Nano-Optics for Enhancing Light-MatterInteractions on a Molecular Scale

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Series B: Physics and Biophysics

Nano-Optics for EnhancingLight-Matter Interactionson a Molecular Scale

Plasmonics, Photonic Materialsand Sub-Wavelength Resolution

edited by

Baldassare Di BartoloBoston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA

John CollinsWheaton College, Norton, MA, USA

and

Luciano SilvestriAssistant EditorBoston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA

123Published in Cooperation with NATO Emerging Security Challenges Division

Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Nano-Opticsfor Enhancing Light-Matter Interactions on a Molecular Scale: Plasmonics,Photonic Crystals, Metamaterials and Sub-Wavelength ResolutionErice, Sicily, Italy3–18 July 2011

Library of Congress Control Number: 2012944748

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If a man will begin with certainties, he willend in doubts;but if he will be content to begin with doubts,he shall end in certainties.

Francis Bacon

Preface

This book presents an account of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on “Nano-Optics for Enhancing Light-Matter Interactions on a Molecular Scale: Plasmonics,Photonic Crystals, Metamaterials and Sub-Wavelength Resolution,” held in Erice,Sicily, Italy, from 3 to 18 July 2011. This meeting was organized by the InternationalSchool of Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy of the “Ettore Majorana” Center forScientific Culture.

Quoting one of our lecturers (L. Novotny): “Nano-optics is the study of opticalphenomena and techniques on the nanometer scale, that is, near or beyond thediffraction limit of light. It is an emerging field of study, motivated by the rapidadvance of nanoscience and nanotechnology which require adequate tools andstrategies for fabrication, manipulation and characterization at this scale.”

The Institute provided a comprehensive overview of the rapidly expanding fieldof nano-optics, and outlined the current state of the art both in terms of the theoryand applications to various technologies. The topics presented covered a broadrange of subjects within the field of nano-optics, and included both the fundamentaland advanced treatments of the following topics: plasmonics, photonic crystals,metamaterials, imaging with sub-wavelength resolution, ultrafast spectroscopy forcoherent control of biomolecules, fluorescence resonant energy transfer, photo-voltaics, photonic structures for information delivery and processing, non-linearphenomena, luminescence of nanostructures, waveguide arrays of nanostructrures,and terahertz spectroscopy for imaging at the nanoscale. The applications of nano-optics presented included: bio-imaging with subwavelength resolution, plasmonicsfor cell manipulation and materials processing at the nanoscale, transfection andnano-surgical techniques using ultrafast lasers, the enhancement of fluorescencefor bioimaging, sensors based on plasmonics and various nano-structured materials,photovoltaics using nano-materials, photonic crystals for fiber communication, andultrasensitive techniques (optical microcavities and waveguide arrays) for detectionof chemical and biological molecules and explosives in the field.

Each lecturer started at a fundamental level, ultimately reaching the frontier ofknowledge in a systematic and didactic fashion. The participants were encouragedto ask questions both during and after the lectures, which often led to lively

vii

viii Preface

interactions. The formal lectures were complemented by additional seminars anddiscussions. The Institute gave the participants an opportunity to present theirresearch work in the form of short seminars or poster presentations. In all, 10 shortseminars and 42 posters were presented.

The participants came from 21 different countries: United States, England,Germany, Italy, Canada, France, Spain, The Netherlands, Finland, Denmark,Norway, Poland, Switzerland, Russia, Ukraine, Czech Republic, Uzbekistan,Belarus, Estonia, Croatia, and Egypt. Over the 2 weeks of the course, participantswere given numerous opportunities to interact with one another, at both formal(poster sessions, seminars) and informal (e.g. dinners, excursions) events. The goalwas to allow the participants to learn from one another about their scientific workand to expose them to others researchers from various cultures.

