NAME__________________________ PER__________

ECOLOGY HW PACKET POINTS SCORES

Packet questions #1-32 6

Packet questions #33-38 3

Packet questions #39-51 4

Packet questions #52-58 3

Microscope worksheet 3

Ecology Interactions Activity 6

Test Review 10

Notebook Points 20

TOTAL 55

Inconvenient Truth Video Notes Extra Credit 3

Ecological Footprint Reflection-Extra Credit 4

NOT INCLUDED IN PACKET Due Date

Activity: Predator Prey

Lab: Yeast and Limiting Factors

Activity: Ecology Interactions

Project: Ecology Portfolio

Exam: Ecology

Stability in an ecosystem is a balance between competing

effects

Ecosystems Structure: Key Concept: Ecology is the study of relationships among organisms and their environment. Levels of organization

1. Label this diagram with the correct level

2. Fill in the table below Level Description Example

Organism

Population

Community

Ecosystem

Biome

Main Idea: An ecosystem includes both biotic and Abiotic factors. Use the box below to complete the following sentences.

Abiotic Animals Biotic Living Moisture Nonliving Plants Temperature Wind

3. All ecosystems are made up of _____ and ______components

4. __________factors are living things, such as ______________ or ____________

5. _________ factors are nonliving things such as, __________, ___________, or ___________

6. What is the difference between a biotic and an Abiotic factor?

7. List two (2) Abiotic factors ____________________________________________

8. List two (2) Biotic factors______________________________________________

9. Label the biotic and Abiotic parts of the ecosystem in the picture below

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Key Concept: Life in an ecosystem requires a source of energy. Main Idea: Producers provide energy for other organisms in ecosystems

Complete the following sentence with the correct term

Autotrophs eating nonliving Consumers heterotrophs producers

10. ___________ are organisms that get their energy from the _________________ resources, meaning they make their own food. These organisms are also called ______________.

11. __________are organisms that get their energy by ______________ other organism. These organisms are also called______________.

12. Why do all ecosystems depend on the producers? 13. Why is the sun important to both producers and consumers? 14. What is the difference between and consumer and a producer?

Key Concept: Food chains and food webs model the flow of energy in an ecosystem

Main Idea: a food chain is a model that show the sequence of feeding relationships Complete the following sentence with the correct term

Carnivore Herbivore Secondary Consumer Decomposer Omnivore Tertiary Consumer Detritivore Primary Consumer Trophic Levels

15. I eat only plants. I am a(n) _____________________. 16. I eat only other animals. I am a(n) _____________________. 17. I eat both plants and animals. . I am a(n) _____________________. 18. I eat dead organic matter. . I am a(n) _____________________. 19. I break down organisms matter into simpler compounds. . I am a(n) _____________________. 20. I am the first consumer, above the producer level. . I am a(n) _____________________. 21. I am a carnivore that eats herbivores. . I am a(n) _____________________. 22. I am a carnivore that eats other carnivores. . I am a(n) _____________________. 23. The levels of nourishment in the food chain are called______________________. Main Idea: Food webs shows complex feeding relationships 24. How is a food web different from a food chain? 25. What happens to the energy at each link in the web? 26. What type of organism is the base of the food web?

A Food Web Shows:

Types of Consumers:

1. ________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________________ 3. ________________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________________

Trophic Levels Producer

__________________

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Key Concept: Pyramids model the distribution of energy and matter in an ecosystem

Main idea: Energy pyramids show the distribution of energy among trophic levels.

Complete the following sentence with the correct term

Heat Biomass Waste 27. The measure of the total dry mass of organism in a given area is called _______________. 28. When a consumer incorporates the biomass of a producer into it’s biomass, a large amount of energy is

lost as _______________ and ______________________. 29. Label the four tiers of the energy pyramid with the correct trophic levels.

a. Assume you have 50 hawks, how many of each of the following would you have? (Grass, Mice, Snakes)

b. Label the pyramid with the numbers and species

__________________

Primary Consumers __________________ __________________ __________________

Secondary Consumers __________________ __________________ _________________

Tertiary Consumer __________________

Main Idea: Other pyramid models illustrate an ecosystem’s biomass and distribution of organisms. 30. Fill in the table below

Model Description

Energy Pyramid

Biomass Pyramid

Pyramid of numbers

31. What is biomass? 32. Describe how the energy flows from one level to the next? ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION Key Concept: Ecological succession is a process of change in the species that make up a community

