NASA/SLI Technology Development Status - Landsat · NASA/SLI Technology Development Status ......

July 11, 2017

Sachidananda Babu

Technology Development Manager (SLI)

Earth Science Technology Office

NASA/SLI Technology Development Status 2017 Landsat Science Team Meeting

ESD Technology Activities Managed by ESTO

ESTO manages specific sets of technology development and integration projects

on behalf of the ESD Research and Flight programs.

Airborne Instrument Technology Transition (AITT)

provides campaign ready airborne instrumentation to support the objectives of the R&A

Program. AITT converts mature instruments into operational suborbital assets that can

participate in field experiments, evaluate new satellite instrument concepts, and/or

provide calibration and validation of satellite instruments. (average award: $1M)

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Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry:

Ocean Color Remote Sensing Vicarious Calibration Instruments

in situ vicarious calibration instrument systems to maintain global climate-quality

ocean color remote sensing radiances and reflectance's (average award: $2.3M)

Earth Venture Instruments – Technology

funding from the Flight Program’s Earth Systems Science Pathfinder (ESSP) program to

further develop promising, highly-rated Earth Venture proposals that require additional

technology risk reductions (average award: $5 - 8M)

Sustainable Land Imaging-Technology (SLI-T)

New technologies and reduced costs for future land imaging (Landsat)

measurements

First solicitation released in FY16 (average award: $3-7M )

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Aquarius – Launched 2011

- Ultra-Stable Radiometers (B. Wilson, IIP-01)

- Lightweight Feed (S. Yueh, ACT-02)

- Calibration Subsystem (J. Peipmeier, ACT-99) SMAP – Launched 2015

- Digital RFI Detector (C. Ruf, IIP-04)

- SoilScape Cal/Val sensor web (M. Moghaddam,

AIST-08)

SWOT – Launch NET 2020

- Deployable Ka-band Antennas (M. Thompson, ACT-08)

- Precision Deployable Mast(G. Agnes, ACT-10)

- 3-frequency Microwave Radiometer (S. Reising, ACT-

08)

Hurricane and Severe Storm Sentinel (HS3) –

2011-14

- HAMSR Sounding Radiometer (B. Lambrigsten, IIP-98)

- HIWRAP Ku- and Ka-band Radar (G. Heymsfield, IIP-04)

- Tropospheric Wind Lidar (B. Gentry, IIP-04)

- EPOS Operational Assessment Tools (S. Kolitz, AIST-11)

DISCOVER-AQ – 2011-15

- GEO-TASO UV-Vis

spectrometer (J. Leitch,

IIP-10)

CYGNSS – NET 2016

- GPS Reflection Wind Speed System

(S. Katzberg, ATI-03)

TEMPO – NLT 2021

- GeoSpec Spectrograph (S. Janz, IIP-02)

- GEO-TASO UV-Vis spectrometer (J. Leitch, IIP-10)

AirMOSS – 2010-15

- Microwave Observatory of Subcanopy and

Subsurface (M. Moghaddam, IIP-01)

- Land Information System for AirMOSS (Moghaddam, AIST-11)

- UAVSAR (S. Hensley, IIP-04)

ESTO Technology Infusion Examples: Enabling Earth Science Missions

ESTO investments in Remote Sensing

ESTO Technology Development Program

AIST Program SLI-T & InVEST Programs IIP & ACT Programs

Sustainable Land Imaging

Program

(for future Landsat)

Infusion into NASA Earth Science

Programs

Sustainable Land Imaging-Technology

(SLI-T) Program Overview & Objectives

“New technologies and reduced costs for future land imaging (Landsat) measurements”

• The goals of the SLI-T program are to research, develop, and

demonstrate new measurement technologies that improve upon

the Nation’s current land imaging capabilities while at the same

time reduce the overall program cost risk for future SLI

measurements.

