.
Wis
e us
e of
gen
etic
reso
urce
s fo
r agr
icul
ture
in su
stai
nabl
e m
anne
r.
Act
ions
Id
entif
y an
d co
nser
ve
unde
rutil
ized
food
crop
s and
w
ild re
lativ
es o
f cro
ps.
Carr
y ou
t gen
ome
map
ping
of
food
crop
s and
their
wild
rela
tives
.
Incr
ease
gen
etic
div
ersit
y of
im
prov
ed cr
op v
arie
ties.
Lim
it ac
cess
to g
enet
ic re
sour
ces.
Act
ions
Dev
elop
regu
latio
ns,
pr
oced
ures
, and
gui
delin
es &
benefitsh
aringmechanism
s
for a
cces
s to
gene
tic re
sour
ces.
10% 6
prov
ince
s
20%
10%
2% 2%
21
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 2: Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
Targ
ets
6.2
7. 7.1
7.2
8. 8.1
All
nece
ssar
y
co
nsul
tativ
e m
eetin
gs
com
plet
ed.
Met
hods
impl
emen
ted
an
d pr
actic
ed.
Trad
ition
ally
impo
rtan
t ec
olog
ical
site
s &
asso
ciat
ed k
now
ledg
e pr
otec
ted.
Met
hods
use
d.
Num
ber o
f pra
ctic
es
mob
ilize
d.C
over
age.
Num
ber o
f res
earc
h findingsappliedin
cons
erva
tion.
Regu
latio
ns in
pla
ce.
Avai
labl
ein
form
atio
n
Exis
ting
prac
tices
Exis
ting
prac
tices
Exis
ting
prac
tices
Avai
labl
eRe
sear
chre
port
s
Exis
ting
regu
latio
ns
100%
20%
cove
rage
Site
sidentifi
ed
10%
Rese
arch
initi
ated
in
key
sect
ors
Dra
ft re
gula
tions
100%
cove
rage
Pres
erva
tion
m
etho
ds
impl
emen
ted
100%
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R,
PGIA
r, M
/AD
&A
S,U
nive
rsiti
es,
M/N
B&EI
D
M/E
&N
R,
PGIA
r,M
/CA
M/E
&N
R
DW
LC, M
ASL
,M
/I&
WM
,D
FC, D
oA,
M/A
D&
AS,
M
/E&
NR
Dev
elop
and
impl
emen
t a
cons
ulta
tive
proc
ess i
nclu
ding
pu
blic
con
sulta
tion,
on
regu
lato
ry m
echa
nism
s for
ac
cess
to g
enet
ic re
sour
ces.
Pres
erve
trad
ition
al
know
ledg
e an
d pr
actic
es
rele
vant
to b
iodi
vers
ity
cons
erva
tion.
Act
ions
Iden
tify
and
pres
erve
trad
ition
ally
impo
rtan
t ec
olog
ical
site
s, in
dige
nous
pe
ople
and
ass
ocia
ted
know
ledg
e.
Mob
ilize
and
dev
elop
cul
tura
l pr
actic
es a
nd tr
aditi
onal
w
isdo
m re
late
d to
bio
dive
rsity
.
Inte
grat
e an
d pr
omot
e re
sear
ch a
nd d
evel
opm
ent o
n bi
o-di
vers
ity c
onse
rvat
ion
in
all s
ecto
rs.
Act
ions
Regu
late
har
vest
ing
of n
ativ
e fr
eshw
ater
org
anis
ms.
60%
cove
rage
50%
Rese
arch
re
port
s
Gaz
ette
avai
labl
e
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 2: Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems
22
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
Redu
ctio
n in
are
as o
f sp
read
of i
nvas
ive
alie
n sp
ecie
s.
All
prog
ram
mes
initi
ated
.
Incr
ease
d re
sear
ch in
this
field.
Taxo
nom
ic re
visi
on
unde
rway
.
Stat
us &
cap
acity
of
bio-
depo
sito
ries u
pgra
ded
as n
eces
sary
.
Incr
ease
d re
sear
ch in
this
field.
Met
hods
to p
rom
ote r
esea
rch.
Res
earc
h re
port
s.
Rese
arch
initi
ated
.
Exis
ting
area
s to
beco
vere
d(2
008)
Are
as to
be
identifi
ed
Rese
arch
area
s to
beco
vere
d
Not
avai
labl
e
Not
avai
labl
e
Exist
ing
repo
rtsan
d ga
ps
Are
as to
be
cove
red
20%
5% 1% 1%
Repo
rt o
nm
etho
do-lo
gy
5 In
itiat
ives
Cov
erag
eof
key
area
s 10%
60%
2% 5% 100%
cove
rage
DW
LC, M
ASL
,D
oA,
M/A
D&
AS,
M/E
&N
R
DW
LC,
DFC
,M
/L&
LD
DW
LC,
M/E
&N
R,D
OA
, M
/AD
&A
S
M/E
&N
R,
Uni
vers
ities
,D
OA
,M
/AD
&A
S
M/E
&N
R,
Uni
vers
ities
DW
LC,
Uni
vers
ities
M/E
&N
R,
Uni
vers
ities
DO
A,
M/A
D&
AS
Ensu
re m
anag
emen
t and
co
ntro
l of i
nvas
ive
alie
n sp
ecie
s.
Initi
ate
prog
ram
mes
to id
entif
y an
d re
habi
litat
e de
grad
ed
criti
cal h
abita
ts.
Prom
ote
rese
arch
on
inva
sive
al
ien
spec
ies,
with
par
ticul
ar
focu
s on
docu
men
ting
thei
r impactsanddeterminingefficient
met
hods
for t
heir
man
agem
ent.
Initi
ate
natio
nal l
evel
ta
xono
mic
revi
sion
of p
lant
an
d an
imal
spec
ies t
hrou
gh
colla
bora
tive
rese
arch
with
fo
reig
n in
stitu
tions
and
exp
erts
an
d U
pgra
de th
e st
atus
and
ca
paci
ty o
f bio
-dep
osito
ries t
o fa
cilit
ate
rese
arch
on
taxo
nom
y.
Prom
ote
inte
rdis
cipl
inar
y re
sear
ch th
at fo
cuse
s on
plan
t-an
imal
inte
ract
ion.
Con
duct
ing
rese
arch
abo
ut
Wild
life.
Initi
ate
rese
arch
and
m
onito
ring
prog
ram
mes
on
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge a
nd
natu
ral h
azar
ds o
n bi
odiv
ersi
ty.
100%
40%
1% 2%
Rese
arch
re
port
s
5 re
sear
ch
repo
rts
60%
cove
rage
23
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 2: Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems
....
Base
line
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t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
8.9
8.10
9. 9.1
9.2
Rese
arch
initi
ated
.
Red
List
pre
pare
d.
Are
a co
vere
d.
Agr
eed
and
acce
pted
benefitsharingmechanism
sin
pla
ce a
nd p
ract
iced
.C
over
age.
Dat
abas
e av
aila
ble,
in
clud
ing
info
rmat
ion
on in
com
e fr
om e
x-si
tu
cons
erva
tion.
Num
ber o
f ass
essm
ent
stud
ies.
Not
avai
labl
e
Exis
ting
list
Exis
ting
mec
hani
sman
d ga
ps
2%
Not
avai
labl
e
10%
10%
2%
Fina
lized
proj
ect
prop
osal
s
100%
10%
Ass
essm
ent
repo
rts
M/E
&N
R,
Uni
vers
ities
M/E
&N
R,
IUC
N, D
OA
,M
/AD
&A
S
M/E
&N
R
DW
LC,
M/E
& N
R,D
FC,
M/T
MD
C&
CA
, D
OA
, M
/AD
&A
S
DW
LC,
M/E
& N
R,
DFC
, DoA
,M
/AD
&A
S,M
/RI&
SEP
Initi
ate
isla
nd w
ide
surv
ey
of b
iodi
vers
ity in
man
aged
la
ndsc
apes
, inc
ludi
ng h
ome
gard
ens,
urba
n ar
eas a
nd
agric
ultu
ral s
yste
ms.
Ass
ess t
he c
onse
rvat
ion
stat
us
of a
ll ta
xono
my
in S
ri La
nka
and
prep
are
com
plet
e Re
d Li
st o
f Thr
eate
ned
Faun
a
an
d Fl
ora
of S
ri La
nka.
Faci
litat
e su
stai
nabl
e us
e of
bi
odiv
ersi
ty th
roug
h be
nefit
sh
arin
g m
echa
nism
s.
Act
ions
Dev
elop
a d
atab
ase
on
harv
estin
g le
vels
and
exs
itu
culti
vatio
n of
med
icin
al
plan
ts, a
quat
ic o
rnam
enta
ls
and
othe
r hor
ticul
tura
l
spec
ies.
Ass
ess v
iabi
lity
of p
rodu
ctio
n fr
om p
rinci
pal w
ild
food
pla
nts,
iden
tifyi
ng
dist
ribut
ion,
soci
o-ec
onom
ic
impa
cts,
harv
estin
g le
vels
and
sust
aina
bilit
y is
sues
.
100%
60%
60%
5%
Ass
essm
ent
repo
rts
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 2: Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems
24
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
Ince
ntiv
e sc
hem
es b
eing
im
plem
ente
d in
all
rele
vant
ar
eas,
Cou
rt c
ases
on
illeg
al
firew
oodcollection.
At l
east
one
cas
e st
udy
for
ever
y pr
otec
ted
area
.
Cov
erag
e.
Incr
ease
d ra
te o
f con
vers
ion
efficiency.
Intr
oduc
tion
of n
ew
tech
nolo
gy.
% a
pplic
atio
ns o
f zer
o w
aste
co
ncep
t.
Build
ings
, roa
ds a
nd w
ater
bo
dies
reha
bilit
ated
whe
re
nece
ssar
y.C
omm
unic
atio
n eq
uipm
ent
needssatisfied.
Ann
ual i
ncom
e thr
ough
tour
ism.
Num
ber o
f for
eign
vis
itors
.N
umbe
r of l
ocal
vis
itors
.N
umbe
r of v
isito
r cen
ters
.N
umbe
r of c
amp
site
s.Ec
olog
ical
con
serv
atio
n.m
easu
res t
aken
.
Exis
ting
sche
mes
Prot
ecte
dar
eas t
o be
cove
red
Not
avai
labl
e
Prot
ecte
dar
eas t
o be
deve
lope
d
Dat
a 20
08
Ince
ntiv
e sc
hem
es
20%
100%
avai
labl
e
10%
incr
ease
with
ec
olog
ical
cons
erva
tion
100%
30%
incr
ease
with
ec
olog
ical
cons
erva
tion
DW
LC, D
FC,
M/E
&N
R
DW
LC, F
DC
,C
EA,
M/E
&N
R
STC
, DFC
,C
EA,
M/E
&N
R,D
oAP&
H,
Ayu
. Ins
M/U
D&
SAD
,D
WLC
, M
/E&
NR
M/T
ouri
sm,
DW
LC,
M/N
B&EI
D,
DFC
, M
/E&
NR
Plan
and
impl
emen
t a m
echa
-n
ism
to p
rovi
de in
cent
ives
for
esta
blis
hmen
t of c
omm
unity
w
oodl
ots n
ear a
reas
of h
igh
bio-
dive
rsity
and
min
imiz
e ext
ract
ion
offirewoodfrom
suchareas.
Mon
itor p
rote
cted
are
as
cont
inuo
usly
to e
nsur
e th
at
uses
are
sust
aina
ble,
esp
ecia
lly
pollu
tion
and
dist
urba
nce
caus
ed b
y ve
hicl
es a
nd ex
cess
ive
visi
tors
in fr
agile
eco
syst
ems.
Improvetheefficiencyof
conv
ersi
on o
f raw
mat
eria
ls to
finalprodu
ctso
fallbiological
natu
ral p
rodu
cts i
nclu
ding
tim
ber,
med
icin
al p
lant
s an
d ot
her n
on-ti
mbe
r for
est
prod
ucts
.
Dev
elop
the
infr
astr
uctu
re in
th
e pr
otec
ted
area
s.
Prom
ote
Eco-
Tou
rism
.
Ince
ntiv
e sc
hem
es
100%
20%
incr
ease
with
ec
olog
ical
cons
erva
tion
25
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 2: Saving the Fauna, Flora and Ecosystems
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
9.8
10.
10.1
10.2
Num
ber o
f Pro
gram
mes
de
velo
ped.
Num
ber o
f mic
ro p
lann
ing
impl
emen
ted.
Biod
iver
sity
con
serv
atio
n as
pect
s are
inco
rpor
ated
in
cur
ricul
a at
all
stag
es o
f st
udy.
Mec
hani
sm e
stab
lishe
d.M
onito
ring
repo
rts.
Cov
erag
e.
Man
uals
, bro
chur
es a
nd
book
lets
ava
ilabl
e in
scho
ol
libra
ries &
boo
ksho
ps.
Cov
erag
e.
Exis
ting
data
Exis
ting
cove
rage
and
gaps
Exis
ting
linka
ges
Avai
labl
eda
ta
Prog
ram
mes
10%
20%
20%
Prog
ram
mes
DW
LC,
M/E
&N
R,
M/N
B&EI
D
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R,
M/E
M/E
&N
R,
M/E
Impr
ove
livel
ihoo
d of
su
rrou
ndin
g co
mm
uniti
es
ther
eby
redu
cing
dep
ende
ncy
on p
rote
cted
are
a re
sour
ces.
Inte
grat
e ag
enda
on
biod
iver
sity
into
edu
catio
n an
d ag
enda
s of o
ther
rela
ted
sect
ors.
Act
ions
Esta
blis
h a
mec
hani
sm to
link
ed
ucat
iona
l ins
titut
es w
ith
biod
iver
sity
con
serv
atio
n ag
enci
es a
nd d
epar
tmen
ts.
Prep
are
man
uals
, bro
chur
es,
and
book
lets
to su
ppor
t ca
paci
ty b
uild
ing
effo
rts
and
publ
ic a
war
enes
s on
biod
iver
sity
, and
mak
e th
em
avai
labl
e in
scho
ol li
brar
ies a
nd
book
shop
s.
Prog
ram
mes
100%
100%
100%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
26
....
27
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
....
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
28
....
29
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 3: Meeting the Challenges of Climate Change
....
Member states of the United Nations adopted the Framework Convention on Climate Change in May 1992. In so doing they acknowledged that human activities are continually discharging greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere – gases that are progressively causing global warming by trapping theearth’sheat.Carbondioxidecausesthehighestimpact;theothersaremethane,oxidesofnitrogenandchlorofluorocarbons.Besidesthedirectimpactoftheriseintemperatureonplantandanimallife,global warming will cause perturbations in the earth’s weather patterns and a rise in sea level.
Alterations in weather patterns are generally expected to increase rainfall in wet areas and exacerbate water shortages in dry areas. Sea level rise will occur due to the melting of polar ice sheets and a decrease in the snow cover in mountainous regions as well as the expansion of ocean water bodies. That human induced global warming will occur is now inevitable, but its scale will depend on the extent to which the global community, particularly the developed countries, will adopt measures to restrict the emission of greenhouse gases.
Sea level rise will have a major impact in the coastal areas of Sri Lanka where a high proportion of the population lives. Dwellings, public utilities, many hotels that cater to the tourist industry and a range of infrastructures will fall victims to the advancing sea.
Climate change will have a wide range of adverse impacts. The incidence of vector-borne diseases isexpectedtoincrease;harmfulinsectpestsinthedryzone,benefitingfromtheriseintemperature,willgrowinabundance;peopleinthedryzonewillexperiencemoreprolongeddryweatherandmoreseverewatershortages;andthefaunainthedryzoneforests,includingthoseinthenationalparks,willexperience shortages of food and water. On the other hand wet zone will experience increased rainfall creatingfloodingandassociatedlandslidinginthehillcounty.
Regarding agriculture, the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide will increase yields up to a critical level if the temperature were to remain constant, but this potential increase will be offset by the negative effect of the increased ambient temperature which will decrease yields.
Althoughnotasignificantcontributortoglobalwarming,SriLankahasmappedoutaseriesofactions to play its part in addressing this global problem. These include a wide range of actions to reduce the output of GHGs in the transport, industrial and energy sectors and increasing forestation which will serve as a means of carbon sequestration.
In order to combat the effects of global warming many strategies and corresponding actions have been proposed. These include carrying out health surveillance and identifying high risk areas in relation tohumanhealthasaresultofpredictedclimatechangeandupgradingcontrolmeasures;identifyingspecies and varieties of crop plants that would respond positively to increased ambient temperature andhigher levels of atmospheric carbondioxide; adopting appropriate land and cropmanagementtechnologies;promotingrainwaterharvestinginthedryzone;discouragingbuildingconstructioninvulnerablesectionsoftheseacoast;andenhancingSriLanka’scapacitytoengageincarbontrading.
miSSioN 3: meetiNg tHe cHalleNgeS oF
climate cHaNge
Preamble
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 3: Meeting the Challenges of Climate Change
30
....
1. Establishcountryspecificpoliciesandactionplanstocounteradverseclimatechangeimpacts.
2. Promote the use of economically viable, environment friendly, renewable energy resources, with emphasis on non-conventional energy resources.
3. Optimizeenergyconsumptionthroughenergyefficiencyinenterprisesandpromotingsubstitutionof fossil fuels by renewable energies in economic and production sectors.
4. Promotesupplyside&enduseenergyefficiency.
5. Promote carbon sequestration.
6. Promote Integrated waste management.
7. Identify Infrastructure vulnerability to climate change.
8. Ensure that land use zoning reduces vulnerability to adverse impacts of climate change.
9. Make rain water harvesting at site level mandatory.
10. Take adaptive measures expecting an increase of vectors.
11. Establish Food Security in the face of climate change threats.
12. Develop and adopt energy saving technologies in agriculture.
miSSioN 3: meetiNg tHe cHalleNgeS oF
climate cHaNge
StrategieS
31
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 3: Meeting the Challenges of Climate Change
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
miS
Sio
N 3
: mee
tiN
g t
He c
Ha
lleN
geS
oF c
lim
ate
cH
aN
ge
ac
tio
NS
1. 1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
All
nece
ssar
y na
tiona
l po
lices
and
act
ion
plan
s de
velo
ped.
Nat
iona
l Pol
icy
and
Act
ion
Plan
in p
lace
.
Nat
iona
l Pol
icy
on C
DM
es
tabl
ishe
d.
SAA
RC A
ctio
n Pl
an in
pl
ace.
Seco
nd N
atio
nal
Com
mun
ica-
tion
prep
ared
.
NA
CC
C20
08de
cisi
on
Initi
al N
atio
nal
com
mun
icat
iion
2000
Dra
ft C
DM
polic
y to
be
revi
ewed
20
09
Cab
inet
pap
er
dire
ctin
g de
velo
pmen
t of
actio
n pl
an 2
008
Proj
ect
initi
ated
20
08
40%
100%
100%
100%
40%
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R,
Clim
ate C
hang
eSe
cret
aria
t
M/E
&N
R,
Clim
ate
Cha
nge
Secr
etar
iat
M/E
&N
R,
Clim
ate
Cha
nge
Secr
etar
iat
M/E
&N
R,
Clim
ate
Cha
nge
Secr
etar
iat
Esta
blis
h co
untr
y sp
ecifi
c po
licie
s an
d ac
tion
plan
s to
cou
nter
adv
erse
clim
ate
chan
ge im
pact
s.
Act
ions
Dev
elop
the
Nat
iona
l Pol
icy
and
Act
ion
Plan
on
Clim
ate
Cha
nge
for S
ri La
nka.
Dev
elop
the
Nat
iona
l Pol
icy
on C
lean
Dev
elop
men
t M
echa
nism
to p
rom
ote
financiallynotfeasible
sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent
prog
ram
s in
Sri L
anka
.
Esta
blis
h th
e SA
ARC
act
ion
plan
on
clim
ate
chan
ge to
pr
ovid
e a
regi
onal
per
spec
tive
to c
limat
e ch
ange
issu
es.
Dev
elop
the
seco
nd n
atio
nal
com
mun
icat
ion
as p
er th
e co
untr
y ob
ligat
ions
und
er th
e U
NFC
CC
.
100%
100%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 3: Meeting the Challenges of Climate Change
32
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6
Lead
R
espo
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Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
1.5
1.6
1.7
2. 2.1
2.2
The
Gre
en H
ouse
Gas
In
vent
ory
avai
labl
e.
Num
ber o
f CER
s fa
cilit
ated
by
the
Sr
i Lan
ka C
arbo
n Fu
nd.
Incr
ease
d aw
aren
ess o
n cl
imat
e ch
ange
and
CD
M.
20%
incr
ease
in th
e re
new
able
ene
rgy
perc
enta
ge o
f the
natio
nal g
rid.
Num
ber o
f min
i/m
icro
hy
dro
proj
ects
faci
litat
ed.
Num
ber o
f fea
sibi
lity
stud
ies i
mpl
emen
ted.
Prio
rtis
inng
on
the
basi
s of
cou
ntrie
s pot
entia
l.
Prel
imin
ary
inve
ntor
yav
aila
ble
2000
Sri L
anka
Car
bon
Fund
esta
blis
hed
2008
Not
avai
labl
e
4.80
%SE
Aes
tabl
ishe
d
1365
proj
ects
12 su
rvey
s un
dert
aken
45%
50%
100% 200
(Add
ition
al)
24
10%
by
2016
400
(Add
ition
al)
100
Dev
elop
the N
atio
nal G
reen
H
ouse
Gas
Inve
ntor
y fo
r Sri
Lank
a.
Enha
nce c
apac
ity o
f the
Sri
lank
aCa
rbon
Fun
d to
enga
ge in
Ca
rbon
trad
ing
and
enha
nce t
he
capa
citie
s of t
he N
atio
nal C
DM
Ce
nter
s and
loca
l con
sulta
nts i
n CD
M.
Incr
ease
nat
iona
l aw
aren
ess
on c
limat
e ch
ange
impa
cts a
nd
CD
M.
Prom
ote
the
use
of e
cono
mic
ally
vi
able
, env
iron
men
t fri
endl
y,
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y re
sour
ces,
w
ith e
mph
asis
on
non-
conv
entio
nal e
nerg
y re
sour
ces.
Act
ions
Prom
ote
min
i/m
icro
hy
drop
ower
pro
ject
s.
Prom
ote
othe
r ren
ewab
le
ener
gy so
urce
s suc
h as
den
dro,
w
ind,
wav
es, s
olar
, oce
an
ther
mal
ele
ctric
con
vers
ion
(OTE
C),
was
tes t
o en
ergy
, bi
ogas
from
sew
age,
etc
.
100%
100% 250
(Add
ition
al)
64
M/E
&N
R,
Clim
ate
Cha
nge
Secr
etar
iat
M/E
&N
R,
Clim
ate
Cha
nge
Secr
etar
iat
M/E
&N
R,
Clim
ate
Cha
nge
Secr
etar
iat
M/P
&E
SEA
, M/P
&E,
Pv
t. Se
ctor
SEA
, M/P
&E,
Pv
t. Se
ctor
,SL
CF
33
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 3: Meeting the Challenges of Climate Change
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6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
2.3
3. 3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
Num
ber o
f sys
tem
s in
trod
uced
.
Benc
hmar
ked
indu
strie
s.
Redu
ctio
n of
cons
umpt
ion
of p
etro
leum
fuel
s for
in
dust
rial h
eat.
Tons
of O
il re
plac
ed b
y gassifiers.
Redu
ctio
n in
foss
il fu
el
used
for t
rans
port
.
