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NASA/TM-97-206310

Investigation Composite

of Springback MaterialDiscretionary

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With

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FabricationFinal Report,

(MSFC Center Director's Project 94-09)M.A. Benzie Space Flight Center, Marshall Marshall

Space

Flight

Center,

Alabama

National Space Marshall

Aeronautics Administration Space Flight

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1997

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ii

TABLE

OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION 2. EXPERIMENTAL

.................................................................................................................... APPROACH ..............................................................................................

1 2

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.8

Taguchi Material Tooling Design

Designed Selection

Experiment .......................................................................................... ............................................................................................................. ...................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................

2 4 6 7 7 8 10 12 14 14 16 18 22 24 27 28 29

Configuration Considerations

Bagging Procedures .......................................................................................................... Part Fabrication ................................................................................................................ Collection ................................................................................................................. Experiment OF RESULTS Problems Data ................................................................................................. ................................................................................................... Confirmation

2.7 Data

3. DISCUSSION 3.1 Fabrication 3.2 Experimental

........................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................

3.3 Taguchi Analysis of the Data ............................................................................................ 3.4 Discussion of the Factors .................................................................................................. 3.5 Confirmation Experiment ................................................................................................. ...................................................................

4. CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES APPENDIX

AND RECOMMENDATIONS

.............................................................................................................................. ...................................................................................................................................

iii

LIST

OF FIGURES

Different Standard Basic Bagged Autoclave Oven

tooling

angles

as shown configuration stackup

on male tools .............................................................. ................................................................................

3 7 9 9 11 l1 12 -.............. 13 13 15 15 17

2.

male tooling bagging

,

vacuum

.........................................................................................

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

part ready

for cure ............................................................................................... ..........................................................................................

used for processing

used for processing

................................................................................................. ............................................................................................ .............................................................................. diagram .............................................................................. ............................................................................. tooling during layup ..........................................

Tool measurement Part measurement Data point location female

procedure procedure mapping

Standard Closeup Summary

tooling

configuration in female

of bridging springback

problem

data versus

run number

..................................................................

LIST

OF TABLES

L I2 orthogonal Summary Epoxy Bagging Summary Relative

array Taguchi and levels selection

test matrix

........................................................................ ................................................................

3 4 5 8 16 17 19 20 20 21 25 25 26 29 29 30 30 30 31 31 31 32 32 32 33 33

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26.

of factors

for experiment summary

resin material materials springback springback

......................................................................... ..................................................................

used for entire data rankings summary

test matrix

............................................................................................... (l=lowest) ........................................................................

S/N ratio calculation S/N response Mean Control ANOVA ANOVA response factor table table

........................................................................................

........................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................ ................................................................................................... matrix ............................