Nanoemulsions
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Transcript of Nanoemulsions
NanoemulsionsApplication of Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery
Antonio Di Martino
Nanoemulsions
• Dispersion of two immiscible liquids stabilized by a surfactant
• Thermodynamically and kinetically stable
• Droplets from 5 to 200 nm
Nanoemulsions Emulsion
Microemulsion
Nanoemulsion
Thermodynamically unstable Opaque High energy required to form
Thermodynamically stable Clear It forms spontaneously
Thermodynamically or kinetically stable Clear High shear application to form
Int. J. Nanomed. 2014,9,pp 1-8
Nanoemulsions - Classification Depending on the composition :
O/W : oil droplets dispersed in continuous aqueous phase
W/O : water droplets are dispersed in continuous oil phase
Bi-continuous : microdomains of oil and water are dispersed within the system
J. Mat. Chem. 2012, 22, pp 9767-9773
Nanoemulsions - Preparation
Materials
Methods
Low energy methods High energy methods
Phase Inversion Temperature Phase Inversion Composition Solvent Displacement
Use of devices with high mechanical energy to create nanoemulsions
Oils Surfactants Aqueous phase
Capryol90 Lauroglycol90 Labrafil CS Poloxamer124 PEG4000
Captex 355 Captex 8000 Witepsol Myritol 318
Nanoemulsions - Characterization
Morphology
Size, PDI
Viscosity
Skin permeation
Surface characterization
Refractive Index
Nanoemulsions - Applications
Agriculture
Cleaning products
Cosmetic
Pharmaceutic
Biomedical
Nanoemulsions - Drug DeliveryAdvantages Increase drug loading Enhance drug solubility Bioavailability Controlled drug delivery Protection of drug
Disadvantages Expensive process Stability Solubility Lack of understanding of interfacial chemistry More proofs about more benefits compared to classical macroemulsions
J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112 (33), 12669-12676.
Commercially Available Nanoemulsions
Conclusions
Nanoemulsions are receiving increasing attention as drug carrier
Applicable for almost all routes of delivery
Wide range of molecules can be loaded
New technology could be developed to overcome the poor absorption and miscibility of some phytopharmaceutical