Num
ber o
f hou
seho
ld
units
usi
ng b
ioga
s.
Popu
larit
y fo
r hot
wat
er
boile
rs.
1% Not
Avai
labl
e
3% (s
ever
alpr
ojec
tsin
itiat
ed)
17,0
00gassifiers
Cou
rt c
ase
pend
ing
5000
ho
useh
olds
.Te
chno
logy
avai
labl
e.
Avai
labl
eda
ta
2% 6%
43,0
00gassifiers
(Add
ition
al)
300
10%
50%
1720
00
gassifiers
(Add
ition
al)
10%
by
2015
1000
Intro
duce
sola
r pow
er ir
rigat
ion
syst
ems.
Opt
imiz
e en
ergy
cons
umpt
ion
thro
ugh
ener
gy e
ffici
ency
in
ente
rpris
es a
nd p
rom
otin
g su
bstit
utio
n of
foss
il fu
els b
y re
new
able
ene
rgie
s in
econ
omic
an
d pr
oduc
tion
sect
ors.
Act
ions
Repl
ace p
etro
leum
bas
ed fu
el
by G
liric
idia
fuel
woo
d fo
r in
dust
rial h
eat.
Prom
oteu
seofw
oodgasifi
cation
tech
nolo
gy.
Prom
ote u
se o
f alte
rnat
e tra
nspo
rt fu
el te
chno
logi
es
that
redu
ce G
HG
emiss
ions
(e
.g.L
PG/b
io-fu
els i
n pl
ace o
f pe
trol &
die
sel).
Prom
ote b
ioga
s use
for
hous
ehol
d co
okin
g an
d lig
htin
g.
Prom
ote h
ot w
ater
boi
lers
in
stea
d of
stea
m b
oile
rs.
3%
7 by
201
3
15%
2150
00gassifiers
(Add
ition
al)
3% b
y 20
10
600
100%
M/A
D&
AS
M/P
&E
M/S
&T
M/S
&T,
SEA
,M
/P&
E,
M/E
&N
R
SEA
, M
/E&
NR,
M
/P&
E
M/S
&T,
M/N
B&EI
DM
REA
P/TA
ARP
-B
SEA
, M/P
&E,
Pvt.
Sect
or,
SLC
F
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 3: Meeting the Challenges of Climate Change
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6
Lead
R
espo
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le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
3.6
4. 4.1
5. 5.1
5.2
5.3
Fuel
savi
ng.
Num
ber o
f lab
eled
ap
plia
nces
(En
ergy
Inte
nsity
To
e/m
illio
n SD
R).
Elec
tric
ity tr
ansm
issi
on &
di
strib
utio
n lo
ss (%
).
Num
ber
of E
nerg
y la
bels
in
trod
uced
.
Num
ber o
f pro
ject
s im
plem
ente
d un
der C
DM
inpu
t to
incr
ease
affo
rest
atio
n an
d re
fore
stat
ion.
Num
ber o
f pro
jects
dev
elop
ed
for i
mpl
emen
tatio
n th
roug
h RE
DD
initi
ativ
es.
Exte
nt o
f affo
rest
ed a
nd
refo
rest
ed la
nd th
roug
h im
prov
ed su
stai
nabi
lity
by
CD
M.
Dat
a av
aila
ble
on c
arbo
n fixationinagronom
icpractices
with
cro
p lik
e ru
bber
.
Proj
ects
alre
ady
initi
ated
0 517
15.7
%
Stud
ies
avai
labl
e
Nat
iona
lpo
licy
on C
DM
avai
labl
e
Sri L
anka
part
y to
Kyo
to
prot
ocol
201
0
800
ha/y
ear
CD
M p
olic
y 20
10
2 lo
ssre
duct
ion
513.
25
GW
h2
proj
ects
3
1693
t
500
by20
17 50 50%
100%
6000
ha
/yea
r
100%
Ado
ptio
n of
fuel
switc
hing
to
wat
er h
eatin
g by
intr
oduc
ing
bio-
mas
s boi
lers
.
Prom
ote
supp
ly s
ide
& e
nd
use
ener
gy e
ffici
ency
.
Act
ions
Intr
oduc
tion
of E
nerg
y la
bels
an
d m
an sc
ale
awar
enes
s.
Prom
ote
carb
on
sequ
estr
atio
n.
Act
ions
Con
serv
e ex
istin
g ca
rbon
po
ols s
uch
as fo
rest
s.
Incr
ease
the
size
of t
he c
arbo
n po
ol b
y re
fore
stat
ion
and
affo
rest
atio
n of
deg
rade
d fo
rest
s, m
argi
nal c
ropl
ands
an
d w
aste
land
s.
Ado
pt a
gron
omic
pra
ctic
es
in c
ultiv
atio
n sp
ecie
s suc
h as
ru
bber
etc
.
422t
6 in
201
3
Loss
redu
ced
to13
.5%
by 2
013
6 20%
4000
ha
/yea
r
50%
SEA
, M/P
&E,
Pvt.
Sect
or,
SLC
F
M/P
&E
SEA
, M/P
&E
M/E
&N
R
DFC
, M/E
&N
R
DFC
,
M
/E&
NR,
Pvt.
Sect
or
RR
I, Es
tate
man
agem
ents
, M
/AD
&A
S
35
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Lead
R
espo
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le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
6. 6.1
6.2
7. 7.1
7.2
Prop
er w
aste
m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
s pr
actic
ed.
Num
ber o
f was
te
man
agem
ent p
roje
cts
impl
emen
ted
with
CDMfinancing.
Num
ber o
f far
ms u
sing
.
Prio
rity
infr
astr
uctu
re
underriskidentifi
ed.
Rele
vant
pla
nnin
g gu
idel
ines
in p
lace
.
Regu
latio
ns in
pla
ce.
Avai
labl
e w
aste
m
anag
emen
tsy
stem
s
NPS
WM
avai
labl
e an
dim
plem
enta
tion
initi
ated
2% o
f tot
al
avai
labl
e
Avai
labl
e in
fras
truc
ture
fa
cilit
ies
Build
ing
guid
elin
esav
aila
ble
Urb
an
deve
lopm
ent
guid
elin
esav
aila
ble
3% 30%
100%
100%
100%
100%
10%
100%
Prom
ote
inte
grat
ed w
aste
m
anag
emen
t.
Act
ions
Esta
blis
h so
lid a
nd li
quid
was
te
man
agem
ent p
rogr
ams w
ith
appr
opria
te m
easu
res t
o re
duce
em
issi
on o
f met
hane
and
use
CDMtoim
provethefinancial
feas
ibili
ty a
nd lo
ng te
rm
viab
ility
of t
he p
roje
cts.
Com
post
pro
duct
ion
and
utili
zatio
n fo
r Agr
icul
ture
.
Iden
tify
Infr
astr
uctu
re
vuln
erab
ility
to c
limat
e ch
ange
.A
ctio
nsD
isco
urag
e co
nstr
uctio
n of
bu
ildin
gs fo
rmin
g ba
rrie
rs a
long
the
sea
coas
t and
enc
oura
ge
crea
tion
of w
ind
corr
idor
s pe
rpen
dicu
lar t
o th
e se
a.
Mak
e sh
ade
tree
pla
ntin
g al
ong
urba
n st
reet
s and
urb
an p
ublic
pa
rks s
yste
ms w
ith a
t lea
st 5
0%
tree
cov
er m
anda
tory
in a
ll lo
w a
nd m
id-c
ount
ry a
reas
of
the
coun
try
and
use
of C
DM
financingtoim
provethelong
term
sust
aina
bilit
y of
pro
ject
s.
50%
50%
4% 55%
M/L
G&
PC
CEA
, LA
s, M
/LG
&PC
, M
/E&
NR
DO
A,
M/A
D&
AS
M/U
D&
SAD
UD
A,
M/U
D&
SAD
,LA
s, M
/LG
&PC
M/U
D&
SAD
, RD
A, U
DA
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 3: Meeting the Challenges of Climate Change
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Lead
R
espo
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le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
Repo
rt o
n in
fras
truc
ture
vu
lner
abili
ty.
Nat
iona
l Phy
sica
l Pla
n an
d U
rban
Dev
elop
men
t Pla
ns
truly
inte
grat
ing
this
conc
ern.
Repo
rt o
n vu
lner
abili
ty
avai
labl
e.
Mak
ing
rain
wat
er h
arve
stin
g sy
stem
s man
dato
ry.
Num
ber o
f hou
ses u
sing
rain
w
ater
har
vest
ing
syst
ems.
Mea
sure
s tak
en.
Num
ber o
f hig
h ris
k ar
eas
identifi
ed.
Num
ber o
f pro
gram
s in
trod
uced
.
Cap
acity
avai
labl
e
Avai
labl
eda
ta o
n la
nd
use
zoni
ng
NA
CC
Ces
tabl
ishe
dw
ith a
man
date
Avai
labl
esy
stem
s
Act
iviti
esal
read
yin
itiat
ed
Exis
ting
Mea
sure
s
Few
stud
ies
alre
ady
avai
labl
e
50%
50%
100%
10%
20%
20%
45%
100%
100%
Und
erta
ke in
fras
truc
ture
vuln
erab
ility
ass
essm
ent s
tudy
.
Ensu
re th
at la
nd u
se z
onin
g re
duce
s vul
nera
bilit
y to
adv
erse
im
pact
s of
clim
ate
chan
ge.
Act
ions
Impl
emen
t an
isla
ndw
ide
clim
ate
chan
ge v
ulne
rabi
lity
asse
ssm
ent e
xerc
ise,
initi
atin
g w
ith in
hig
hly
vuln
erab
le a
reas
su
ch a
s coa
stal
and
low
lyin
g.
Mak
e ra
in w
ater
har
vest
ing
at
site
leve
l man
dato
ry.
Act
ions
Esta
blis
h sy
stem
s at t
he h
ouse
s in
the
dry
zone
and
oth
er a
reas
fo
r goo
d qu
ality
rain
wat
er
harv
estin
g.
Take
adap
tive m
easu
res e
xpec
ting
an in
crea
se o
f vec
tors
.
Act
ions
Iden
tify
high
risk
are
as w
ith
resp
ect t
o pr
edic
ted
clim
ate
chan
ge im
pact
s and
upg
rade
ve
ctor
con
trol
pro
gram
s.
100%
100%
100%
25%
60%
50%
M/U
D&
SAD
,RD
A
M/U
D&
SAD
NPP
D, U
DA
, M
/UD
&SA
D
M/U
D&
SAD
M/N
B&EI
D/
TAA
RP-B
/ TA
ARP
-E
M/N
B&EI
D
M/N
B&EI
D/
NEC
ORD
II/
Gam
anag
uma
Prog
ram
me,
M/H
&N
7.3
8. 8.1
9. 9.1
10.
10.1
37
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Lead
R
espo
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le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
10.2
11.
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
Impr
oved
syst
ems t
o de
tect
cha
nges
in h
ealth
co
nditi
on.
Act
ion
plan
of f
ood
secu
rity
deve
lope
d an
d im
plem
ente
d.
Num
ber o
f var
ietie
s identifi
ed.
Num
ber o
f hec
tare
s cul
tivat
ed
with
such
var
ietie
s.C
over
age.
Identifi
cationand
appl
icat
ion
of b
ette
r te
chno
logi
es.
New
cul
tivat
ion
patte
rns
identifi
edandintroduced.
M/H
ealth
has
nece
ssar
y ne
tw
orki
ng fo
rsu
rvei
llanc
es
Not
av
aila
ble
0.5%
0.5%
10%
30%
20%
2% 15%
40%
100%
100% 2% 25%
90%
Incr
ease
hea
lth su
rvei
llanc
e by
he
alth
aut
horit
ies i
n m
ore
vuln
erab
le p
rovi
nces
to m
onito
rin
crea
se o
f hea
t rel
ated
dis
ease
s.
Esta
blis
h Fo
od S
ecur
ity in
the
face
of c
limat
e ch
ange
thre
ats.
Act
ions
Sele
ct h
igh
yiel
ding
, im
prov
ed
clim
ate
chan
ge re
sist
ant
rice
varie
ties a
nd th
ose
that
ar
e po
sitiv
ely
resp
onsi
ve to
el
evat
ed C
O2.
Use
of u
ltra
shor
t ter
m v
arie
ties
that
tole
rate
bio
tic a
nd a
biot
ic
stre
ss.
Ado
pt su
itabl
e la
nd a
nd c
rop
man
agem
ent t
echn
olog
ies.
Adj
ust r
ain
fed
farm
ing
to
rain
fall
varia
tions
-cul
tivat
ion
of sh
ort d
urat
ion
padd
y in
the
Yala
seas
on a
nd lo
ng d
urat
ion
padd
y in
the
Mah
a se
ason
.
60%
1% 3% 20%
60%
M/H
&N
M/A
D&
AS
RR
I ,
M/A
D&
AS
DoA
,
M
/AD
&A
S,Fa
rmer
s
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S,Fa
rmer
s, M
/NB&
EID
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S,
Farm
ers
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 3: Meeting the Challenges of Climate Change
38
....
Base
line
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t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
11.5
11.6
11.7
11.8
Cha
nges
mad
e by
farm
ers
in c
rop
patte
rns a
nd c
rops
cu
ltiva
ted.
Fore
cast
ing
syst
em in
pla
ce.
Cul
tivat
ion
of c
limat
e ad
just
ed ru
bber
var
ietie
s by
plan
ters
.
Cha
nges
mad
e to
cro
ppin
g ca
lend
ar b
y fa
rmer
s & h
ome
gard
ener
s con
side
ring
clim
ate
chan
ge.
10%
1% Stud
ies
avai
labl
e
5%
10%
1% 10%
20%
5% 100%
25%
Adj
ust c
rop
seas
ons t
o su
it ne
w
clim
ate,
e.g
. cer
tain
clim
atic
con
- di
tions
favo
ur o
utbr
eak
of t
he
Brow
n Pl
ant H
oppe
r (BP
H) i
n th
elo
w c
ount
ry d
ry z
one
- ada
pt
chan
ges i
n ag
rono
mic
pra
ctic
es
in p
addy
cul
tivat
ion
such
as
adva
ncin
g th
e tim
e of
cul
tivat
ion
from
May
to M
arch
, int
rodu
cing
pe
st re
sist
ing
varie
ties a
nd u
se o
f re
com
men
ded
inse
ctic
ides
.Es
tabl
ish
a su
rvei
llanc
e an
d fo
reca
stin
g sy
stem
.
Sele
ct ru
bber
gen
otyp
es to
suit
diffe
rent
env
ironm
ents
- Clo
nes
RRIS
L 21
5 an
d RR
ISL
217
are
high
ly st
able
ove
rall
with
a
high
mea
n pe
rfor
man
ce a
nd
are
not a
s sen
sitiv
e to
cha
nges
in
env
ironm
enta
l con
ditio
ns.
RRIC
100
is th
e m
ost s
uita
ble
clon
e fo
r are
as w
ith lo
w ra
infa
ll (W
ithan
age,
200
4).
Adj
ust c
ultiv
atio
n tim
ing
in
hom
e ga
rden
s - th
e cr
oppi
ng
cale
ndar
shou
ld b
e al
tere
d to
m
atch
the
sim
ulat
ed c
ropp
ing
cale
ndar
in o
rder
to m
inim
ize
irrig
atio
n w
ater
dem
and
for
crop
s.
15%
2% 15%
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S,Fa
rmer
s
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S
RC
D
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S,Fa
rmer
s, D
oA
39
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 3: Meeting the Challenges of Climate Change
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
12.
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
Ener
gy sa
ving
tech
nolo
gies
de
velo
ped
and
adop
ted
in
agric
ultu
re.
Perc
ent a
rea
unde
r suc
h us
es.
Num
ber o
f uni
ts in
use
.C
over
age.
Perc
ent a
rea/
farm
s ad
optin
g su
ch te
chni
ques
.
Redu
ctio
n in
ene
rgy
use
for
irrig
atio
n.
1%
0.00
5%
0.00
5%
10%
0.00
5%en
ergy
use
1% 0.1%
0.05
%
15%
0.05
%en
ergy
use
5% 3% 2% 25%
2%en
ergy
use
Dev
elop
and
ado
pt e
nerg
y sa
ving
tech
nolo
gies
in
agri
cultu
re.
Act
ions
Switchtofuelefficient
agro
-mec
hani
zatio
n.
Intr
oduc
e re
new
able
en
ergy
use
, e.g
. sol
ar p
ower
te
chno
logy
for i
rrig
atio
n an
d ag
ro -
proc
essi
ng.
Rec
ycle
cro
p re
sidu
e an
d fa
rm w
aste
.
Prom
ote
low
ene
rgy
rain
wat
er
harv
estin
g te
chno
logi
es.
2% 0.5%
0.1% 20%
0.1%
ener
gyus
e
M/A
D&
AS
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S,D
oEA
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S,D
oEA
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S,M
/NB&
EID
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
40
....
41
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
....
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
42
....
43
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 4: Wise Use of the Coastal Belt and Sea Around
....
Many parts of the coastal belt are densely populated. Fisheries, manufacturing, tourism and many service activities are highly concentrated in the coastal zone, and in 2004 it was estimated that the coastal zone contributed 44% to the national GDP. With the high concentration of economic activities in the coastal area, there is an overwhelming need to take action to maintain the integrity of the environment.
Thefishery industry is foremostamong themanyeconomicactivities thatuse the resourcesofthecoastalbeltandthesurroundingsea.Themarinefishresourcesarefoundinthecoastalwatersthatoverliethecontinentalshelfandinthedeepseabeyond.Aroundamillionpeopledependonthefishingindustryfortheirlivelihood,andfishconstitutesanimportantproteinintakeofthepopulation.Thevastbulkoffishproductioncomesfromthecoastalwaters.Asaresultofthesharpincreaseinthefrequencyandintensityofnearshorefishingandthecommonfailuretoapplyproperfishingtechnologiesfishstockshavegotdepleted.Besidesfishspecies,lobsters,crabs,prawns,cuttlefishandholothuriansforman important part of the harvest. Many species are now on the point of being endangered due to over-exploitation.
Other economic activities involving the use of natural resources are coral mining for lime production,capturingofliveornamentalfishmainlyforexport,andsandcollectionfromthebeachesand sand dunes. These activities, at current levels of exploitation, are environmentally damaging.
Tourism in Sri Lanka is based, to a considerable extent, in the coastal belt, the main attraction being the sandy beaches, coastal waters, and lagoons and estuaries. Many of the tourist hotels are located in close proximity to the beaches. Maintaining the natural beauty of the coastal environment is vital to sustaining this industry.
Sea erosion is a serious problem in some sections of the coast. This problem is aggravated by the destruction of coral reefs and by sand mining both in the beach and in river beds. River bed mining reduces sand nourishment of the beaches and so promotes coastal erosion. The tsunami of 2004 led to many programmes aimed at attaining sustainability in coastal and marine resources management suffering a serious setback.
Safeguarding the coastal belt and the near shore areas is of critical importance to the continuing developmentofthecountry.Thecoastalfishinggroundswillhavetobegivenprotectionbyincreasingproduction from the deep sea and inland sources and reducing the catch from coastal waters. Better fishingtechniqueshavetobeused.Specialmeasuresbasedonscientificstudieswillhavetobeadoptedtoconserveendangeredspecies.Reductioninpost-harvestlossescouldmakeasignificantimpactonthesustainable management of these resources. Fishery management plans will have to be implemented withtheparticipationofthefishingcommunity.Thecoastalzonemanagementplanhastobeputintofulleffect, with emphasis on protecting vulnerable parts of the coast from erosion, relocating communities wherenecessarytomaintainahealthycoastalzoneenvironment;andeffectivelypreventingpollution.
miSSioN 4: wiSe uSe oF tHe coaStal belt
aND tHe Sea arouND
Preamble
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 4: Wise Use of the Coastal Belt and Sea Around
44
....
1. Developmarine&inlandfisheriesinanecologicallysustainablemanner.
2. Develop and rehabilitate the coastal belt conserving its natural resources and minimize vulnerability to natural hazards.
3. Stabilize eroding coastal stretches using soft solutions such as coastal resources & habitat rehabilitation to the maximum level.
4. Promoteenvironmentallyfriendlyfishingpracticesinplaceofharmfulfishingpractices.
5. Prevent Coastal and marine pollution through appropriate measures.
miSSioN 4: wiSe uSe oF tHe coaStal belt
aND tHe Sea arouND
StrategieS
45
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 4: Wise Use of the Coastal Belt and Sea Around
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
miS
Sio
N 4
: w
iSe u
Se o
F tH
e co
aSt
al b
elt
aN
D t
He S
ea a
ro
uN
D
ac
tio
NS
1. 1.1
1.2
1.3
Sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent o
f mar
ine
andinlandfisheriesensuring
prod
uctio
n in
crea
se b
y 5%
ann
ually
an
d 65
% b
y 20
35.
Mea
sure
s tak
en to
ens
ure
sust
aina
bilit
y.N
umbe
r of a
pplic
atio
ns in
trod
uced
.
Num
ber o
f SA
M P
lans
impl
emen
ted.
Num
ber o
f app
licat
ions
intr
oduc
ed
to e
nsur
e su
stai
nabi
lity.
Incr
ease
d pr
oduc
tion
from
inla
nd
fisheries.
Num
ber o
f app
licat
ions
intr
oduc
ed
to e
nsur
e ec
olog
ical
sust
aina
bilit
y.
Aw
arne
ss p
rogr
amm
es c
ondu
cted
.N
umbe
r of t
arge
t gro
ups
addr
esse
d.
App
licat
ions
Avai
labl
e
9 Avai
labl
eda
ta 2
008
Avai
labl
eda
ta
10%
100%
50%
M/F
&A
R
M/F
&A
R,
CC
D
M/F
&A
R,
DoF
, M
/NB&
EID
M/F
&A
R,
DoF
, N
ARA
,M
/E&
NR
Dev
elop
mar
ine
& in
land
fis
heri
es in
an
ecol
ogic
ally
su
stai
nabl
e m
anne
r.
Act
ions
Impl
emen
t SA
M P
lans
w
ith m
easu
res t
o en
sure
su
stai
nabi
lity.
Prom
ote
& fa
cilit
ate
inla
nd
fisheriesinordertoredu
ce
expl
oita
tion
of m
arin
e ha
bita
t in
an
ecol
ogic
al su
stai
nabl
e m
anne
r.
Take
nec
essa
ry m
easu
res t
o co
nser
ve th
e en
dang
ered
sp
ecie
s by
crea
ting
awar
enes
s am
ongthefisherm
enand
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
.
20%
12 b
y20
11
100%
40%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 4: Wise Use of the Coastal Belt and Sea Around
46
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
Are
a co
vere
d.
Num
ber o
f sur
veys
co
nduc
ted.
Incr
ease
the
num
ber o
f fisheriessocieties.
Num
ber o
f Lon
g lin
ers
intr
oduc
ed.
Incr
ease
num
ber o
f fishingvesselsfor
offshorefishing.
Redu
ce p
ost h
arve
st
loss
es.
Exis
ting
Prac
tices
Pres
ent s
urue
y on
identifi
edsp
ecies.
403
coas
tal
and
415
inla
ndfisheriessocieties
Not
avai
labl
e
10 30%
40%
30%
Ado
pt m
easu
res t
o co
nser
ve
the
reso
urce
s thr
ough
es
tabl
ishi
ng c
lose
d se
ason
s and
closedareasforfi
shing.
Condu
ctfishstocksurveysat
appr
opria
te in
terv
als t
o en
sure
su
stai
nabi
lity
of th
e ec
osys
tem
.
