PRESENTERS: JAY-R APOSTOL MAHMOUD AOUN

DATE: MARCH 24, 2011

INTRODUCTION

NANOTECHNOLOGY

1. NANOTECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW1.1 HISTORY OF NANOTECHNOLOGY1.2 DEFINITION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

2. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING2.1 NANOMACHINES2.2 NANOBOTS

3. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ELECTRONICS3.1 WAYS OF IMPROVEMENT3.2 NANOELECTRONICS: APPLICATIONS UNDER DEVELOPMENT

4. NANOTECHNLOGY IN MEDICINE4.1 DRUG DELIVERY 4.2 THERAPY TECHNICS

4.3 ANTI-MICROBIAL TECHNIQUES

5. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION6. REFERENCES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

HISTORY OF NANOTECHNOLOGY DEFINITION OF

NANOTECHNOLOGY

NANOTECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

HISTORY OF NANOTECHNOLOGY - Moore’s Law - Development of

nanotechnology since 1965

NANOTECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

First what is Nano?Nano - A prefix- From Greek word náno - meaning dwarf- Extremely small- In the names of units of measure – one billionth- Nano meter scale - one billionth of a meter ( x10-9

m. )

NANOTECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

DEFINITION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

NANOTECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

What is Technology?Technology – the branch of knowledge that deals with creation in the fields of :- Engineering- Industrial arts- Applied science - Pure science

Now what is Nanotechnology?- The engineering of functional systems at a molecular scale- The manipulation of the structure of matter at the molecular level- The “bottom up” approach of building materials from a nanometer scale using techniques and tools being developed today to make complete, highly advanced products. - Basically mean small technology

NANOTECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING

NANOMACHINES NANOBOTS

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING

2. 1 NANOMACHINES

I-switch- A DNA nanomachine- Externally triggered by protons - Based on fluorescence resounance

energy transfer(FRET)- Functions as a pH(a measure of

acidity) sensor

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING

I-switch mapping out spatial and temporal pH changes associated with endosome maturation.

Drosophila cells with the I-switch inside their endosomes.

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING

Nanoimpellers- Nanotubes made of light-sensitive silica

- Carries cancer-killing drugs

- Targets only cancer cells

- Injected into human cancer cells in vitro

How does it work?When light strikes the silica

- Tiny tails inside the tubes wag back and forth

- Creates a current that releases the drugs out of the tube

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING

A cancer cell culture from a kidney tumour is shown.

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING

2.2 NANOBOTS

Mechanical Nanobots

Consists of:- Head- Two arms- Two legs

Fictional Nanobot

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING

Biological Nanobot

Nanobot Made of Bacteria- Can be injected with catheter

- Can be guided with magnetic field

- It’s purpose is to deliver a toxicpayload

WAYS OF IMPROVEMENT NANOELECTRONICS APPLICATION

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ELECTRONICS

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ELECTRONICS

3.1 WAYS OF INPROVEMENT: - Reduce the weight and power

consumption. - Improve display screens on

electronics devices. - Increase the density of memory

chips. - Reduce the size of transistors used

in integrated circuits.

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ELECTRONICS

3.2 NANOELECTRONICS: APPLICATIONS UNDER DEVELOPMENT

- Building transistors - Using electrodes made from

nanowires - Developing molecular-sized

transistors - Using nanosized magnetic rings - Usage of carbon nanotubes

DRUG DELIVERY THERAPY TECHNIQUES ANTI – MICROBIAL TECHNIQUES

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE

4.1 DRUG DELIVERY - Employing nanoparticles to deliver

drugs. - Oral administration of drugs.

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE

4.2 THERAPY TECHNIQUES - Buckyballs - Nanoshells - Nanoparticles - Aluminosilicate Nanoparticles - Nanofibers

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE

4.3 ANTI-MICROBIAL TECHNIQUES - Nanoparticle Cream -

Nanocapsules

- Cell repairs using Nanorobots

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION- From being a theory to something we can

now see, words turned into reality.- Nanotechnology has evolved over the period

of time for many decades, and is now showing its potential to the whole world.

- The development of nanomachines such as: I-switch, nanoimpellers, nanobots etc.

- Nanotechnology will increase your standard of living.

- Up to today nanotechnology is what's in, what's new, and what's the latest technology being developed all over the world.

REFERENCES (IMAGES)

1. Berger, M. (2009) http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/id10028.jpg

2. Bland, E. (2008) http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2008/04/14/gallery/cancer-cells-324x205.jpg

3. Anonimous (2010) http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_QIjZXwAi4ag/TIKuge55MGI/AAAAAAAABS8/Q73ywLx2_5w/s1600/nanobots1.jpg

4. Anonimous (2010)

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_QIjZXwAi4ag/TIKxNvQ3hsI/AAAAAAAABTA/pHkx_zQHXsk/s1600/Two-Legged-Nanobot-Can-Walk-on-DNA-2.jpg

5.   Nature Education Editorial (June 25, 2009) http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/student-voices/nanoparticle_concerns_getting_under_your1

6. Medgadget, internet journal of emerging medical tecnology, Wednesday, March 16, 2011 http://www.medgadget.com/archives/2011/03/researchers_use_gold_nanoparticles_as_drug_carrier_in_new_cancer_treatment.html

7. Star Group Research, (01-19-10). http://www.pitt.edu/~astar/Star_research.htm

REFERENCES (TEXT)

1. Anonymous. (2011). nano. Retrieved from http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/nano

2. Anonymous. (2011). Technology.Retrieved from http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/technology

3. Treder, M. (2006,March 17). What is Nanotechnology?Retrieved from http://crnano.typepad.com/crnblog/2004/05/what_is_nanotec.html

4. Berger, M. (2009, April 9). Synthetic DNA nanomachines go to work inside living cellsRetrieved from http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=10028.php

5. Bland, E. (2008, April 4). Nanoimpellers Zap Cancer Cells From WithinRetrieved from http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2008/04/14/nanoimpeller-cancer.html

6. National Cancer Institute Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer(Nanomedicine)

Retrieved from http://www.understandingnano.com/medicine.html7. Center for Electron Transport in Molecular Nanostructures at

Columbia University (Nanoelectronics)

http://www.understandingnano.com/nanotechnology-electronics.html8. History of Nanotechnology

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_nanotechnology

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