Two roundtable discussions were conducted during the course. The first discus-sion, conducted early in the course, allowed for the organizers and lectures to getimmediate feedback from the participants regarding the organizational aspects ofthe course. The second roundtable meeting, held on the last day of the course,assessed the overall effectiveness of the course from the view of the participants.All participants filled out an evaluation form for the course and were given theopportunity to express their views at the meeting. The discussion and the evaluationforms indicated that the participants overwhelmingly felt that the course was asuccess. They appreciated the didactic nature of the course and found some of thelecturers very inspiring. They felt that the scientific level of the course was veryhigh, and that both the breadth and balance of the subjects covered were appropriate.They believed the atmosphere of the course helped to promote interaction betweenall participants, especially between students and lecturers, and that these interactionsoften led to creative discussions. They also appreciated that the lectures were madeavailable to all the participants online.

The evaluations provided many helpful suggestions that we will implementin the next course. Several participants suggested that additional informationbe made available online regarding some practical aspects of coming to Erice(accommodations, food, climate, etc.). They indicated a desire to have an onlineform on the web site to submit abstracts for posters and short seminars. Generally,they believed that a greater online presence would help in disseminating informationabout the course. Many participants also expressed a desire for additional eventswith a non-scientific focus, such as the special session given by one lecturer on hisrecent climb of Mt. Kilimanjaro.

Overall, it seemed that all the students enjoyed meeting and discussing theirwork not only with the lecturers, but also with one another. They appreciated theopportunity to meet with fellow graduate students and post-doctoral researchersfrom other countries who are working in the same field, or in related fields thatcould enhance their own work. They generated friendships and contacts that willvery likely lead to new collaborations and opportunities for the enhancement oftheir research work.

The evaluations allowed us to gather new ideas on how to further improve thecourse, and revealed a consensus that the course will benefit their research work.

Preface ix

The following quotes from the evaluation forms give insights into how the studentsviewed their experience at the Institute.

“Very useful and interesting. The atmosphere is very special and very creative.The lineup of the speakers is fantastic : : : . A great service to the community.”

“The most valuable thing I got out of the conference was meeting the other peoplewho are involved in my field : : : . This was especially true for those of us from asmall group, who maybe don’t have as many people to bounce ideas off of.”

“Very nice atmosphere among participants. Professors available for questions andwilling to answer was highly important.”

Summaries of the lectures, seminars, and posters are presented in this report.I wish to acknowledge the sponsorship of the meeting by the NATO Organi-

zation, the Karlsruhe School of Optics, Boston College, the Italian Ministry ofScientific Research and Technology, and the Sicilian Regional Government.

I am looking forward to our activities at the Ettore Majorana Center in years tocome, including the next 2013 meeting of the International School of Atomic andMolecular Spectroscopy.

Baldassare (Rino) Di BartoloDirector of the International SchoolOf Atomic and Molecular SpectroscopyOf the “Ettore Majorana Center”

x Preface

Nano-Optics Summer SchoolErice, July 3–18, 2011

The Co-Directors

Preface xi

The Team

Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

List of Past Institutes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix

Part I Lectures

1 Real-Time Optical Detection of Single Nanoparticlesand Viruses Using Heterodyne Interferometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Anirban Mitra and Lukas Novotny

2 Photonic Metamaterials and Transformation Optics:A Very Brief Introduction and Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Martin Wegener

3 Plasmonic Enhancement of Light Emission and Scatteringin Nanostructures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Sergei V. Gaponenko

4 Sub-Wavelength Optical Fluorescence Microscopyfor Biological Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47P.N. Hedde and Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus

5 Raman Spectroscopy and Optical Coherence Tomographyon a Micro-Chip: Arrayed-Waveguide-Grating-BasedOptical Spectroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Markus Pollnau, N. Ismail, B.I. Akca, K. Wörhoff,and R.M. De Ridder

6 Introduction to Fluorescence Spectroscopywith Applications to Biological Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Baldassare Di Bartolo

7 Nanophotonics: Linear and Nonlinear Optics at the Nanoscale . . . . . . 119Christopher C. Evans and Eric Mazur

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xiv Contents

8 Synthesis and Spectroscopy of Nanoparticles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177Alexander P. Voitovich, G.E. Malashkevich,and N.V. Tarasenko