Intr
oduc
e co
-man
agem
ent f
or
inlandandcoastalfisheriesso
thatthoseengagedinfishing
will
, on
thei
r ini
tiativ
e, a
dopt
responsiblefishingpractices
and
prot
ect t
he re
sour
ces.
Introducelonglinefishing
technologytoengagefishing
in o
ffsho
re in
ord
er to
redu
ce
the
over
exp
loita
tion
of c
oast
al
wat
er.
Encouragemultidayfishing
vesselstofishinginhighseas
in o
rder
to re
duce
the
over
ex
ploi
tatio
n of
coa
stal
wat
er.
Intr
oduc
e be
tter d
esig
ns fo
r bo
ats i
n or
der t
o re
duce
pos
t harvestlossesandwasteoffish
reso
urce
s.
100%
100%
100%
100%
M/F
&A
R,
DoF
, NA
RA
M/F
&A
R,
DoF
, NA
RA
M/F
&A
R,
NA
QD
A, D
oF
M/F
&A
R, D
oF
M/F
&A
R, D
oF
M/F
&A
R, D
oF
75%
100%
47
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 4: Wise Use of the Coastal Belt and Sea Around
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
2. 2.1
2.2
3. 3.1
3.2
Dev
elop
and
reha
bilit
ate
the
coas
tal b
elt c
onse
rvin
g its
na
tura
l res
ourc
es a
nd m
inim
ize
vuln
erab
ility
to n
atur
al h
azar
ds.
Act
ions
Revi
se C
oast
al Z
one
Man
agem
ent P
lan
(CZM
P) &
re
leva
nt re
gion
al p
hysi
cal p
lans
, an
d ex
pedi
te g
azet
ting
of c
oast
al
area
Urb
an D
evel
opm
ent P
lans
no
t yet
gaz
ette
d.
Iden
tify
& re
loca
te co
mm
uniti
es/a
ctiv
ities
inco
mpa
tible
with
zo
ning
pla
ns.
Stab
ilize
ero
ding
coa
stal
st
retc
hes
usin
g so
ft s
olut
ions
su
ch a
s co
asta
l res
ourc
es &
ha
bita
t reh
abili
tatio
n to
the
max
imum
leve
l.
Act
ions
Implem
entartificialbeach
nour
ishm
ent m
easu
res.
Con
stru
ct c
oast
al p
rote
ctio
n st
ruct
ures
onl
y w
here
ess
entia
l in
acc
orda
nce
with
zon
ing
regu
latio
ns, w
ithou
t deg
radi
ng
the
visu
al e
nviro
nmen
t, an
d re
stor
e ar
eas v
isua
lly d
egra
ded
by e
arlie
r str
uctu
res.
Are
a C
over
ed.
Rele
vant
zon
ing
plan
s re
vise
d/pr
epar
ed &
ga
zette
d.
Relo
catio
n pr
ojec
ts
form
ulat
ed a
nd
succ
essf
ully
com
plet
ed.
Are
a C
over
ed.
Redu
ctionofuserconflicts
amongfisherm
en.
Min
imum
, wel
l-int
egra
ted
coas
tal p
rote
ctio
n st
ruct
ures
& re
stor
atio
n of
co
asta
l lan
dsca
pes w
here
ne
cess
ary.
Exis
ting
area
cove
red
1997
CZM
P,so
me
coas
tal
regi
onal
and
urba
n de
velo
pmen
tpl
ans i
n pl
ace
Avai
labl
e da
ta
Exis
ting
erod
ing
coas
tal
stre
tche
s
Dat
a av
aila
ble
2008
(08k
m)
Avai
labl
e da
ta
2008
(18k
m
reve
rtm
ents
, 2.
06km
gro
ynes
, 0.
3km
gab
ian
boxe
s)
50%
60%
by
2013
50%
40%
M/F
&A
R
M/F
&A
R,
CC
D,
NPP
D, U
DA
,N
ARA
M/F
&A
R ,
CC
D, U
DA
M/F
&A
R
M/F
&A
R,
CC
D
M/F
&A
R,
CC
D
100%
100%
by
2016
100%
100%
100%
25%
2010
25%
by
2010
25%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 4: Wise Use of the Coastal Belt and Sea Around
48
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
4. 4.1
Incr
ease
d ar
ea o
f coa
stal
fo
rest
Pre
vent
Sea
ero
sion
.
Num
ber o
f rai
ds re
duce
d.D
eman
ds fo
r alte
rnat
ive
sour
ces f
or li
me
incr
ease
d.
Num
ber o
f con
trol
m
easu
res a
pplie
d.
Dem
ands
for a
ltern
ativ
e so
urce
s for
sand
incr
ease
d.
Prop
er d
ata
& in
form
atio
n av
aila
ble.
Are
a C
over
ed.
Num
ber o
f acc
ess r
oads
.
Zona
tion
in p
lace
. Su
rvei
llanc
e sy
stem
and
re
spon
ses i
n pl
ace.
Dat
abas
e av
aila
ble
at
dist
rict l
evel
.
90km
29 ra
ids p
er
year
30 ra
ids p
er
year
Info
rmat
ion
syst
em in
Pla
ce
100h
a
33 Syst
emav
aila
ble
Exis
ting
data
25%
100%
100%
35%
40%
Expa
nd th
e gr
een
belt
on th
e co
astli
ne w
ith th
e pa
rtic
ipat
ion
and
sust
aina
ble
use
of
com
mun
ities
/coa
stal
inha
bita
nts.
Prev
ent c
oral
min
ing
in
dam
agin
g re
efs.
Stric
tly m
anag
e sa
nd m
inin
g in
an
ecol
ogic
ally
sust
aina
ble
man
ner.
Esta
blis
h an
d m
aint
ain
coas
tal
info
rmat
ion
syst
ems.
Esta
blis
hmen
t of g
reen
bel
t w
ithin
the
coas
tal z
one.
Dev
elop
men
t of b
each
acc
ess.
Prom
ote
envi
ronm
enta
lly
frie
ndly
fish
ing
prac
tices
in p
lace
of h
arm
ful fi
shin
g pr
actic
es.
Act
ions
Esta
blis
h a
data
bas
e on
har
mfu
l fishingpracticesonadistrict
basi
s and
ass
ess t
heir
impa
ct o
n m
arin
e bi
odiv
ersi
ty.
50%
80%
100%
100%
M/F
&A
R, C
CD, C
EA,
DoF
, NG
Os &
CBO
s, M
/NB&
EID
,M
/Tou
rism
, SLT
B,
M/D
M&
HR
M/F
&A
R,
Polic
e, C
CD
,D
WLC
, GSM
B
M/F
&A
R, P
olic
e,
CC
D, D
WLC
, GSM
B
M/F
&A
R,
CC
D, N
ARA
CC
D, D
oF
CC
D, R
DA
M/F
&A
R
M/F
&A
R,
NA
RA, D
oF,
Uni
vers
ities
,C
CD
100%
100%
100%
49
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 4: Wise Use of the Coastal Belt and Sea Around
....
Base
line
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t Te
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ium
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09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
Fish
ery
man
agem
ent a
rea
gaze
tte a
vaila
ble.
Num
beroffisheries
coop
erat
ive s
ocie
ties f
orm
ed.
Num
ber o
f com
plai
nts o
n illegalandharmfulfishing
activ
ities
redu
ced.
Num
ber o
f rai
ds in
crea
sed.
Stud
y re
port
s ava
ilabl
e.
No
furt
her c
atch
& sa
le o
f th
reat
ened
spec
ies.
Num
ber o
f env
ironm
ent
friendlyfishingtechniques
adop
ted.
Num
ber o
f aw
aren
ess
prog
ram
mes
con
duct
ed.
Num
ber o
f tar
get g
roup
s.
Fish
ery
man
agem
ent
area
gaz
ette
av
aila
ble
Avai
labl
eda
ta
Avai
labl
eda
ta
Dat
a on
m
arin
e M
amm
als
Dat
a on
thre
aten
ed
spec
ies
Avai
labl
eda
ta
20%
40%
50%
Intr
oduc
e co
mm
unity
bas
ed
man
agem
ent s
yste
ms t
o co
ntro
l harm
fulfishingpractices.
Providesupportforfishermen
enga
ged
in h
arm
ful a
ctiv
ities
to
changetheirfi
shingactivities.
Stre
ngth
en e
nfor
cem
ent o
f regulationsonillegalfishing.
Initi
ate
stud
ies t
o es
timat
e th
e w
ild st
ocks
of m
arin
e m
amm
als
arou
nd S
ri La
nka
and
asse
ss
the
impa
cts o
f by-
catc
h on
the
wild
pop
ulat
ion.
Con
duct
aw
aren
ess t
o pr
even
t catch&saleofthefleshof
thre
aten
ed sp
ecie
s.
Dev
elop
env
ironm
enta
lly
frie
ndly
and
cos
t effe
ctiv
e fishinggear,vessels,fishing
tech
niqu
es a
nd p
ract
ices
, cre
ate
awarenessamongfisherm
en
and
prom
ote
appl
icat
ion
of
thes
e pr
actic
es.
100%
100%
80%
100%
100%
100%
M/F
&A
R, D
oF,
CC
D,
NA
RA,
M/N
B&EI
D/
REPS
I
M/F
&A
R, D
oF,
Polic
e, C
CD
, M
/NB&
EID
/ N
ECC
DEP
/RE
PSI/
NEH
RP
M/F
&A
R, D
oF,
Polic
e, C
CD
M/F
&A
R,
NA
RA,
Uni
vers
ities
,N
SF
M/F
&A
R, D
oF,
CC
D, N
ARA
,U
nive
rsiti
es
M/A
D&
AS,
DoA
,
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 4: Wise Use of the Coastal Belt and Sea Around
50
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
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09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
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3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
5. 5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
Lega
l fra
mew
ork
deve
lope
d an
d im
plem
ente
d.
Con
serv
atio
n m
easu
res
prac
ticed
and
mon
itore
d.
Man
agem
ent s
yste
m in
pl
ace.
Inci
dent
s of b
reac
h of
law
re
duce
d.
Nat
ural
eco
-sys
tem
s re
stor
ed.
Are
a co
vere
d.
Fish
cul
ture
farm
s in
crea
sed.
Dem
and
for n
atur
al st
ock
decr
ease
d.
Regu
latio
ns in
pla
ce.
Redu
ctio
n of
pol
lutio
n in
co
asta
l are
a co
vere
d.
Exis
ting
lega
l fra
me
wor
k an
d Ex
istin
gco
nser
vatio
npr
actic
es
Exis
ting
Man
agem
ent
Plan
Avai
labl
eda
ta
Avai
labl
eda
ta 2
008
Regu
latio
nsin
Pla
ce
10%
100%
40%
Prev
ent c
oast
al a
nd m
arin
e po
llutio
n th
roug
h ap
prop
riat
e m
easu
res.
Act
ions
Impl
emen
t the
pro
visi
ons o
f th
e C
oast
al Z
one
Man
agem
ent
Plan
and
oth
er c
oast
al re
late
d la
ws a
nd re
gula
tions
.
Reha
bilit
ate
the
coas
tal a
nd
mar
ine
envi
ronm
ent a
ffect
ed
by T
suna
mi.
Prom
ote
the
cultu
re o
f mar
ine
andbrackishwaterfish
includ
ingornamentalfishto
redu
ce p
ress
ure
on n
atur
al
stoc
ks in
an
ecol
ogic
al so
und
man
ner.
Intr
oduc
e la
ws a
nd re
gula
tions
to
the
stru
ctur
es w
hich
are
fu
nctio
ning
in th
e To
uris
m
rela
ted
activ
ities
on
the
beac
hes.
50%
40%
100%
100%
M/F
&A
R
M/F
&A
R, C
CD
MEP
A, C
CD
, M
/NB&
EID
/N
ECC
DEP
/TA
ARP
-B
M/F
&A
R, D
oF,
NA
RA,
M/T
ouris
m,
SLTB
M/T
ouri
sm,
SLTB
90%
80%
51
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 4: Wise Use of the Coastal Belt and Sea Around
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
5.5
5.6
5.7
Cha
nge
from
en
viro
nmen
tally
de
trim
enta
l liv
elih
oods
to
alte
rnat
ive
ones
, som
etim
es
invo
lvin
g re
loca
tion
of
fam
ilies
livi
ng in
the
coas
tal a
reas
.
Fish
was
te m
anag
emen
t an
d di
spos
al sy
stem
es
tabl
ishe
d.
Prev
entiv
e m
easu
res t
aken
.
Avai
labl
eda
ta
Exis
ting
Syst
ams
Not
avai
labl
e
40%
50%
Intr
oduc
e al
tern
ativ
e liv
elih
oods
to re
duce
pre
ssur
e on
the
coas
tal a
nd m
arin
e en
viro
nmen
t.
Dev
elop
/int
rodu
ce
envi
ronm
enta
lly fr
iend
ly a
nd
econom
icallyviablefishwaste
disp
osal
syst
ems.
Prev
ent d
ispo
sal o
f haz
ardo
us
was
te in
clud
ing
was
te o
il anduntreatedeffluentsinto
aqua
tic e
nviro
nmen
t by
impr
ovin
g ex
istin
g sy
stem
s and
de
velo
ping
new
syst
ems.
40%
100%
100%
M/F
&A
R,
CC
D, U
DA
,
M/T
ouris
m,
SLTB
M/F
&A
R,
DoF
, M
/AD
&A
S
MEP
A
80%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
52
....
53
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
....
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
54
....
55
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 5: Responsibile Use of the Land Resources
....
For over two millennia, Sri Lanka’s society has been agrarian based. During the time of Sri Lanka’s ancient, famed hydraulic civilization, the rulers, while promoting agricultural development, recognized the importance of proper use of the land. In the undulating landscape of the dry zone, different areas were appropriately set apart for cultivation, for settlements, and for retention in forest cover. The changes that have taken place subsequently, mainly the birth of the crop plantation sector, the growth of the industrial sector, and the rapid rise in population with the consequential emergence of a wide range of social issues have led to a situation where the country’s vital land resource began to be heavily over-exploited, leading to land degradation.
In the agricultural landscape, paddy cultivation is the dominant feature and it has expanded considerably with the establishment of many major irrigation schemes. The tea, rubber and coconut plantations are next in importance. Chena cultivation, mainly in the dry zone, and vegetable gardens in the mid- and up-country contribute substantially to the food requirements of the people. In the industrial sector, the land resource is the base for the extraction of many different minerals. Strategies and actions forfulfillingthemissionhavetofocusonthemanyissuesrelatingtothedifferentformsoflanduse.
It is the agricultural sector that requires the greatest attention. Land improvement measures have to be adopted on an extensive scale to correct past malpractices. Improved land preparation and efficientirrigationandplantnutrientmanagementpracticeshavetobeputintoeffect.Thevegetable,potato and tobacco cultivations and the neglected tea lands in the hill country should be the target for the adoption of strict soil conservation measures for protecting the land as well as preventing the siltingofdownstreamreservoirs.Thescientificcapabilityhastobestrengthenedandeffectivelyusedto support the farmer in a variety of ways such as for proper crop selection, for promoting the use of crop and animal species that are resistant to pests and diseases, for adopting soil conservation measures, and by providing soil testing facilities. With the possibility of increased drought conditions resulting from climate change, there is need to develop drought resistant crop varieties. Chena cultivation causes continuing soil degradation and has to be replaced by a more productive and stable farming system.
Action needs to be taken to establish a forest cover in degraded and neglected cultivated land, particularly in upper watershed areas. Action will also be taken to improve management practices in natural forests and forest plantations.
In the mining sector, sand collection, particularly from river beds, will be strictly controlled. Measureswillbe taken tofindalternatives to river sandand foragreateruseofoff shore sand forbuilding construction. In all mining operations (e.g. gem mining) action will be taken to ensure that mined sites are rehabilitated.
The review of all land related laws and regulations with a view to strengthening their effectiveness in addressing land degradation problems and the revision and implementation of the National Physical Plan are among the other proposed actions.
miSSioN 5: reSPoNSible uSe
oF tHe laND reSourceS
Preamble
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 5: Responsibile Use of the Land Resources
56
....
1. Reduce land degradation in agricultural areas.
2. Rehabilitate deteriorated lands.
3. Develop and implement programmes for the use of non-cultivated agricultural lands.
4. Optimize soil conservation through mandatory & other measures.
5. Promoteprecisionfarming,traditionalveritiesofcropsandcropstofitagro-ecologicalcondition.
6. Conserve, restoring and improve important representative landscapes.
7. Integrate a system to restore, reclaim and rehabilitate mined areas
8. Carry out assessment on Forest cover of Sri Lanka, including different categories of forests.
9. Improve management of commercial plantations.
10. Promote the integrated management of upper watersheds.
11. Mitigate and adaptation to drought.
12. Review Land related Laws.
miSSioN 5: reSPoNSible uSe
oF tHe laND reSourceS
StrategieS
57
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 5: Responsibile Use of the Land Resources
....
Base
line
Shor
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ium
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09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
miS
Sio
N 5
: r
eSPo
NSi
ble u
Se o
F tH
e la
ND
reS
ou
rc
eS
ac
tio
NS
Are
a co
vere
d.
Are
a co
vere
d.
Num
berofsite-specific
reco
mm
enda
tions
.
Fund
s dis
burs
ed.
Are
a co
vere
d.
Are
a co
vere
d.
Redu
ctio
n of
pe
rcen
tage
of s
oil
eros
ion.
Researchfindingof
rele
vant
are
as.
Exte
nt o
f red
uced
land
de
grad
atio
n so
far
Prac
ticed
in
limite
d ar
eas
Pres
ent m
etho
d of
re
com
men
datio
n
Am
ount
of f
unds
di
strib
uted
in 2
007
Exte
nt c
over
ed in
200
7
Pres
ent i
rrig
atio
n m
anag
emen
nt p
ract
ices
Exis
ting
rese
arch
findings
10%
5% 25%
20%
20%
10%
5%
M/A
D&
AS
M/A
D&
AS,
D
oA
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S
M/A
D&
AS,
D
oA
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S
DoI
, DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S,M
/IW
M
DoA
, LU
PPD
,M
/AD
&A
S
Red
uce
land
deg
rada
tion
in
agri
cultu
ral a
reas
.
Act
ions
Prom
ote
min
imum
tilla
ge
prac
tices
.
Sele
ct a
nd re
com
men
d cr
ops
acco
rdin
g to
the
land
cla
ss.
Prov
ide
ince
ntiv
es fo
r un
dert
akin
g of
land
impr
ovem
ent
mea
sure
s.
Intr
oduc
e in
tegr
ated
pla
nt
nutri
ent m
anag
emen
t pra
ctic
es.
Intr
oduc
e be
tter i
rrig
atio
n m
anag
emen
t pra
ctice
s/te
chno
logi
esto
redu
ce so
il er
osio
n.
Con
duct
furt
her r
esea
rch
stud
ies
on so
il fe
rtili
ty im
prov
emen
t m
easu
res,
cons
erva
tion
farm
ing
prac
tices
, hom
e ga
rden
mod
els
and
agro
fore
stry
syst
ems,
incl
udin
g liv
esto
ck.
30%
10%
40%
30%
30%
25%
10%
100%
15%
50%
50%
50%
50%
1. 1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 5: Responsibile Use of the Land Resources
58
....
Base
line
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Med
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09-1
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Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
2. 2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
3. 3.1
Reh
abili
tate
det
erio
rate
d la
nds.
Act
ions
Reha
bilit
ate
salin
e-af
fect
ed
land
s.
Impr
ove
drai
nage
syst
ems i
n lo
w-ly
ing
agric
ultu
ral l
and.
Reha
bilit
ate
exis
ting
solid
was
te
dum
ping
site
s and
pre
vent
fu
rthe
r con
tam
inat
ion.
Prep
are
a na
tiona
l act
ion
plan
tore
plac
e ch
ena
culti
vatio
n w
ith a
su
stai
nabl
e fa
rmin
g sy
stem
.
Prom
ote
the
plan
am
ong
farm
ers
and
prov
ide
ince
ntiv
es to
the
farm
ers t
o im
plem
ent t
he p
lan.
Dev
elop
and
impl
emen
t pr
ogra
mm
es fo
r the
use
of
non-
culti
vate
d ag
ricu
ltura
l la
nds.
Act
ions
Cul
tivat
e ab
ando
ned
padd
y la
nds.
Are
a C
over
ed.
Are
a re
habi
litat
ed.
Are
a im
prov
ed.
Num
ber o
f site
s re
habi
litat
ed.
Act
ion
plan
pre
pare
d.
Farm
ers c
hang
ing
thei
r pr
actic
es.
Aw
aren
ess c
ampa
igns
.
Num
ber o
f Pro
gram
mes
im
plem
ente
d.
Are
a cu
ltiva
ted.
Exte
nt re
habi
litat
ed
in 2
007
Exte
nt o
f sal
ine
affe
cted
land
re
habi
litat
ed 2
007
Pres
ent d
rain
age
syst
ems i
n lo
w li
ne
agric
ultu
ral
land
s
Avai
labl
e da
ta 2
007
Not
Ava
ilabl
e
Pres
ent f
arm
ing
prac
tices
Aba
ndon
ed
agric
ultu
re
land
ext
ent
Exte
nt c
ultiv
ated
in
2007
5% 2% 5% 25%
100%
10%
5%
10%
5% 10%
60%
25%
30%
10%
25%
10%
15%
35%
50%
25%
M/A
D&
AS
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S
DoA
, M
/AD
&A
S
PCs,
LA
s, C
EA,
WM
A, B
OI,
M/I
D, M
/E&
NR,
M/P
C&
LG
M/A
D&
AS,
DoA
M
/NB&
EID
M/A
D&
AS,
DoA
, M
/NB&
IED
, SL
SA, M
/S&
PE
M/A
D&
AS
M/A
D&
AS,
DoA
, M
/NB&
EID
59
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line
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espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
3.2
4. 4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
Prom
ote
ince
ntiv
e pr
ogra
mm
es.
Opt
imiz
e so
il co
nser
vatio
n th
roug
h m
anda
tory
& o
ther
m
easu
res.
Act
ions
Exte
nd a
rea
of la
ndsl
ide
haza
rdm
appi
ng b
y N
BRO
as n
eces
sary
to
ens
ure
full
cove
rage
of s
uch
area
s in
Sri L
anka
.
Impr
ove
and
diss
emin
ate
guid
elin
es fo
r soi
l con
serv
atio
n.
Esta
blis
h C
omm
ittee
s of
repr
esen
tativ
es fr
om re
leva
nt
auth
oriti
es.
Rest
rict f
urth
er se
ttlem
ents
, cu
ltiva
tion
or o
ther
hum
an
activ
ity in
clud
ing
road
& ra
ilway
constructioninareasidentifi
ed
as h
ighl
y la
ndsl
ide
pron
e ar
eas.
Div
ert a
par
t of t
he ta
xes l
evie
d on
expo
rt of
pla
ntat
ion
prod
ucts
,especiallytea,tofinancingsoil
cons
erva
tion
mea
sure
s in
stea
d of
cutti
ng d
own
the s
ubsid
ies o
fpl
ante
rs w
ho d
o no
t ado
pt so
il co
nser
vatio
n m
easu
res.
Num
ber o
f inc
entiv
e pr
ogra
mm
es p
rom
oted
.
Legi
slat
ion
enac
ted
and
exte
nt o
f soi
l con
serv
atio
n m
easu
res e
xpan
ded.
Add
ition
al m
appi
ng
com
plet
ed.
Gui
delin
es im
prov
ed &
di
ssem
inat
ed.
