Name: Global Review #14

1. Which religious belief is shared by the followers of Shinto in Japan and of animism in Africa?

1) Only one universal, all-powerful God exists. 2) Social status in a subsequent life depends on behavior

in this life. 3) Spirits are found in all natural things. 4) Waging holy wars is an appropriate way to spread

religious beliefs.

2. Base your answer to the following question on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.

"From as early as I can remember, the Emperor was an important presence even in our remote home. He was a descendant of the gods from thousands of years before, never to be looked at or listened to by mere mortals, a presence to be revered and protected and obeyed ... Finally..., my family and neighbors gathered around the radio and listened in stunned silence to the voice that had never before been heard, saying he was only human after all. Everyone was crying. I was sad and confused. "

The attitudes toward the Emperor expressed in this passage were based in the traditions of

1) Shintoism

3) Islam

2) Christianity

4) Judaism

3. Base your answer to the following question on the statements below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Speaker A: We must return to the ideas of the Bible. We should encourage people to read and interpret religious scripture for themselves.

Speaker B: Our people worship many gods, who control the peoples' activities, such as birth, death, and commerce.

Speaker C: Our people received the Ten Commandments at Mount Sinai. We are few in number, but we will bring these commandments to all people.

Speaker D: We trace our religion's birth to the flight of our greatest prophet from Mecca to Medina.

Which speaker is expressing an idea from a polytheistic religion?

1) A 3) C

2) B 4) D

4. The Upanishads, the Ramayan, and the Bhagavad Gita are considered to be significant pieces of Indian literature because they

1) provide guidelines for Hindu living and behavior 2) identify basic Buddhist principles 3) show the constant class struggle in Indian life 4) reflect the similarities between the Hindu and Muslim

religions

5. In India, which aspect of society has been most heavily influenced by religious beliefs, tradition, and the division of labor?

1) caste system 2) policy of neutrality 3) urbanization 4) parliamentary government

6. In addition to providing water for Indian agriculture, the Ganges River remains important to India because it is

1) the only source of Indian hydroelectric power 2) a sacred river for the Hindu population 3) the birthplace of Hindu civilization 4) an unofficial boundary between the Hindus and

Muslims

7. "Your words are wise, Arjuna, but your sorrow is for nothing. The truly wise mourn neither for the living nor for the dead. There never was a time when I did not exist, nor you, nor any of these kings. Nor is there any future in which we shall cease to be ...."

This passage best reflects a belief in

1) ancestor worship 3) reincarnation 2) the Eightfold Path 4) nirvana

8. In India, the people have resisted changing their attitudes toward the caste system because

1) national Muslim leaders have supported the caste system

2) the government is unwilling to end the caste system 3) continued religious conflict prevents changes in the

caste system 4) the Hindu beliefs of karma and dharma reinforce the

caste system

9. Which statement about the caste system in present-day India is most accurate?

1) Most villages are still inhabited by only one specific caste.

2) Although discrimination based on caste is illegal, caste remains an important factor in Indian society.

3) The caste system is much stronger in India's urban areas than it is in rural areas.

4) The caste system remains an important part of the Muslim religion.

10. The Eightfold Path, the Four Noble Truths, and the concept of nirvana are associated with the religion of

1) Islarn

3) Shinto

2) Jainism

4) Buddhism

11. The philosophy of Confucius stresses the importance of

1) respect for authority 3) a classless society 2) religious beliefs 4) owning land

18. Base your answer to the following question on the statements below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Speaker A: Nationalism, democracy, and socialism are the goals of my party.

Speaker B: We must rid our country of all foreign influences and return to the true principles of communism.

Speaker C: A good ruler will rule by example, not by decree.

Speaker D: The laws of nature, not government, should rule society.

The speaker's statement that best reflects an ideal of Confucianism is

1) A 3) C

2) B 4) D

19. According to Confucius, which factor linked the three groups represented by the chain shown in the illustration below?

Chain of Humanity

1) the need for education 3) the Four Noble Truths

2) legalistic principles 4) filial piety

12. Base your answer to the following question on the speakers' statements below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Speaker A: "The eightfold noble path and four noble truths as expressed by Siddhartha Gautama are the foundations of our faith."

Speaker B: "There is one God and his name is Allah and his truth has been revealed to us through his prophet Mohammed."

Speaker C: "The Ten Commandments and the teachings of the Gospels guide us in our quest for a fulfilling spiritual life."