9 Photonic-Crystal Fiber Platform for Ultrafast Optical Science . . . . . . . 195Aleksei M. Zheltikov

10 Structure Property Relationships for Exciton Transferin Conjugated Polymers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215Trisha L. Andrew and T.M. Swager

11 Coherent Control of Biomolecules and Imaging UsingNanodoublers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251L. Bonacina and Jean-Pierre Wolf

12 Taking Whispering Gallery Mode Biosensing to the SingleProtein Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271Steve Arnold, V.R. Dantham, N. Rivilis, and S. Holler

13 Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging at the Nanoscalefor Biological and Security Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287John W. Bowen

14 Application of Plasmonics in Biophotonics: Laserand Nanostructures for Cell Manipulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305Alexander Heisterkamp, M. Schomaker, and D. Heinemann

15 Principles and Applications of Rare Earth Ion-DopedNanoparticles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315John Collins

16 Is There Segregation of Rare Earth Ions in Garnet OpticalCeramics? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333Georges Boulon, T. Epicier, W. Zhao, M. Guzik, Y. Pan,and B. Jiang

17 Random Lasing in Solid State Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347J. Fernández, R. Balda, S. García-Revilla, J. Azkargorta,and I. Iparraguirre

18 Imprint-Templated Nanocoax Array Architecture:Fabrication and Utilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359B. Rizal, F. Ye, P. Dhakal, T.C. Chiles, S. Shepard,G. McMahon, M.J. Burns, and Michael J. Naughton

Contents xv

Part II Short Seminars

19 Metallic Nanoclusters in Layered Crystals: Spectroscopyand Computer Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373Ivan Karbovnyk, I. Bolesta, S. Velgosh, I. Rovetsky,and I. Kolych

20 Optical Antennas for Single Emitter Fluorescence Enhancement . . . . 375Palash Bharadwaj and Lukas Novotny

21 Ultrafast All-Optical Switching in TiO2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377Christopher C. Evans, J. Bradley, O. Reshef,E. Marti-Panameño, and Eric Mazur

22 Coherent Manipulation of Motional States of a SingleTrapped Ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379Alessandro S. Villar

23 Thermalization of an Open Quantum System Via FullDiagonalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381K. Jacobs and Luciano Silvestri

24 The Role of Localized and Propagating Surface Plasmonsin Periodically-Arrayed Nanopillars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383Francisco J. Bezares, Joshua D. Caldwell, O.J. Glembocki,R.W. Rendell, M. Feygelson, M. Ukaegbu, R. Kasica,L. Shirey, N.D. Bassim, and C. Hosten

25 Optical and Structural Properties of Noble Metal Island Films . . . . . . 385M. Loncaric, H. Zorc, and J. Sancho-Parramon

26 Localized Photonic States in Two DimensionalQuasicrystalline Waveguides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387G. Benedek and Andrea Trabattoni

27 Unified Theoretical Model of Loss Compensationand Energy Transfer for Plasmonic Nanoparticles Coatedwith a Shell of Active Gain Molecules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389Vitaliy Pustovit, F. Capolino, and A. Aradian

Part III Poster Presentations

28 Deep UV Strategy for Discriminating Biomolecules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393Svetlana Afonina, O. Nenadl, A. Rondi, S. Weber,L. Bonacina, D. Kiselev, J. Extermann, M. Roth, J. Roslund,H. Rabitz, and Jean-Pierre Wolf

xvi Contents

29 Silicon Nanowires Light Emitting Devices at Room Temperature . . . . 395Pietro Artoni, A. Irrera, G. Franzò’, B. Fazio, M. Galli,E. Pecora, F. Iacona, and F. Priolo

30 Optical and Structural Properties of Europium OxideThin Films on Silicon Substrates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397Gabriele Bellocchi, G. Franzò, F. Iacona, S. Boninelli,M. Miritello, A. Terrasi, C. Spinella, and F. Priolo