Com
mitt
ee a
ppoi
nted
and
m
onito
ring
mec
hani
sm
esta
blis
hed.
Regu
latio
ns in
pla
ce.
Asu
stainablefinancing
syst
em in
pla
ce
(Sus
tain
able
Sub
sidy
Sc
hem
e).
Avai
labl
e pr
ogra
mm
es
Soil
Con
serv
atio
n A
ct
Dat
a 20
07
Soil
Con
serv
atio
nm
aste
r pla
ns
Com
mitt
ees
esta
blis
hed
Avai
labl
e re
gula
tions
&
Act
s
Pres
ent m
etho
d of
taxi
ng
10%
15%
50%
10%
75%
75%
20%
25%
25%
20%
80%
80%
40%
40%
35%
100%
M/A
D&
AS
, D
oA, M
ASL
M/A
D&
AS
NBR
O,
M/L
&LD
, D
MC
,M
/DM
&H
R
M/A
D&
AS
,N
RMC
of D
oA,
LUPP
D
M/A
D&
AS,
LU
PPD
, DoA
,D
is. S
ecs
LUPP
D,
Dis
. Sec
s,
M/L
&LD
M/F
&P,
M/L
&LD
,M
/PI
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 5: Responsibile Use of the Land Resources
60
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R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
4.6
5. 5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
Prom
ote
high
qua
lity
orga
nic
fert
ilize
r.
Prom
ote
prec
isio
n fa
rmin
g,
trad
ition
al v
arie
ties
of c
rops
an
d cr
ops
to fi
t agr
o-ec
olog
ical
co
nditi
on.
Act
ions
Intr
oduc
e m
obile
soil
test
ing
labo
rato
ry se
rvic
es b
efor
e cu
ltiva
tion
seas
ons.
Prom
ote
labo
rato
ry se
rvic
es
to c
heck
the
soil
nutr
ient
re
quire
men
t and
asc
erta
in w
hat
fert
ilize
rs a
nd c
hem
ical
s are
re
quire
d to
mee
t it.
Iden
tify
trad
ition
al c
rop
and
anim
al sp
ecie
s tha
t are
resi
stan
t to
pes
ts a
nd d
isea
ses.
Iden
tify
area
s whe
re su
ch c
rops
co
uld
be c
ultiv
ated
effe
ctiv
ely.
Prom
ote
culti
vatio
n of
such
sp
ecie
s in
suita
ble
area
s.
Practicecropzoningprinciples;
e.g.
one
cro
p - o
ne v
illag
e.
Intr
oduc
e C
rop
Rota
tion.
Incr
ease
d us
e of
org
anic
fe
rtili
zer.
Mea
sure
s Tak
en.
Mob
ile la
b se
rvic
e in
op
erat
ion.
Farm
ers t
estin
g so
il an
d us
ing
fert
ilize
rs a
nd
chem
ical
s as p
er re
quire
men
t.
Cro
ps a
nd a
nim
al sp
ecie
s identifi
ed.
Are
a m
ap fo
r cul
tivat
ing
trad
ition
al v
arie
ties.
Prom
otio
n ca
mpa
igns
.Tr
aditi
onal
cro
ps c
ultiv
ated
in
suita
ble
loca
tions
.N
umbe
r of c
rop
villa
ges
esta
blis
hed.
Are
a pl
ante
d un
der c
rop
zoni
ng.
Are
a cu
ltiva
ted.
Pres
ent
prac
tices
Not
Av
aila
ble
Not
Av
aila
ble
Exis
ting
prac
tices
Avai
labl
e in
form
atio
n
Avai
labl
e in
form
atio
n
Avai
labl
e in
form
atio
n
Not
Av
aila
ble
Exis
ting
prac
tices
10%
10%
15%
25%
50%
25%
10%
3% 75%
25%
15%
30%
30%
65%
50%
35%
7% 90%
50%
25%
50%
75%
75%
55%
20%
95%
M/A
D&
AS
,D
oA, M
/NB&
EID
M/A
D&
AS
DoA
,
M/A
D&
AS
DoA
,
M
/AD
&A
S
DoA
,
M/A
D&
AS
DoA
,
M/A
D&
AS
DoA
,
M/A
D&
AS
DoA
,
M
/NB&
EID
,M
/AD
&A
S
DoA
,
M
/AD
&A
S
61
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espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
6. 6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
Con
serv
e, re
stor
ing
and
impr
ove
impo
rtan
t re
pres
enta
tive
land
scap
es.
Act
ions
Prep
are
Land
scap
e C
hara
cter
M
ap/s
and
reco
mm
enda
tions
fo
r who
le is
land
.
Revi
se n
atio
nal,
regi
onal
and
loca
l lev
el p
hysi
cal
pl
ans w
here
nec
essa
ry.
Form
ulat
e &
take
act
ion
to
impl
emen
t rev
ised
pla
ns.
Esta
blis
hmen
t of e
nviro
nmen
tal
Reso
urce
Info
rmat
ion
syst
em
usin
g G
IS te
chno
logy
.
Intr
oduc
e St
rate
gic
En
viro
nmen
tal A
sses
smen
ts
(SEA
) for
maj
or d
evel
opm
ent
prog
ram
mes
/Pla
ns/P
olic
ies.
Land
scap
e ch
arac
ter m
ap
prep
ared
and
used
in n
atio
nal
regi
onal
and
loca
l lev
el
phys
ical
pla
nnin
g an
d la
ndsc
ape c
onse
rvat
ion
on g
oing
.
Land
scap
e Cha
racte
r Map
/spr
epar
ed a
nd re
leva
nt
reco
mm
enda
tions
for
revi
sion
of e
xist
ing
phys
ical
pla
ns m
ade.
Revi
sion
of p
lans
co
mpl
eted
.
On-
goin
g im
plem
enta
tion
of a
ctio
ns re
quire
d ow
ing
to re
visi
on o
f phy
sica
l pl
ans.
Envi
ronm
ent r
esou
rce
info
rmat
ion
syst
em
esta
blis
hed.
SEA
intro
duce
d.
Dat
a 20
07
Som
e w
ork
done
by
CC
Dw
ith
UoM
Pres
ently
av
aila
ble
plan
s
Dat
a 20
07
Avai
labl
e re
sour
ces
info
rmat
ion
syst
em
Dat
a 20
07
20%
Map
&
reco
mm
end
-atio
ns
read
y by
201
0
50%
50%
rele
vant
re
visi
on o
f ph
ysic
alpl
ans
com
plet
ed b
y 20
12
50%
rele
vant
actio
ns b
eing
im
plem
ente
dby
201
3
40%
15%
100%
100%
re
leva
nt
revi
sion
of p
hysi
cal
plan
s co
mpl
eted
by 2
015
100%
rele
vant
ac
tions
bei
ngim
plem
ente
dby
201
6
75%
45%
M/U
D&
SAD
M/U
D&
SAD
,U
DA
NPP
D, U
DA
, M
/UD
&SA
D
NPP
D, U
DA
&al
l oth
er re
levan
t D
epar
tmen
ts,
M/U
D&
SAD
CEA
,M
/E&
NR
CEA
,M/E
&N
R,
othe
r age
ncie
s do
ing
deve
lop
-men
t act
iviti
es
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 5: Responsibile Use of the Land Resources
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Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
6.6
6.7
7. 7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.7
Iden
tify
geol
ogic
ally
uni
que
site
s and
dec
lare
them
as
pres
erve
d ar
eas.
Revi
se &
impl
emen
t Nat
iona
l Ph
ysic
al P
lan.
Inte
grat
e a
syst
em to
rest
ore,
re
clai
m a
nd re
habi
litat
e m
ined
are
as.
Act
ions
Intr
oduc
e &
enf
orce
stric
ter
legi
slat
ion
incl
udin
g se
vere
pe
nalti
es fo
r def
ault
in
reha
bilit
atio
n of
min
ed a
reas
.
Esta
blis
h a
mon
itorin
g co
mm
ittee
/squ
ad fo
r eac
h di
stric
t, to
mon
itor c
ompl
ianc
e.C
arry
out
furt
her r
esea
rch
on
alte
rnat
ives
to ri
ver s
and.
Prom
ote
use
of a
ltern
ativ
es to
riv
er sa
nd th
roug
h aw
aren
ess
and
mak
ing
it ea
sier
for t
he
cons
umer
s to
reac
h th
em.
Stric
tly im
plem
ent r
ules
and
re
gula
tions
on
sand
min
ing.
Impl
emen
t Nat
iona
l San
d Po
licy.
All
uniq
ue si
tes d
ecla
red.
Revi
sed
Nat
iona
l Phy
sica
l Pl
an g
azet
ted
& b
eing
use
d.
Regu
latio
ns im
prov
ed.
Mon
itorin
g sy
stem
in p
lace
an
d la
nd d
egra
datio
n du
e to
m
inin
g re
duce
d. Pr
opor
tion
of re
leva
nt p
roje
cts
carr
ying
out
succ
essf
ul
reha
bilit
atio
n an
nual
ly.
Mon
itorin
g co
mm
ittee
s/sq
uads
est
ablis
hed.
Furt
her a
ltern
ativ
es to
rive
r sa
nd fo
und.
Aw
aren
ess c
ampa
igns
.C
onsu
mer
frie
ndly
del
iver
y of
al
tern
ativ
es.
Impl
emen
tatio
n m
echa
nism
s in
pla
ce w
ith st
rong
inst
itutio
ns.
Sand
Pol
icy
inco
rpor
ated
in
othe
r pro
gram
mes
.
Site
s identifi
ed
in 2
007
Avai
labl
e pl
an
2007
Exis
ting
syst
em
Avai
labl
e le
gisl
atio
n
Pres
ent
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
Avai
labl
e re
sear
ch
findings
Dat
a 20
07
Pres
ent
m
etho
d of
im
plem
enta
tion
Sand
pol
icy
75%
70%
30%
30%
by
201
0
30%
20%
12%
40%
25%
M/E
&N
R,
GSM
B
NPP
D
M/E
&N
R
GSM
B, G
JA,
SLLR
DC
, N
ERD
,
M
/E&
NR
GSM
B, G
JA,
CEA
,M/E
&N
R
ICTA
D,
Uni
vers
ities
, G
SMB,
NBR
O,
CEA
, M/E
&N
RM
/E&
NR
, C
EA, I
CTA
D,
Pv
t. Se
ctor
, NBR
O
GSM
B,
M/E
&N
R, D
oP
GSM
B,
M/E
&N
R, C
EA
60%
60%
by
201
3
55%
27%
100%
100%
by 2
016
63
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 5: Responsibile Use of the Land Resources
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R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
7.8
8. 8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
9. 9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
10.
Prom
ote
use
of se
a sa
nd.
Car
ry o
ut a
sses
smen
t of F
ores
t co
ver o
f Sri
Lan
ka, i
nclu
ding
di
ffer
ent c
ateg
orie
s of
fore
sts.
Act
ions
Purc
hase
Sat
ellit
e Im
ager
ies.
Prep
are
guid
elin
es.
Inte
rpre
tatio
n.
Estim
atio
n of
diff
eren
t ca
tego
ries o
f for
ests
.
Impr
ove
man
agem
ent o
f co
mm
erci
al p
lant
atio
ns.
Act
ions
Surv
ey P
lant
atio
ns &
Pre
pare
M
aps.
Take
Pre
& P
ost F
ellin
g In
vent
ory.
Silv
icul
tura
l tre
atm
ents
.
Upd
atin
g m
aps.
Reg
ener
atio
n.Pr
omot
e th
e in
tegr
ated
m
anag
emen
t of u
pper
w
ater
shed
s.
Volu
me
of se
a sa
nd is
sued
to
mar
ket f
or c
onst
ruct
ion.
Are
a C
over
ed.
Sate
llite
imag
erie
s pur
chas
ed.
Gui
delin
es p
repa
red.
Gui
delin
es in
terp
rete
d.
Diff
eren
t cat
egor
ies o
f
fore
sts e
stim
ated
.
Are
a C
over
ed.
Surv
eyed
Pla
ntat
ions
&
prep
are
Plan
tatio
n M
aps.
Upd
ate
plan
tatio
n D
atab
ase.
Trea
tmen
t Pla
ntat
ions
.
Upd
ated
Map
s.
New
Pla
ntat
ions
.
Mea
sure
s tak
en.
Are
a co
vere
d.
Dat
a 20
07
Pres
ent
asse
ssm
ents
av
aila
ble
Dat
a 20
07
Avai
labl
e gu
idel
ines
Pres
ent
met
hod
of
inte
rpre
tatio
n Pr
esen
t
ca
tego
rizat
ion
Dat
a 20
07
Dat
a 20
07
Dat
a 20
07
Dat
a 20
07Av
aila
ble
map
sD
ata
2007
Avai
labl
e pl
ans
and
data
.
20%
75%
65%
80%
-90%
75%
-80%
60%
62%
60%
70%
50%
60%
40%
10%
SLLR
DC
M/E
&N
R
DFC
,M/E
&N
R
DFC
,M/E
&N
R
DFC
,M/E
&N
R
DFC
,M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R
DFC
,M/E
&N
R
DFC
,M/E
&N
R
DFC
,M/E
&N
R
DFC
,M/E
&N
R
DFC
,M/E
&N
RM
/E&
NR
80%
30%
70%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 5: Responsibile Use of the Land Resources
64
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line
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ium
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6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
Act
ions
Dev
elop
mas
ter p
lan
to in
tegr
ate
catc
hmen
ts
cons
erva
tion
prac
tices
for
impo
rtan
t wat
ersh
eds.
Iden
tify
degr
aded
or
degr
adat
ion
pron
e ar
eas
and
regu
lariz
e or
relo
cate
en
croa
cher
s and
settl
ers a
s the
ca
se m
ay b
e.
Prom
ote
on-fa
rm a
nd o
ff-fa
rm
soil
and
wat
er c
onse
rvat
ion
mea
sure
s in
criti
cal w
ater
shed
ar
eas.
Prom
ote
and
stre
ngth
en
coor
dina
tion
amon
g di
ffere
nt
orga
niza
tions
dea
ling
with
la
nd a
nd w
ater
man
agem
ent
prac
tices
.
Prom
ote
part
icip
ator
y ap
proa
ches
to la
nd re
sour
ces
man
agem
ent.
Iden
tify
hill
coun
try
area
s w
hich
are
uns
uita
ble
for
farm
ing
alth
ough
farm
ing
prac
tices
are
goi
ng o
n.
Iden
tify
alte
rnat
ive
farm
ing
prac
tices
and
land
s.
Dev
elop
ed M
aste
r Pla
ns.
Relo
catio
n of
peo
ple
who
liv
e in
sens
itive
are
as.
Prac
ticin
g w
ater
and
soil
cons
erva
tion
mea
sure
s in
criti
cal w
ater
shed
are
as.
Coo
rdin
atio
n be
twee
n di
ffere
nt o
rgan
izat
ion
deal
ing
with
land
and
wat
er
man
agem
ent p
ract
ices
.
Incr
easi
ng th
e nu
mbe
r of
part
icip
atio
n.
Vulnerableareasidentifi
ed.
Are
as w
ith fa
rmin
g practicesidentifi
ed.
Alte
rnat
ive
farm
ing
prac
tices
and
land
s identifi
ed.
Avai
labl
e pl
ans
Dat
a 20
07
Exis
ting
Prac
tices
Pres
ent
met
hod
of
coor
dina
tion
Dat
a 20
07
Dat
a 20
07
Dat
a 20
07
25%
40%
5%
45%
- 50%
5%
100%
40%
60%
60%
65%
-75%
40%
5%-1
0%
60%
75%
80%
60%
M/A
D&
AS,
M
/E&
NR
LUPP
D,
M/E
&N
R, S
D,
M/L
&LD
DoA
, NG
Os,
CBO
s,
M
/AD
&A
S
M/A
D&
AS,
M
/E&
NR,
M
/L&
LD
M/ L
&LD
, N
RMC
, D
FC, D
oA,
M/A
D&
AS
M/L
&LD
, LU
PPD
, DM
C,
M/D
M&
HR
DoA
, LU
PPD
,M
/AD
&A
S
65
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 5: Responsibile Use of the Land Resources
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
11.
11.1
11.2
11.3
12.
12.1
12.2
Shift
farm
ers f
rom
cur
rent
pr
actic
es to
sust
aina
ble
farm
ing
prac
tices
.
Miti
gate
and
ada
ptat
ion
to
drou
ght.
Act
ions
Prom
ote
wat
er c
onse
rvat
ion
prac
tices
and
dom
estic
ra
inw
ater
har
vest
ing.
Impr
ove
the
faci
litie
s at t
he
rese
arch
invo
lved
resi
stan
t cr
op v
eriti
es a
nd a
ppro
pria
te
tech
nolo
gies
. In
tegr
ate
conc
ept/
char
acte
ristic
s of a
gre
en
villa
ge in
to th
e vi
llage
m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
.
Rev
iew
Lan
d re
late
d La
ws.
Act
ions
Revi
ew a
ll ex
istin
g la
nd
rela
ted
law
s and
regu
latio
ns
and
asse
sses
lega
l im
pact
on
land
deg
rada
tion
and
sugg
ests
ne
cess
ary
chan
ges.
Expl
ore
the
poss
ibili
ty o
f de
velo
ping
an
umbr
ella
fr
amew
ork
law
to d
eal w
ith
land
rela
ted
issu
es in
a m
anne
r.
Farm
ers m
ovin
g to
al
tern
ate
land
s and
/or
agric
ultu
ral c
rops
.
Mea
sure
s tak
en.
Num
ber o
f rai
nwat
er
harv
estin
g ta
nks
esta
blis
hed
in a
rea.
Impr
ove
the
faci
litie
s in
rese
arch
cen
ter.
Cov
erag
e.N
umbe
r of v
illag
es.
Num
ber o
f Law
s rev
iew
ed.
Revi
ew th
e ex
istin
g la
ws.
Dev
elop
ed u
mbr
ella
Fr
amew
ork
law
.
Pres
ent
farm
ing
prac
tices
Exis
ting
Prac
tices
Num
ber
of ta
nks
esta
blis
hed
in
2007
Avai
labl
e fa
cilit
ies
in re
sear
ch
cent
ers
Exis
ting
villa
gem
anag
emen
t sy
stem
sAv
aila
ble
law
s
Avai
labl
e la
ws
Avai
labl
e la
w
20%
10%
5% o
f ex
istin
g ta
nks
2% 2%
25%
25%
15%
of
exis
ting
tank
s
10%
10%
50%
50%
40%
of
exis
ting
tank
s
25%
25%
90%
90%
80%
M/A
D&
AS,
DoA
LU
PPD
, Dis
. Sec
s,M
/NB&
EID
/G
aman
gum
a Pr
ogra
mm
eM
/AD
&A
S
DoA
, PC
s,
M/A
D&
AS
DoA
, M/A
D&
AS
M/N
B&EI
D/
Gam
angu
ma
Prog
ram
me
M/E
&N
R
M/L
&LD
M/L
&LD
10.8
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
66
....
67
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
....
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
68
....
69
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 6: Doing Away with the Dumps
....
Solid waste is generated by households, commercial and industrial establishments, markets, etc. Over the years, the proper disposal of this waste has proved to be an intractable problem despite the manyeffortsthathavebeenmadetoaddressit;hencetheunsightlyandenvironmentallydegradingwaste dumps that are a common sight. The generation of waste is primarily an urban phenomenon, and the high rate of urbanization will continue to pose a growing challenge to the local authorities who are responsible for the collection and disposal of waste. Current developments such as the use of polythene and other non-degradable packaging material, the discarding of growing quantities of used electrical and electronic equipment, the increasing discharge of clinical waste, and the entry into the country of e-wasteintheguiseofresourcesarefactorsthathavecollectivelyaddedtothedifficultiesinresolvingthe problem of waste management.
Many forms of waste (e.g. discarded electronic equipment and clinical waste) are potentially hazardous. The indiscriminate dumping of hazardous material with other solid waste can pose a threat to those who engage in handling and picking waste while also exposing the people living in the area to a variety of communicable diseases.
At present nearly all of the solid waste collected by the local authorities is unloaded at dump sites orusedforlandfill.Noattemptismadetosegregatethematerialatthesourceintowhatishazardous,what is recyclable, and what can be treated (e.g. for composting), while leaving only the remaining part tobeusedforlandfill.Aseriousproblemfacinglocalauthoritiesistheacuteshortageoflandforwastedisposal. Hence the use of whatever land that is available in a more economical manner will help to ease theproblembyprolongingthelifespanofthelandfillsite.Itisexpectedthatthepilisaruprogrammedeveloped in line with the national policy on solid waste management will accelerate the integrated approach to addressing this problem. Farms could adopt a variety of measures to reduce the generation of waste such as promoting the production and use of organic fertilizer and reducing post harvest losses.
In the industrial sector, the production of waste can be reduced considerably through “life cycle management” where minimizing the generation and reducing the toxicity of waste is factored into the designing, manufacturing, consumption and disposal of a product. The “polluter pays principle” should also be enforced to ensure environmentally sound treatment and disposal of industrial solid waste. The accumulation of hazardous wastes in the non-hazardous waste stream has to be avoided and the management of hazardous waste improved.
Local Authorities need to strengthen their institutional mechanisms for solid waste management. Newinitiativesareneeded–obtainingcommunityparticipation;segregatingwasteatthesourceandsettingupmechanismstodealwiththedifferentcategoriesofwaste;andintegratingcollectionsites,storagesites,andlandfillsites.Arangeofactionsareproposedfordealingwiththewastemanagementissues and doing away with the dumps.
miSSioN 6: DoiNg away witH tHe DumPS
Preamble
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 6: Doing Away with the Dumps
70
....
1. Promote Life Cycle management of waste.
2. Strengthen the institutional mechanism for solid waste management in every Local Authority.
3. Establish necessary infrastructure for solid waste management in each Local Authority or adopt appropriate alternative methods.
4. Prevent accumulation of Hazardous Wastes in to the non hazardous wastes streams.
5. Apply Polluter Pay Principle and environmentally sound treatment and disposal of industrial solid waste.
6. Apply zero waste concepts in agricultural farms.
miSSioN 6: DoiNg away witH tHe DumPS
StrategieS
71
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 6: Doing Away with the Dumps
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
M/E
&N
R
CEA
,M
/E&
NR,
LA
s, M
/PC
&LG
, W
MA
, M/I
D,
BOI,
PCs
CEA
,M
/E&
NR,
LA
s, W
MA
, BO
I, M
/ID
,
M
/PC
&LG
, PC
s
M/P
C&
LG
50%
50%
100%
100%
miS
Sio
N 6
: D
oiN
g a
way
wit
H t
He D
um
PS
ac
tio
NS
100%
1. 1.1
1.2
2.
Prom
ote
Life
Cyc
le
man
agem
ent o
f was
te.
Act
ions
Prom
ote
life
cycl
e m
anag
emen
t in
des
igni
ng, m
anuf
actu
ring,
co
nsum
ptio
n an
d di
spos
al o
f pr
oduc
ts, b
ased
on
prin
cipl
es
of su
stai
nabl
e co
nsum
ptio
n an
d pr
oduc
tion.
Inte
grat
e st
rate
gies
to p
reve
nt,
redu
ce, r
e-us
e an
d re
cycl
ing
beforetreatmentandfinal
disp
osal
of w
aste
and
ens
ure
treatmentandfinaldisposalof
resi
dual
was
te.
Stre
ngth
en th
e in
stitu
tiona
l m
echa
nism
for s
olid
was
te
man
agem
ent i
n ev
ery
Loca
l A
utho
rity
.
Num
ber o
f pos
sibl
e w
aste
st
ream
s cov
ered
.
