NASA JPL/NSTA Web Seminar: Robotic Exploration of the Red Planet
-
Upload
bethany-russo -
Category
Documents
-
view
30 -
download
0
description
Transcript of NASA JPL/NSTA Web Seminar: Robotic Exploration of the Red Planet
NASA JPL/NSTA Web Seminar:
Robotic Exploration of the Red Planet
LIVE INTERACTIVE LEARNING @ YOUR DESKTOP
Wednesday, May 14, 2008
Robotic Exploration of theRobotic Exploration of theRed PlanetRed Planet
Greg MehallGreg MehallArizona State UniversityArizona State University
School of Earth and Space ExplorationSchool of Earth and Space Exploration
Mars Space Flight FacilityMars Space Flight Facility
Instrument System Engineer & Mission ManagerInstrument System Engineer & Mission Manager
Image Credit: NASA/STSci/AURA
Why Study Mars?Why Study Mars?
Search for lifeSearch for life Mars has water, atmosphere, sunlight - could it Mars has water, atmosphere, sunlight - could it have life?have life?
Comparison to EarthComparison to Earth Mars may have undergone a large change in its Mars may have undergone a large change in its climateclimate
Could we learn something about climate change Could we learn something about climate change on Earth?on Earth?
Curiosity and explorationCuriosity and exploration Mars has the same land area as the EarthMars has the same land area as the Earth It is a complex place - not just a point of It is a complex place - not just a point of light in the night skylight in the night sky
Image Credit: NASA/JPL
How Do We Approach This Problem?How Do We Approach This Problem?
What do we think all What do we think all life needs?life needs? WaterWater
Look for environments Look for environments where water may have where water may have existedexisted LandformsLandforms MineralsMinerals
How do we do this?How do we do this? OrbitersOrbiters RoversRovers Returned samplesReturned samples Human explorationHuman exploration New ways of lookingNew ways of looking
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/ASU
NASA Mars Science StrategyNASA Mars Science Strategy
Geology
Life
Climate
Prepare for Human Exploration
W
A
T
E
R
WhenWhereForm
Amount
““Follow theFollow theWater”Water”
Image Credit: NASA/JPL
NASA Mars Exploration ProgramNASA Mars Exploration ProgramPast DecadePast Decade
Currently Operating Missions
Image Credit: NASA/JPL
2001 Mars Odyssey Orbiter2001 Mars Odyssey Orbiter
2001 Mars Odyssey Spacecraft2001 Mars Odyssey Spacecraft
Thermal EmissionThermal EmissionImaging SystemImaging System(THEMIS)(THEMIS)
Gamma RayGamma RaySpectrometer (GRS)Spectrometer (GRS)Sensor HeadSensor Head
NeutronNeutronSpectrometerSpectrometer
High EnergyHigh EnergyNeutron DetectorNeutron Detector(HEND)(HEND)
High GainHigh GainAntenna (HGA)Antenna (HGA)
SolarSolarPanelsPanels
Martian RadiationMartian RadiationEnvironmentEnvironmentExperimentExperiment(MARIE)(MARIE)
Image Credits: NASA/JPL
Launched April 2001 (Delta II)Launched April 2001 (Delta II)Started Science Mapping February Started Science Mapping February 20022002400 km Polar Mapping Orbit (2 hour 400 km Polar Mapping Orbit (2 hour period)period)
Dry Mass = 376 kg (829 lbs)Dry Mass = 376 kg (829 lbs)
2001 Mars Odyssey2001 Mars Odyssey
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Lockheed Martin
2001 Mars Odyssey2001 Mars Odyssey
Image Credits: NASA/KSC/Lockheed Martin/Boeing
Thermal Emission Imaging System Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS)(THEMIS)
Image Credits:NASA/JPL/ASU/Raytheon SBRS
Infrared and Visible Infrared and Visible Imaging SystemImaging System 10 band IR 10 band IR
(100m/pixel)(100m/pixel) 5 band VIS (18m/pixel)5 band VIS (18m/pixel)
Mineralogical MappingMineralogical Mapping Thermophysical PropertiesThermophysical Properties Atmospheric MonitoringAtmospheric Monitoring GeomorphologyGeomorphology Developed by Arizona Developed by Arizona
State University and State University and Raytheon Santa Barbara Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote SensingRemote Sensing
http://themis.asu.eduhttp://themis.asu.edu
Day/Night IR MosaicAram Chaos
Gamma Ray Spectrometer Instrument Gamma Ray Spectrometer Instrument SuiteSuite
Gamma Ray SensorGamma Ray Sensor University of University of
ArizonaArizona Elemental Abundance Elemental Abundance
MappingMapping
High Energy Neutron High Energy Neutron Detector (HEND)Detector (HEND) Russian Space Russian Space