31 Experimental Indication of Quantum Mechanical Effectsin Surface Enhanced IR-Spectroscopy? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399Jorg Bochterle, F. Neubrech, D. Enders, T. Nagao,and A. Pucci

32 Spectral Dependence of the Amplification Factorin Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401Cristiano D’Andrea, B. Fazio, A. Irrera, O.M. Marago’,A.M. Iati’, G. Calogero, P.G. Gucciardi, and Pietro Artoni

33 Investigation of the Metal – Semiconductor HybridNanostructure as an Active Medium for Laser. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403Alaa EL-din Eid Abd EL-Aziz Ragab, A. Gadallah,M.B. Mohamed, and I.M. Azzouz

34 TiO2 for Nonlinear Optical Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405Christopher C. Evans, O. Reshef, J. Bradley, F. Parsy,J. Choy, P. Deotare, E. Martí-Panameño, M. Loncar,and Eric Mazur

35 Atomic Layer Deposition of Lanthanide Oxides:Exemplified by Europium Oxide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407Per-Anders Hansen, T. Finstad, H. Fjellvåg, and O. Nilsen

36 Tip-Enhanced Raman Scattering from Bridged Metal Nanocones . . . 409Mikko J. Huttunen, S. Rao, J.M. Kontio, J. Mäkitalo,M.R. Viljanen, J. Simonen, M. Kauranen, and D. Petrov

37 Femtosecond Laser Nanofabrication of Metal StructuresThrough Multiphoton Photoreduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411Seung Yeon Kang, K. Vora, S. Shukla, and Eric Mazur

38 Nanostructured Thick-Film Spinel Ceramic Materialsfor Sensor Device Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413H. Klym and Ivan Karbovnyk

39 Realization of a Two-Dimensional Isotropic Metamaterial:Fabrication of Metallic Structures Based on StimulatedEmission Depletion (STED) Direct Laser Writing (DLW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415Johannes Kaschke, J. Fischer, and Martin Wegener

Contents xvii

40 Nanoscale Semiconductor Optical Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417Nadezda Kuznetsova, E. Semenova, S. Kadkhodazadeh,and K. Yvind

41 Optical Properties of Thermochromic VO2 Nanoparticles . . . . . . . . . . . . 419Katri Laaksonen, S.-Y. Li, S.R. Puisto, G.A. Niklasson,T. Ala-Nissilä, and R.M. Nieminen

42 Lithium Niobate: The Silicon of Photonics! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421Michele Manzo, F. Laurell, V. Pasiskevicius, and K. Gallo

43 Infrared Induced White Anti-stokes Emissionof LiYbP4O12 Nanocrystals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423Łukasz Marciniak, W. Strek, A. Lukowiak, A. Bednarkiewicz,R. Wiglusz, and D. Hreniak

44 Enhanced Light Emission from Si Nanocrystals Coupledto Plasmonics Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425Enrico Massa, T. Roshuk, S. Maier, D. Kovalev, I. Crowe,M. Halsal, and R. Gwillian

45 A Spintronic Single Photon Source and Spin Manipulationin Spininjection-LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427Andreas Merz

46 Polarizing Beam Splitter: A New Approach Basedon Transformation Optics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429Jonhatan Mueller and Martin Wegener

47 Point Defects Aggregation in Lithium Fluoride CrystalsAfter Irradiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431Alexander P. Voitovich, V.S. Kalinov, A.N. Novikov,and A.P. Stupak

48 Diamond Photonic Crystal Slab with EnhancedPhotoluminescence Extraction Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433Lukas Ondic and I. Pelant

49 Spectral Markers of Erythrocytes on Solid Substrate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435Adkhamjon A. Paiziev and V.A. Krakhmalev

50 Lanthanide Doped Nanocrystalline Alkaline EarthFluorides: Synthesis, Structural, Morphologicaland Spectroscopic Investigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437Marco Pedroni, F. Piccinelli, M. Bettinelli, and A. Speghini