Main Idea: Succession occurs following a disturbance in an ecosystem. 33. What is ecological succession?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

34. Fill in the chart below with a description and simple sketch of the main steps of primary succession.

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

35. Fill in the chart below with a description and simple sketch of the main steps of secondary succession.

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

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36. What is the main difference between primary and secondary succession? _____________________________________________________________________________________

37. What are pioneer species? _____________________________________________________________________________________ a) Why are pioneer species so important in primary sucession?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

b) Give an example of a pioneer species _____________________________________________ 38. Why might succession be considered a never-ending process?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Population Growth Patterns Key Concept: Populations grow in predictable patterns Main Idea: changes in population size are determined by birth, death, immigration and emigration.

Complete the following sentence with the correct term

Birth Death Immigration Emigration

39. When resources are abundant in an area, individuals may move into the population in that area. This movement of individuals into a population from a different population is called ______________.

40. A very cold winter has left many deer in a population hungry and sick. By the end of the winter, these populations will likely decrease because of _________________.

41. A deer population experiences growth when the rate of reproduction increases. This change in population size is due to _________________________.

42. As humans move into a territory, many members of the deer population move away and join other herds; this movement of individuals out of a population into a new one is called _________________.

43. How does the availability of resources affect population growth? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

44. In the spaces below, draw and label the two different types of population curves. Write a brief description of each next to the graph and give an example.

Description: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example: ___________________

Description: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Example: ________________

45. What type of growth curve shows a carrying capacity? 46. What type of population growth us a risk for a population crash?

a) Explain why. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ b) Give an example _______________________________________

47. Detail the key differences between logistic and exponential growth.

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Main Idea: Ecological factors limit population growth 48. Define density dependent limiting factor

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 49. List three examples of density-dependent limiting factors

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 50. Define density- independent limiting factor

_____________________________________________________________________________________ 51. List three examples of density-independent limiting factors

_____________________________________________________________________________________ HUMAN POPULATION GROWTH AND NATURAL RESOUSES

Key concept: as human population growth, the demands on earth’s resources increase

Main idea: Earths population continues to grow.

52. What is the population of the earth now? 53. Name and give examples of two technologies that have influenced human population growth since 1700. Main Idea: The growing human population exerts pressure on the earth’s natural resources. 54. Determine whether the following resources are renewable or non-renewable. Explain your answer

a) Oil ________________________________________________________________________

b) Sun _______________________________________________________________________

c) Trees ______________________________________________________________________

d) Water ______________________________________________________________________

e) Wind _______________________________________________________________________

f) Corn _______________________________________________________________________

g) Beef _______________________________________________________________________

h) Coal _______________________________________________________________________

Main Idea: Effective management of earth’s resources will help meet the needs of the future. 55. What is an ecological footprint? 56. List four factors that determine your ecological footprint. 57. What is the difference between a renewable and non-renewable resource?

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Nutrient Cycling Key Concept: Nutrients cycle within ecosystems Main Idea: matter cycles 58. Use your PPT notes and textbook to help you fill in this chart

Cycle Description/Key Steps Drawing/Sketch

Carbon Cycle

Water Cycle

Nitrogen Cycle

Phosphorus Cycle

Identifying Parts of a Microscope Goal: Identify parts of the microscope their function Background: One of the most important tools that a scientists uses is a microscope. The microscope makes objects appear larger, enabling us to maximize our sense of sight and therefore observation. The microscopes we use in class are a Compound Light microscope, which has two lenses and a light source. Task: Familiarize yourself with the labeled parts of the microscope TIPS: Find objects on 4x, focus on 10x or 40x, by turning the

adjustment knobs slowly away from you. If you can’t see the object try adjusting the diaphragm Questions: 1. What parts make up the lens system? _____________ 2. How many lenses does this microscope have? ______________________ The lens and the nosepiece are the objective lenses, each objective is labeled with it’s magnification. The lens marked 4x will make the object 4 times it’s original size. 3. What are the magnifications of the objective lenses of your microscope? ________________ The ocular lens further magnifies the objective. You multiple the ocular lens times the objective lens to get the total magnification. 4. If you have an ocular lens with a 10x objective and an objective lens with 10x, what is the total

magnification? _________________________ 5. What is the highest magnification available on your microscope?