Research Institute Research Institute (IKI)(IKI)
Hydrogen MappingHydrogen Mapping
Neutron SpectrometerNeutron Spectrometer Los Alamos National Los Alamos National
Laboratory (LANL)Laboratory (LANL) Hydrogen MappingHydrogen Mapping
Image Credits: NASA/JPL/Univ. of Arizona/LANL/IKI
Mars Reconnaissance OrbiterMars Reconnaissance Orbiter
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO)Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO)
Launched August 2005 (Atlas V)Launched August 2005 (Atlas V)Started Mapping in November 2006Started Mapping in November 2006255-320 km Polar Mapping Orbit (2 hour 255-320 km Polar Mapping Orbit (2 hour period)period)
Image Credits: NASA/JPL/Lockheed Martin
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter SubsystemsSubsystems
up to 6 Mbits/sec
(3 meter diameter)Dry mass = 1,031 kg (2,273 lbs)
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Lockheed Martin
SHARAD
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO)Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO)
Image Credits: NASA/JPL/Lockheed Martin
MRO HiRISE CameraMRO HiRISE Camera
High Resolution CameraHigh Resolution Camera 30 cm/pixel (@300km)30 cm/pixel (@300km) 0.5 m telescope0.5 m telescope 14 focal planes (VIS/NIR)14 focal planes (VIS/NIR) 6 km swath, 20k pixels 6 km swath, 20k pixels
(red)(red) 1.2 km swath (blue/green & 1.2 km swath (blue/green &
NIR)NIR) Developed by University of Developed by University of
Arizona and Ball AerospaceArizona and Ball Aerospace
Image Credits: NASA/JPL/Univ. of Arizona/Ball Aerospace
HiRISE ImageryHiRISE Imagery
Avalanche on North Polar Scarp
Mawrth Vallis - Proposed MSL Landing Site
Image Credits: NASA/JPL/Univ. of Arizona
Other MRO Science InstrumentsOther MRO Science Instruments
Context Imager (CTX)Context Imager (CTX)• Visible imager: 1 band• 6 m/pixel & 32 km swath (@400 km)• Malin Space Science Systems
Mars Color Imager (MARCI)Mars Color Imager (MARCI)• Visible/NIR imager: 7 band• 1-4 km/pixel & 140° swath (@400 km)• Malin Space Science Systems
Image Credits: NASA/JPL/JHU-APL/MSSS
Compact Reconnaissance ImagingCompact Reconnaissance ImagingSpectrometer for Mars (CRISM)Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM)• Visible and Near IR spectrometer• ~18 m/pixel & ~10 km swath (@300 km)• Johns Hopkins University APL
Mars Climate Sounder (MCS)Mars Climate Sounder (MCS)• Visible and IR Sounder: 9 bands• 5 km/pixel & 105 km FOV (@300 km)• Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Mars Exploration Rovers Mars Exploration Rovers (MER)(MER)
Image Credit: NASA/JPL
Mars Exploration RoversMars Exploration Rovers
Spirit (MER-A)Spirit (MER-A) Launched:Launched: June 10, 2003June 10, 2003 Launch Vehicle:Launch Vehicle: Delta II 7925Delta II 7925 Arrival at Mars:Arrival at Mars: January 3, 2004January 3, 2004 Landing Site:Landing Site: Gusev CraterGusev Crater Primary mission:Primary mission: 90 sols90 sols Current Sol:Current Sol: 15521552
Opportunity (MER-B)Opportunity (MER-B) Launch:Launch: July 7, 2003July 7, 2003 Launch Vehicle:Launch Vehicle: Delta II 7925-HeavyDelta II 7925-Heavy Arrival at Mars:Arrival at Mars: January 24, 2004January 24, 2004 Landing Site:Landing Site: Meridiani PlanumMeridiani Planum Primary mission:Primary mission: 90 sols90 sols Current Sol:Current Sol: 15321532
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell
MER Landing SitesMER Landing Sites
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/GSFC
QuizQuiz
Which of the spacecraft below Which of the spacecraft below consisted of only a lander?consisted of only a lander?
(use your stamp tool)(use your stamp tool)
Viking Pathfinder MER
MER Delta II 7925-9.5MER Delta II 7925-9.5
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Boeing
MER-A on the PadMER-A on the Pad
Image Credits: NASA/KSC
MER-A & Fairing EncapsulationMER-A & Fairing Encapsulation
Image Credits: NASA/KSC
MER-A Launch (June 10, 2003)MER-A Launch (June 10, 2003)
Image Credit: NASA/KSC
MER-A LaunchMER-A Launch
Image Credits: ASU
MER-BMER-BDelta II Delta II 79257925HeavyHeavy
Image Credit: NASA/KSC
MER-B MER-B LaunchLaunch(July 7, (July 7, 2003)2003)
Image Credit: NASA/KSC
QuizQuiz
How long did it take MERHow long did it take MERto get to Mars?to get to Mars?