The SLI-T program seeks to:

• Reduce the risk, cost, size, volume, mass, and development time for the

next generation SLI instruments, while still meeting or exceeding the

current land imaging program capabilities;

• Improve the temporal, spatial, and spectral resolution of SLI

measurements; and

• Enable new SLI measurements that can improve the future program’s

operational efficiency and reduce the overall costs of the Nation’s land

imaging capabilities.

FY15 SLI-T Summary

A ROSES call was made for technology development activities leading to

new instrument component- and subsystem-level airborne and space based

sustainable land imaging measurement techniques.

• ROSES15 A.47 NNH15ZDA001N-SLIT released December 18, 2015

Two areas were solicited:

‒ Advance Technology Demonstrations (Systems/Instruments) -

~80% of SLI-T funding targeting the next Landsat mission (LS10)

‒ Technology Investments (Subsystems/Components) –

~20% of the SLI-T funding targeting the next Landsat mission +1 (LS11)

• Selected three ATD and three TI tasks in August 2016

Sustainable Land Imaging-Technology-15 Status

Completed first interim reviews for all awards

PI Name PI Org Status Project Title Start

Date

End

Date

Comments

Kampe Ball Compact Hyperspectral

Prism Spectrometer

09/01/16 08/31/19

ATD

First interim review held

04/26/17

Puschell Raytheon Advanced Technology Land

Imaging Spectroradiometer

(ATLIS)

10/16/16 10/15/18

ATD


04/11/17

Wamsley Ball Reduced Envelope Multi-

spectral Imager

09/01/16 08/31/19

ATD


04/26/17

Ting JPL Long Wavelength Infrared

Focal Plane Array for Land

Imaging

10/01/16 09/30/19

TI


02/16/17

Sandor -

Leahy

Northrop

Grumman

Integrated Photonic Imaging

Spectrometer

09/27/16 09/26/21

TI


04/13/17

Yoo University

Of

California,

Davis

Multi-Spectral, Low-Mass,

High-Resolution Integrated

Photonic Land Imaging

Technology

09/01/16 08/31/19

TI


04/27/17

SLI-T 15 Advanced Technology

Demonstrations

Thomas Kampe, Ball Aerospace & Tech Corp.

Mature Ball Compact Hyperspectral Prism

Spectrometer(CHPS) small form factor VSWIR imaging

spectrometer for SLI Demo mission. Advance TRL

through airborne demonstration validating instrument low

stray light performance

Jeff Puschell, Raytheon

Demonstrate compact low mass Advanced

Technology Land Imaging Spectrometer (ATLIS)

design approach with wide field of view (WFOV,

freeform fast optics, large format small detector digital

FPS and on-chip Time delay Integration (TDI) to

SLI-T VSWIR requirements

NNH15ZDA001N-SLIT

A12584 Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Proprietary Information 2

Use or disclosure of the information contained in this proposal is subject to the restrictions on page i of this proposal.

Table 1. The pushbroom CHPS addresses the SLI’s data continuity mandate.

Parameter Value Benefit

Spectral Range 400 nm-2.5 µm Full coverage of Landsat VSWIR bands

Stray Light See discussion Low stray light supports radiometric accuracy needed for data continuity

Spectral Uniformity

>90% Low spatial-spectral mixing supports data continuity by ensuring spectral content assigned to correct ground pixel

Spatial Uniformity >90%

Slit Length 30 mm Supports wide swath

F/# 3 Moderate F/# eases tolerances and manufacturability

Figure 1 shows the opto-mechanical layout, the breadboard implementation, and the white light

spectrum image. This hardware demonstration was developed as a Ball Internal Research and

Development (IR&D) program. One objective was demonstrating a wide swath imaging

spectrometer for land use applications with low stray light; the stray light requirement led

directly to the prism solution. CHPS’ high performance relies on wedged spherical elements with

a resulting in loss of element symmetry. Optimax met the specifications for all of the non-

standard elements with no waivers, delays, or reworks. Procurement cost of the complete set of

optics (3-lenses and 2-mirrors) was more than a factor of 10 less than a recent Ball procurement

of a single diffraction grating for an Offner spectrometer. Optical alignment was an extension to

refractive elements of the Zeiss Coordinate Measuring Machine techniques developed for the