________________________________________________ The second system of the microscope is the stage. The stage is the place where you put the object your are viewing. In the center of the stage there is an opening that lets light pace though. The stage clips hold the slide in place

6. What are the two parts of the stage system? The third system is the lighting system. Light must pass through a specimen to see it. The light system is located under the stage. The diaphragm alters the amount of light that passes through. 7. What type of lighting system does your microscope use? 8. What happens if you rotate the diagram to clockwise? The fourth system of the microscope is the focusing system. In order to see a specimen clearly, you must change the distance between the slide and the objective lens. The focus is adjusted by the two knobs on the arm. 9. Look into the eyepiece, what happens when you turn the larger, course adjustment knob? 10. What happens when you turn the smaller, fine adjustment knob?

Test yourself:

Need some Practice? Go to

http://www.biologycorner.com/microquiz/index.html

Part Name: Part is used for:

Ocular lens (Eye Piece)

Revolving nosepiece

Objectives lens

Arm

Stage

Stage Clips

Diaphragm

Course Adjustment Knob

Fine Adjustment Knob

Light Source

Base

NAME__________________________________ Period ________________

TEST REVIEW: ECOLOGY STANDARD 6 (CHAPTERS 13-16)

1. What are the 7 characteristics of something that is alive? a) _____________________________________ b) _____________________________________ c) _____________________________________ d) _____________________________________ e) _____________________________________ f) _____________________________________ g) _____________________________________

2. Draw a flow chart of the different parts of the ecosystems from smallest to largest. (5 parts)

3. What are a collection of different ecosystems called? ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. List three land biomes _________________________________________________________________________________ 5. List three water biomes _________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What is the difference between an abiotic and biotic factor? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

a) List an example of each i) Abiotic___________________ ii) Biotic____________________

7. What two things generally define a biome? _____________________________________________________________ 8. What is a Trophic level? _________________________________________________________________________________ 9. List the different Trophic levels by name.

a) _________________ b) _________________ c) _________________ d) _________________

10. What is the difference between an Autotroph and a Heterotroph? ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 11. What are the other names we call Autotroph and Heterotrophs? ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

12. What is biomass? ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 13. Explain the rule of ten, using a biomass pyramid to help me understand.

14. What is a food web? ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ a) DRAW A FOOD WEB

b) Why do we use a web instead of a chain? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15. What is biological magnification? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 16. Why do we need to limit the amounts of certain fish that we eat? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 17. Explain what DDT is and why it is bad for the environment. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 18. What are the different types of “Community Interactions”?

a) _________________ b) _________________ c) _________________ d) _________________

19. What does symbiosis mean? ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

a) What are the different types? i) _________________ ii) _________________ iii) _________________

b) Give an example of each (3).

i) _____________________________________ ii) _____________________________________ iii) _____________________________________

20. What is ecological succession? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 21. What are the normal steps of plants replacing each other? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 22. What are the different types of Ecological Succession?

a) _____________________ b) _____________________

23. Give an example of each (2). a) _____________________________________________ b) _____________________________________________ c)

24. What is the difference between a pioneer and climax species? ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 25. What are the different types of population growth?

a) _____________________ b) _____________________ c) What do the different curves that represent them look like?

26. What general factors effect population growth?

a) _____________________ b) _____________________ c) _____________________ d) _____________________

27. What are the two different types of limiting factors?

a) _____________________ b) _____________________

28. Give an example of each(2)

a) _____________________________________________ b) _____________________________________________

29. What is carrying capacity? _______________________________________________________________________________________

30. Why can't we exceed carrying capacity? ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________

31. Draw the carbon cycle using animals from your biome project.

32. What processes add Carbon Dioxide to the environment? a) _____________________________________ b) _____________________________________ c) _____________________________________

33. What process removes Carbon Dioxide? _________________________________________

34. What is global warming? _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________

a) What can we do to stop it? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

35. What is an invasive species? ______________________________________________________________________________________ a) Example _________________________ b) Why are they dangerous to the environment?

___________________________________________________________________________________

36. Summarize what happened in the Aleutian Islands off Alaska. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

a) Draw a flow chart of the normal feeding patterns.

b) Why was the problem worsened, when the number of sea urchins increased? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 37. What purpose did clam lagoon serve in this ecological mystery? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________