Num
ber o
f was
te st
ream
s co
vere
d un
der L
ife C
ycle
M
anag
emen
t. (L
CM
)N
umbe
r of m
ajor
was
te
stre
ams t
hat c
an b
e co
nsid
ered
fo
r LC
M 2
008.
The
coun
try
is fr
ee fr
om w
aste
du
mps
.
Mea
sure
s tak
en to
stre
ngth
en
the
inst
itutio
nal m
echa
nism
.
Exis
ting
Life
C
ycle
M
anag
emen
t Pr
actic
es
Exis
ting
syst
ems i
n pl
ace
Exi
stin
gst
rate
gies
avai
labl
e
Exis
ting
mec
hani
sms
20%
20%
40%
50%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 6: Doing Away with the Dumps
72
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
2.1
2.2
2.3
3. 3.1
Act
ions
Stre
ngth
en th
e i
nstit
utio
nal
mec
hani
sm to
invo
lve
resi
dent
s in
divi
dual
ly a
nd c
olle
ctiv
ely
in
SWM
.
Set t
arge
ts, M
onito
r Pro
gres
s an
d ta
ke c
olle
ctiv
e ac
tion
to
brid
ge g
aps.
Con
duct
surv
eys,
com
mun
ity
educ
atio
n an
d aw
aren
ess
prog
ram
s on
was
te m
inim
izat
ion
segr
egat
ion,
recy
clin
g an
d co
mpo
stin
g an
d se
t tar
gets
to
achi
eve
the
desi
red
obje
ctiv
e.
Esta
blis
h ne
cess
ary
in
fras
truc
ture
for s
olid
was
te
man
agem
ent i
n ea
ch L
ocal
A
utho
rity
or a
dopt
app
ropr
iate
al
tern
ativ
e m
etho
ds.
Act
ions
Inte
grat
e co
llect
ion
site
s, storagesitesandlandfillsites
in e
very
Loc
al A
utho
rity
deve
lopm
ent p
lan.
A su
itabl
e in
stitu
tiona
l m
echa
nism
in p
lace
.N
umbe
r of L
As c
over
ed.
Num
ber o
f tar
gets
ach
ieve
d to
pre
vent
, red
uce,
recy
cle
treatmentandfinaldisposal
of w
aste
in a
n
envi
ronm
enta
lly so
und
man
ner.
Num
ber o
f was
te
man
agem
ent s
yste
ms i
n pl
ace
in e
ach
LA a
reas
.
Infra
stru
ctur
e fac
ilitie
s es
tabl
ished
in a
ll Lo
cal
Aut
horit
ies.
Avai
labi
lity
of a
lega
lly
enfo
rcea
ble
phys
ical
pla
n sh
owin
g si
tes f
or so
lid
was
te m
anag
emen
t.
Exis
ting
Impl
emen
tatio
nm
echa
nism
Exis
ting
syst
ems i
npl
ace
Surv
eyre
port
sav
aila
ble
Faci
litie
sav
aila
ble
Exis
ting
plan
s
60%
50%
100%
20%
40%
100%
100%
70%
100%
100%
M/P
C&
LG, L
As,
PCs
M/P
C&
LG, L
As,
CEA
, M/E
&N
R,
PCs
CEA
, LA
s, M
/PC
&LG
, M
/E&
NR,
PC
s
M/P
C&
LG
LAs
in
cons
ulta
tion
with
th
e U
DA
, RD
A,
CEA
, M/E
&N
R,
M/S
D&
SAD
, PC
s
73
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 6: Doing Away with the Dumps
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
Designlandfillshavingcapacity
for a
t lea
st 1
0 ye
ars,
and
exte
nd
thei
r life
span
thro
ugh
min
imiz
ing
and
treat
men
t opt
ions
.
Esta
blish
appr
opria
te in
frastr
uctu
re
for i
nteg
rate
was
te m
anag
emen
t sy
stem
.
Prev
ent a
ccum
ulat
ion
of
Haz
ardo
us W
aste
s in
to th
e no
n ha
zard
ous w
aste
s stre
ams.
Act
ions
For
mul
ate l
egisl
atio
n to
effe
ct b
uy
back
of u
sed
elec
troni
c ite
ms.
Dev
elop
gui
delin
es fo
r en
viro
nmen
tally
soun
d re
sour
ce
colle
ctio
n, re
cove
ry a
nd d
ispos
al
of e-
was
te.
Form
ulat
e leg
islat
ion
to p
reve
nt
e-w
aste
ente
ring
the c
ount
ry in
th
e gui
se o
f res
ourc
es.
Form
ulat
e gui
delin
es to
di
stin
guish
e-w
aste
from
usa
ble
e-ite
ms.
Des
igns
and
feas
ibili
ty
stud
ies f
or th
e in
fras
truc
ture
for w
aste
m
anag
emen
t.
Col
lect
ion
syst
em, s
tora
ge
cent
ers,
recy
clin
g pl
ants
, co
mpo
stin
g pl
ants
, oth
er
suita
ble
proc
essi
ng p
lant
s andlandfillsavailable.
Haz
ardo
us W
aste
s M
anag
emen
t sys
tem
s in
plac
e.
Legi
slat
ion
in p
lace
.
Gui
delin
es in
pla
ce.
Legi
slat
ion
to c
ontr
ol
e-w
aste
in p
lace
.
Gui
delin
es to
iden
tify
e-w
aste
dev
elop
ed a
nd
impl
emen
ted.
Fea
sibi
lity
stud
ies
avai
labl
e
Exi
stin
gsy
stem
avai
labl
e
Exis
ting
Syst
em
Not
avai
labl
e
Exis
ting
mec
hani
sm
Exis
ting
impo
rt co
ntro
l sy
stem
Not
ava
ilabl
e
100%
10%
10%
100%
100%
100%
100%
40%
60%
100%
100%
CEA
, LA
s ,
M/P
C&
LG,
PCs
LAs
,
M
/PC
&LG
, C
EA, P
Cs
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R,
CEA
, CPA
,
M/T
MD
C&
CA
CEA
,M
/E&
NR
M/E
&N
R,
DoI
EC, C
EA
M/E
&N
R,C
EA
3.2
3.3
4. 4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 6: Doing Away with the Dumps
74
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
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ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
Esta
blis
h H
CW
M u
nits
at a
ll majorhospitals,w
ithsp
ecific
man
date
s.
Mai
ntai
n th
e pe
rfor
man
ce o
f the
H
ealth
car
e W
aste
Man
agem
ent
polic
ies a
nd ta
ke c
olle
ctiv
e ac
tions
to b
ridge
gap
s.
Esta
blis
h pu
blic
-priv
ate
sect
or p
artn
ersh
ips t
o ob
tain
se
rvic
es fo
r haz
ardo
us w
aste
m
anag
emen
t.
App
ly P
ollu
ter P
ay P
rinc
iple
an
d en
viro
nmen
tally
sou
nd
trea
tmen
t and
dis
posa
l of
indu
stri
al s
olid
was
te.
Act
ions
Form
ulat
e le
gisl
atio
n to
pre
vent
re
leas
e of
unt
reat
ed li
quid
was
te
into
the
envi
ronm
ent w
ith th
e co
st re
cove
ry m
echa
nism
.
Dev
elop
gui
delin
es to
pre
vent
po
llutio
n of
land
and
wat
er d
ue
to se
wag
e ba
sed
on P
ollu
ter
Pays
Prin
cipl
e.
App
ly z
ero
was
te c
once
pts
in
agri
cultu
ral f
arm
s.
HC
WM
uni
ts e
stab
lishe
d
at
all
maj
or h
ospi
tals
.
Hea
lth C
are
was
te
Man
agem
ent s
yste
m in
pl
ace
in m
ajor
hos
pita
ls a
nd
impl
emen
ted.
Cov
erag
e.
Cos
t effe
ctiv
e ha
zard
ous
was
te m
anag
emen
t
sy
stem
.
Num
ber o
f app
licat
ions
.
Legi
slat
ion
to p
reve
nt re
leas
e of
unt
reat
ed se
wag
e in
to th
e en
viro
nmen
t with
cost
reco
very
mec
hani
sms i
n pl
ace.
Gui
delin
es fo
r rel
ease
of
sew
age
to e
nviro
nmen
t in
prio
ritiz
ed se
ctor
s dev
elop
ed.
Num
ber o
f Agr
icul
tura
l fa
rms w
ith z
ero
was
te
man
agem
ent s
yste
ms.
Exis
ting
units
Av
aila
ble
Pres
ent
mon
itorin
g sc
hem
es
and
gaps
Exis
ting
syst
ems
Avai
labl
e sc
hem
es
Load
Bas
ed
Lice
nse
Sche
me
Avai
labl
e gu
idel
ines
Succ
ess
stor
ies &
fa
ilure
s (2
008)
20%
20%
impr
ovem
ent
20%filling
of g
aps
50%
40%
40%
100%
20%
100%
100%
impr
ovem
ent
100%
filling
of g
aps
100%
100%
100%
75%
100%
M/H
&N
M/H
&N
M/E
&N
R,
CEA
, DoI
EC,
M/T
ouris
m,
BOI,
M/I
DM
/E&
NR
M/W
S&D
, N
WSD
B,
CEA
, M
/E&
NR
NW
S &
DB,
M
/WS&
D,
CEA
, M
/E&
NR
M/A
D&
AS
4.5
4.6
4.7
5. 5.1
5.2
6.
75
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 6: Doing Away with the Dumps
....
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line
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3
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6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
Act
ions
Prom
ote o
rgan
ic fe
rtiliz
er
prod
uctio
n a
nd u
se.
Red
uce p
ost-h
arve
st lo
sses
.
Use
clea
n (w
aste
-min
imiz
ing)
te
chno
logi
es.
Intro
duce
sani
tary
com
post
ing
tech
nolo
gy.
Qua
ntity
of w
aste
pro
cess
ed.
Are
a us
ing
orga
nic
fert
ilize
r.Re
duct
ion
in m
iner
al fe
rtili
zer
use.
Qua
ntity
save
d.
Num
ber o
f tec
hnol
ogie
s Use
d.A
rea
cove
red.
Num
ber o
f tec
hnol
ogie
s in
trod
uced
.
Prac
tices
avai
labl
e
Prac
tices
avai
labl
e
Avai
labl
ete
chno
logi
es
Avai
labl
ete
chno
logi
es
10%
25%
30%
2%
40%
50%
100%
25%
60%
75%
50%
DoA
, M/A
D&AS
,M
/NB&
EID
DoA
, M/A
D&AS
,
DoA
, M/A
D&AS
,
DoA
, M/A
D&AS
,
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
76
....
77
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
....
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
78
....
79
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 7: Water for All and Always
....
Sri Lanka can be considered as a country that is well endowed with water resources since it receives, on an average, over 2000 mm of rainfall annually. Its spatial and temporal distribution, however, is such that a large part of the country (65%), referred to as the dry zone, experiences water shortages and droughts during several months in the year. Hence, taking action to ensure that the inhabitants of the dry zone have access to adequate supplies of water to meet their agricultural and domestic needs is of prime importance.
Another critical issue in relation to water, even in parts of the country where the resource is adequate in quantity, is the rapid deterioration of water quality owing to pollution from industrial, agricultural and domestic wastes. In the dry zone, heavy extraction of ground water from the limestone aquifers in the north and north-west can result in contamination with salt water while contamination with nitrogenous compounds has been seen to occur in different parts of the dry zone due to the heavy and unrestricted use of fertilizers.
Intakingactiontofulfillthemission,themajorpolicyinitiative,particularlyapplicabletothedryzone, would be to introduce water resources allocation and management on the basis of river basin units and sub-units. With the introduction of a water allocation system a series of actions can be put into effectthroughtheactiveparticipationofthecommunitytoconserveandefficientlymanagethelimitedwater resources in an equitable manner. We could also draw lessons from Sri Lanka’s past at which time village tanks were built in a cascade pattern, where a connected series of tanks was constructed within a micro-catchment. The water that is used for irrigation under one tank is passed on to the next for reuse, thereby making optimum use of this scarce resource. Many of these tanks are still in use while many others are non-functional but can be restored.
Regarding the country’s irrigation system, new initiatives have to be put in place to secure the stability ofthesystemandensureefficiencyintheuseofirrigationwater.Theinstitutionalmechanismswherethe Departments of Agriculture and Irrigation will collaborate in implementing watershed conservation and water management practices have to be activated and a range of measures implemented. Micro and drip irrigation are technologies that could be adopted where feasible to economize on the use of water.
Contamination of water resources arises from many different causes, and a wide range of actions havetobeadoptedtoaddresstheproblem.Thefirsttargetshouldbetoidentifyandeliminatepollutionsources at water intakes and within the related catchments. On a wider scale, the polluter pays principle has to be enforced and the setting up of water treatment plants promoted. In the dry zone, regulating groundwater extraction and improving fertilizeruse efficiency are necessarymeasures to keep theground water resource free of contamination.
Avoiding waste of water during any form of use is one sure way of ensuring that the available sources will last longer. Where necessary and feasible, the harvesting of rainwater and the adoption of recycling technologies will pay dividends in the form of ensuring a more secure supply.
miSSioN 7: water For all aND alwayS
Preamble
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 7: Water for All and Always
80
....
1. Establish a systematic water allocation system and improve efficiency and equity in water distribution for various purposes.
2. Organize a rehabilitation scheme for small tanks and revitalize the tank cascade system developed.
3. Transform the irrigation system to meet new challenges.
4. Keep drinking water sources free from contamination through proper zoning and control measures.
5. Integrate conservation, re-use and recycling practices at all levels of water use.
6. Strictly enforce the Polluter Pays Principle for water polluting industries/activities.
7. Strengthen implementation of integrated water resource management systems.
8. Reduce fertilizer leaching and eutrophication.
miSSioN 7: water For all aND alwayS
StrategieS
81
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 7: Water for All and Always
....
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3
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6
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R
espo
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le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
ions
miS
Sio
N 7
: w
ate
r Fo
r a
ll a
ND
alw
ayS
ac
tio
NS
1. 1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Rive
r bas
in m
anag
emen
t un
its e
stab
lishe
d at
var
ious
levelsbasedonaclassification
with
requ
ired
guid
elin
es fo
r gr
ound
wat
er e
xtra
ctio
n.
% in
est
ablis
hmen
t of R
iver
ba
sin
& su
b riv
er b
asin
m
anag
emen
t uni
ts.
A su
itabl
e m
echa
nism
es
tabl
ishe
d.
% in
crea
se in
num
ber a
nd
com
posi
tion
of st
akeh
olde
rs.
Classifiedriversystemsin
plac
e.
Gui
delin
es d
evel
oped
.
Exis
ting
syst
em g
aps
Not
av
aila
ble
Pres
ent
Com
posit
ion
Not
Av
aila
ble
Exis
ting
Prac
tices
Cov
erag
eof
the
Cou
ntry
20%
20%
40%
100%
Cov
erag
eof
the
Cou
ntry
40%
50%
75%
Even
t
Esta
blis
h a
syst
emat
ic w
ater
al
loca
tion
syst
em a
nd im
prov
e ef
ficie
ncy
and
equi
ty in
w
ater
dis
trib
utio
n fo
r var
ious
pu
rpos
es.
Act
ions
Esta
blis
h in
stitu
tions
for b
asin
an
d su
b riv
er b
asin
leve
l m
anag
emen
t.
Obt
ain
part
icip
atio
n of
gen
der
bala
nced
stak
ehol
ders
and
stat
e in
est
ablis
hing
wat
er sh
arin
g po
licie
s.
Practiceariverclassificationsystem
to a
bstr
act a
nd u
tiliz
e w
ater
.
Form
ulat
e gu
idel
ines
for g
roun
d w
ater
extra
ctio
n fo
r all
purp
oses
.
Cov
erag
eof
the
Cou
ntry
100%
100
%
85%
M/A
D&
AS
M/A
D&
AS,
D
oA, M
/E&
NR,
CEA
, M
/I&
WM
, M
/WS&
DM
/AD
&A
S,
DoA
, M
/I&
WM
M/I
&W
M,
DoI
, MA
SL
M/I
&W
M,
DoI
, DoA
, M
/AD
& A
S,
M/E
&N
R,
CEA
,NW
S&D
B,M
/WS&
D
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 7: Water for All and Always
82
....
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line
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09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
2. 2.1
2.2
% W
ater
use
stat
istic
s
cove
ring
all w
ater
use
r
leve
ls.
% o
f are
a co
vere
d.
Num
ber o
f cro
p va
rietie
s.A
rea
plan
ted.
Num
ber o
f uni
ts.
Num
ber o
f tan
ks
reha
bilit
ated
and
re
vita
lized
.
Num
ber o
f Wat
ersh
ed
man
agem
ent p
lans
in p
lace
.
Min
or ir
rigat
ion
syst
ems
reha
bilit
ated
.
Exis
ting
use
patte
rns
Exis
ting
met
hods
Pres
ent
Prac
tices
Exis
ting
prac
tices
Num
ber o
f ta
nks t
o be
re
habi
litat
e
Exis
ting
Leve
l
Exis
ting
Leve
l
40%
Cov
erag
e
40%
15%
25%
20%
20%
10%
90%
75% 70%
100%
75%
75%
Car
ry o
ut a
nat
iona
l lev
el
surv
ey to
exp
lore
the
wat
er
use
patte
rns b
y al
l use
r typ
es,
with
the
aim
of a
ttain
ing
wat
er
secu
rity.
Intr
oduc
e w
ater
-sav
ing
land
pre
para
tion
for p
addy
cu
ltiva
tion.
Dev
elop
and
pop
ular
ize
drou
ght-r
esis
tant
crop
var
ietie
s.
Intr
oduc
e M
icro
Irrig
atio
n Te
chno
logy
.
Org
aniz
e a
reha
bilit
atio
n sc
hem
e fo
r sm
all t
anks
and
re
vita
lize
the
tank
cas
cade
sy
stem
dev
elop
ed.
Act
ions
Form
ulat
e w
ater
shed
im
prov
emen
t pla
ns fo
r the
m
ost c
ritic
ally
affe
cted
min
or
irrig
atio
n sy
stem
s.
Reha
bilit
ate
smal
l/m
inor
tank
s us
ing
an e
colo
gica
l app
roac
h ba
sed
on a
surv
ey o
f deg
rade
d m
inor
irrig
atio
n sy
stem
s.
100%
Cov
erag
e
70%
50%
50%
40%
50%
50%
M/I
&W
M,
DoI
, D
oA,
M/A
D&
AS,
M
/E&
NR,
CEA
, N
WS&
DB,
M/W
S&D
M/A
D&
AS,
D
oA, M
ASL
M/A
D&
AS,
D
oA
M/A
D&
AS,
D
oA
M/A
D&
AS
M/A
D&
AS,
D
oA, M
/E&
NR,
C
EA
M/A
D&
AS,
D
oA, D
oI,
M/I
&W
M,
M/N
B&EI
D/
NEI
AP-
II/
TIIP
/REP
SI
83
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 7: Water for All and Always
....
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line
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3
Long
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09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
2.3
2.4
2.5
3. 3.1
3.2
Num
ber o
f cas
cade
syst
ems
trac
ed a
nd re
-est
ablis
hed.
Num
ber o
f vill
age
tank
irr
igat
ion
syst
ems
reco
gniz
ed a
nd re
vita
lized
.N
umbe
r of f
arm
er
com
mun
ites g
iven
re
spon
sibi
lity
in m
anag
ing
vi
llage
tank
irrig
atio
n sy
stem
.
Num
ber o
f suc
h ec
olog
ical
ly
impo
rtan
t wat
ersh
eds t
hat
areidentifi
edandco
nserved.
Num
ber o
f add
ition
al
benefitssecured.
Impl
emen
tatio
n m
echa
nism
es
tabl
ishe
d.
% a
mou
nt o
f ene
rgy
save
d.N
umbe
r of e
nerg
y au
dits
pe
r yea
r car
ried
out.
Exis
ting
syst
ems
avai
labl
e
Exis
ting
impl
emen
tatio
n sy
stem
Exis
ting
prac
tices
New
cha
lleng
es
to b
e ad
dres
sed
Exis
ting
impl
emen
tatio
n m
echa
nism
Exis
ting
ener
gy a
udits
10%
5% 20%
30%
30%
75%
85%
50%
60%
80%
75%
Trac
e an
d re
-est
ablis
h ca
scad
e sy
stem
s.
Reco
gniz
e an
d re
vita
lize
the
villa
ge ta
nk ir
rigat
ion
syst
em
and
hand
ove
r the
syst
ems
to fa
rmer
com
mun
ities
to
man
age
them
thro
ugh
an
ecol
ogic
al a
ppro
ach.
Con
serv
e ec
olog
ical
ly
significantwaterresources
base
s/w
ater
shed
s.
Tran
sfor
m th
e ir
riga
tion
syst
em to
mee
t new
ch
alle
nges
.
Act
ions
Esta
blis
h In
stitu
tiona
l m
echa
nism
at D
OA
&D
OI
to in
tegr
ate
wat
ersh
ed
cons
erva
tion
prac
tices
in
all t
he w
ater
man
agem
ent
prog
ram
mes
.
Introduceenergyefficient,
effe
ctiv
e ne
w ir
rigat
ion
tech
niqu
es a
nd d
evic
es.
50%
60%
30%
40%
50%
60%
M/A
D&
AS,
D
oA, D
oI,
M/I
&W
M
DoI
, M/I
&W
M,
M
/AD
&A
S,
DoA
, MA
SL,
M/L
&LD
DoI
, M/I
&W
M,
M/E
&N
R, D
oA,
M/A
D&
AS,
M
ASL
M/A
D&
AS
M/A
D&
AS,
D
oA, D
oI,
M/I
&W
M
M/A
D&
AS,
DoI
, D
oA,M
/I&
WM
, M
/NB&
EID
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 7: Water for All and Always
84
....
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line
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09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
3.3
3.4
4. 4.1
4.2
4.3
Num
ber o
f inn
ovat
ions
.
% o
f inc
reas
e in
sola
r pow
er
tech
niqu
es e
mpl
oyed
in th
e irr
igat
ion
sect
or.
Kee
p dr
inki
ng w
ater
sour
ces
free
from
con
tam
inat
ion.
Trea
tmen
t cos
t red
uced
.
% o
f isl
and
wid
e w
ater
qu
ality
surv
eilla
nce
and
mon
itorin
g pr
ogra
mm
es in
w
ater
sche
mes
.
Num
ber o
f sur
veys
car
ried
out.
Are
a co
vere
d.
Num
ber o
f suc
h w
ater
shed
s thathavebeenidentifi
ed
and
cons
erve
d.C
over
age.
Not
av
aila
ble
Pres
ent l
evel
Pres
ent l
evel
Exis
ting
prog
ram
s
Exis
ing
wat
er
qual
ity
mon
itorin
g pr
ogra
mm
es
Num
ber o
f sc
hem
es to
be
cons
erve
d
1 ac
tivity
10% 20%
100%
50%
15
activ
ities
75%
100
%
70%
Car
ry o
ut re
sear
ch a
nd
deve
lopm
ent o
n ne
w ir
rigat
ion
tech
niqu
es th
at h
ave
less
er
irrig
atio
n w
ater
foot
prin
ts.
Popu
lariz
e so
lar p
ower
ed
irrig
atio
n sy
stem
s and
te
chni
ques
.
Kee
p dr
inki
ng w
ater
sou
rces
fr
ee fr
om c
onta
min
atio
n th
roug
h pr
oper
zon
ing
and
cont
rol m
easu
res.