51 Observation of Surface Plasmons in Metal-CoatedTapered Fiber Terminated by a Subwavelength Aperture . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439V. Palm, Mihkel Rähn, and V. Hizhnyakov

xviii Contents

52 Fabrication of Single-Photon Sources by Use of PyramidalQuantum-Dot Microcavities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441Daniel Rülke, C. Reinheimer, D.M. Schaadt, H. Kalt,and M. Hetterich

53 Investigation of GaN- and CuInGaSe2-BasedHeterostructures for Optoelectronic Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443Mikalai V. Rzheutski, E.V. Lutsenko, G.P. Yablonskii,C. Mauder, H. Behmenburg, H. Kalisch, M. Heuken,V. Jmeric, S.V. Ivanov, and V.Y. Shiripov

54 Ebic Investigation of the Recombination at the Edgesof GaAs Solar Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445Andrea Scaccabarozzi and M. Acciarri

55 Dynamical Properties of Cardiomyocytesin Three-Dimensional Polymer Scaffolds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447Andrea Scheiwe, B. Richter, M. Bastmeyer,and Martin Wegener

56 Femtosecond Laser Doped Silicon for Photovoltaic Applications . . . . . 449Meng-Ju Sher, Yu-Ting Lin, M.T. Winkler, B. Franta,and Eric Mazur

57 Laser and Optical Properties of Green-Emitting ZnCdSeQuantum Dot Based Heterostructures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451Aliaksei G. Vainilovich, E.V. Lutsenko, G.P. Yablonskii,I.V. Sedova, S.V. Sorokin, S.V. Gronin, S.V. Ivanov,and P.S. Kop’ev

58 Stokes Parameters Measurements for Whispering GalleryModes Microcavities Characterization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453Francis Vanier, C. La Mela, A. Hayat, and Y.-A. Peter

59 Photonic-Crystal Fiber Synthesizers of Ultrafast Lightwaves . . . . . . . . . 455Alexander A. Voronin, I.V. Fedotov, A.B. Fedotov,and Aleksei M. Zheltikov

60 Single Nanoparticle Surface Enhanced Fluorescence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457Linden R. Webster, K. Suhling, and D. Richards

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475

INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

OF ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY

B. Di Bartolo, Director

Advanced Study Institutes Held at the

“Ettore Majorana” Center in Erice, Sicily, Italy

1974 – Optical Properties of Ions in Solids1975 – The Spectroscopy of the Excited State1977 – Luminescence of Inorganic Solids1979 – Radiationless Processes1981 – Collective Excitations in Solids1983 – Energy Transfer Processes in Condensed Matter1985 – Spectroscopy of Solid-State Laser-Type Materials1987 – Disordered Solids: Structures and Processes1989 – Advances in Nonradiative Processes1991 – Optical Properties of Excited States in Solids1993 – Nonlinear Spectroscopy of Solids: Advances and Applications1995 – Spectroscopy and Dynamics of Collective Excitations in Solids1996 – Workshop on Luminescence Spectroscopy1997 – Ultra-fast Dynamics of Quantum Systems: Physical Processes

and Spectroscopic Techniques1998 – Workshop on Advances in Solid State Luminescence Spectroscopy1999 – Advances in Energy Transfer Processes2000 – Workshop on Advanced Topics in Luminescence Spectroscopy2001 – Spectroscopy of Systems with Spatially Confined Structures2002 – Workshop on the Status and Prospects of Luminescence Research2003 – Frontiers of Optical Spectroscopy2004 – Workshop on Advances in Luminescence Research2005 – New Developments in Optics and Related Fields: Modern

Techniques, Materials and Applications2006 – Workshop on Advances in the Study of Luminescent Materials2007 – Frontier Developments in Optics and Spectroscopy2008 – Workshop on Advances in Luminescence Spectroscopy2009 – Bio-Photonics: Spectroscopy, Imaging, Sensing, and Manipulation2010 – Luminescence of Inorganic Materials and Bioimaging

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