NanotechnologyNanotechnology (sometimes (sometimes

shortened to "shortened to "nanotechnanotech") is the study of manipulating ") is the study of manipulating matter on an matter on an atomicatomic and and molecularmolecular scale. Generally, scale. Generally,

nanotechnology deals with developing materials, devices, or nanotechnology deals with developing materials, devices, or other structures possessing at least one dimension sized other structures possessing at least one dimension sized

from 1 to 100 from 1 to 100 nanometresnanometres. . Quantum mechanicalQuantum mechanical effects are effects are

important at this important at this quantum-realmquantum-realm scale. scale.

NanotechnologyNanotechnology (sometimes (sometimes

shortened to "shortened to "nanotechnanotech") is the study of manipulating ") is the study of manipulating matter on an matter on an atomicatomic and and molecularmolecular scale. Generally, scale. Generally,

nanotechnology deals with developing materials, devices, or nanotechnology deals with developing materials, devices, or other structures possessing at least one dimension sized other structures possessing at least one dimension sized

from 1 to 100 from 1 to 100 nanometresnanometres. . Quantum mechanicalQuantum mechanical effects are effects are

important at this important at this quantum-realmquantum-realm scale. scale.

A nanometre, marked with the symbol "nm", is a length equal to one billionth of a meter or a millionth of a millimetre.

1 nm = 10-9 m = 10-6 mm = 10-3 m A nm corresponds to a fragment of metal containing about 4 atoms. Classic under the microscope are visible particles sized more than 200-500 nm.

The prefix "nano" comes from the ancient Greek where it means "dwarf". In science and technology "nano" refers to units of

measure, i.e. the one in a billion.

Nano-technologiesNano-technologies implemented in practice: implemented in practice:Nano-technologiesNano-technologies implemented in practice: implemented in practice:

Some examples of nano-technologies that are already Some examples of nano-technologies that are already made and used in practice, even if they are still made and used in practice, even if they are still

expensive (January 2009): expensive (January 2009): Lakes of cars with higher grades (resistant to scratches; Lakes of cars with higher grades (resistant to scratches; autorefacere; with putting into service since 2003) rear-autorefacere; with putting into service since 2003) rear-

view view mirrors which do not auto men that mirrors which do not auto men that

Windows does not condense water on ceiling Windows does not condense water on ceiling transparenttransparent

Windows auto producing electric current; others that Windows auto producing electric current; others that darkens after desiredarkens after desire

improvement of material properties improvement of material properties adhesive substances (chemical products) which, adhesive substances (chemical products) which,

subject to e.g. in microwave, allow smooth and peel off subject to e.g. in microwave, allow smooth and peel off two pieces of metaltwo pieces of metal

How nanotechnology will help MAN

• Nanitii will be used in medicine, it can be anticipated to diseased cells eventually.The problem of mankind will be on hand whose "scientist" would fall.

A molecular assembler• A molecular assembler is a system

proposed by the nano-machine, i.e. the nanometric level construction, combines reactive molecules via mecano-synthesis, building larger parts and precise atomic level. They, in turn, are assembled by other mechanisms to create very precise, macroscopic parts that could be used in building the infrastructure or technology (e.g. pipes, nets, lenses, etc.)

NanosensorsNanosensorsNanosensorsNanosensors

Are any biological, chemical, or Are any biological, chemical, or surgicalsurgical sensory sensory points used to convey information about points used to convey information about

nanoparticlesnanoparticles to the to the macroscopicmacroscopic world. Their use world. Their use mainly include various medicinal purposes and as mainly include various medicinal purposes and as gateways to building other nanoproducts, such as gateways to building other nanoproducts, such as computer chips that work at the nanoscale and computer chips that work at the nanoscale and nanorobotsnanorobots. Presently, there are several ways . Presently, there are several ways

proposed to make nanosensors, including proposed to make nanosensors, including top-down lithography, bottom-up assemblytop-down lithography, bottom-up assembly, and , and

molecular self-assemblymolecular self-assembly

DNA nanostructures

The nanosensor is made up of "reporter" molecules, which reacts to cellular electrical activity. These

molecules are attached to particles of gold, that can penetrate easily into cells. The result is a sensor

that can be scanned using a laser to measure the electrical activity of the cell, indicating whether it is

in a good condition.

A serious problem is that it is not only very few know about the impact of nanoparticle on the human body.

Made some cosmetic testing showed that titanium dioxide nano scale does not penetrate through the skin. However tests have not been complete. Some animal

studies have shown that nanoparticulele can be produced by inhalation lung damage.

Development of nano-scale will entail as quickly and thorough study of the impact of these products for

humans.

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