Speaker D: "To achieve union with atman, we must pass through many births and acquire good karma by being obedient to moral laws and societal regulations."

Which speaker is most likely a Buddhist?

1) A

3) C 2) B

4) D

13. Which values are most closely associated with the fundamental principles of Buddhism?

1) competition and financial success 2) maintaining the caste system and providing education

for all people 3) practicing nonviolence and giving up worldly desires 4) self-determination and democracy e 14. According to Buddhist principles, believers can end personal suffering by

1) doing good deeds 2) eliminating selfish desires 3) making pilgrimages to Mecca 4) relying on divine help

15. Confucianism in traditional China served to

1) maintain social order 2) create ethnic unrest 3) emphasize material wealth 4) support democratic government

16. Confucianism emphasizes the idea that

1) government should own the means of production 2) economic success is more desirable than knowledge

and learning 3) each person has an important responsibility to family

and society 4) an individual's personal goals are more important than

the goals of the group

17. In ancient China, one effect on government of the teachings of Confucius was the high status of

1) soldiers

3) farmers

2) merchants

4) scholars

20. One way in which Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholicism, and Protestantism are similar is that each

1) accepts the supreme authority of the Pope 2) rejects the Old Testament as part of the Bible 3) is a branch of Christianity 4) was once the official religion of the Byzantine Empire

21. Jewish religious and cultural identity has been greatly influenced by

1) Ramadan and the concept of reincarnation 2) the Torah and the Diaspora 3) the New Testament and the Four Noble Truths 4) the Koran and the code of bushido

22.

Free your mind of evil.

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Practice meditation.

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Control your\ thoughts.

Say nothing to hurt others. (( Weachings

of \SiddhaOlia I

thes. Work for th

re

good of o.)

Respect life. ■ (

Know the truth.

28. • "Most Gracious, Most Merciful;" • "Master of the Day of Judgment." • "Thee do we worship, And Thine aid we seek."

Source: 'Abdullah Yusuf-Ali, trans., The Meaning of the Holy Qur'an, Amana Publications (excerpted)

This translated quotation from the Qur'an [Koran] refers to

1) Buddha

2) Shiva

3) Allah

4) Muhammad

29. Base your answer to the following question on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies

. . . The actual journey to Mecca [Makkah] began on the fifth of Dhu al-kJ:fah, 1393 (the 29th of December, 1973, according to the Gregorian calendar), at Beirut International Airport, but it was not until the afternoon of the seventh that I donned [put on] the Ihram [robe] and drove along on the road from Jiddah to Mecca. The road was crowded with cars, buses and trucks all packed with pilgrims chanting the Hajj refrain, the Talbiyah: . . . —Michael E. Jansen, An American Girl on the Hajj

This passage describes the experience of a follower of

1) Christianity

2) Islam

3) Hinduism

4) Judaism

The Eightfold Path

Source: The Human Experience, Glencoe

The diagram illustrates the key concepts of which religion? 1) Islam 2) Christianity 3) Hinduism 4) Buddhism

23. Judaism, Islam, and Christianity share a belief in

1) papal supremacy 2) teachings of the Koran (Quran) 3) reincarnation and the Four Noble Truths 4) an ethical code of conduct and monotheism

24. One similarity between the Five Pillars of Islam and the Ten Commandments is that both

1) support a belief in reincarnation 2) promote learning as a means to salvation 3) encourage the use of statues to symbolize God 4) provide a guide to proper ethical and moral behavior

25. The Koran, jihad, and the hegira are most closely associated with the practice of

1) Islam 3) Shinto

2) Judaism 4) Buddhism

26. Which activity is an example of an Islamic practice?

1) a bishop conducting a Mass in a church 2) a muezzin calling the faithful to prayer five times a day 3) a rabbi reading from the Torah 4) a monk meditating and praying in a temple

27. The Hejira, Mohammed's journey from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, is important to Muslims because the journey

1) resulted in Mohammed's early death 2) ended Mohammed's attempts to spread Islam

throughout Arabia 3) established Byzantine rule throughout the region 4) signified the establishment of the Islamic faith

30. According to the teachings of Confucius, the key to the successful organization of society is that

1) the ruler should be chosen democratically 2) the evil in humans must be eliminated 3) ancestor worship should be discontinued 4) individuals should know and do what is expected of

them