(make your selection using the stamp tool)(make your selection using the stamp tool)
1 month1 month
5 months5 months
7 months7 months
9 months9 months
2 years2 years
MER Cruise Stage and AeroshellMER Cruise Stage and Aeroshell
Image Credit: NASA/KSC
MER Parachute and AirbagsMER Parachute and Airbags
Image Credits: NASA/JPL/ARC
Stowed MER LanderStowed MER Lander
Image Credit: NASA/JPL
MER on LanderMER on Lander
Image Credit: NASA/JPL
Rover Solar PanelsRover Solar Panels
Image Credit: NASA/JPL
““Rocker-Bogie” Mobility SystemRocker-Bogie” Mobility System
Image Credit: NASA/JPL
Fully Deployed RoverFully Deployed Rover
Image Credit: NASA/JPL
Driving Tests at KSCDriving Tests at KSC
Image Credit: NASA/JPL
Rover Science PayloadRover Science Payload
Solar Arrays
Low GainAntenna (LGA)
Pancam MastAssembly (PMA)
Pancam (pair)
Navcam (pair)
High GainAntenna (HGA)
UHFAntenna
InstrumentDeploymentDevice (IDD)
IDD Instruments(APXS, MB, MI, RAT) Miniature Thermal Emission
Spectrometer (Mini-TES)
Mass = 175 lbs
Rover WarmElectronics Box (WEB)
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell
Rover Trenching and IDDRover Trenching and IDD
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell
Microscopic Image of SoilMicroscopic Image of Soil
Image Credit:NASA/JPL/Cornell
Rock Abrasion Tool (RAT)Rock Abrasion Tool (RAT)
Image Credit:NASA/JPL/Cornell
Spirit Traverse: Sol 1506 (7.5 km) Spirit Traverse: Sol 1506 (7.5 km)
Image Credits:NASA/JPL/Cornell/MSSS/OSU
Spirit Landing Site PanoramaSpirit Landing Site Panorama
Columbia HillsColumbia Hills
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell
Columbia Hills West SpurColumbia Hills West Spur
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell
Sol 329 Dusty Deck PanSol 329 Dusty Deck Pan
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell
Sol 432 “Clean” Deck PanSol 432 “Clean” Deck Pan
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell
Dust Devils - Martian Vacuum Dust Devils - Martian Vacuum CleanersCleaners
Image Credits: NASA/JPL/Cornell
Opportunity Traverse: Sol 1487 Opportunity Traverse: Sol 1487 (11.7 km)(11.7 km)
Image Credits:NASA/JPL/Cornell/MSSS/Univ. of Arizona/OSU
Opportunity PanoramaOpportunity Panorama
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell
Making TracksMaking Tracks
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell
Victoria CraterVictoria Crater
Opportunity
Image Credits: NASA/JPL/Cornell/Univ. of Arizona
MRO HiRISE Orbital Image
Opportunity Surface Image
NASA Mars Exploration ProgramNASA Mars Exploration ProgramNext DecadeNext Decade
2020
TBD mission based on
budget and science feed-forward
TBD mission based on
budget and science feed-forward
TBD missionMSR Element #1
TBD missionMSR Element #1
Sample Receiving Facility online by 2022
TBD missionMSR Element #2
TBD missionMSR Element #2
Image Credit: NASA/JPL
Phoenix Mars LanderPhoenix Mars Lander
Phoenix Mars LanderPhoenix Mars Lander
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Univ. of Arizona
Launched August 2007 (Delta II)Launched August 2007 (Delta II)Landing on May 25, 2008 at 4:36 PM PDTLanding on May 25, 2008 at 4:36 PM PDT90 Sol Primary Surface Mission90 Sol Primary Surface MissionDry mass = 350 kgDry mass = 350 kg
Science Objectives:Science Objectives:- Study the History of Water in All its Phases- Study the History of Water in All its Phases- Search for Evidence of Habitable Zone and Assess the Biological Potential of - Search for Evidence of Habitable Zone and Assess the Biological Potential of the Ice-Soil Boundarythe Ice-Soil Boundary
Phoenix Landing Site (68° N lat, Phoenix Landing Site (68° N lat, 233° E lon)233° E lon)
MRO HiRISE Image ofPolygonal Terrain (68.3° N, 232.9° E)
250m x 250m
MRO MARCI Image
MRO CTX Image (68° N, 127° W)
100km x 20km landing ellipse
Image Credits:NASA/JPL/MSSS/Univ. of Arizona
Phoenix Lander Science Phoenix Lander Science ConfigurationConfiguration
Image Credit: NASA/JPL/Univ. of Arizona
Phoenix SpacecraftPhoenix SpacecraftBuilt by Lockheed Martin Space Systems
Image Credits: NASA/JPL/Lockheed Martin
Phoenix Science InstrumentsPhoenix Science Instruments
