NAM (Non Alignment Movement)
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Transcript of NAM (Non Alignment Movement)
NON ALIGNMENT MOVEMENT
50 Years of Non Alignment Movement
INTRODUCTIONBY
HABIBA ISLAM
WHAT IS NON ALIGN MOVEMENT?
• NON.ALIGNED MOVEMENT IS ANINTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION OFSTATES CONSIDERING THEMSELVES NOTALIGNED FORMALLY WITH OR AGAINST ANYMAJOR POWER BLOC.
PURPOSE OF NON ALIGNED MOVEMENTSTATED IN HAVANA DECLARATION
OF 1979
National independence
Sovereignty,
security
Territorial integrity
NAM RAISE STRUGGLE AGAINST
IMPERIALISM
COLONIALISM
RACISM ,HEGEMONY
AGGRESSION
NEO-COLONIALISM
TWO MAIN BODIES OF NON ALIGHN MOVEMENT
• MEMBER STATE OBSERVER STATE
FORMATION OF NAM
The organization was founded in Belgrade in 1961, and was largely conceived
THE MAIN 6 LEADERS ARE
Main leaders are
Indian p.m. Jawaharlal
Nehru
Burma p.m.
Uno
Indonesian p.m.
sukarno
UZBEKISTAN
PREEM
titoYugoslaviapresident
Joseph Broz
Egypt president
Jamal Abdul Nasser
ORIGINS OF NAM
Not a formal organization
• KrishV.k meson used word non alignment in 1953 in U.N
• Nehru describe the five pillars of indo-chinesetalk in srilanka
Philosophical organization
• Non-alignment is a philosophy for the conduct of international relations that was introduced into the diplomatic and scholarly vocabulary in 1961 with the founding of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM).
• COLD WAR
• RUSSIA U.S.A
CONTEXT OF NAM
OBJECTIVES OF NAM
RECOGNITION OF THE EQUALITY OF ALL RACES OF RELIGION
PROMOTION OF DIALOGUE AMONG PEOPLE & CIVILIZATION
ON INTERFERENCE OF INTER GOVT AFFAIRS AND REJECTION OF UN CTUITONSTIIONAL CHANGE OF GONVERNMENTS
INTERNATIONAL CO- OPERATION IN THE PEACEFULL PROMOTE USES
OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
• TO ENHANCE THE RULE OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND NGOs REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ROLE
• TO RESPOND THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION
ONE OBJECTIVE ATTAINMENT OF NAM
SCENARIO OF NAM
IT IS NOT A DOCTRINE
OR DOGMA IT IS THE
PROCESS
DOES NOT MEAN NEUTRALITY
PURSUE INDEPENDENT F.P
-AFRO-ASIAN DECLARATION
ROLE OF NAM IN CURRENT SCENARIO
1. Especially as the bipolar struggle that aligned the world into blocs, is now over.
2. The NAM can also act as a guide and overseer of the condition of Human Rights like Syria, Egypt or even India
3. NAM most importantly is a great way to ensure that issues like Palestine and crises in Somalia Sudan
BACKGROUNG CONTEXT OF NAM
ROLE OF PAKISTAN IN
NAM
RECENT VOICE OF NAM IS
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE/MEMBERS/POLICIES
BY SAFINA SHAHID
NAM SUMMITS AT A GLANCE
• First Conference - Belgrade,
September 1-6,1961
• Second Conference - Cairo, October 5-10,
1964
• Third Conference - Lusaka, September 8-10,
1970
NAM STRUCTURE A multilateral trans-national
organization made up of states.
A rational administrative structure to implement its policies that all could accept.
COORDINATION OF NAM
Coordinating bureau
Working group
Task force
Joint Coordination Committee
Coordination Troika
Of NAM
countries
C
Joint Coordinating CommitteeIn order to promote coordination and cooperation between the NAM and the Group of 77 in promoting the interests of developing countries in international fora, a Joint Coordinating Committee of the two groups was established in 1994, which meets regularly in New York.
STRUCTURE BASED ON
PANEL OF ECONOMIST
DOCUMENTATIONDECISION MAKING
BY CONSENSUS
MEMBER STATE AND OTHER PARTICIPATE OF
NAM
MEMBER STATES 120 OBSERVER STATES
18
REQUIREMENTS FOR MEMBERSHIP OF THE NAM
1. Respect for fundamental human rights and for the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations.
2. Respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all nations.
3. Recognition of the movements for national independence.
4. Recognition of the equality of all races and of the equality of all nations, large and small.
5. Abstention from intervention or interference in the internal affairs of another country.
6. Respect for the right of each nation to defend itself singly or collectively, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations.
7. Refraining from acts or threats of aggression or the use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any country.
8. Settlement of all international disputes by peaceful means, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations.
9. Promotion of mutual interests and co-operation.
GUEST ORGANIZATIONS
GUEST STATES
OBSERVER ORGANIZATION
OBSERVER STATES
CURRENT NAM WORKING GROUPS
CONTACT
GROUP
TASK GROUP
WORKING GROUP
CURRENT NAM WORKING GROUPS, CONTACT GROUPS, TASK FORCES AND COMMITTEES:• NAM High-Level Working Group for the Restructuring of the United
Nations (Chaired by Chairman of NAM).