ESTO funded IIP MOS; CHPS was aligned in 3 days. Figure 1’s right panel shows the white

light spectrum of a long Lenox Laser fabricated slit. Aggressive Ball investments have mitigated

design, procurement, and alignment risks. The next step is to raise the TRL of the SLI class opto-

mechanical system enabled by CHPS.

Figure 1. CHPS’ critical function as a spectrometer has been demonstrated on a Ball Internal Research and Development (IR&D) program. Left: opto-mechanical layout. Middle: assembled and aligned spectrometer breadboard. Right: spectrum of a white light source illuminating the 30 mm length of the slit; the picture was taken with a commercial DSLR. FL: Field Lens. M: Mirror.

Table 2 summarizes the spectral dispersion. On a per pixel basis these values are the

instrumental contribution to the spectral response function bandwidth. Green [1998] argue that

uniform spectral sampling is required to accurately retrieve biochemical properties from

terrestrial ecosystems. ESA’s Airborne Prism Experiment (APEX) is a dual-channel solar

reflective imaging spectrometer with a non-linear dispersion like CHPS. A large number of

ecological parameters are successfully retrieved from APEX data (Schaepman et al., 2015).

Paula Wamsley,

Ball Aerospace & Technology Corporation

Develop a compact multispectral instrument for SLI and

perform an airborne demonstration. Key technologies

include: scan mechanism to perform step-stare motion,

jitter removal, and image motion correction.

NNH15ZDA001N-SLIT



1.8. Quad Chart

RAYTHEON COMPETITION SENSITIVE EXPORT CONTROLLED

21

Unpublished work. Copyright 2016 Raytheon Company.


Demonstrations Thomas Kampe, Ball Aerospace & Tech Corp.

Mature Ball Compact Hyperspectral Prism Spectrometer(CHPS) small form factor VSWIR

imaging spectrometer for SLI Demo mission. Advance TRL through airborne demonstration

validating instrument low stray light performance

Space borne instrument concept development is on-going

CHPS VSWIR imaging spectrometer with separate TIR instrument feasible within

volume approaching Reduced Instrument Volume Requirement – 0.5 m cube

Radiometric Math Model adapted to spaceborne system

– SLI-T CHPS Flight Concept Meets SNR Requirements at the Binned RMA Bands

and at Nearly All Single-Pixel Wavelengths


Demonstrations Jeff Puschell, Raytheon

Demonstrate compact low mass Advanced Technology Land Imaging Spectrometer (ATLIS) design

approach with wide field of view (WFOV, freeform fast optics, large format small detector digital

FPS and on-chip Time delay Integration (TDI) to SLI-T VSWIR requirements

New and emerging optical and focal plane

technology enables much smaller land imagers than

current systems

Innovative signal processing methods to RER slope

and SNR and lead to further reductions in land

imager size, mass and power

ATLIS-P supports both a disaggregated architecture

and a full spectrum instrument and provides a

testbed that can be used in future technology

demonstrations

Key ATLIS-P technology (free form reflective

telescope, digital FPA) benefits many other NASA

Earth Science missions, especially those involving

small satellite systems


Demonstrations

Paula Wamsley, Ball Aerospace & Technology Corporation

Develop a compact multispectral instrument for SLI and perform an airborne demonstration. Key

technologies include: scan mechanism to perform step-stare motion, jitter removal, and image

motion correction.

