NASA AIRS Project Highlights ( JPL/GSFC)
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Transcript of NASA AIRS Project Highlights ( JPL/GSFC)
NASA, CGMS-41, July 2013
Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites - CGMSCoordination Group for Meteorological Satellites - CGMS
Atmospheric Sounding Product Development and Cal/Val Activities at NASA using
AIRS/AMSU on Aqua, CrIMSS on SNPP, and NAST-I on NASA High-altitude Aircraft Platforms
Presented to CGMS-41 Working Group II, WGII/4
T. Pagano1, A. Larar2, E. Fetzer1, B. Lambrigtsen1, J. Teixeira1, Steve Friedman1, Daniel Zhou2, Xu Liu2, Joel Susskind3
1NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory2NASA Langley Research Center
3NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center
NASA, CGMS-41, July 2013
Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites - CGMS
Operations: AIRS fully operational and expected to last at least another 10 years. Recovered 50 channels
Calibration: AIRS, CrIS and IASI radiometric calibration agree to within 50 mK under clear tropical ocean conditions.
Product Development: Version 6 Products released in February 2013 at the GES/DISC. Reprocessing almost complete. Improved bias, yield and reduced trend. Demonstrated retrievals using CrIS/ATMS data
Product Test and Validation: Released V6 test report complete.
Science Usage: Over 100 peer reviewed publications using AIRS data released in 2012
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NASA AIRS Project Highlights (JPL/GSFC)
NASA, CGMS-41, July 2013
Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites - CGMS
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Near Real TimeAssimilation
6 Hrs on 5 Day Improvement onOperational Forecast
NCEP, ECMWF, and UKMetOperational Forecasts
Direct Broadcast
AIRS Direct Broadcast
Water Vapor
GES/DISC
Near Real TimeProduct Generation
NASAGroundstations
AIRS Spectra
Scientific Community and
Operational Agencies
(Volcanic SO2)
ImprovedPrecip
Forecasts
AIRS/AMSU on Aqua
AIRS/AMSU is Part of the International Operational Weather Forecast System
NASA, CGMS-41, July 2013
Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites - CGMS
Third Highest Impact to Forecasts AMSU has 4 Instruments IASI is also an IR Sounder Cardinali and Healy 2012
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JCSDA
NOAANESDIS/NCEP
JPL/GSFC
IR Sounders
IR Sounders Rank High on Operational Forecast Impact
NASA, CGMS-41, July 2013
Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites - CGMS
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Pre-Launch: 1856 Channels “Good”180 were “Poor”: High Noise but Usable68 were “Bad”: Non-Gaussian Noise, Un-usable
50 Channels Recovered Using Redundant Detectors
Example impact to noise due to radiation damageNEdT’s Pre-launch Match Current
AIRS NEdT’s stable for most detectors. Some impacted by radiation
NASA, CGMS-41, July 2013
Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites - CGMS
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AIRS Product ProductAccuracy
(V5)Val Status
(V5)
Core: Radiances
AIRS IR Radiance L1B-AIRS <0.2K Stage 3
AIRS VIS/NIR Radiance L1B-VIS 15-20% Stage 1
AMSU Radiance L1B-AMSU 1-3 K Stage 3
HSB Radiance L1B-HSB 1-3 K Stage 3
Core: Geophysical
Cloud Cleared IR Radiance L2 1.0 K Stage 2
Sea Surface Temperature L2 1.0 K Stage 3
Land Surface Temperature L2 2-3 K Stage 2
Temperature Profile L2 1 K / km Stage 3
Water Vapor Profile L2 15% / 2km Stage 3
Total Precipitable Water L2 5% Stage 3
Fractional Cloud Cover L2 20% Stage 3
Cloud Top Height L2 1 km Stage 3
Cloud Top Temperature L2 2.0 K Stage 2
Carbon Monoxide L2 15% Stage 2
Carbon Dioxide Post-Proc 1-2 ppm Stage 1
Total Ozone Column L2 5% Stage 2
Ozone Profile L2 20% Stage 2
Land Surface Emissivity L2 10% Stage 2
IR Dust L1B-Flag 0.5 K Stage 1
Research Products
Methane L2 2% Stage 2
OLR L2-Support 5 W/m2 Stage 3
Sulfur Dioxide L1B-Flag 1 DU Stage 1
Stage 1: Validation Product accuracy has been estimated using a small number of independent measurements obtained from selected locations and time periods and ground-truth/f ield program effort.Stage 2: Validation Product accuracy has been assessed over a w idely distributed set of locations and time periods via several ground-truth and validation efforts.
