Nation of KingsBy: Mackenzie Siverd, Zach Birkbeck, Paula Miller, Annabelle Roth, Brendan Becker, Drew Smiley, Zach May, Devon Kelly, Olivia Buentello, and Nicole Arita

Louis IXGovernment/Politics Ruled from 1226-1270 Came to the throne at age

12 Created a supreme court for

France called the Parlement of Paris- could overturn the decisions of local courts

Had a reputation for honor and fairness

He created a hospital for the poor, blind, and sick

He strengthened France’s central government

Religion Was made a saint in 1297

by Pope Boniface VIII

Technology/Warfare He led the 7th crusade

Philip IVGovernment/Politics Philip was born in 1268 and died

in 1314 King of France from 1285-1314 Kings usually had meetings with

their lords and bishops when they needed support

Nicknamed Philip the Fair To win wider support, a decision

was made to include people of the middle class

Church leaders- First Estate Great lords- Second Estate Middle-class- Third Estate The whole meeting was known as

the Estate General Like Parliament in it early years,

estates- helped to increase royal power against the nobility

Unlike Parliament- the Estates never became an independent force that limited the king’s power

Economy/Trade He increased the royal

revenue- the income of a government, used to pay for a nation’s expenses

Taxed the clergy- religious leader, for defense of the kingdom

Charles VIGovernment/Politics He came to power in 1368 at

the age of 12 and ruled until 1422

Charles suffered from many different mental illnesses but no one could figure out what they were

Charles’ first psychotic event was in 1392 when he attempted to murder his advisor

Charles’ uncle was Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy and he took over the government

Had two nicknames during his rule- Beginning- Charles the Beloved, End- Charles the Mad

Charles married Bavarian Princess Isabeau in 1385

Economy/Trade Philip raised taxes and

plundered- to steal goods from a place or person, the treasury

Charles fixed his uncle’s mistakes which were raising the taxes and stealing treasure from the empire

Technology/Warfare Charles was riding to go to war

when a man stopped him and said, “Ride no further, noble king! Turn back! You are betrayed!”

Charles did not believe the man and beat him

However, Charles then became worried and thought he was riding with traitors- he killed four men, calmed down, and went into a coma

Charles VIIGovernment/Politics He was born on February 22nd,

1403 as the 11th child of Charles VI and died on July 22nd, 1461

Won the French throne with the help of Joan of Arc- after Joan’s victory in Orleans, she convinced Charles to come with her to be crowned king

On Sunday, July 17, 1429, he was crowned king

Charles was nicknamed “Charles the Well-Served”

Charles also set up a royal class using the middle class men as officials

Joan was captured in 1430 and accused of being a witch and a heretic

Even though Charles owed his crown to her, he did nothing to help rescue her

Economy/Trade He found new sources of

money in two taxes:-taille- a tax on land-gabelle- a tax on salt

For more than 300 years- these taxes were the main source of money for French kings

Technology/Warfare Drove the English out of

France in 1453 except the city of Calais

Set up the first permanent royal army

Louis XIGovernment /Politics He was the king of France of

the house of Valois and he continued the work of his father

He used trickery, intimidation, bribery, and espionage-the use of spying

Nobles who resisted his rules were bribed or bullied into submission- the willingness to surrender to somebody

Nickname- “Spider King” because of how he “spun a spider web” of plot and conspiracy

He eliminated rebellious vassals

He passed on almost unlimited power to his heirs

To protect Europe, he put all his nobles’ courts there

Economy/Trade Louis gained more money

by using the two taxes Charles VII (his father) created, taille and gabelle

He strengthened the economic development of his country

Works CitedLouis IX http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/348849/Louis-IX www.justus.anglican.org/resources/bio/47.html

Philip IV http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/456170/Philip-IV  http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/people/philip-iv-king-france.html

Charles VI https://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Charles_VI_of_France.ht

ml http://madmonarchs.guusbeltman.nl/madmonarchs/charles6/charles6_bio.htm

Charles VII http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/107133/Charles-VII http://historymedren.about.com/library/who/blwwcharles7.htm

Louis XI http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/348891/Louis-XI http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Louis_XI_of_France.html