NANOTECH PRESENTATION FINAL
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Transcript of NANOTECH PRESENTATION FINAL
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The Ethics of Nanotechnology
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PRESENTED BY
AMIT KUMARTANISHA SINGH
AAYUSH RAJ SINHASYED SAIFULLAH TARIQUE
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Introduction
Imagine a world in which …
• cars can be assembled molecule-by-molecule
• garbage can be disassembled and turned into beef steaks, and
• people can be operated on and healed by cell-sized robots
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Sounds like a science fiction ?
Nanotechnology is the practical everyday application of a futuristic science so amazing you may have trouble believing it’s for real. But for investors, it is very real.
semiconductor chip manufacturing encroaching upon the nanometer scale
ability to move individual atoms ability to fabricate devices that can manipulate things at the atomic level
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What is Nanotechnology?
Nanotechnology, also called molecular manufacturing, is "a branch of engineeringthat deals with the design and manufacture of extremely small electroniccircuits and mechanical devices built at the molecular level of matter.“
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There are many different views of precisely what is included in nanotechnology:1. Small size, measured in 100s of nanometers or less. 2. Unique properties because of the small size 3. Control the structure and composition on the nm scale in
order to control the properties.
Nanostructures—objects with nanometer scale features are not new and they were not first created by man. There are many examples of nanostructures in nature:
catalysts, porous materials, certain minerals, soot particles, etc. We have entered the era of engineered nanomaterials and
devices
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Goals of Nanotechnology
To be able to manipulate materials at the atomic level
To build the smallest possible electromechanical devices, given the physical limitations of matter.
In essence, the purpose of developing nanotechnology is to have tools to work on the molecular level analogous to the tools we have at the macroworld level.
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Potential Benefits...Just given the basic premises of nanotechnology, you can imagine the vast potential, such as:
• Manufacturing o Precision Manufacturing o Material Reuse o Miniaturization
• Medicine o Pharmaceutical Creation o Disease Treatment o Nanomachine-assisted Surgery
• Environment o Toxin Cleanup o Recyclingo Resource Consumption Reduction
Respirocytes with Red Cells.
(by Vik Olliver, 1998)
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POTENTIAL DANGERSUnfortunately, the technology can be used for dangerous ends.
• Weapons o Miniature Weapons and Explosives o Disassemblers for Military Use
• Rampant Nanomachines o The Gray Goo Scenario o Self Replicating Nanomachines
• Nanoterrorism
• Surveillance o Monitoring o Tracking
The flip side to these benefits is the possibility of assemblers and disassemblersbeing used to create weapons, be used as weapons themselves, or for them to runwild and wreak havoc.
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Why worry?The ethical issues fall into the areas of equity, privacy, security, environment, and metaphysical questions concerning human–machine interactions.
Privacy and security: 1.dramatically improving surveillance devices 2.producing new weapons 3.near-invisible microphones, cameras, and tracking devices
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Environmental issues:toxicity and exposure to humans and the environmentthe biological and chemicaleffects of nanoparticles on human
bodies or natural ecosystems leakage, spillage, circulation, and concentration of nanoparticles
that would cause a hazard to bodies or ecosystems.Nanopollution: generated due towaste generated during their
manufacture
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Ethical Issues & Analysis
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Ethical Concepts Of Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology covers personal and social aspects of etics
Personal aspects covers character of individual. Social aspects looks in harmony of society. Nanotechnology has thrown motivists in debate since it
do not consider human emotions. Consequentialist theory is applicable to it since its
consequence are not good.
THE INDIAN SCENARIO There is more funding on commercial applications rather on risk
management and research and development. Lately some initiatives have been taken for addressing risk
issues by Nano Mission and key scientific agencies. • NIPER is developing regulatory approval guidelines for
nanotechnology based drugs and standards for toxicological tests in nano‐based drug delivery systems.
• In 2010, DST appointed a task force which has been asked to advice NanoMission Council to develop a regulatory body for nanotechnology in India.
• Firms involved in nanotechnology based product development primarily products addressing water, textile, drug delivery have undertaken Life Cycle
Analysis (LCA) partnering with research institutes/universities. • Standardization remains an area of concern. India, has only
taken initial first steps in addressing standardization issue.
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RECOMMENDATIONS Nano machines should not be self replicating. A non government regulatory or advisory commision
should be setup . Nano machines should only be specialised,not
general purpose. Create institutions to monitor development of
nanotechnology. Establish dialogue with the public and with industry. Develop guidelines and standards for production,
handling, commercialization and risk assessment of nanomaterials.
Nano machines should be tagged so that they can be tracked.
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Conclusion
Ethical guidelines are needed to ensure that nanotechnology is not used for harmful purposes.
We broaden the canves to examine regulation towards addressing ‘responsible technology development’, innovation governance.
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Questions????