Act
ions
Dev
elop
and
impl
emen
t is
land
wid
e w
ater
qua
lity
surv
eilla
nce
and
mon
itorin
g pr
ogra
mm
es in
wat
er sc
hem
es.
Con
duct
surv
eys o
n w
ater
bo
dies
to id
entif
y po
llutio
n so
urce
s and
type
s and
to
initi
ate
appr
opria
te a
ctio
ns.
Con
serv
e w
ater
shed
s tha
t yi
eld
wat
er fo
r drin
king
w
ater
pro
ject
s.
5 ac
tiviti
es
50%
60%
30%
100%
M/A
D&
AS,
DoI
, D
oA, M
/I&
WM
DoI
, M/A
D&
AS,
DoA
, MI&
WM
, U
nive
rsiti
es,
M/S
&T
M/E
&N
R
CEA
, M/E
&N
R,
M/W
S&D
, M
/AD
&A
S,
DoA
, M/H
&N
CEA
, M
/E&
NR
NW
S&D
B,
M/W
S&D
, C
EA, M
/E&
NR,
M/N
B&EI
D
85
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 7: Water for All and Always
....
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R
espo
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le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
Num
ber o
f pol
lutio
n so
urce
s identifi
edandnum
berof
prev
entiv
e ac
tions
take
n.C
over
age.
Num
ber o
f cen
tral
was
te
wat
er tr
eatm
ent p
lant
s es
tabl
ishe
d.C
over
age.
Perc
enta
ge c
ompl
ianc
e.
Num
ber o
f rur
al w
ater
sc
hem
es d
ecen
tral
ized
.C
over
age.
Num
ber o
f zon
ing
plan
s de
velo
ped.
Incr
ease
d nu
mbe
r of
prot
ectio
n pr
ogra
mm
es in
ca
tchm
ent a
reas
Are
a co
vere
d.
Exis
ting
pollu
tion
sour
ces,
reco
rds
av
aila
ble
Exis
ting
plan
s
Exis
ting
regu
latio
ns
Exis
ting
wat
ersc
hem
es
Exis
ting
zoni
ng
plan
s
Prog
ram
mes
av
aila
ble
100%
100%
100%
10%
25%
Iden
tify
the
pollu
tion
sour
ces
of w
ater
inta
kes a
nd p
reve
nt
furt
her p
ollu
tion.
Prom
ote
cent
ral w
aste
w
ater
trea
tmen
t pla
nts f
or
pollu
ting
indu
strie
s and
oth
er
agen
cies
/est
ablis
hmen
ts.
Ado
pt m
easu
res t
o re
gula
te
extr
actio
n an
d co
ntam
inat
ion
of g
roun
d w
ater
reso
urce
s.
Dec
entr
aliz
e th
e ce
ntra
lized
ru
ral w
ater
sche
mes
and
vi
llage
sani
tatio
n pr
ogra
mm
es w
ith
part
icip
atio
n of
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs fo
r sus
tain
able
m
anag
emen
t as a
ppro
pria
te.
Dra
w u
p zo
ning
pla
ns fo
r ar
eas f
or w
ater
con
serv
atio
n.
Iden
tify
and
dem
arca
te
catc
hmen
t are
a w
ater
inta
kes
and
impl
emen
t sui
tabl
e pr
otec
tion
prog
ram
mes
.
50%
Plan
s av
aila
ble
10%
M/I
&W
M, D
oI,
NW
S&D
B,
M/W
S&D
, CEA
, M
/E&
NR,
LA
s, M
/LG
&PC
,
M/H
&N
CEA
, M
/E&
NR,
LA
s, M
/LG
&PC
, BO
I, M
/ID
M/W
S&D
M/W
S&D
, M
/H&
N
M/W
S&D
, N
WS&
DB,
M
/E&
NR,
CEA
, D
oI, M
/I&
WM
M/A
D&
AS,
M
/E&
NR
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 7: Water for All and Always
86
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espo
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Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
4.10
4.11
4.12
5. 5.1
5.2
Num
ber o
f san
itatio
n pr
ojec
ts m
onito
red
thro
ugh
part
icip
ator
y ap
proa
ch.
Num
ber o
f pec
ulia
r wat
er
holdingareasidentified.
Are
a co
vere
d.
Add
ition
al m
easu
res t
aken
.
Wat
er sa
ving
tech
niqu
es
intr
oduc
ed a
nd a
sses
sed.
%
cov
erag
e in
diff
eren
t sy
stem
s.
Num
ber a
nd ty
pes o
f wat
er
savi
ng te
chni
ques
use
d.
Am
ount
of r
ain
wat
er
harv
este
d.C
over
age.
Sani
tatio
n pr
ojec
ts
avai
labl
e
Exis
ting
wat
er
bodi
es, c
anal
sy
stem
s and
w
etla
nds
Exis
ting
prac
tices
Avai
labl
e te
chni
ques
Exis
ting
data
av
aila
ble
20%
20%
20%
100%
30%
100%
100%
100%
Ado
pt a
par
ticip
ator
y ap
proa
ch fo
r pla
nnin
g,
cons
truc
tion,
mai
ntai
ning
and
m
onito
ring
of c
omm
unity
w
ater
supp
ly a
nd sa
nita
tion
proj
ects
.
Iden
tify
and
cons
erve
the
pecu
liar w
ater
hol
ding
are
as.
Prot
ect w
ater
bod
ies,
cana
l sy
stem
s and
wet
land
s.
Inte
grat
e co
nser
vatio
n, re
-use
an
d re
cycl
ing
prac
tices
at a
ll le
vels
of w
ater
use
.
Act
ions
Intr
oduc
e w
ater
savi
ng/r
e-us
ing,
recy
clin
g de
vice
s for
co
nser
vatio
n.
Prom
ote
the
harv
estin
g of
ra
in w
ater
in u
rban
are
as.
50%
50%
Mea
sure
s av
aila
ble
60%
100%
M/W
S&D
, N
WS&
DB
M/I
&W
M, D
oI,
M/E
&N
R, M
ASL
, N
WS&
DB,
M
/WS&
D
M/U
D&
SAD
, U
DA
, SLL
R&D
C,
M
/WS&
D
M/E
&N
R
M/I
&W
M, D
oI,
M/A
D&
AS
UD
A,
M/U
D&
SAD
87
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....
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6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
5.3
5.4
5.5
6. 6.1
Num
ber o
f far
mer
s ado
ptin
g ne
w te
chno
logy
.C
over
age.
Resp
ectiv
e w
ater
foot
prin
ts.
Are
a co
vere
d.Vo
lum
e of
wat
er.
Num
ber o
f pro
cess
ing
plan
ts.
Prev
entio
n an
d co
ntro
l de
grad
atio
n th
e qu
ality
of
wat
er b
odie
s in
the
coun
try.
Cab
inet
app
rova
l for
the
amen
dmen
t.D
raft
amen
dmen
t to
the A
ct.
Am
endm
ent p
asse
s thr
ough
th
e Pa
rliam
ent.
Not
av
aila
ble
Not
av
aila
ble
Not
av
aila
ble
Avai
labl
e pa
ram
eter
s
Dra
ft N
EA
amen
dmen
t
20%
20% 50%
Regu
latio
n in
pla
ce
100%
100%
25%
Esta
blis
h an
d sp
read
new
te
chno
logy
for r
educ
ing
wat
er u
se a
nd im
prov
ing
prod
uctiv
ity o
f sm
all a
nd
med
ium
sche
mes
via
mic
ro
and
drip
irrig
atio
n sy
stem
s.
Car
ry o
ut w
ater
usa
ge a
udits
in
ord
er to
est
ablis
h w
ater
fo
ot p
rints
for a
ll in
stitu
tions
an
d du
ly re
war
d th
ose
who
usewaterefficientlyand
effe
ctiv
ely.
Ensu
re e
ffect
ive
drai
nage
and
ha
ndlin
g of
was
te w
ater
from
fa
rmin
g an
d fo
od p
roce
ssin
g.
Stri
ctly
enf
orce
the
Pollu
ter
Pays
Pri
ncip
le fo
r wat
er
pollu
ting
indu
stri
es/
activ
ities
.
Act
ions
Am
end
the
Nat
iona
l En
viro
nmen
tal A
ct (N
EA) t
o ac
com
mod
ate
Was
tew
ater
C
harg
e Pr
ogra
mm
e (W
CP)
.
60%
40%
5% 100%
M/I
&W
M,
DoI
, M/E
&N
R,
M/N
B&EI
D
CEA
, M/E
&N
R,
M/W
S&D
,
NW
S&D
B, L
As,
M/L
G&
PC
M/A
D&
AS,
D
oA, M
ASL
M/E
&N
R
CEA
,M
/E&
NR,
LD
D
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 7: Water for All and Always
88
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6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
7. 7.1
Dra
fted
regu
latio
ns.
Gaz
ette
d re
gula
tions
.
Num
ber o
f ind
ustr
ies e
nter
s to
the
prog
ram
me.
Redu
ctio
n of
pol
lutio
n lo
ad
into
the
envi
ronm
ent.
Num
ber o
f cas
es to
be
filedagainstindu
stries/
Act
iviti
es.
Num
ber o
f ind
ustr
ies e
nter
s th
e C
P sc
hem
e.Redu
ctionofeffluentload
and
redu
ctio
n of
wat
er
utili
zatio
n in
the
proc
ess.
Dat
abas
e on
pre
scrib
ed
activ
ities
.
Exte
nt o
f cat
chm
ent a
reas
in
crea
sed.
In
stitu
tiona
l set
-up
in p
lace
fo
r int
egra
ted
wat
er re
sour
ce
man
agem
ent.
Num
berofcasesfiled.
Dra
fted
re
gula
tions
Con
cent
ratio
n ba
sed
stan
dard
s.
Num
ber o
f ca
ses t
o be
ta
ken
up
App
ly C
P to
Tex
tile
indu
strie
s
Aw
aren
ess
prog
ram
mes
Exis
ting
syst
ems
Avai
labl
e in
spec
tion
proc
edur
es
100%
50%
10%
10%
100
%
10%
50%
30%
50%
Dra
ft ne
w re
gula
tions
to
impl
emen
t the
WC
P.
Intr
oduc
e an
d im
plem
ent
Was
tew
ater
Cha
rge
Prog
ram
me.
Take
lega
l act
ions
aga
inst
in
dust
rialis
ts w
ho d
o no
t com
ply
with
lega
l re
quire
men
ts o
f the
WC
P.
Prom
ote
Cle
aner
Pro
duct
ion
prin
cipl
es &
pra
ctic
es in
in
dust
rial a
ctiv
ities
com
e un
der t
he W
CP.
Con
duct
surv
ey o
n Pr
escr
ibed
in
dust
ries u
nder
the
Gaz
ette
notifi
cationNo.1533/16.
Stre
ngth
en im
plem
enta
tion
of in
tegr
ated
wat
er re
sour
ce
man
agem
ent s
yste
ms.
Act
ions
Stre
ngth
en in
spec
tion
pr
oced
ures
to d
etec
t ille
gal
wat
er c
onsu
mpt
ion.
100%
25%
20%
20%
100%
CEA
, M/E
&N
R,
LDD
CEA
, M
/E&
NR
CEA
, M
/E&
NR
CEA
, M
/E&
NR,
BO
I, M
/ID
CEA
, M
/E&
NR
M/E
&N
R
CEA
, M/E
&N
R,
NW
S&D
B,
M/W
S&D
89
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 7: Water for All and Always
....
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line
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6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
Num
ber o
f sta
keho
lder
in
stitu
tions
stre
ngth
ened
.
% o
f tar
iffs c
omm
itted
fo
r wat
er c
atch
men
t co
nser
vatio
n.
Exte
nt o
f new
cat
chm
ent
area
s bei
ng c
onse
rved
.
Num
ber o
f sur
veys
per
yea
r ca
rrie
d ou
t.
% in
crea
se o
f sur
veill
ance
in
spec
tion
on u
ntre
ated
se
wag
e di
scha
rge.
Num
beroflandfi
lls
esta
blis
hed.
C
over
age.
Con
stru
ctio
n co
mpl
eted
.
Syst
em
avai
labl
e
Avai
labl
e in
form
atio
n
Avai
labl
e co
nser
ved
catc
hmen
t ar
eas
Avai
labl
e re
cord
s
Dat
a av
aila
ble
Info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e
Plan
s av
aila
ble
100%
100%
100%
100%
10%
100%
100%
Enha
nce
the
capa
city
of t
he
inst
itutio
ns to
bet
ter m
anag
e irr
igat
ion
syst
ems i
nclu
ding
gr
ound
wat
er re
sour
ces.
Com
mit
adeq
uate
fund
s fo
r con
serv
atio
n of
wat
er
catc
hmen
ts b
y m
ajor
wat
er
user
s suc
h as
NW
SDB
and
CEB
, fro
m th
eir t
ariff
s.
Ded
icat
e U
pper
Wat
ersh
ed
area
s for
con
serv
atio
n an
d pr
even
t the
m b
eing
exp
loite
d.
Car
ry o
ut su
rvey
s on
wat
er
bodi
es to
iden
tify
pollu
tion
sour
ces a
nd ty
pes i
slan
d w
ide.
Car
ry o
ut su
rvei
llanc
e an
d ta
ke a
ctio
ns w
here
nec
essa
ry
to e
nsur
e th
at u
ntre
ated
se
wag
e is
not
dis
char
ged
into
w
ater
way
s and
wat
er b
odie
s.
Esta
blis
h m
ore
sani
tary
landfillsislandwideforsolid
was
te in
clud
ing
haza
rdou
s w
aste
s.
Com
plet
e th
e co
nstr
uctio
n of
ce
ntra
l was
te w
ater
trea
tmen
t pl
ants
for i
ndus
trie
s in
the
coas
tal z
one.
100%
50%
M/I
&W
M,
DoI
, M/A
D&
AS
M/W
S&D
, N
WS&
DB
M/E
&N
R,
Pres
iden
tial
Secr
etar
iat
CEA
, M/E
&N
R,
NW
S&D
B,
M/W
S&D
CEA
, M/E
&N
R,N
WS&
DB,
M
/WS&
D,
Loca
l Pub
lic
Hea
lth A
utho
ritie
s
CEA
, M
/E&
NR
M/F
&A
R, C
CD
, M
/Tou
rism
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 7: Water for All and Always
90
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line
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09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
8. 8.1
8.2
8.3
Perc
enta
ge re
duct
ion.
Are
a co
vere
d.
Am
ount
of f
ertil
izer
save
d.
Are
a co
vere
d.
Are
a co
vere
d.
Avai
labl
e Pr
ogra
mm
es
Avai
labl
e
Prog
ram
mes
Soil
cons
erva
tion
Act
.
Fert
ilize
r A
pplic
atio
n gu
idel
ines
25%
25%
10% 50%
75%
75%
50%
90%
Red
uce
fert
ilize
r lea
chin
g an
d eu
trop
hica
tion.
Act
ions
Prom
ote
met
hods
to in
crea
se
fertilizeru
seefficiency.
Ado
pt c
ontr
ol o
f soi
l ero
sion
te
chno
logy
.
Intr
oduc
e sp
lit a
pplic
atio
n of
fe
rtili
zer.
50%
50%
25%
75%
M/A
D&
AS
M/A
D&
AS,
DoA
M/A
D&
AS,
DoA
M/A
D&
AS,
DoA
, M
ASL
91
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
....
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
92
....
93
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 8: Green Cities for Health and Prosperity
....
Urban expansion that has taken place at a phenomenal rate since three decades ago was not accompanied by a planned framework. As a result, a number of problems have surfaced. These include urbansprawl;ribbondevelopmentalongmainroads;unplannedfragmentationofland;utilizationoflow-lyingandenvironmentallysensitiveareasforindustrial,commercialandresidentialuses;decreasedeffectivenessofstormwaterdrainage;andinadequatefacilitiesforsewerageandsolidwastedisposal.At present urban areas account for over 30 per cent of the population and this is expected to grow to 45 per cent by 2015. Considering the current situation, and faced with the prospect of the challenges growing in magnitude, there is now an urgent and pressing need to address the issues if we are to attain the goals of the mission.
While declaring an Urban Sector Policy Framework is the starting point, the need of the hour is to move into implementation. Urban development plans integrating environmental concerns have to be prepared, making provision as appropriate for the different needs and proposing an urban design/townscape. Adequate land should be reserved for conservation needs including the protection of important wetlands. Provision must be made for setting apart adequate public outdoor recreation space. Biodiversity parks, while also supporting outdoor recreation, will promote appreciation of the country’s biological wealth, and the setting up of such parks should be encouraged. The green cover of the cities should be expanded to improve the quality of the city environment.
Storm water management is a matter that requires urgent attention. Management plans have to be developed for all urban areas and projects initiated for their implementation.
Integrated solid waste management and hazardous waste management strategies and actions should be implemented in all urban areas. This would include the provision of suitable sites for the management of these wastes and facilitating public-private partnerships for construction, management and operation of solid waste management systems. Taking measures for reducing waste output and for recycling and treating different types of waste will go a long way in reducing the volume of material thatfinallyreacheslandfillsites.ThesemeasureshavebeenemphasizedundertheMission:DoingAwaywith the Dumps.
Sewer networks are now found only in three cities – in Colombo it serves 70% of the population and in Dehiwala and Kolonnawa only a small percentage of the households are connected. The development of networks with proper treatment facilities particularly for densely populated parts of some of the cities is one of the proposals. The setting up of biogas plants as a means of treating sewage is also considered.
Improving the transport systemwouldmake a significant contribution towards enhancing thequality of the city environment.One of the proposals is to develop efficient transport systems andmark out bus lanes where necessary. Proposals are also made for tree-planting, and for providing for pedestrian movement and for cyclists along urban roads.
miSSioN 8: greeN citieS For HealtH
aND ProSPerity
Preamble
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 8: Green Cities for Health and Prosperity
94
....
1. Develop integrated urbanization plans to meet future environmental challenges.
2. Introduce state-of-the-art integrated solid waste management and hazardous waste management for all urban areas.
3. Manage urban sewage beneficially, without causing pollution.
4. Develop healthy & efficient transport networks in urban areas.
5. Conserve urban wetlands to maintain ecological stability.
6. Institutionalize actions related to landscape design & promoting establishment of green cities.
miSSioN 8: greeN citieS For HealtH
aND ProSPerity
StrategieS
95
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 8: Green Cities for Health and Prosperity
....
Base
line
Shor
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3
Long
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09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
miS
Sio
N 8
: g
ree
N c
itie
S Fo
r H
ealt
H a
ND
Pr
oSP
erit
y
ac
tio
NS
1. 1.1
1.2
1.3
Num
ber o
f phy
sica
l pla
ns
gaze
tted
at re
gion
al le
vel.
Polic
y es
tabl
ishe
d.A
dditi
onal
mea
sure
sin
corp
orat
ed.
Inst
itutio
nal M
echa
nism
St
reng
then
ed a
t Nat
iona
l Pr
ovin
cial
and
City
Lev
el.
Num
ber o
f dev
elop
men
t pla
ns
gaze
tted.
Avai
labi
lity
of d
isas
ter
man
agem
ent m
easu
res.
Urb
an d
esig
n/to
wns
cape
pr
opos
ed.
Urb
an la
ndsc
ape
mas
ter p
lans
w
ith p
ublic
out
door
recr
eatio
n sp
ace
syst
ems f
or u
rban
are
as
isla
ndw
ide
prep
ared
.
2 pr
ovin
ces
Exis
ting
polic
y
Exis
ting
mec
hani
sm
31
03 100%
100%
Nat
iona
l le
vel
20%
City
leve
l
15(a
dditi
onal
)
M/U
D&
SAD
M/U
D&
SAD
, U
DA
, NPP
D,
M/E
&N
R,
M/H
&C
A,
M/P
C&
LG a
nd
Don
ors
UD
A,
M/U
D&
SAD
UD
A,
M/U
D&
SAD
04 50%
pr
ovin
cial
leve
l
30%
C
ity le
vel
25(a
dditi
onal
)
100%
pr
ovin
cial
le
vel
50%
City
leve
l
50(a
dditi
onal
)
Dev
elop
inte
grat
ed u
rban
izat
ion
plan
s to
mee
t fut
ure
envi
ronm
enta
l cha
lleng
es.
Act
ions
Wor
kout
and
esta
blish
Nat
iona
l U
rban
izat
ion
Sect
or p
olic
y Fr
amew
ork
(USP
F) to
mee
t fu
ture
chal
leng
es.
Stre
ngth
en th
e ins
titut
iona
l m
echa
nism
to im
plem
ent t
he
(USP
F) p
olic
y.
Prep
are a
nd g
azet
te u
rban
de
velo
pmen
t pla
ns in
tegr
atin
g al
l env
ironm
enta
l con
cern
s.
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 8: Green Cities for Health and Prosperity
96
....
Base
line
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Med
ium
te
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09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
Dev
elop
com
pact
,
energy-efficienturbancenters.
Kee
p ad
equa
te la
nds f
or
cons
erva
tion
need
s in
urba
n ar
eas.
Mon
itor t
he p
erfo
rman
ce a
nd
take
act
ions
to m
itiga
te g
aps.
Prep
are/
upda
te st
orm
wat
er
man
agem
ent m
aste
r pla
ns fo
r al
l urb
an a
reas
inte
grat
ing
SUD
S pr
inci
ples
and
tech
nolo
gies
.
Form
ulat
e and
impl
emen
t act
ion
proj
ects
in a
ccor
danc
e with
stor
m
wat
er m
anag
emen
t mas
ter p
lans
.
Esta
blish
dra
inag
e sys
tem
m
onito
ring
and
mai
nten
ance
sq
uads
in a
ll U
LAs t
o en
sure
sy
stem
atic
regu
lar i
nspe
ctio
n an
d at
tent
ion
to cl
eani
ng, r
epai
rs, e
tc.
Form
ulat
e and
gaz
ette
regu
latio
ns
for d
evel
opm
ent o
f Pub
lic
Out
door
Rec
reat
ion S
pace
(PO
RS)
Net
wor
ks in
all
urba
n ar
eas i
n ke
epin
g w
ith g
uide
lines
alre
ady
prep
ared
by
UD
A.
Num
ber o
f com
pact
, ene
rgy-
efficientcentersdeveloped.
Num
ber o
f urb
an p
lans
.A
rea
cove
red
for c
onse
rvat
ion
need
s.
Perf
orm
ance
Mon
itorin
g pl
an
avai
labl
e at
city
leve
l.
Num
ber o
f ULA
s with
in
tegr
ated
SU
DS
mas
ter p
lans
.
Num
ber o
f ULA
s im
plem
ents
SU
Ds m
aste
r pla
ns.
Num
ber o
f Squ
ads e
stab
lishe
d at
ULA
s.
Regu
latio
ns g
azet
ted.
