Namiddag - Tackling Maritime GHG emissions – at ...
Transcript of Namiddag - Tackling Maritime GHG emissions – at ...
Stakeholders’ Dialogue 12/03/2018 Transport and climate challenge
Tackling maritime GHG emissions – at international and European level
Benoit AdamPolicy advisor
DG NavigationService Public Fédéral Mobilité et
DG Shipping
Port StateFlag State Coastal State
Direction Safety and environment Benoit Adam
Policy advisor
DG Shipping
What is Maritime transport today ?
Maritime Transport today:Essential to sustain the global economy
South to South
• Factor of development for
developing countries
seaborne trade = engine for
inclusive and sustainable
growth and development.
• Shift toward the South
https://www.shipmap.org/
Maritime Transport today
• Most efficient mode of transport
• Most goods traveling on ships
(90% in tons, over 80 % by volume and 70
% by value)
• 93.000vessels
Bigger& biggervessels
On a growing trend
10y
10y
10y
Unctad 2017
Flags
Unctad 2017
Unctad 2017
Ownership
• Belgium FLEET is the 30th biggest flag- international shipping :
~ 120 ships.
• Economy of the MARITIME CLUSTER = 6,6% of national
employment and 9,5 % of GDP (2010)
• Belgium is a MAJOR DOOR TO EU
4 SEAPORTS (Antwerp, Gent, Zeebrugge, Ostende):
> considered as a whole : in the top 10 of world ports.
• Belgium at the center of EU logistic chain
o Antwerp handles the second largest tonnages of short sea
shipping in EU (in 2011) .
o Good hinterland connections (inland navigation, rail, road
)
BELGIUMImportance of the maritime sector
GHG emissions from shipping
Globally (2007-2012)• 15% of NOx emissions• 13 % of SOx emissions• 2-3% of CO2 emissions
NOx SOx
BC
CFCCH4
Air Emissions
CO2 Eu 28 in 2015• 16% of NOx emissions• 16 % of SOx emissions• 4-7% PM
NOx SOx
BC
CFCCH4
CO2
Impact on climate
Short term vs long term effects :
• Short term: maritime transport has a cooling effect on climate !
• Long term: warming effect.
( )
…
2nd GHG IMO update study
CO2 emissions from shipping
Projections
RegulationsHow to adress the challenge ?
1997: Kyoto Protocol
2015 Paris agreement
2003 : IMO Assembly decision (on policies and practices)
2000 1st IMO GHG study
2005 eif : Kyoto Protocol
1992 : UN framework convention on climate change
2020: end of Doha Protocol 2nd period
1997 IMO adresses GHG
2009 : 2nd IMO GHG study
2014 : 3rd IMO GHG study
2006 : MEPC work plan to identify and develop mechanisms
2009 : MEPC agreement on a package of measures : 3 pilars
2016: ICAO agreement on MBM
OperationalTechnical
Market
A bit of history
2011 : new regulation EEDI for new ships
>>> Common but differentiated responibility
2013: resolution on promotion of technical co-operation
and transfer of technology
2016 : revision of phase 3 + consideration of phase 4
Technical
• phase 1: built between 2015 and 2019 : 10%• phase 2: built between 2020 and 2024 : 15 to 20%, depending on the ship type; • phase 3: built after 2024 : 30% more efficient
EEDI
EEDI : future Projections
2016 mandatory IMO Data Collection System (DCS)
2013 - 3 step approach agreed
2012 - Relaunched (Belgium and likeminded countries)
2015 : EU Regulation Monitoring Reportingand Verification (MRV)
2011 –Ship Energy Efficiency Monitoring Plan – SEEMP for
all ships
> no mandatory EEOI
Operational
2012 > no agreement on MBM : kept in abeyance
2009 – Plan to further consider and develop MBM
2012 : inclusion of aviation in EU ETS
Market
Objectives for the sector
2009
2018 In April : adoption of the initial IMO GHG reductionstrategy at MEPC 72
2016 IMO roadmap to develop a strategy to reduce GHG
2015 Marhsall islands (Tony De Brum) + other Pacific MS asked IMO to define a target
Pacific MS asked for help to EU some MSStart of willing/ fair share/ SHAC coalition
Taboo
2017 State Secretary De Backer leader of the High Ambition Coalition for shipping
Partnership between Belgium and Solomon Islands
Objectives for the sector
Levels of ambition for the strategy
ISSWG 2
ISSWG 3
submissions
Levels of ambition : EU – PacificWell below 2°c and aiming at 1,5°c
Level of ambition expressed as a range to be
consistent with the Paris agreement:
• proportionate to the emission reduction effort of
comparable sector (transport and industry) = well
below 2°c objective.
• Pursuing efforts to attain the 1,5°c objective
Levels of ambition : EU – PacificWell below 2°c and aiming at 1,5°c
Levels of ambition : Sense of urgencyPeak year
average lifespan of ships today
Levels of ambition : EU – PacificWell below 2°c and aiming at 1,5°c
Levels of ambition
The strategy will also be a signal for the whole sector:• For shipping it will require time to mature and adopt
technology, the sooner a reliable signal is provided for that change, the better.
> R&D to develop fuels, technologies, > develop infrastructure> Financing : make the appropriate investments
Next steps …
Next steps …
2018 In April ISSWG3 and adoption of the initial strategy at MEPC 72
Analysis of data from DCS
2023 revised Strategy + adoption of mid and long term measures
Or EU proposal …. (revised ETS directive )
Consideration of measures2020
2018 Revision of EU MRV
Adoption of short term measures
20212022
Thanks for your attention
EU MRV & IMO Data Collection System
IMO Data Collection System
EU MRV
31 August 2017 Monitoring Plan
2018: 1st collection period
Technical Data + Activity Data (fuel consumption +
distance travelled + Cargo carried)
30 April 2019 Verified (independent verifiers) emission report
30 Junes 2019 Publication of data by EC
EMSA platform to exchange information
2019 : First monitoring period:
Technical data + activity data (Fuel consumption +
distance travelled + hours underway)
30 April 2020: verified reports ( Flag State or RO)
Publication of aggregated date by IMO secretariat
31 May 2020: statement of compliance on board
Breaks and accelarators
EU parliament deadline for IMO in 2011
EU parliaent negotiations 2017 new deadline in 2023
ICAO
Paris agreement
UNFCCC
Pacific representation in IMO
Absence of US
No tight link between flag and ship
Cbdr-rc and differentiation in UNFCCC framework
Shipping is the most efficient mode of transport
Vector of development
Globalization = more trade between developping country
Split incentive for investments in energy efficiency technologies