Mechanical Packaging Concept Complete

NNH15ZDA001N-SLIT



1.8. Quad Chart

SLI-T 15 Technology Investments

S J Ben Yoo, UC Davis

Design, fabrication and testing of an electro-optical

(EO) imaging sensor concept that provides a low

mass, low volume alternative to the traditional bulky

optical telescope and focal plane detector array

ROSES 2015 SLI-T TI

NRA NNH15ZDA001N-SLIT LONG WAVELENGTH INFRARED FPA FOR LAND IMAGING

1-16 Use or disclosure of information c ontained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the Cover Page of this proposal.

1.8 Quad Chart

David Ting, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Demonstrate a high-performance long-wavelength

infrared (LWIR) focal plane array (FPA) technology

with the flexibility to meet a variety of possible future

land imaging needs.

Stephanie Sandor-Leahy, Northrop Grumman

Develop next-generation compact SLI instrument

based on NGAS photonic waveguides

Reduce instrument volume by x25, mass by x7

compared to current multispectral approach

NNH15ZDA001N

Northrop Grumman Private/Proprietary Level I 1-1 16-75987

Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restriction on the title page of this proposal.

1. SCIENTIFIC/TECHNICAL/MANAGEMENT

Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems understands SLI requirements and the need to evolve

the mission to achieve a sustained land imaging capability for the future. Our innovative

approach preserves critical data continuity while adding the power of hyperspectral imaging

in a small and affordable instrument.

1.1 DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED TECHNOLOGY

We propose a highly integrated photonic SLI instrument manufactured using established

semiconductor fabrication processes to provide a new hyperspectral land imaging capability.

For more than 40 years the Landsat program has provided the Earth science community with

highly accurate global multispectral imagery (MSI) to monitor our planet and its ecosystems. In

that time, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) has emerged and demonstrated new analysis techniques

and data products through the measurement of image scenes at high spectral resolution (see

Section 1.2) [1]. Through our work on the Sustainable Land Imaging (SLI) Reduced Instrument

Envelope Study and the ESTO Novel Concepts for SLI Study, Northrop Grumman Aerospace

Systems (NGAS) has demonstrated a thorough understanding of SLI mission, instrument and

calibration requirements, and we have shown that a versatile HSI sensor can meet SLI instrument

goals while maintaining continuity with traditional Landsat data products [2], [3].

Under the Advanced Technology Demonstrations program, NGAS proposes to address SLI

requirements through a new photonic approach to land imaging that provides the benefits of HSI

in a small, versatile, scalable package while maintaining critical continuity with traditional

Landsat data and products. Our Hyperspectral Array Waveguide Camera (HAWC)1 combines

wavelength selection and optical detection in an integrated package yielding substantial mass and

volume reductions over standard spectrometers. Compared to the current MSI approach we

estimate a total instrument mass and volume reduction of ~7x and ~25x respectively (see Section

1.1.4). Another benefit of lithographically patterned photonic waveguides fabricated at wafer

scales is that ultimately these devices can be rapidly and inexpensively reproduced in large

quantities. Photonic lightwave circuits (PLCs) are arrayed efficiently in multiple dimensions to

generate perfectly co-registered, spectrally resolved imagery over large ground swaths

(Figure 1). We have separately addressed the crucial data continuity aspect of the SLI mission.

1 NGAS HAWC is not related to the HAWC+ instrument that is part of the SOFIA airborne astronomy observatory.

Figure 1. HAWC and Representative Telescope

Scene Image

Micro-Lens Array

Scene Photons

HAWC

23


Stephanie Sandor-Leahy, Northrop Grumman

Develop next-generation compact SLI instrument based on NGAS photonic waveguides

Reduce instrument volume by x25, mass by x7 compared to current multispectral approach


S J Ben Yoo, UC Davis

Design, fabrication and testing of an electro-optical (EO) imaging sensor concept that provides a

low mass, low volume alternative to the traditional bulky optical telescope and focal plane detector

array


David Ting, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Demonstrate a high-performance long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) focal plane array (FPA)

technology with the flexibility to meet a variety of possible future land imaging needs.