Not
av
aila
ble
As p
er th
e de
clar
atio
n of
eac
h ur
ban
plan
Not
av
aila
ble
2% o
f U
LAs
Not
av
aila
ble
Not
av
aila
ble
Not
av
aila
ble
5 U
rban
ci
ties
20%
of
Urb
an
plan
s
20%
of
Urb
an
citie
s
25%
MC
s by
201
0
5% L
As
by 2
010
5% L
As
by 2
010
5% L
As
by 2
010
10 U
rban
ci
ties
30%
of
Urb
an
plan
s
30%
of
Urb
an
citie
s
35%
of
UCs
by
201
3
10%
LA
s by
201
3
10%
LA
s by
201
3
10%
LA
s by
201
3
15 U
rban
ci
ties
100%
ur
ban
plan
s
100%
of
citie
s
All
MCs
&
50%
of
UCs
by
2015
15%
LA
s by
201
5
15%
LA
s by
201
5
15%
LA
s by
201
5
M/U
D&
SAD
, U
DA
, NPP
D
M/U
D&
SAD
, U
DA
, NPP
D
UD
A,
M/U
D&
SAD
M/P
C&
LG,
ULA
s, SL
LR&
DC
,
M/U
D&
SAD
, N
WS&
DB,
M/W
S&D
M/P
C&
LG,
ULA
s, SL
LR&
DC
,
NW
S&D
B,
M/W
S&D
M
/PC
&LG
, U
LAs
M/U
D&
SAD
, U
DA
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
97
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Base
line
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3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
Form
ulat
e ac
tion
plan
to
pre
pare
/im
prov
e an
d im
plem
ent P
ORS
pla
ns fo
r eac
h ur
ban
area
and
impl
emen
t it.
Enco
urag
e U
rban
Bio
dive
rsity
Pa
rks a
s par
t of t
he P
ORS
ne
twor
k in
eac
h ur
ban
area
.
Faci
litat
e de
velo
pmen
t of u
rban
pl
antin
g m
ater
ial n
urse
ries
inco
rpor
atin
g in
tern
atio
nal
stan
dard
s.
Intro
duce
stat
e-of
-the-
art i
nteg
rate
d so
lid w
aste
man
agem
ent a
nd
haza
rdou
s was
te m
anag
emen
t st
rate
gies
for a
ll ur
ban
area
s.
Act
ions
Ensu
re p
rovi
sion
of s
ites f
or
solid
was
te m
anag
emen
t and
ha
zard
ous w
aste
man
agem
ent
activ
ities
.
Faci
litat
e pu
blic
-priv
ate
part
ners
hips
for c
onst
ruct
ion,
m
anag
emen
t & o
pera
tion
of so
lid
was
te m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
s.
Reha
bilit
ate
all e
xist
ing
dum
ps.
Num
ber o
f PO
RS P
lans
pr
epar
ed fo
r citi
es.
At l
east
one
urb
an b
iodi
vers
ity
park
in e
ach
ULA
are
a.
Num
ber o
f Citi
es w
ith u
rban
pl
antin
g m
ater
ial n
urse
ries.
Num
ber o
f sol
id w
aste
m
anag
emen
t str
ateg
ies
adop
ted
in L
ocal
Aut
horit
ies.
Perc
enta
ge o
f urb
an a
reas
w
here
site
s ass
ured
.
Num
ber o
f ULA
s with
tota
l scientificsolidwastedisposal
syst
ems.
ULA
s whe
re e
xist
ing
dum
ps
reha
bilit
ated
.
Not
av
aila
ble
Not
av
aila
ble
Not
av
aila
ble
one
Exis
ting
syst
ems
Avai
labl
eso
lid w
aste
man
agem
ent
syst
ems
Exis
ting
dum
ps
10%
of
urba
n LA
s by
201
0
10%
of
urba
n LA
s by
201
0
10%
of
ULA
s by
2010
10%
of
urba
n LA
s
50%
by
2010
All
MC
s by
201
1
All
MC
s by
201
1
17%
U
LAs b
y 20
13
17%
U
LAs b
y 20
13
17%
U
LAs b
y 20
13
20%
of
urba
n LA
s
100%
by
2013
All
UC
s by
201
3
All
UC
s by
201
3
25%
U
LAs b
y 20
15
25%
U
LAs b
y 20
15
25%
U
LAs b
y 20
15
30%
of
urba
n LA
s
All
PSs b
y 20
16
All
PSs b
y 20
16
M/U
D&
SAD
, U
DA
, ULA
s
M/U
D&
SAD
, U
DA
, ULA
s
ULA
s, D
FC,
DBG
M/U
D&
SAD
M/L
&LD
,
M/P
I, U
DA
, M
/UD
&SA
D,
LRC
, ULA
s, M
/PC
&LG
M/E
&N
R,
CEA
, ULA
s, BO
I, M
/ID
, M
/PC
&LG
M/P
C&
LG,
LAs
1.11
1.12
1.13
2. 2.1
2.2
2.3
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 8: Green Cities for Health and Prosperity
98
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Base
line
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09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
3. 3.1
3.2
4. 4.1
4.2
Man
age
urba
n se
wag
e be
nefic
ially
, with
out c
ausi
ng
pollu
tion.
Act
ions
Prov
ision
of s
ewer
net
wor
ks in
hi
ghly
den
se u
rban
citie
s.
Incr
ease
use
of b
io-g
as
tech
nolo
gy fo
r sew
age t
reat
men
t an
d pr
omot
e use
of t
he g
as a
s an
ener
gy so
urce
.
Dev
elop
hea
lthy
& e
ffici
ent
trans
port
netw
orks
in u
rban
ar
eas.
Act
ions
Esta
blis
h gu
idel
ines
and
st
anda
rds f
or sp
ace
prov
isio
n fo
r tre
es, p
edes
tria
n m
ovem
ent
and
cycl
e m
ovem
ent
alon
g ro
ads i
n ur
ban
area
s th
roug
hout
Sri
Lank
a.
Introduceefficientpublic
trans
port
syst
ems i
nclu
ding
bu
s lan
es w
here
nec
essa
ry,
MRT
syst
ems,
LRT
syst
ems,
etc.
inte
grat
ed in
the t
owns
cape
in
an a
esth
etic
man
ner.
Redu
ctio
n of
pol
lutio
n le
vel.
Are
a co
vere
d.
Num
ber o
f sew
er n
etw
orks
at
city
leve
l.
Num
ber b
io g
as p
lant
s with
se
wer
net
wor
k ea
ch c
ity.
Num
berofhealthy&efficient
tran
spor
t net
wor
ks d
evel
oped
.A
rea
cove
red.
Publ
ishi
ng G
uide
lines
and
St
anda
rds.
Num
ber o
f Citi
es w
ith M
RT/
LRT
syst
ems.
3 ci
ties
3 ci
ties
Exis
ting
faci
litie
s
Not
av
aila
ble
Not
av
aila
ble
Not
av
aila
ble
5 ci
ties
5 ci
ties
5 ci
ties
10%
2009
10 c
ities
10 c
ities
10 c
ities
20%
20 ci
ties
20 ci
ties
20 ci
ties
50%
one
Syst
em b
y 20
15
M/U
D&
SAD
M/U
D&
SAD
, U
DA
, ULA
s, M
/PC
&LG
M/S
&T,
U
nive
rsiti
es,
NW
S&D
B,
M/W
S&D
M/U
D&
SAD
M/U
D&
SAD
, U
DA
UD
A, U
LAs,
M/T
rans
port
, M
/H&
RD,
RDA
,
M
/UD
&SA
D
99
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....
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line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
4.3
5. 5.1
5.2
6. 6.1
Plan
and
esta
blish
pub
lic
pede
stria
n m
ovem
ent n
etw
orks
w
here
nec
essa
ry.
Con
serv
e ur
ban
wet
land
s to
mai
ntai
n ec
olog
ical
stab
ility
.
Act
ions
Dec
lara
tion
of w
etla
nds.
Esta
blish
ing
city
bas
ed
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
s for
dec
lare
d w
etla
nds.
Inst
itutio
naliz
e ac
tions
rela
ted
to la
ndsc
ape
desi
gn &
pro
mot
ing
esta
blis
hmen
t of g
reen
citie
s.
Act
ions
Esta
blish
Lan
dsca
pe U
nits
and
desig
n th
e city
inco
rpor
atin
g gr
eeni
ng as
pect
s, de
sign
man
agem
ent a
nd im
plem
enta
tion,
in
all L
ocal
Aut
horit
ies.
Num
ber o
f pla
ns fo
r pub
lic
pede
stria
n m
ovem
ent
netw
orks
at U
LAs.
Num
ber o
f wet
land
s con
serv
ed.
Dec
lara
tion
of w
etla
nds i
n U
LAs.
Num
ber o
f ULA
s
in
stitu
tiona
lizin
g m
onito
ring
mec
hani
sm.
Num
ber o
f Gre
en c
ities
es
tabl
ishe
d.
Num
ber o
f ULA
s whe
re u
nits
es
tabl
ishe
d.
Not
av
aila
ble
Wet
land
Zo
ning
G
uide
lines
pr
epar
ed b
y U
DA
Wes
tern
Pr
ovin
ce
Not
av
aila
ble
Not
av
aila
ble
Not
av
aila
ble
10%
of
ULA
s by
2010
10%
of
ULA
s ar
eas
by
2010
Thre
e pr
ovin
ces
by 2
010
10%
of
ULA
s by
2010
10%
of
ULA
s by
2010
All
MC
s by
201
0
20%
of
ULA
s by
2013
20%
of
ULA
s by
2013
Five
pr
ovin
ces
by 2
013
25%
U
LAs b
y 20
13
25%
U
LAs b
y 20
13
All
UC
s by
201
1
35%
ULA
s by
201
5
35%
ULA
s ar
eas
by
2015 All
prov
ince
s by
201
5
35%
ULA
s by
201
5
35%
ULA
s by
201
5
All
PSs b
y 20
15
UD
A, U
LAs,
M/U
D&
SAD
M/U
D&
SAD
UD
A,
M/U
D&
SAD
, SL
LR&
DC
, M
/L&
LD
UD
A,
M/U
D&
SAD
, SL
LR&
DC
, M
/L&
LD
M/U
D&
SAD
UD
A,
M/P
C&
LG,
PCs,
ULA
s
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 8: Green Cities for Health and Prosperity
100
....
Base
line
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t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
Set t
arge
ts to
cove
r ent
ire a
rea
and
mon
itor p
erfo
rman
ce.
Tran
sfor
m u
rban
citie
s in
to g
reen
ur
ban
citie
s ext
endi
ng th
e gre
en
cove
r at a
ll ap
prop
riate
pla
ces.
Targ
ets s
et m
onito
ring
plan
.
Gre
en c
ities
con
vert
ed.
Not
av
aila
ble
Exis
ting
gr
een
citie
s
10%
of
ULA
s by
2010
10%
of
ULA
s by
2010
25%
U
LAs b
y 20
1325
%
ULA
s by
2013
35%
ULA
s by
201
5
35%
ULA
s by
201
5
UD
A,
M/U
D&
SAD
UD
A,
M/U
D&
SAD
6.2
6.3
101
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
....
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
102
....
103
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 9: Greening the Industries
....
Sri Lanka’s industrial sector, driven by private enterprise, is a major contributor to the country’s economy. Its contribution to the GDP has progressively increased over the years and now stands at 27%, second only to the services sector. Expectations are that it will continue to gain in importance in its capacity for providing employment and its potential for attracting foreign exchange.
The manufacturing industries have the potential for causing environmental damage by discharging waste products which are often toxic and hazardous. Among the industries of particular concern are textile dyeing and bleaching; paper; paints; cement; asbestos; leather tanning; rubber processing;foodprocessing; distilleries;manufacturing of agricultural andmineral products; andmetalworks.Industrialeffluentsaresourcesoftoxicinorganiccompoundscontainingheavymetalsaswellasorganiccompounds.
Hitherto much effort has gone into trying to resolve the problem of industrial waste management. The National Environmental Act is the main legislative enactment under which several regulations pertaining to the discharge of pollutants have been gazetted. The main regulatory body is the Central Environmental Agency. Under the law it is mandatory that an initial environmental examination report or an environmental impact assessment be prepared and approval obtained before certain prescribed industries are set up. The environmental protection licensing scheme requires existing industries that produce considerable quantities of liquid waste to have in-house waste water treatment plants. One approachthathasbeenadoptedandcouldbereplicatedistohaveacommoneffluenttreatmentplantfor industries grouped in an industrial estate.
Despite the range of legislative, administrative and regulatory actions taken to improve the performance of industries in safeguarding the environment, pollution from industrial sources is still a common occurrence. Strategies and actions are proposed for greening the industries and eliminating sources of environmental degradation in accordance with the national policy on cleaner production.
Several measures for consolidating cleaner production in industries are set out. These include reducing emission of pollutants and wastage of resources, targeting small and medium industries to exerciseenvironmentalcareandsocialresponsibility,promotingenergyuseefficiency,andswitchingtorenewable energy use where possible.
The establishment of eco-friendly industrial parks in the regions is proposed while also taking steps to improve the environmental infrastructure in the existing industrial estates. A scheme for establishing environmental performance criteria for the individual industries in the industrial estates couldbeintroduced.IndustriesshouldbeencouragedtoobtainISO14001certification.Amongtheotherproposals are promoting the use of environmentally friendly raw material, encouraging industries to recover resources from selected wastes, and encouraging industries to apply for carbon credits for their renewable energy projects.
miSSioN 9: greeNiNg tHe iNDuStrieS
Preamble
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 9: Greening the Industries
104
....
1. Consolidate Cleaner Production in Industries.
2. Establish Eco-industrial parks.
3. CertificationofIndustries.
4. Greening the Supply Chain.
5. Closing the Loop and Industrial Ecology.
6. Incentives for environmental friendly investments.
miSSioN 9: greeNiNg tHe iNDuStrieS
StrategieS
105
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 9: Greening the Industries
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
miS
Sio
N 9
: g
ree
NiN
g t
He i
ND
uSt
rie
S
ac
tio
NS
1. 1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Perc
enta
ge o
f In
dust
ries
prac
ticin
g C
P.
% e
mis
sion
redu
ctio
n.
Indu
strie
s cov
ered
.
Part
icip
atio
n of
SM
Es in
the
REA
P pr
ojec
t.
Best
pra
ctic
es a
dopt
ed.
Tota
l red
uctio
n in
GH
G
emis
sion
from
indu
strie
s.
% in
dust
ries p
artic
ipat
ion.
Cur
rent
Situ
atio
n<2
%
Cur
rent
Emis
sion
leve
l (To
be
esta
blis
hed)
No
orga
nize
dpr
ojec
ts fo
rSM
Es
Cur
rent
Emis
sion
Leve
l(to
be
esta
blis
hed)
Less
than
50 indu
strie
spa
rtic
ipat
ecu
rren
tly
5% 5%
5 SM
Es
10%
2%
M/I
D
M/I
D, N
CPC
,M
/H&
N
M/I
D, N
CPC
,M
/RI&
SEP,
M
/H&
N
M/I
D, N
CPC
M/I
D, N
CPC
Con
solid
ate
Cle
aner
Prod
uctio
n in
Indu
stri
es.
Act
ions
Redu
ce re
sour
ce w
asta
ge
and
Indu
stria
l Pol
lutio
n fr
om
Indu
strie
s.
Driv
e En
viro
nmen
tal &
Soc
ial
Resp
onsi
bilit
y of
SM
Es.
Prom
oteenergyefficiency
amon
g in
dust
ries t
o re
duce
de
pend
ence
on
foss
il-fu
els.
Reco
gniz
e, a
ppre
ciat
e an
d re
war
d in
dust
ries e
xcel
in
Envi
ronm
enta
l Res
pons
ibili
ty
thro
ugh
reso
urce
s con
serv
atio
n th
roug
h N
atio
nal C
lean
er
Prod
uctio
n A
war
ds.
30%
25%
25 S
MEs
30%
5%
50%
50%
100
SMEs
50%
10%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 9: Greening the Industries
106
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
2. 2.1
2.2
2.3
3. 3.1
Perc
ent g
row
th in
EIP
s.
Envi
ronm
enta
l inf
rast
ruct
ure
intr
oduc
ed/i
mpr
oved
.
Envi
ronm
enta
l Per
form
ance
C
riter
ia e
stab
lishe
d.
Num
ber o
f reg
iona
l ind
ustr
ial
esta
tes e
stab
lishe
d w
ith e
co
frie
ndly
app
licat
ions
.
PercentG
rowthofcertifi
ed
indu
strie
s.
Num
berofindustriescertifi
ed.
No
EIPs
curr
ently
Cur
rent
situ
atio
n
Cur
rent
lyno
spec
ial
crite
ria
Cur
rent
lyno
such
esta
tes
<1%
Now
Cur
rent
ly<5
0in
dust
ries
certified
20%
20%
20% 01 10%
10N
os
Esta
blis
h Ec
o-in
dust
rial
Par
ks
(EIP
s)
Act
ions
Impr
ove
envi
ronm
enta
l
infr
astr
uctu
re in
exi
stin
g In
dust
rial E
stat
e.
Esta
blis
h En
viro
nmen
tal
perf
orm
ance
crit
eria
for a
ll in
dust
ries i
n In
dust
rial E
stat
es.
Dev
elop
regi
onal
indu
stria
l es
tate
s in
each
regi
on w
ith
enha
nced
env
ironm
enta
l co
nsid
erat
ions
.
Cer
tifica
tion
of In
dust
ries
.
Act
ions
Prom
oteISO14001certifi
cation
of in
dust
ries e
stab
lishe
d ou
tsid
e th
e In
dust
rial E
stat
e.
50%
50%
50% 04 20%
100N
os
M/I
D
M/I
D/ R
egio
nal
Indu
stria
lD
evel
opm
ent
Div
isio
n
M/I
D/ R
egio
nal
Indu
stria
lD
evel
opm
ent
Div
isio
n
M/I
D/ R
egio
nal
Indu
stria
lD
evel
opm
ent
Div
isio
n
M/I
D
M/I
D, N
CPC
75%
75%
100% 10 50%
500N
os
107
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 9: Greening the Industries
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
3.2
4. 4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
Num
berofindustriescertifi
ed.
Perc
ent g
row
th in
es
tabl
ishm
ents
reso
rtin
g to
gr
een
proc
urem
ent.
Gui
delin
es a
vaila
ble.
Gre
en p
urch
ased
net
wor
k av
aila
ble.
Num
ber o
f ind
ustr
ies s
witc
hed
to re
new
able
fuel
s.
Num
ber o
f CER
S re
ceiv
ed.
% re
duct
ion
in h
azar
dous
su
bsta
nces
.
Cur
rent
ly
no indu
stria
les
tate
Cur
rent
situ
atio
n(Z
ero)
Cur
rent
Gui
delin
es
Cur
rent
lyno
gre
enPr
ocur
emen
tne
twor
k
Cur
rent
leve
l <2%
Cur
rent
leve
l (0)
Cur
rent
ly
no
form
al
Cha
nge
curr
ently
01 2% 10%
10%
10 P
DD
s
5%
FacilitateISO14001certification
of in
dust
ries l
ocat
ed w
ithin
in
dust
rial e
stat
e.
Gre
enin
g th
e Su
pply
Cha
in.
Act
ions
Dev
elop
gui
delin
es to
faci
litat
e in
dust
ries t
o se
lect
and
pro
cure
en
viro
nmen
tally
frie
ndly
raw
m
ater
ials
.
Prom
ote
gree
n pu
rcha
sing
.
Faci
litat
e in
dust
ries t
o Sw
itch
to re
new
able
fuel
s.
Enco
urag
e in
dust
ries t
o ap
ply
for c
arbo
n cr
edits
for t
heir
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y pr
ojec
ts.
Enco
urag
e Su
bstit
utio
n of
ha
zard
ous s
ubst
ance
with
no
n ha
zard
ous s
ubst
ance
s in
indu
strie
s.
03 5% Dra
ft G
uide
lines
20%
25%
25 P
DD
s
20%
M/I
D, N
CPC
M/I
D
M/I
D, N
CPC
,M
/H&
N
M/I
D, N
CPC
M/I
D, N
CPC
M/I
D, N
CPC
M/I
D, N
CPC
10 10%
Set o
f G
uide
lines
35%
75%
75 P
DD
s
30%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 9: Greening the Industries
108
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
4.6
5. 5.1
5.2
5.3
6.
% re
duct
ion
of n
on re
new
able
.
Perc
ent w
aste
em
issi
ons /
disc
harg
es sw
itche
d as
re
sour
ces f
or o
ther
ent
erpr
ises
.
% w
aste
s rec
ycle
d.
Num
ber o
f ind
ustr
ies i
nvol
ved
in re
sour
ce/w
aste
mat
eria
ls
shar
ing.
% re
cycl
ed m
ater
ials
use
d.
Redu
ctio
n of
tota
l En
viro
nmen
tal P
ollu
tion
Load
th
roug
h G
reen
Inve
stm
ents
.
Cur
rent
lyno
form
alC
hang
e
Cur
rent
leve
l<0
.1%
Cur
rent
Situ
atio
n<2
%
Cur
rent
situ
atio
nno
form
alm
atch
ing
Cur
rent
situ
atio
n<0
.1%
Cur
rent
Situ
atio
n(to
be
esta
blis
hed)
5% 5% 10%
20%
5% 5%
Enco
urag
e us
e of
rene
wab
le
mat
eria
ls in
indu
strie
s in
plac
e of
non
rene
wab
le m
ater
ials
w
here
ver p
ossi
ble.
Clo
sing
the
Loop
and
In
dust
rial
Eco
logy
.
Act
ions
Prom
ote
indu
strie
s to
reco
ver
reso
urce
s fro
m se
lect
ed w
aste
s st
ream
s with
in a
nd b
etw
een
indu
strie
s.
Mat
ch in
dust
ries w
hen
sele
ctin
g in
dust
rial e
stat
es to
max
imiz
e re
sour
ce re
use
and
foca
lly
recy
cled
mat
eria
ls in
indu
strie
s.
Cre
ate
a pl
atfo
rm to
mot
ivat
e th
e us
e of
loca
lly re
cycl
ed
mat
eria
l sym
bios
is w
ithin
cl
osel
y lo
cate
d in
dust
ries.
Ince
ntiv
es fo
r env
iron
men
tal
frie
ndly
inve
stm
ents
.
10%
15%
25%
50%
15%
15%
M/I
D, N
CPC
M/I
D
M/I
DIn
dust
rial
Polic
y Div
isio
n,
NC
PC
M/I
DIn
dust
rial
Polic
yD
ivis
ion,
NC
PC
M/I
DIn
dust
rial
Polic
yD
ivis
ion,
NC
PC
M/I
D
25%
25%
50%
30%
40%
109
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 9: Greening the Industries
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
6.1
6.2
Fina
ncia
l sch
eme/
s
avai
labl
e.
Mea
sure
s tak
en.
Exfr
iend
slo
ansc
hem
ePE
P gr
ant
sche
me
Cur
rent
Situ
atio
n(to
be
esta
blis
hed)
50beneficiaries
20%
Act
ions
Prom
ote
inno
vativ
e lo
w in
tere
stfinancialscheme/s(Green
Cre
dit)
to fa
cilit
ate
indu
strie
s to
switc
h to
Env
ironm
enta
l Su
stai
nabl
e Te
chno
logi
es(E
ST).
Mon
itor p
erfo
rman
ce st
rictly
to
eval
uate
the
expe
cted
out
com
e an
d ta
ke a
ctio
ns ti
mel
y to
br
idge
the
gaps
.
125
beneficiaries
50%
M/I
D
M/I
D
300
beneficiaries
100%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
110
....
111
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
....
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
112
....
113
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 10: Knowledge for Right Choices
....
Accomplishing the missions and attaining the goal of Haritha Lanka would require the country to steer through a path of sustainable development. The importance of sustainable development was highlighted at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, dubbed the Earth Summit,whichwasheldin1992.ForthefirsttimeinthehistoryoftheUnitedNations,countrieswereinvited to be represented by their heads of state. The message was clear – there was an overwhelming need for all countries to make a concerted effort to meet the challenge of balancing economic development with environmental care, and this message had to be accepted and acted upon by all countries at the highest political level.