Robotic Arm (RA)Robotic Arm (RA)• 2.35m long, 0.5m deep trench• Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Robotic Arm Camera (RAC)Robotic Arm Camera (RAC)• Visible color imager, RGB lamps• 23 µm/pixel• Univ. of Arizona & Max Planck Institute
Mars Descent Imager (MARDI)Mars Descent Imager (MARDI)• Visible imager, 1024x1024 CCD• 66° FOV• Won’t be used due to I/F issue• Malin Space Science Systems
Image Credits: NASA/JPL/Univ. of Arizona/MSSS
Surface Stereo Imager (SSI)Surface Stereo Imager (SSI)• Visible and Near IR imager• 12 spectral filters• 1024x1024 CCD• Univ. of Arizona
Thermal and Evolved GasThermal and Evolved GasAnalyzer (TEGA)Analyzer (TEGA)• Mass Spectrometer (10 ppb), 8 cells• 1000°C Furnace• Univ. of Arizona & Univ. of Texas
Meteorological Station (MET)Meteorological Station (MET)• Light detection & ranging (LIDAR)• MET mast: Pressure and Temp.• Canadian Space Agency
Microscopy, Electrochemistry, andMicroscopy, Electrochemistry, andConductivity Analyzer (MECA)Conductivity Analyzer (MECA)• Wet chemistry lab (4 cells)• Optical & atomic force microscopes, 4 µm/pixel, 69 substrates• Thermal & electrical conduct. probe• Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Phoenix Entry, Descent and Landing Phoenix Entry, Descent and Landing (EDL)(EDL)
““EDL: 7 minutesEDL: 7 minutesof Terror” Movieof Terror” Movie
Image Credits: NASA/JPL/Univ. of Arizona/Lockheed Martin
Mars Science LaboratoryMars Science Laboratory
Mars Science Laboratory (MSL)Mars Science Laboratory (MSL)
Launches September 2009 (Atlas V)Launches September 2009 (Atlas V)Lands Summer 2010Lands Summer 20101 Mars Year Primary Surface Mission (687 1 Mars Year Primary Surface Mission (687 Earth days)Earth days)Dry mass = 850 kgDry mass = 850 kg
Image Credit: NASA/JPL
Science Goals:Science Goals:- Determine whether life ever arose on Mars- Determine whether life ever arose on Mars- Characterize the climate of Mars- Characterize the climate of Mars- Characterize the geology of Mars- Characterize the geology of Mars- Prepare for human exploration- Prepare for human exploration
Mars Science LaboratoryMars Science Laboratory
Image Credits: NASA/JPL
MSL Science InstrumentsMSL Science Instruments
CamerasCameras::Mast Camera (MastCam)Mast Camera (MastCam)Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI)Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI)Mars Descent Imager (MARDI)Mars Descent Imager (MARDI)
SpectrometersSpectrometers::Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS)Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS)Chemistry & Camera (ChemCam)Chemistry & Camera (ChemCam)Chemistry & Mineralogy X-Ray Diffraction/X-Ray Fluorescence Chemistry & Mineralogy X-Ray Diffraction/X-Ray Fluorescence Instrument (CheMin)Instrument (CheMin)Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument Suite with Gas Chromatograph, Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument Suite with Gas Chromatograph, Mass Spectrometer, and Tunable Laser Spectrometer (SAM)Mass Spectrometer, and Tunable Laser Spectrometer (SAM)
Radiation Detectors:Radiation Detectors:Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD)Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD)Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN)Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN)
Environmental Sensors:Environmental Sensors:Rover Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS)Rover Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS)
More exciting discoveries to come …More exciting discoveries to come …
Thank YouThank YouImage Credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell
NASA logo
Thanks to our presenter Greg Mehall and to NASA
JPL and Arizona State University for sponsoring
this program
http://www.elluminate.com
Elluminate logo
http://learningcenter.nsta.org
NLC screenshot
National Science Teachers AssociationGerry Wheeler, Executive Director
Frank Owens, Associate Executive Director Conferences and Programs
Al Byers, Assistant Executive Director e-Learning
LIVE INTERACTIVE LEARNING @ YOUR DESKTOP
NSTA Web SeminarsFlavio Mendez, Director
Jeff Layman, Technical Coordinator