• NAM Working Group for the Restructuring of the Security Council (Chaired by Egypt).
• NAM Drafting Group on Post Conflict Peace-Building (Coordinator : Egypt).
• NAM Drafting Group on Coordination (Coordinator : Colombia).
• NAM Working Group on Human Rights (Chaired by Malaysia).
• NAM Working Group on Peace-Keeping Operations (Chaired by Thailand).
• Ministerial Committee on Methodology (Chaired by Chairman of NAM).
• NAM Working Group of the Coordinating Bureau on Methodology (Chaired by Colombia).
• Committee of Palestine (Chaired by Chairman of NAM).
• Contact Group on Cyprus (Chaired by Algeria).
• Task Force on Somalia (Chaired by Chairman of NAM).
• Task Force on Bosnia and Herzegovina.
• Non-Aligned Security Council Caucus.
POLICIES OF NAMNAM also sponsored campaigns for restructuring commercial relations between developed and developing nations.
• Many of the members of the Non-Aligned Movement are also members of the United Nations. Both organizations have a stated policy of peaceful cooperation.
The Non-Aligned Movement has played a major role in various ideological conflicts throughout its existence
• The Non-Aligned Movement has become a voice of support for issues facing developing nations and it still contains ideals that are legitimate within this context.
PRESEDENCY OF NAM
NAM'schairman changes everythree years. Iran is thecurrent President of theNon-Aligned Movementand hosted the 16th NAMsummit between 26 and31 August 2012, afterwhich the presidency washanded to Ahmadinejad
on 1 September
Presented by Anum Nadeem
WHAT IS COLD WAR
Jawaharlal Nehru emerged as leader of NAM. Who were called the first, second and third
world countries?
•Arms Race•Defense Systems•Space Race•Espionage
Capitalism (USA) Communism (USSR)Limited government Strong central state
Multi party politics One party government
Individual rights A command economy
Free enterprise economy Closed society
Open society
Long Term Causes Conflict During the War Time Different Peace Aims
•Gorbachev’s new political thinking•Gorbachev’s actions and the consequences of his new political thinking
•Bandung Conference•Belgrade Conference
End of Colonialism
Neo Colonialism and Imperialism
ISSUES WITH MEMBER STATES
Stressed the importance of
UnityCooperation
CURRENT ACTIVITIES & POSITIONSSidra Jabeen Khan
CRITICISM OF US POLICY
• NAM summit as evidence
• Decision by UN
• Major super powers: USA
• Changes in the Middle East
• US Foreign Policy
SELF-DETERMINATION OF PUERTO-RICO & WESTERN
SAHARA• USA Criticism
• Case of Puerto-Rico’s self determination
• Case of Western Sahara’s self determination
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
• Foster Cooperation
• Tenets of Sustainable Development
REFORMS OF THE UN
• NAM members
• Outspoken in its criticism of current UN Structures
SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION
• Group of 77
CULTURAL DIVERSITY & HUMAN RIGHTS
• Guide & Overseer of the condition of HR
• Standardize the yard stick
• Universality of HR and social justice
• Fiercely resists cultural homogenization
• tolerance
WORKING GROUPS, TASK FORCES & COMMITTEES
• Committee on Palestine
• High-Level Working Group for the Restructuring of the United Nations
• Joint Coordinating Committee (chaired by Chairman of G-77 and Chairman of NAM)
• Non-Aligned Security Caucus
• Standing Ministerial Committee for Economic Cooperation
• Task Force on Somalia
• Working Group on Disarmament
• Working Group on Human Rights
• Working Group on Peace-Keeping Operations
PAKISTAN & NAM
• Pakistan was instrumental in evolving NAM consensus positions on the following important issues:
PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES
• Kashmir Issue
• Conflict resolution
• Peaceful state
NUCLEAR ISSUE
• Supported nuclear disarmament
• Opposed unilateral, coercive or discriminatory measures
• Solution can’t be promoted in an atmosphere of coercion & Pressure (PAK’s)
SELF-DETERMINATION
• Consistently reiterated the continued validity of fundamental rights
• Condemn ongoing brutal repression of legitimate aspirations for Self defense
TERRORISM
• Stressed to combat terrorism
• Without any difference in race, religion or nationality
EXPANSION OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL
• Must be adopted by two third majority
• No imposed time limit
ECONOMIC ISSUES
• Paid attention
• Long standing position
• Urgent convening by UN
REDEFINING NAM’S ROLE
• Effective role in all international For a particularly in UN
• Safeguards and preserves the principal positions
CONCLUSION• Largest politically-oriented body
• Summit sessions
• Emphasis on the principle of cooperation
• Encourages disarmament
• Emphasis on the need for structural changes in UN
• Implementation of multilateral policies
• Niche as an alternative voice
• Anti-colonial & anti-racial
• Grown increasingly wider
• Individual national interests
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