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Clearing Provincial Reality

Matevž Čelik

¶ Provincial settlements represent spaces for spontaneous, uti­li tarian interventions rather than for intentional and complete planning. The historical core of the dispersed village of Ljubno has obtained new extensions; the formerly unsurfaced road has been broadened into asphalted communication and the river bed, eroded by high waters, strengthened with huge bro ken stone blocks. As a result of changes in the relation towards the fertile soil, there are more and more abandoned fields. The fields have been left somewhere in­between: they are located between individual residential buildings, between the road and technically consolidated river bed. Today, this space also includes a new park, which is in stark contrast to everything that surrounds it. ¶ Can such an autonomous space function as an integral part of a spontaneously emerged rural landscape at all? Maister Park in Ljubno represents the clearing of the earlier described reality. It establishes a stylized contact of the urban and natural, which is suitable for the

arhitekt architect

fotografije photographs by Miran Kambič

Matej Kučina Primož Pugelj

Maister Park, Ljubno od Savinji, Slovenia

Čišćenje provincijske realnosti

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¶ Provincijska naselja predstavljaju prije prostor za spontane utilitarne zahvate nego za namjerno i kompletno planiranje. Povijesna jezgra raspršenog sela Ljubno dobila je nove kra­kove, nekadašnji kolni put se proširio u asfaltiranu prome tni cu, visokim vodama erodirano korito rijeke je učvršćeno velikim lomljenim kamenim gromadama. Zbog promijenjenog odnosa prema plodnoj zemlji sve je više napuštenih polja. Zaostala su negdje između: nalaze se među pojedinim zgradama, između ceste i tehnički saniranog riječnog korita. U taj prostor danas ulazi još i novi park, koji je u oštrom kontrastu prema svemu što ga okružuje. ¶ Može li tako autonoman prostor uopće funkcionirati kao integralni dio spontano nastalog ruralnog krajolika? Maisterov park u Ljubnu predstavlja čišćenje opisane realnosti. Uspostavlja stilizirani dodir urbanog i prirodnog koji odgovara promijenjenom načinu života i drugačijem načinu korištenja krajolika u urbaniziranim ruralnim naseljima. Ire­alan, umjetni svijet koji nadograđuje suvremenu provincijsku

Maisterov park, Ljubno ob Savinji, Slovenija

kiparsculpturer

80 81matej kučina, Maister Park

changed way of life and different manner of using landscape in urbanized rural settlements. It is an unreal, artificial world which builds upon contemporary provincial reality and mo ves its boundaries further. It is placed in an unplanned tra ditional space as a new, autonomous, precisely defined reli ef, removed from the natural. ¶ The eroded river bank was tech ni cally consolidated back in 1995. This year, on one part of the bank which was reinforced with huge stone blocks, the location

has also obtained the new park. It is dedicated to Rudolf Maister who, after the First World War, managed to secure for Slovenia a pertinent part of the disintegrated Habsburg Monarchy, and thus defined the northern border of today’s Slovenia. Maister’s dematerialized company of curved metal poles stand like ghostly apparitions between the road and river. The park behind it breaks in sharp lines into an abstract grid­like surface which descends from green oases and sandy footpaths, over fixed rocky surfaces into the river Savinja’s bed. The promenade by the river is arranged similarly to abstract gentle hills, amongst which the new national borders were set in those turbulent times. ¶ White concrete edges represent the frame within which green hills and grey footpaths are pla ced. On the plot cut into triangular, trapezoid and deltoid pieces artificial ridges are formed, and they introduce a visible contrast in the gentle, curved landscape with their dynamics of sharply broken lines and surfaces. Next to the natural slo pes on one side of the river, dense bushes grow exuberantly; on the opp osite side, the newly formed landscape is a bare, cleared geometrical surface. In spite of the differences, the park acts

oris, broj 53, godina 2008 oris, number 53, year 2008 matej kučina, Maisterov park

situacija

site plan

realnost i pomiče njene granice. U neplanirani tradicionalni prostor smješten je kao novi, samosvojni, precizno definirani reljef, udaljen od prirodnog. ¶ Erodirana riječna obala je bila već 1995. godine tehnički sređena. Na dijelu obale, učvršće­nom velikim kamenim gromadama, je mjesto ove godine do­bilo novi park. Posvećen je Rudolfu Maisteru, koji je nakon 1. svjetskog rata za Sloveniju izborio njoj pripadajući dio ras­pale Habsburške monarhije i tako postavio sjevernu granicu

