NAPOLEON BONAPARTE Ch. 11 Section 3. Napoleon is as important to the French as George Washington is...
-
Upload
darren-greer -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
0
description
Transcript of NAPOLEON BONAPARTE Ch. 11 Section 3. Napoleon is as important to the French as George Washington is...
NAPOLEON BONAPARTENAPOLEON BONAPARTECh. 11 Section 3Ch. 11 Section 3
Napoleon is as important to the French as George Washington is to Americans– He is seen as the savior of France– He ruled France from 1799-1815
He names himself Emperor – He puts in place Enlightenment ideas and
makes the country more democratic
Rise to PowerRise to PowerBorn in Corsica in 1769Received a royal scholarship to study in a military
school in FranceHe rose quickly in the ranks of the French army
– He won the support of his men w/ his energy, charm, ability to make decisions, keen intelligence, ease w/ words, and supreme confidence in himself
1799 – he took control of France at 30 years old– He was first consul and had total control of the govt.– 1802 he was named consul for life– 1804 he named himself Emperor Napoleon I
Making Religious PeaceMaking Religious PeaceNapoleon was not a religious man, but he
claimed to be Catholic while in France– A large majority of the population was Catholic
1801 – an agreement b/w the Napoleon and the Pope– Napoleon recognized Catholicism as the majority
religion in France– In return, the pope agreed not to ask for the return of
the church lands seized in the revolution The Catholic Church was no longer an enemy of the
French govt.
Codification of the LawsCodification of the LawsHis most famous domestic achievement
– This was a single law code for the entire nationThe most important code was the Civil
Code (also called the Napoleonic Code)– This code recognized…
The equality of all citizens b/f the law Gave jobs based on skill, not class Religious toleration Abolition of serfdom and feudalism
No Equality for WomenNo Equality for WomenThe revolution made divorce easy for both men
and women and allowed daughters to inherit property– The Civil Code undid these laws
The Civil Code…– Made it more difficult for women to divorce – Women were now less equal than men– When women married lost their property to their
husbands– Women were treated as minors in lawsuits and
regarded as less reliable than a man’s testimony
Napoleon’s AccomplishmentsNapoleon’s AccomplishmentsWhat did he do for France?
– Controlled govt. spending to fix deficit– Encourage people to start business
Put money into the economy– Built schools– Built roads and canals for trade– Encouraged religious freedom– Brought peace b/w the classes– Awarded jobs based on skill, not class– Enlarged the borders of France– Was a working leader – ruler and general
Napoleon’s EmpireNapoleon’s Empire1807-1812 Napoleon was the master of EuropeHis Grand Empire had 3 parts
– French Empire – inner core of the Grand Empire Enlarged France to the Rhine River and into Italy
– Dependent States – kingdoms under the rule of Napoleon’s relatives
Spain, Holland, Italy, union of all German states except Austria and Prussia
– Allied States – defeated by Napoleon and forced to join him against Britain
Prussia, Austria, Russia, Sweden
Making the World FranceNapoleon tried to destroy the old order in
the inner core and the dependent states– He did this by…
The nobility and clergy losing their privileges Opportunities were based on skill, not class Everyone equal b/f the law Religious tolerance
Napoleon tried to make the world France by forcing them to surrender to his rule– He tried to take away their culture and make
them like the French
Napoleon’s Empire FailsThe French Empire failed for 2 reasons…
– Britain – Napoleon was never able to defeat Britain– Nationalism – unique cultural identity of a nation
based on common language, religion, and national traditions
By spreading French Revolution principles he aroused nationalism in the countries he conquered– His hatred of anything not French stirred the
patriotism of others in opposition to France– The French were an inspiration to others what
nationalism was and what a nation in arms could do
Beginning of the End1812 – Napoleon invades Russia – they were
refusing to go along w/ Napoleon’s demands any longer– Napoleon’s army of over 600,000 men entered Russia– Russians retreated into their country burning villages
as they went To keep Napoleon’s army from finding food
– W/o food and supplies Napoleon was forced to retreat in terrible winter conditions
Only 40,000 of the 600,000 made it out of Russia alive
Napoleon’s First Exile
The disaster in Russia led other European countries to rise up against Napoleon– Paris was captured in March 1814– Napoleon was sent into exile on the island of
Elba– The monarchy was restored to France with
Louis XVIII (brother of Louis XVI)
Napoleon Regains PowerNapoleon Regains Power
Louis XVIII had little support in FranceNapoleon slipped back into France to regain
control– Troops were sent to capture him– Those troops ended up fighting for him
Napoleon made it to Paris and regained control in March 1815– Napoleon then moved to attack the nearest
forces that were against him in Belgium
The Final DefeatThe Final Defeat
June 1815 – at Waterloo in Belgium– Napoleon met a combined British and Prussian
army and he suffered a bloody defeatAfter this final defeat, Napoleon was exiled
to St. Helena– A small island near Africa in the South Atlantic– Napoleon never returned to France– He died 6 years later on St. Helena
Images of NapoleonImages of Napoleon
Napoleon in his early days of power (note: hand in coat & modest clothing)
Napoleon at the height of power (note: robes & symbols of power)
Quotes of NapoleonQuotes of Napoleon1. A man will fight harder for his interests
than for his rights.2. Even when I am gone, I shall remain in
the people’s minds as the star of their rights; my name will be the war cry of their efforts, the motto of their hopes.
3. Men are more easily governed through their vices than through their virtues.
4. I know when it is necessary to leave the skin of a lion and take one of the fox.
5. If you wish to be a success in the world, promise everything & deliver nothing.