IIP Investments in Landsat technology

Ronald Lockwood, MIT/LL

Demonstrate the CCVIS design in a breadboard to

mature the technology.

Quantify the scattered light contamination in an

imaging spectrometer for both e-beam

microlithographic and diamond machined gratings

Phil Ely, DRS Technology

Demonstrate an Eight Band Radiometric Imager utilizing low cost,

uncooled Focal Plane Array for Earth Science applications. Utilize a Piezo

Backscan stage to image stabilize and allow for multi-frame stacking. Use

of DRS patented TCOMP to provide radiometirc accuracy (<2% error).

Tomasz Tkaczyk, Rice University

Develop a low-resource highly-capable tunable

hyspectral imager for a range of Earth observations.

Technologies include innovative fiber optic light-guide,

snapshot imaging and tunability for specific line

selection for spatial/spectral pixel distribution.

9. Quadd Chart

21

NASA Instrument Incubator Program Chrisp Compact VNIR/SWIR Imaging Spectrometer (CCVIS)

Milestone Schedule: • Finalize CCVIS design – 1st quarter, yr 1

• Complete breadboard – 4th quarter, yr 1

• Manufacture ebeam lithography grating – 4th

quarter, yr 1

• Complete performance evaluation – 2nd quarter,

yr 2

• Quantify scattered light performance – 2nd

quarter, yr 2

Entry TRL: 2

Proposed Approach: • Breadboard implementation of recent advances in

optical design of a new imaging spectrometer form and to demonstrate the large reduction in SWaP and performance comparable to current designs

• Electron beam microlithographic optical elements are developed to minimize light scatter and optimize optical throughput

• Demonstrate breadboard design and quantify performance of the imaging spectrometer

Partners: none

Objectives: • Demonstrate the CCVIS design in a breadboard to

mature the technology

• Demonstrate that the CCVIS supports the NASA

Earth Science Division requirements to maintain or

improve performance, while reducing SWaP and

buying down risk

• Quantify the scattered light contamination in an

imaging spectrometer for both ebeam

microlithographic and diamond machined gratings

Chrisp Compact VNIR/SWIR Imaging Spectrometer

Catadioptric

lens

Immersion grating

Slit

FPA and

order-sorting

filter

7 cm

7.6 cm

AIST Investments

Melba Crawford, Purdue University

Improve the use of land cover data by developing an

advanced framework for robust classification using

multi-source datasets. Utilize first results to query

new samples to significantly improve classification

performance and accuracy

Dan Mandl, NASA GSFC

Dramatically improve onboard processing capability

for data rate missions (e.g. 1Gbps instrument data

rates using processors consuming <20W and

radiation tolerant)

Petya Campbell, UMBC

Develop and demonstrate innovative software systems

for producing and disseminating science-quality

spectral data from Unpiloted Aerial Vehicles (UAC) with

capability to multi-source data integration.

12/15

Objective

Accomplishments

A High Performance Onboard Multicore Intelligent Payload Module for Orbital and Suborbital Remote Sensing Missions

PI: Dan Mandl, NASA GSFC

• Dramatically improve onboard processing (OBP) capability for high data rate missions (e.g., 1 Gbps instrument data rates using processors using less than 20 watts and rad tolerant)

• Utilize onboard multicore and field programmable array processors and intelligent onboard data reduction

• Demonstrate the Intelligent Payload Module (IPM) end-to-end operations concept for low latency custom data products from airborne platforms

• Demonstrate multi-tiered onboard data processing chain • Demonstrate direct download of Level 2 (L2) data products with

atmospheric correction and geocorrection based on user selected location, parameters, and algorithms

• Demonstrate rapid delivery of data products in near real time

• Built preliminary IPM which included: (a) Tilera Tile Pro (proxy for Maestro multicore processor-- <20 watts ); (b) MicroZed (Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) with two ARM Processors as a proxy for CHREC Space Processor(CSP)-- <5 watts); (c ) SDN500 Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU); (d) Core Flight Executive (cFE) flight software; and (e) Web Coverage Processing Service (WCPS) for real time custom science algorithm upload capability