Sri Lanka’s strategy for sustainable development focuses on eradicating poverty, ensuring competitiveness in the economy, improving social development, ensuring good governance and maintaining a clean and healthy environment. Every action in pursuit of economic development requires hard choices to be made to strike a balance between obtaining short term benefits andexercising proper environmental care. The government’s role is clear – it has to take measures to support economic development while ensuring that such development does not degrade the environment and so stultify the sustainability of the development programmes. Political will, supported by a clear understanding of the need to balance economic development with environmental protection is a sine qua non for accomplishing the missions. Foremost among the strategies is, therefore, the dissemination of information on sustainable development to the political sector. While the attention of those in the political sector will be focused mainly on socio-economic development, they must be made aware of the environmental safeguards that must be applied. Members of parliament, in particular, must be informed periodically on key national and international environmental issues which need priority attention. Members of provincial councils and local government bodies should also be kept informed on different aspects of sustainable development.
Muchcouldbeachievedbysensitizingtheschoolgoingpopulationonthebenefitsofprotectingthe environment. This could be done through making the necessary changes in the existing curricula and syllabi. It is also very necessary to conduct awareness programmes for principals, teachers and student leaders. While learning the tenets of environmental care, the students could be encouraged to take part in practical exercises relating to the subject in and around the school. Sustainable development aspects at a much more advanced level should be incorporated into appropriate course units in the universities and technical colleges.
The youth and the general public are vital segments of the population that need to be convinced of the importance of exercising proper environmental care if sustainable development programmes are to achieve complete success. In this respect, women could play an active role as change agents.
Knowledge on sustainable development should also be disseminated among the private sector and professional bodies.
miSSioN 10: kNowleDge For rigHt cHoiceS
Preamble
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 10: Knowledge for Right Choices
114
....
1. Disseminate information periodically on sustainable development to the political sector.
2. Promote behavior of students in support of the sustainable development.
3. Integrate physical, ecological and other environmental sensitive policies and practices within the school education system.
4. Incorporate sustainable development aspects in the curricular of Universities.
5. Incorporate sustainable development aspects in the curricular of Technical Colleges.
6. Promote behavioral changes amongst youth towards sustainable production and consumption.
7. Promote women to become change agents towards sustainable production and consumption practices.
8. Promote sustainable production & consumption practices amongst the general public.
9. Disseminate knowledge on Sustainable Development among the private sector and other professional bodies.
10. Ensure Environmental concerns are adequately incorporated at the project planning stage of all projects.
miSSioN 10: kNowleDge For rigHt cHoiceS
StrategieS
115
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 10: Knowledge for Right Choices
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
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3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
1. 1.1
1.2
2.
miS
Sio
N 1
0:
kN
ow
wle
Dg
e Fo
r r
igH
t c
Ho
iceS
ac
tio
NS
Act
ions
Dis
sem
inat
e in
form
atio
n pe
riod
ical
ly o
n su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t to
the
polit
ical
se
ctor
.
Kee
p th
e m
embe
rs o
f pa
rliam
ent (
MPs
) inf
orm
ed
perio
dica
lly o
n ke
y na
tiona
l an
d in
tern
atio
nal e
nviro
nmen
tal
issue
s whi
ch n
eed
prio
rity
atte
ntio
n in
soci
o-ec
onom
ic
deve
lopm
ent,
thro
ugh
parli
amen
tary
cons
ulta
tive
com
mitt
ees a
nd o
ther
mea
ns.
Dis
sem
inat
e in
form
atio
n on
is
sues
rela
ted
to su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t per
iodi
cally
to
pro
vinc
ial a
nd lo
cal l
evel
po
litic
al se
ctor
(aut
horit
ies)
.
Prom
ote
beha
vior
of s
tude
nts
in su
ppor
t of t
he su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t.
Incr
ease
d aw
aren
ess o
n ke
y en
viro
nmen
tal i
ssue
s to
be
cons
ider
ed in
soci
o-ec
onom
ic
deve
lopm
ent.
Redu
ctio
n of
com
plai
nts/
conflicts.
Incr
ease
d aw
aren
ess o
n ke
y en
viro
nmen
tal i
ssue
s to
be
cons
ider
ed in
soci
o-ec
onom
ic
deve
lopm
ent.
Redu
ctio
n of
com
plai
nts/
conflicts.
Incr
ease
d aw
aren
ess o
n su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t is
sues
and
redu
ctio
n of
co
mpl
aint
s.
Envi
ronm
ent r
elat
ed sk
ills,
know
ledg
e an
d co
mpe
tenc
ies
on su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t in
culc
ated
in a
ll th
e sc
hool
s.
Existingconflicts/
com
plai
nts (
in
2008
) tak
en u
p at
the
Parli
amen
tary
C
onsu
ltativ
e C
omm
ittee
Num
ber o
f ite
ms
take
n up
at
cons
ulta
tive
com
mitt
ee
mee
tings
on
conflictingissues.
Num
ber o
f de
cisi
ons t
aken
to
solveconflicting
issu
es.
Num
ber o
f co
mpl
aint
s re
ceiv
ed re
late
d to
en
viro
nmen
tal
degr
adat
ion(
2008
)
Yea
r 200
9
20%
re
duct
ion
25%
redu
ctio
n
10%
50%
re
duct
ion
60%
redu
ctio
n
30%
80%
re
duct
ion
100%
100%
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R,
CEA
, DW
LC,
GSM
B, M
PPA
, M
/UD
&SA
D,
DFC
,
M/H
&N
M/E
&N
R, C
EA,
DW
LC,
GS&
MB,
MPP
A,
M/U
D&
SAD
,M
/LG
&PC
, PC
s, D
FCM
/E
25%
60%
100%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 10: Knowledge for Right Choices
116
....
Revi
ew th
e exi
stin
g cu
rric
ulum
an
d id
entif
y cu
rric
ulum
ba
sed
prin
cipl
e sub
ject a
reas
(C
once
pt a
nd p
ract
ices
) rel
atin
g tosu
stainabled
evelopment;
prim
ary
(Gra
de1-
5), s
econ
dary
(G
rade
6-11
), A
Ls (G
rade
12-1
3).
Iden
tify
envi
ronm
enta
l rel
ated
co
mpo
nent
s ens
hrin
ed in
the
exist
ing
sylla
bi b
y di
ffere
nt
curr
icul
um te
ams.
Incorporateidentifiedsp
ecial
subj
ect a
reas
in re
latio
n to
the
envi
ronm
enta
l edu
catio
n fo
r su
stai
nabl
e dev
elop
men
t to
the
curr
ent s
ylla
bi.
Crea
te a
war
enes
s pro
gram
mes
fo
r tra
inin
g of
trai
ners
- N
atio
nal
Leve
l and
Pro
vinc
ial
Leve
l.Cr
eate
aw
aren
ess p
rogr
amm
es
for p
rinci
pals,
teac
hers
, st
uden
t lea
ders
and
par
ent
repr
esen
tativ
es.
Ado
pt a
surv
ey to
ass
ess l
evel
of
acq
uisit
ion
of re
late
d le
anin
g co
mpe
tenc
ies b
y st
uden
ts.
Inte
grat
e ph
ysic
al, e
colo
gica
l an
d ot
her e
nviro
nmen
tal
sens
itive
pol
icie
s and
pra
ctic
es
with
in th
e sc
hool
edu
catio
n sy
stem
.
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
3.
Envi
ronm
enta
l rel
ated
subj
ect
areasidentifiedwithrelated
subj
ect d
omai
n.
Subjectareasidentified.
Conc
epts
on
Sust
aina
ble
Dev
elop
men
t inc
orpo
rate
d.
Awar
enes
s pro
gram
mes
co
nduc
ted.
Wor
ksho
ps co
nduc
ted.
Ta
rget
gro
ups c
onsu
lted.
Surv
ey co
mpl
eted
and
repo
rts
avai
labl
e.
Polic
ies i
nstit
utio
naliz
ed.
Year
200
9
Yea
r 200
9
Yea
r 200
9
Yea
r 200
9
Yea
r 200
9
Yea
r 200
9
Yea
r 200
9
15%
10%
5% 10%
5% 15%
35%
30%
10%
20%
20%
25%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
60%
M/E
and
NIE
M/E
and
NIE
M/E
and
NIE
NIE
, M/E
, EP
Ds,
M
/NB&
EID
EPD
s
EPD
s
M/E
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
Act
ions
117
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 10: Knowledge for Right Choices
....
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line
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t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
3.1
3.2
4. 4.1
4.2
Act
ions
Issu
e a co
mpr
ehen
sive
envi
ronm
enta
l saf
egua
rd ch
eck
list t
o re
leva
nt p
artn
ers b
y go
ing
thro
ugh
nece
ssar
y or
dina
nces
an
d ac
ts.
Take
step
s to
ensu
re a
ll ed
ucat
iona
l ins
titut
ions
in
the g
ener
al ed
ucat
ion
syst
em
toadheretopredefined
envi
ronm
enta
l saf
egua
rd
polic
ies a
nd a
scer
tain
a le
arne
r fri
endl
y gr
eene
r env
ironm
ent a
t sc
hool
Inco
rpor
ate
sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent a
spec
ts in
to th
e cu
rric
ular
of u
nive
rsiti
es.
Act
ions
Revi
ew th
e exi
stin
g cu
rric
ulum
an
d id
entif
y ap
prop
riate
subj
ect
area
s tha
t nee
d to
be r
evise
d in
corp
orat
ing
sust
aina
ble
Dev
elop
men
t pra
ctic
es a
ndta
ke m
easu
res f
or in
corp
orat
ion.
Iden
tify
subj
ect a
reas
whi
ch
need
sepa
rate
mod
ules
to
com
plet
e Life
cycl
e int
egra
tion
and
deve
lop
sepa
rate
mod
ules
to
ensu
re a
dequ
ate c
over
age.
Chec
k lis
ts is
sued
.
Mon
itorin
g m
echa
nism
s av
aila
ble a
nd R
epor
ts o
f fe
edba
ck.
Sust
aina
ble d
evel
opm
ent
aspe
cts i
ncor
pora
ted.
Cur
ricul
um re
view
ed.
App
ropr
iate
subj
ect a
reas
identifiedandsu
stainable
deve
lopm
ent a
spec
ts
inco
rpor
ated
.
Subj
ect a
reas
whi
ch n
eed
separatemodulesidentified.
New
mod
ules
dev
elop
ed.
Year
200
9
Not
Av
aila
ble
Perc
enta
ge
cove
red
in20
08
Exis
ting
curr
icul
um
cove
ring
Sust
aina
ble
Dev
elop
men
t is
sues
.
Exis
ting
su
bjec
t are
as
& m
odul
es
avai
labl
e w
ith
the
life
cycl
e m
anag
emen
t
10%
10%
40%
60%
60%
30%
30%
100%
100%
100%
100%
60%
EPD
s, M
/E
M/E
M/E
&N
R
UG
C,
Uni
vers
ities
,M
/HE
UG
C,
Uni
vers
ities
,M
/HE,
M
/H&
N
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 10: Knowledge for Right Choices
118
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
4.3
5. 5.1
5.2
5.3
Revi
ew th
e out
com
e of t
he
inco
rpor
atio
n by
com
mun
icat
ing
with
nat
iona
l pol
icy
mak
ers a
nd
take
nec
essa
ry a
ctio
ns to
upd
ate/
valid
ate t
he cu
rric
ula.
Inco
rpor
ate
sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent a
spec
ts in
the
curr
icul
a of
Tec
hnic
al C
olle
ges.
Act
ions
Iden
tify
key
subj
ect a
reas
in th
ecu
rricu
la o
f all
tech
nica
l edu
catio
n
cour
ses w
hich
nee
d in
tegr
atio
n of
sust
aina
ble p
rodu
ctio
n an
d co
nsum
ptio
n pr
actic
es.
Revi
se th
e cur
ricul
ar b
y in
tegr
atio
n of
sust
aina
ble
prod
uctio
n an
d co
nsum
ptio
n pr
actic
es.
Dev
elop
a sy
stem
to m
easu
re
perfo
rman
ce o
f the
inte
grat
ion
and
take
act
ions
to re
vise
the
curr
icul
a as
app
ropr
iate
whe
re
nece
ssar
y.
Gapsidentified.
Curr
icul
a up
date
d/va
lidat
ed.
Sust
aina
ble d
evel
opm
ent
aspe
cts i
ncor
pora
ted.
Keysu
bjectareasidentified.
Curr
icul
a re
vise
d.Pr
ogre
ss re
ports
.
Syst
em d
evel
oped
to m
easu
re
perfo
rman
ce.
Feed
back
repo
rts.
Avai
labl
e cu
rric
ulum
Exis
ting
curr
icul
um
cove
ring
sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent
aspe
cts.
Avai
labl
e su
bjec
t are
a
Avai
labl
e cu
rric
ula
cove
ring
Sust
aina
ble
Dev
elop
men
t
Exis
ting
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
20%
40%
40%
60%
100%
100%
50%
UG
C,
Uni
vers
ities
, M
/E&
NR,
CE
A
M/E
&N
R
M/V
&TT
, TV
EC,
M/E
&N
R,
CEA
M/V
&TT
, TV
EC,
M/E
&N
R,
CEA
M/V
&TT
, TV
EC, C
EA
100%
100%
100%
119
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 10: Knowledge for Right Choices
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
6. 6.1
6.2
6.3
Prom
ote
beha
vior
al ch
ange
s am
ongs
t you
th to
war
ds
sust
aina
ble
prod
uctio
n an
d co
nsum
ptio
n.
Act
ions
Iden
tify
and
deve
lop
user
fri
endl
y co
mm
unic
atio
n m
odel
s th
at ca
n be
use
d to
acq
uire
sk
ills,
know
ledg
e and
val
ues
that
pro
mot
e beh
avio
rs o
f you
th
on su
stai
nabl
e pro
duct
ion
and
cons
umpt
ion
prac
tices
.
Popu
lariz
e the
se m
odel
s am
ong
yout
h an
d pr
ovid
e acc
ess t
o kn
ow-h
ow.
Dev
elop
feed
back
syst
ems t
o ev
alua
te th
e ef
fect
iven
ess o
f the
m
odul
es a
nd ta
ke a
ppro
pria
te
actio
ns to
mee
t cha
lleng
es.
Best
pra
ctic
es a
dopt
ed
Succ
ess s
torie
s & fa
ilure
s.In
crea
sing
dem
and
on
envi
ronm
enta
l frie
ndly
pr
oduc
ts a
nd sy
stem
s.
Com
mun
icat
ion
mod
els
deve
lope
d to
suit
diffe
rent
ta
rget
gro
ups a
nd te
sted
for
valid
ity.
Num
ber o
f you
th/Y
outh
gr
oups
con
tact
ed/i
nvol
ved.
Num
ber o
f sur
veys
con
duct
ed
and
repo
rts a
vaila
ble
with
fe
edba
ck.
Exis
ting
beha
vior
al
chan
ges/
prac
tices
Exis
ting
med
ia
cam
paig
ns
and
vert
isem
ents
w
hich
pro
vide
in
cent
ives
fo
r cha
nge
beha
vior
.
Exis
ting
mod
ules
co
verin
g su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t pr
actic
es.
Exis
ting
mod
ules
co
verin
g su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t pr
actic
es.
10%
100%
100%
40%
25%
100%
M/E
&N
R
Nat
iona
l Yo
uth
coun
cil,
M/Y
A,
M/M
M&
I, M
/CA
, CEA
, M
/E&
NR,
M
/S&
T, V
C
Nat
iona
l Yo
uth
coun
cil,
M/Y
A,
M/M
M&
I,
M
/CA
, CEA
, M
/E&
NR,
VC
Nat
iona
l Yo
uth
coun
cil,
M/Y
A,
M/M
M&
I, M
/CA
,CEA
, M
/E&
NR
M/S
&T,
VC
50%
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 10: Knowledge for Right Choices
120
....
Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
7. 7.1
7.2
7.3
8.
Prom
ote
wom
en to
bec
ome
chan
ge a
gent
s to
war
ds
sust
aina
ble
prod
uctio
n an
d co
nsum
ptio
n pr
actic
es.
Act
ions
Iden
tify
and
deve
lop
user
fr
iend
ly c
omm
unic
atio
n m
odel
s and
pro
vide
acc
ess t
o kn
ow h
ow a
nd in
form
atio
n to
pr
omot
e be
havi
oral
cha
nges
fo
r sus
tain
able
pro
duct
ion
and
cons
umpt
ion
patte
rns a
t hou
se
hold
and
com
mun
ity le
vel.
Popu
lariz
e th
ese
mod
els
amon
g w
omen
and
pro
vide
ac
cess
to k
now
-how
.
Dev
elop
feed
back
syst
ems t
o ev
alua
te th
e ef
fect
iven
ess o
f the
m
odul
es a
nd ta
ke a
ppro
pria
te
actio
ns to
mee
t cha
lleng
es.
Prom
ote
sust
aina
ble
prod
uctio
n &
con
sum
ptio
n pr
actic
es a
mon
-gst
the
gene
ral
publ
ic.
Num
ber o
f Com
mun
ity
grou
ps a
ct a
s cha
nge
agen
ts.
Best
pra
ctic
es a
dopt
ed.
Num
ber o
f Dec
lara
tions
sign
ed.
Prov
ince
s cov
ered
.
Use
r frie
ndly
com
mun
icat
ion
mod
els
deve
lope
d.N
umbe
r of w
omen
gro
ups
cons
ulte
d/in
volv
ed.
Num
ber o
f wom
en g
roup
s co
ntac
ted/
invo
lved
.
Num
ber o
f sur
veys
co
nduc
ted
and
repo
rts
avai
labl
e w
ith fe
edba
ck.
Best
pra
ctic
es a
dopt
ed.
Succ
ess s
torie
s & fa
ilure
s.
Avai
labl
e Pr
actic
es
Exis
ting
com
mun
icatio
n m
etho
ds
avai
labl
e
Exis
ting
mod
ules
Exis
ting
mod
ules
Exis
ting
best
pr
actic
esTr
aditi
onal
pr
actic
es
1Pr
ovin
ce
100%
30%
20%
20%
4 pr
ovin
ces
100%
50%
50%
3 Pr
ovin
ces
100%
100%
M/E
&N
R
M/C
D&
WA
, M
/E&
NR,
CEA
, W
omen
’s B
urea
u,
M/N
B&EI
D
M/C
D&
WA
, C
EA,
Wom
en’s
Bur
eau,
M
/NB&
EID
M/C
D&
WA
, C
EA,
Wom
en’s
Bur
eau,
M
/NB&
EID
M/E
&N
R
121
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 10: Knowledge for Right Choices
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Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
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0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
Indi
cato
rsSt
rate
gies
/Act
ions
8.1
8.2
9. 9.1
Act
ions
Iden
tify
and
deve
lop
user
fri
endl
y co
mm
unic
atio
n m
odel
s th
at ca
n be
use
d to
acq
uire
skill
s, kn
owle
dge a
nd v
alue
s tha
t pr
omot
e beh
avio
rs o
f gen
eral
pu
blic
on
sust
aina
ble p
rodu
ctio
n an
d co
nsum
ptio
n pr
actic
es.
Popu
lariz
e the
se m
odel
s am
ong
gene
ral p
ublic
.
Dis
sem
inat
e kn
owle
dge
on
Sust
aina
ble
Dev
elop
men
t am
ong
the
priv
ate
sect
or a
nd
othe
r pro
fess
iona
l bod
ies.
Act
ions
Dev
elop
a c
omm
unic
atio
n m
echa
nism
and
acc
ess t
o in
form
atio
n on
sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent i
ssue
s with
bes
t pr
actic
es.
Com
mun
icat
ion
mod
els
deve
lope
d to
suit
diffe
rent
ta
rget
gro
ups a
nd te
sted
for v
alid
ity.
Met
hodo
logy
ado
pted
to
popu
lariz
e the
mod
els.
Num
ber o
f diss
emin
atio
n ev
ents
take
n pl
ace.
Goo
d pr
actic
es a
nd le
sson
s le
arnt
.
Com
mun
icat
ion
mec
hani
sm
esta
blish
ed.
Exist
ing
med
ia
cam
paig
ns a
nd
adve
rtis
emen
ts
whi
ch p
rovi
de
ince
ntiv
es
for c
hang
e
beha
vior
.
Exist
ing
m
odul
es
Avai
labl
e in
form
atio
n
Exist
ing
mec
hani
sm
100%
30%
50%
50%
50%
100%
100%
100%
M/C
A,
M
/MM
&I,
CEA
, M/E
&N
R,
M/N
B&EI
D
M/C
A,
Pvt.
Sect
or,
Bank
s,M
/E&
NR
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R,
Pvt.
Sect
or,
Bank
s
....
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 10: Knowledge for Right Choices
122
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Base
line
Shor
t Te
rm20
09 -1
0
Med
ium
te
rm20
09-1
3
Long
Te
rm20
09 -1
6
Lead
R
espo
nsib
le
Age
ncy
(In
Bold
)
Targ
ets
Key
Per
form
ance
In
dica
tors
Stra
tegi
es/A
ctio
ns
9.2
9.3
10.
10.1
10.2
Incl
ude a
com
pone
nt in
the
Har
itha
Lank
a w
ebsit
e to
ensu
re a
cces
s to
info
rmat
ion
on
sust
aina
ble d
evel
opm
ent i
ssue
s re
late
d to
priv
ate s
ecto
r and
pr
ofes
siona
l bod
ies.
Prom
ote p
rivat
e sec
tor a
nd o
ther
prof
essio
nal i
nstit
utio
ns
to in
corp
orat
e sus
tain
able
de
velo
pmen
t pra
ctic
es in
the
econ
omic
and
soci
al d
evel
opm
ent
syst
ems/
proc
edur
es.
Ensu
re E
nviro
nmen
tal c
once
rns
are
adeq
uate
ly in
corp
orat
ed a
t th
e pr
ojec
t pla
nnin
g st
age
of a
ll pr
ojec
ts.
Act
ions
Stre
ngth
en th
e exi
stin
g sy
stem
of
the D
epar
tmen
t of N
atio
nal
Plan
ning
to en
sure
envi
ronm
enta
l co
ncer
ns a
re co
nsid
ered
at
the i
nitia
l sta
ge o
f the
pro
ject
plan
ning
.
Intro
duce
Stra
tegi
c En
viro
nmen
tal A
sses
smen
ts
(SEA
) for
maj
or d
evel
opm
ent
prog
ram
mes
/Pla
ns/P
olic
ies.
A co
mpo
nent
incl
uded
in th
e w
ebsit
e.
Sust
aina
ble d
evel
opm
ent
pr
actic
es in
corp
orat
ed in
pr
ivat
e sec
tor.
Num
ber o
f gre
en jo
bs in
crea
sed.
Num
ber o
f Pro
jects
.
Are
a co
vere
d.
App
ropr
iate
stru
ctur
al ch
ange
s m
ade.
Num
ber o
f Stra
tegi
c
En
viro
nmen
tal A
sses
smen
ts
(SEA
) int
rodu
ced.
Are
a co
vere
d.
Exist
ing
Syst
em
Exist
ing
prac
tices
Avai
labl
e EI
A a
nd IE
E pr
oced
ures
Exist
ing
syst
em
Exist
ing
prog
ram
s, Pl
ans &
po
licie
s
100%
30%
30%
100%
100%
100%
70%
M/E
&N
R
M/E
&N
R,
Pvt.
Sect
or,
Bank
sM
/LR&
M
M/F
&P
NPD
, M/F
&P
CEA
,M
/E&
NR,
All
the
Min
istrie
s in
trodu
ces n
ew
polic
ies
123
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
....
National Action Plan for Haritha Lanka Programme Mission 1: Clean Air - Everywhere
124
....