NAME HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL WORKING GROUP
description
Transcript of NAME HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL WORKING GROUP
NAMEHYDROMETEOROLOGICALWORKINGGROUP
Motivation and Coordinated Activities
Connecting the Hydrologic Cycle…Exploration of Terrestrial Linkages
Leverage on the body of scientific and human dimensions research currently proposed under NAME to:
Improve hydrometerological and hydroclimatic process knowledge and contribute to dynamic management of water resources in the NAM region.
Hydroclimatic Linkages in NAME
Precipitation
Evaporation
Deep Percolation
Hydroclimatic Linkages in NAMEPrecipitation
Evaporation
Intensity : Frequency : Duration : Areal Coverage : Forcing
Soils : Vegetation Dynamics : Antecedent Moisture : Forcing
Previous Findings…(Dettinger and Diaz, JHM 1(4), 289-310; Gochis et al., 2003, JHM, in press. )
Latitudinal transition to a summer-dominated regime proceeding southward from Mogollon Rim.
Monthly Percent of Mean Annual Flow Volume
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Salt River near Chrysotile, AZ
Verde River, Camp Verde, AZ
Gila River near Clifton, AZ
San Pedro @ Charleston, AZ
Rio Sonoita, Sonora, MX
Rio Mayo, Sonora, MX
Rio Fuerte, Sinaloa, MX
Previous Findings… Climatological peak flows tend to lag peak
precipitation by 1-2 months (Dett.&Diaz, ibid.) Interannual streamflow values are linked to both
ENSO (Magana,1999) and PDO (Brito-Castillo et al., Atmosfera, 2002) but there exists both constructive and destructive tendencies in correlation structure.
Evidence via diagnostics and modeling results of possible feedbacks between soil moisture and snow cover and the strength of the North American Monsoon system (NAMS).
Previous Findings…
Existence of a midsummer drought in parts of Mexico, peripheral to the “core” monsoon region of the SMO.
Smaller scale basin responses dominated by precipitation structure: short-duration (0.5-1.0hr) high-intensity (10-100mm/hr) storms. (Michaud et al. 2001)
But…likely that many catchment-scale studies remain to be translated from Spanish-speaking literature and CNA reports !
Lingering Uncertainties… How are seasonal and shorter term, higher-order
precipitation characteristics related to streamflow? Given the uncertainty in precipitation observations,
what confidence is there in existing estimations of runoff fractions? What fraction is recycled to the atmosphere?
What influences do the meso-climates, terrain and vegetation of the SMO, the Mexican plateau and the coastal regions have on hydrological cycling/partitioning?
Meso-climate aspects of the NAMPrecipitation
Evaporation
Intensity : Frequency : Duration : Areal Coverage : Forcing
Soils : Vegetation Dynamics : Antecedent Moisture : Forcing
Meso-climate aspects of the NAM
Lingering Uncertainties… How are seasonal and longer term, higher-order precipitation
characteristics related to streamflow? Given the uncertainty in precipitation observations, what
confidence is there in existing estimations of runoff fractions? What fraction is recycled to the atmosphere?
What influences do the meso-climates, terrain and vegetation of the SMO, the Mexican plateau and the coastal regions have on hydrological cycling/partitioning?
To what extent do soil moisture and snow anomalies affect the evolution of the North American Monsoon, and can such relationships (if any) be demonstrated using long-term derived soil moisture and snow data sets?
Broad Goals of the NHWG: Build relationships to Mexican and U.S. water resource
managers and the NAME atmospheric research community for determination of critical information requirements necessary for dynamic water resources management.
Inventory and document availability and quality of hydrographic and physiographic data over the NAM region.
Identify critical processes and scales, which govern the generation of runoff, its movement over catchments, streamflow and moisture recycling to the atmosphere.
Improve existing frameworks for hydrologic simulation, ultimately resulting in measured increases in predictability.
Avenues for Opportunity….
Rainfall-Runoff ProcessStudies
Mexican Investigators+
International NAME Research Comm.
Improved Process Understanding and Improved Hydrologic Predictability
Land SurfaceForcing/Feedback
Studies
Building NHWG Linkages…
NHWG
International NAME Research Comm.
• intra-seasonal variability (MJO)• remote forcing (SST)
• extreme event likelihood (T.S.’s)
Mexican Investigators
• water user/manager informatics• local practices/policies
• data retrieval and sharing• technology transfer
Hydrographic Data Archive
NAME NETWORK MEXICAN NETWORK
Unified, Quality Controlled DatasetStandardized Data Formats
w/ Metadata
Data Synthesis for Hydrological Modeling
GIS FIELDSINITIALIZATION & FORCING DATA
Unified, Quality Controlled DatasetStandardized Data Formats
w/ Metadata
RadiationTemperature
WindPrecipitationSoil Moisture
Endgame: Improve Existing Frameworks in Simulation…
…Resulting in Increased Predictability
NHWG
Increased Process Knowledge
Standardized Data Archive for Simulation,
Calibration and Verification
Knowledge of Large-Scale Hydroclimatic
Controls
Increased Awarenessof Water User/ManagerNeeds and Constraints