Name That Metal!

copper aluminum zinc iron brass

Metals

Copper • Earliest known discovery: in

9000 BC in the Middle East• Italians used copper lumps as

money in the 6 th-3rd centuries BC

History of Copper

• Copper wire was used as an insulator in the early 1800s

• Historical uses: money, coins, wire, copper tubing in ancient Egypt, thin copper sheets for canvas paintings, coins

Aluminum• Obtained name from Latin for alum, alumen• Earliest traces found around 5300 BC,

however not “discovered” until 1800s by Sir Humphrey Davy

• Historical uses: fabric dyes, cosmetics

History of Aluminum

ZincEarliest traces in 20 BC–

14 AD by the RomansRecognized as a separate

metal in 16 th century US production began in

1850Historical uses: healing

wounds, sore eyes

History of Zinc

Iron• Known and used since pre-

historic times—more than 7,000 years ago

• Hittites in West Asia were among the first to use it

• After the Dark Ages, Mediterranean people used it

• Historical uses: kitchen utensils, jewelry, weapons (knives, arrowheads, spears)

• From 1000 BC to present day,iron is the most-used metal

History of Iron

Brass• Copper-zinc alloys

produced in the early fifth millenium BC in China

• Widely used in east and central Asia by second and third century BC

• Romans discovered how to produce brass

• Historical uses: coins, jewelry, golden helmets, vessels and bowls

History of Brass

MetalDensit

yMelting Point

Ferromagnetic?

copper (Cu) 8.96 g·cm−31084.62 °C1984.32 °F

No

aluminum (Al)

2.70 g·cm−3660.32 °C1220.58 °F

No

zinc (Zn) 7.14 g·cm−3419.53 °C787.15 °F

No

iron (Fe)7.874 g·cm−3

1538 °C2800 °F

Yes

brass 8.73 g·cm−3940 °C1724 °F

No

Basic Properties

Uses

Metal Uses

copper (Cu)

Electrical wiring, pipes, building construction, radiators, brakes, gutters, roofs, electric motors

aluminum (Al)

Packaging (cans, foils, bottle tops), airplanes, cars (wheels, impellers, hoods, mirrors), construction (casting, pipes, skylights, rods, ladders)

zinc (Zn)Batteries, paint, rubber, toothpaste, automotive parts, electrical and hardware industries, window and door frames

iron (Fe)Machinery, buildings, railings, tools (tie-rods, bolts, straps), bridges, kitchen appliances, automobile parts, ship frames

brassZippers, locks, bearings, gears, mirrors, musical instruments, fixtures, art, plumbing, cable connectors and fittings

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Fac t s abou t coppe r : h t t p : / / geo logy. com / usgs / uses - o f - coppe r /

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S L IDE 4 :

(na t i ve coppe r chunk) 2009 Jona t han Zande r, Wi k i m ed i a C om m ons h t t p : / / com m ons .wi k i m ed i a . o rg / w i k i / F i l e : Na t C oppe r. j pg

Top l e f t ( coppe r p i pe f i t t i ngs ) 2007 Tor s t en B ä t ge , Wi k i m ed i a C om m ons h t t p : / / com m ons .wi k i m ed i a . o rg / w i k i / F i l e : Kupfe r f i t t i ngs_4062 . j pg

S L IDE 5 :

Al um i num ( rock ) U .S . Geo l og i ca l S u rvey h t t p : / / com m ons .wi k i m ed i a .o rg / w i k i / F i l e : A l um i num _M et a l . j pg

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Image Sources