današnje Slovenije. Poput utvara stoji dematerijalizirana Mai­ste rova četa od zakrivljenih metalnih štapova između ceste i rijeke. Park iza nje se u oštrim linijama prelama u apstraktnu mrežnu površinu, koja se od zelenih oaza i pjeskovitih sta za preko učvršćenih stjenovitih površina spušta u korito Savi­nje. Šetalište uz rijeku uređeno je nalik na apstraktne bre­žulj ke, usred kojih su u ona nemirna vremena postav ljane no ve državne granice. ¶ Bijeli betonski rubovi predstavljaju okvir unutar kojeg se nalaze zeleni brežuljci i sive staze. Na zemljištu izrezanom na trokutne, trapezne i deltoidne komade oblikovani su umjetni grebeni koji dinamikom oštro lomljenih crta i ploha unose vidljivi kontrast u meki, zaobljeni krajolik. Uz prirodne obronke s jedne strane rijeke buja gusto grmlje, a na suprotnoj je strani novooblikovani krajolik gola, očišćena geometrijska površina. Unatoč različitosti park djeluje kao pre ma van otvoreni entitet koji se preko veza unutar svoje strukture usmjerava prema okolišu: prema rijeci, naselju, cesti. ¶ U malim ruralnim naseljima kao što je Ljubno ob Savinji su par kovi i drugi projektirani javni prostori prije iznimka ne go pravilo. U prošlosti su u tim brdovitim krajevima rad i život

poprečni presjek

cross section

poprečni presjek

cross section

82 83matej kučina, Maister Park

as an entity open outwards, directed towards its surroundings through the connections within its own structure: toward the river, the settlement, the road. ¶ In small rural settlements like Ljubno ob Savinji , parks and other designed public spaces are exceptions rather than the rule. In the past, work and life were closely linked to nature in these hilly regions, and nature was everything to the inhabitants: work and leisure time, source of survival and existential threat. The need for the urban culti­vation of nature for purposes of leisure time and pleasure has appeared only recently, from the time when the income of most of the population was no longer related to agriculture, forestry and barges in settlements by the river Savinja. Due to the barges, life in Ljubno was especially closely connected to the river. Savinja’s bargees used to travel on the rivers of the Balkan Peninsula in the second half of the 18th century, all the way to the Danube and Black Sea. ¶ In spite of the fact that barges today are just another interesting element of folklore, the Savinja has still retained its crucial influence on life in Lju­bno. The longest river flowing exclusively through Slovene territory often floods. How important it is that unpredictable and wild water flows were taken into consideration during the settling and arranging of river banks was proved in 1990, when floods badly affected this settlement as well. Urbanized spaces by water are too rarely adequately arranged in settlements in Slovenia; technical water flood control has a utilitarian chara­cter from the very beginning, therefore the landscape design of the bank which can be seen in the park in Ljubno was almost indecent to propose. Maister Park is a proof that design can refine the physical capital of a space by a water flow, while the technical arrangement gains an added value for a settlement and its inhabitants.

oris, broj 53, godina 2008 oris, number 53, year 2008 matej kučina, Maisterov park

bili tijesno povezani s prirodom, koja je za stanovnike pred­stavljala sve: rad i slobodno vrijeme, izvor preživljavanja i eg zi stencijalnu prijetnju. Potreba za urbanim kultivira njem pri rode u svrhu provođenja slobodnog vremena i uživanja po ja vila se tek nedavno, otkada primanja većine stanovnika više nije vezano za poljoprivredu, šumarstvo, a u mjestima uz Savi nju i uz splavarenje. Zbog splavarenja je život u Ljubnu bio naročito tijesno povezan s rijekom. Savinjski splavari su u drugoj polovici 18. stoljeća plovili po rijekama Balkanskog poluotoka, sve do Dunava i Crnog mora. ¶ Unatoč činjenice da je danas splavarenje još samo zanimljiv element folklora, Savinja još uvijek ima odlučujući utjecaj na život u Ljubnu. Najduža rijeka koja teče isključivo slovenskim teritorijem če­sto poplavljuje. Kako je važno da su pri naseljavanju i ure đenju riječnih obala uzeti u obzir nepredvidljivi i divlji vodeni tokovi pokazalo se 1990. godine, kada su poplave snažno po go dile i ovo mjesto. Urbanizirani prostor uz rijeke je u nase ljima u Sloveniji prerijetko primjereno uređen, tehničko uređenje vo­do tokova bujica ima od samog početka utilitarni kara kter, pa je pejzažno oblikovanje obale, kakvo možemo vid je ti u parku u Ljubnu, bilo gotovo nepristojno predlagati. Maisterov park je dokaz da oblikovanje može oplemeniti kapital prostora uz vodeni tok, a tehničko uređenje dobiva dodatnu vrijednost za mjesto i njegove stanovnike.

autori authors

arhitektonski ured architectural officeinvestitor client

površina parcele site areaizgrađena površina built up area

projekt projectrealizacija completed

Maisterov park, Ljubno ob Savinji, SlovenijaGeneral Maister memorial park, Ljubno ob Savinji, Slovenia

Matej Kučina – arhitektura / architecturePrimož Pugelj – skulptura / sculptureBRUTODruštvo boraca za sjevernu granicu / Society of Soldiers for the Northern Border1500 m²1500 m²20052007