• Ported hyperspectral data processing chain (Level 0 Processing, Radiometric Correction, Atmospheric Correction, Geometric Correction and classification) and realistic flight software to IPM

• Benchmarked performance for various IPM configurations parallelizing multicore environment and FPGA circuits (using virtualized circuit synthesis-Xillybus, OpenCL approach) achieving up to 1.7 Gbps throughput

• Conducted 10+ airborne flights with various realistic IPM configurations as proxies for space IPM flights • IPM adapted as HyspIRI mission requirement to provide low latency data products – status every 6 months at mission workshops

Co-Is/Partners: Rob Sohlberg, Univ. of MD Geographic Services; Vuong Ly, Matt Handy, GSFC; Don Sullivan, Vince Ambrosia, ARC; Geoff Bland, GSFC WFF; Enric Pastor, Univ. of Catalunya; Pat Cappelaere, Vightel; Stuart Frye, SGT, Inc.; Steve Crago, USC-ISI

TRLin = 3 TRLout = 6

AIST-QRS-13-0002

Intelligent Payload Module Concept Graphic

Mini-helicopter

UAV

HyspIRI

Real Time Data

Imaging

Spectrometer Citation

Bussmann helicopter

04/16

Objective

Key Milestones Approach

Next Generation UAV Spectral Systems for Environmental Modeling PI: Petya Campbell, UMBC

Co-Is/Partners: V. Ambrosia, CSU, Monterey Bay; P. Cappelaere, Vightel; M. Coen, P. Townsend, F. Navarro, C. Kingdon, Univ of Wisconsin; L. Corp, Sigma Space; V. Ly, D. Mandl, GSFC; J. Nagol, R. Sohlberg, UMd,; L. Ong, SSAI

• Develop and demonstrate innovative software system for producing and disseminating science-quality spectral data from Unpiloted Aerial Vehicles (UAV) that

• Ensure well-calibrated, science quality measurements • Leverage UAV strengths such as rapid deployment, high

temporal frequencies, and high resolution • Allow ready integration with, or comparison to, in situ,

satellite and airborne data and derived products • Support capability to characterize diurnal and seasonal

cycles in vegetation function

• Integrate and test Ocean Optics USB2000+, OEPro and Headwall VNIR E series spectrometers onto UAV

• Validate measurements with well-characterized sites

• Develop rapid data assimilation and delivery system

• Develop data gathering campaign strategy to optimize data yield

• Leverage EcoSIS online spectral library

• Integrate first two spectrometers 07/15 • Complete calibration protocol and 09/15

intercalibration (initial) • Retrieve parameters, validate against field data 11/15 • Integration of Headwall imaging spectrometer 02/16 • Validate computing capacity for real-time

retrievals 12/16 • Demonstrate data production pipeline 05/17

Small UAV sensor-web filling the gap between ground and satellite measurements.

AIST-14-0090

2

We will employ a two-step methodology that first uses a series of discrete-point

spectrometer measurements (from a UAV-deployed spectrometer in Year 1) before deploying an

imaging spectrometer array providing spatially resolved measurements (in Year 2). In Year 1 we

will focus on calibration and understanding measurement constraints before dealing with

significant issues associated geometry and much larger data volumes related to imaging in Year

2. These new methods and integrated technology components will affect future mission

formulations such as HyspIRI and Landsat 9 by providing a rapidly deployable and flexible

approach to measure surface reflectance and derived ecosystem parameters for integration with

satellite data. In addition, we will identify much-needed approaches to ensure that UAV-based

measurements produce repeatable results in time and space.