Stage 3: Validation Product accuracy has been assessed, and the uncertainties in the product w ell-established via independent measurements made in a systematic and statistically robust w ay that represents global conditions.
*Necessary Products are required to retrieve accurate temperature profiles (1K/km) in all conditions
Validation Status Definitions (Common to all Aqua Instruments)
Temperature Water Vapor
Ozone Carbon Monoxide Methane
Cloud Properties
Carbon Dioxide
AIRS/AMSU Data Products Validation Status
NASA, CGMS-41, July 2013
Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites - CGMS
NAST-I Activities Benefit Atmospheric Sounding NAST-I satellite under-flights improve SDRs, EDRs, and CDRs, and enable inter-
platform cross-validation Retrieval algorithm enhancements improve EDRs & CDRs Fast RT modeling enables handling data volume to come from future sensors
and more accurate / efficient data assimilation
NASA, CGMS-41, July 2013
Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites - CGMS
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NAST-I satellite under-flights Validation activities verify / improve SDRs, EDRs, and CDRs Under-flying multiple satellites enables cross-validation (e.g. IASI vs
AIRS vs CrIS), critical for climate measurement continuity (CDRs)
Retrieval algorithms Algorithm verification / enhancement improves EDRs & CDRs (CrIMSS
and LaRC-unique algorithms)
Radiative transfer modeling Fast RT model development (PCRTM) enables handling data volume to
come from next generation sensors and more accurate / efficient data assimilation (e.g. NWP)
NAST-I Team Sounding-related Contributions
NASA, CGMS-41, July 2013
Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites - CGMS
NASA / NPOESS Airborne Sounder Testbed - Interferometer (NAST-I) Overview
IR Michelson Interferometer
Validation tool
AQUA/SNPP/JPSS risk mitigation
Airborne science
Engineering testbed
(a)
C O
NAST-I / S-HIS
NAST has flown ~ 175 mission sorties accumulating ~ 950 hours of flight data in
19 field experiments [e.g., CAMEX, C-IOP, WV-IOP, TRACE-P, IHOP,
CRYSTAL-FACE, INTEX, EAQUATE, JAIVEx, SNPP]
Spectral range: 3.5 - 16 m (630 – 2700 cm-1)Spectral res.: 0.25 cm-1 (/ > 2000 )Spatial res.: 130m/km flight alt.A/C platforms: ER-2, Proteus, WB-57
Radiometric Measurement Capability Radiances <0.5 K absolute accuracy, ~ 0.1 K precision
“Upwelling” IR Radiance Spectrum: Earth + Atmosphere
NASA, CGMS-41, July 2013
Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites - CGMS
Modern hyperspectral sensors have high information content, but handling data volume is problematic Two orders of magnitude more spectral channels and increased
dimensionality (i.e. imaging) than traditional sensors [e.g., GOES (19), MODIS (36), AIRS (2378), IASI (8461), NAST-I (8632), TES (> 15000), HES (> 30000), …]
Only a few hundred channels are typically used in physical retrievals and data assimilation, due to computational expense, yielding sub-optimal results
Developed a super fast/accurate RT model in Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) domain—Principal Component Radiative Transfer Model (PCRTM) Enables operational processing alternative, and independent FM,
radiance, and geophysical product validation Order of magnitude faster than current channel-by-channel based RT
models Validated using clear scenes from NAST-I, AIRS, & IASI, and accuracy
compares favorably with international community standards (e.g. ITWG RTA inter-comparison)
Implemented within a physical retrieval using all channels Implemented for other sensors and spectral regions (e.g. CrIS,
CLARREO, & O2 A-band at OCO / SCIAMACHY)
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Challenge
LaRC approach
IASI CO retrieved using PCRTM
Mean spectra
Comparison of IASI instrument measured and PCRTM model calculated
IASI noiseOBS - CALC
Without CO
With CO
CO (ppmv)CLARREO (IR) PCRTM
Simulated spectra: LBL vs PCRTM
Fast Radiative Transfer Model Evolves from NAST-I Program