2. Description of Proposed Technology

Near ground measurements are required to bridge the gap between satellite, airborne and field

measurements (Fig. 1) and enable spectral acquisitions at appropriate spatial and temporal scales

where biogeochemical processes and ecosystem functional properties are observed by carbon

flux networks (Mac Arthur et al. 2014). The proposed technology will integrate UAV platforms

in Year 1 with single-point spectrometers (Table 1 a. and b.), and in Year 2 an imaging

spectrometer (Table 1 c). We will integrate SensorWeb software and Intelligent Payload Module

techniques developed on previous AIST efforts to facilitate ease of access to, and control of, this

precision science-grade data collection system.

We propose a practical two-step methodology as a significant step forward in the use of

UAVs, for the collection of accurate science-quality data measurements for the assessment of

ecosystem function and agricultural monitoring. First, we need to understand how to make a

single calibrated data measurement from a point and retrieve important biological parameters

(i.e., a spectral measurement from a fiber-optic based spectrometer), before subsequently

making many measurements (i.e., hyperspectral imagery from an imaging spectrometer) (A.

MacArthur, pers. communication to Co-I Townsend).

Figure 1. Small UAVs augmented with SensorWeb capabilities fill the gap between

satellite measurements and fixed ground measurements.

TRLin = 3 TRLcurrent = 3

12/15

Objective

Accomplishments

Advanced Active Learning Methods for Robust Classification of Multi-Source Remotely Sensed Data

PI: Melba Crawford, Purdue University

• Improve the use of land cover data by developing an advanced framework for robust classification using multi-source datasets:

• Develop, validate and optimize a generalized multi-kernel, active learning (MKL-AL) pattern recognition framework for multi-source data fusion.

• Develop both single- and ensemble-classifier versions (MKL-AL and Ensemble-MKL-AL) of the system.

• Utilize multi-source remotely sensed and in situ data to create land-cover classification and perform accuracy assessment with available labeled data; utilize first results to query new samples that, if inducted into the training of the system, will significantly improve classification performance and accuracy.

• Work will be performed in collaboration with the NASA Earth Science Division’s Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems focus area.

• Developed both single- and ensemble-classifier versions (MKL-AL and Ensemble-MKL-AL) of the system. • Incorporated the multi-kernel Support Vector Machine (SVM) into an ensemble multi-source-classification system. • Completed the multi-view active learning component of the system and its integration with Hierarchical Segmentation (HSEG).

HSEG extended to include: – segmented boundary information to mitigate the impact of edge anomalies exhibited at the boundaries of regions. – pruning the segmentation tree, and inclusion of multiscale spatial information in the multi-source environment.

• Validated the new methods using a suite of multispectral, hyperspectral, and airborne LIDAR data collect over a well characterized field site.

• Framework implemented and demonstrated on the Purdue cloud computing platform.

Co-Is/Partners: Saurabh Prasad, University of Houston; James Tilton, NASA GSFC TRLin = 2 TRLout = 4

AIST-11-0077

Proposed Ensemble Multi-Kernel Active Learning Algorithm

ESTO Technology Developments for Future Earth Science Measurements

Landsat technology in InVest program

From ESTO InVEST 2015 Program

CIRiS Ball Aerospace Launch: March 2018

CIRAS Jet Propulsion Lab

Launch: June 2018

Infrared Atmospheric Sounder Demonstrate ability to measure spectrum of upwelling infrared radiation and validate 2D infrared detector material, a micro pulse tube cryocooler, and a grating spectrometer

Infrared Transfer Radiometer Validate an uncooled imaging infrared (7.5 um to 13 um) radiometer designed for high radiometric performance from LEO

Looking Ahead

• Develop technology relevant for missions

• Smaller, less resource-intensive instrumentation

• High-resolution optical and infrared sensors

• Formation flying

• Nano-satellites / CubeSats

• Fractionated spacecraft

• Autonomous operations

• High-resolution ensemble models

• Rapid, error-free data transfer

For more information visit: https://esto.nasa.gov

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