NABOS: observational program in NABOS: observational program in the high Arcticthe high Arctic

Vladimir IvanovVladimir Ivanov

IARC UAF, Fairbanks, Alaska, USAAARI, St. Petersburg, Russia

Summer school onboard R/V “Akademik Fedorov”, August – September, 2013

What is NABOS?What is NABOS?

NABOSNABOS (Nansen and Amundsen Basins Observational (Nansen and Amundsen Basins Observational

System) is a large-scale long-term project launched in System) is a large-scale long-term project launched in

2002 in conjunction with 2002 in conjunction with CABOSCABOS (Canadian Basin (Canadian Basin

Observational System)Observational System)

This project was initiated by the International Arctic

Research Center (IARC) University of Alaska and

AARI (Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute,

St.Petersburg, Russia) with wide participation of the US

and overseas scientists

NNansen and ansen and AAmundsenmundsenBBasin asin OObservational bservational SSystemystem

Overall goal: Overall goal: To get continuous time series of water properties in key locations along the Atlantic Water pathways in the Arctic Ocean.

Approach:Approach: To use autonomous anchored moorings, operating for one year at a time, with replacement every year. To supplement mooring records with CTD casts along the mooring lines.

Originators: Originators: International Arctic ResearchCentre, Fairbanks, Alaska, USAUSA

Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, St.Petersburg, RussiaRussia

VVEESSSSEELL

IcebreakerIcebreakerKapitan DranitsynKapitan Dranitsyn

International collaboration: International collaboration:

NABOS conceptual NABOS conceptual scheme 2002-2009scheme 2002-2009

Opportunity to carry out field studies in the hard-to-access regions of the World Ocean;Obtain new unique data on Arctic environment;Check new instruments and methods;Collect new data shedding light on global climate variability.

GOALGOAL

Provide a quantitative, observationally based Provide a quantitative, observationally based

assessment of circulation, water mass assessment of circulation, water mass

transformations, and their temporal transformations, and their temporal

variability along the principal pathways variability along the principal pathways

transporting water from the Nordic Seas into transporting water from the Nordic Seas into

the central Arctic Basinthe central Arctic Basin

To get continuous time series of water properties in specific To get continuous time series of water properties in specific locations along the Eurasian continental slope. To use locations along the Eurasian continental slope. To use autonomous anchored mooringsautonomous anchored moorings, operating for one year at a , operating for one year at a time, with replacement every year. To supplement mooring time, with replacement every year. To supplement mooring records with records with CTD castsCTD casts

APPROACHAPPROACH

Initial plan2001200220032004200520062007

(A) Moorings

(B) CTD Transects through the moorings (C) Additional CTD sections (proposed by partners)

Program components

Icebreaker “Kapitan Dranitsyn”

Lebus winch Capstan

Ship

EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENTI. Continuous I. Continuous measurementsmeasurements

II. Measurements at II. Measurements at discrete depthsdiscrete depths

Cruise track: October 1-30, 2008

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

7-8 10-12 13-16 18-19 21-23 26-28data, October

hou

r

Dusk

Sun lighthmax=5.70

hmax=2.90

hmax=1.20hmax=2.90

79 N 80 N

80 N

78 N 80.5 N 81.5 N

Light and Meteorological conditions in October 2008 cruise

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

7-8 10-12 13-16 18-19 21-23 26-28

Data, October

Air

Tem

per

atu

re, 0

C

average

minimum

Abrupt warming (about 0.80 C) in the Atlantic Water layer has been captured in the Laptev Sea in February 2004 (Polyakov et al., 2005)

Research highlights

MMP temperature record

Distinct seasonal cycle Distinct seasonal cycle (~1(~100C amplitude) was C amplitude) was revealed deep in the water revealed deep in the water column under the pack ice column under the pack ice (Ivanov et al., 2009) (Ivanov et al., 2009)

Research highlights

Two-year record by SBE-37 at 217 m

1

2

3

4

5

T0C

34.88

34.92

34.96

35

35.04

35.08

S, P

SU

Jan2005

Jan2006

Jul Ju l Jan2005

Jan2006

Jul Ju l

Research highlights

Temporary ‘disappearance’ Temporary ‘disappearance’ (for about 1 month) of (for about 1 month) of Atlantic Water layer at the Atlantic Water layer at the East-Siberian Sea slopeEast-Siberian Sea slope

0 50 100 150 200

D istance, km

-1000

-800

-600

-400

-200

0D

epth

, m

-1.5

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Years

-1

0

1

2

T0 C

Temperature, C

Research highlights

Continuous warming in the Atlantic Water layer (Polyakov et al., 2007)

NABOS observational network has become an important element NABOS observational network has become an important element of Arctic Observing System by providing continuous information of Arctic Observing System by providing continuous information

about changes in the Arctic Oceanabout changes in the Arctic Ocean

NABOS moorings

NABOS, IARC UAF NABOS, IARC UAF

UKUKSouthampton Southampton Oceanographic CenterOceanographic Center

International collaborationInternational collaboration

University of Alaska, FairbanksUniversity of Alaska, Fairbanks

University of MiamiUniversity of Miami

APL, University of WashingtonAPL, University of Washington

Priorities Continue mooring-based and CTD observations at selected locationsCarry out scientific tasks proposed by partners

Changes Different ship: “Akademik Fedorov”, AARIHosting Summer school aboard (about 20 students from Russia,

USA and Europe)Increased variety of modern measurement devices

Planning 2013 field seasonPlanning 2013 field season

NABOS cruise 2008 schematics

Anomalously high heat

storage in the upper ocean

slows down ice growth

making the next year ice

thinner than normal

Useful experience from 2007 NABOS cruiseUseful experience from 2007 NABOS cruise

NABOS moorings

Mean summer ice edge

SUMMARYSUMMARYDuring 8 years of NABOS/CABOS operation the program have During 8 years of NABOS/CABOS operation the program have accumulated a great deal of experience deploying and recovering accumulated a great deal of experience deploying and recovering deep-sea oceanographic moorings in the harsh Arctic conditionsdeep-sea oceanographic moorings in the harsh Arctic conditions

Obtained scientific results proved the efficiency of chosen Obtained scientific results proved the efficiency of chosen observational strategy, based on a combination of autonomous observational strategy, based on a combination of autonomous anchored moorings and adjoining CTD transectsanchored moorings and adjoining CTD transects

The project has won wide international recognition, which extends The project has won wide international recognition, which extends through participation of through participation of scientists/technicians/scholars/reporters scientists/technicians/scholars/reporters from various countries in the project activities from various countries in the project activities

Established observational network has become an important Established observational network has become an important element of the IPY-2007-2009 Arctic Observing Systemelement of the IPY-2007-2009 Arctic Observing System

NABOS is open for any form of coordination/collaboration with NABOS is open for any form of coordination/collaboration with other observational programs aimed on cost-effective and other observational programs aimed on cost-effective and scientifically justified field studies in the Arctic Oceanscientifically justified field studies in the Arctic Ocean

Mooring positionsMooring positions

Location of moorings along 126 E Location of moorings along 126 E

NABOS - 2013NABOS - 2013

M ooring125E 1850m

Pick up floats plastic traw l

R ecovery line

Sphere 37 inch steel

C hain 1/2" long link

Location transponder shackled to chain

SB E 37 clamped to AD C P frame

53m

Steel w ire lineone continuous length

D ual Edgetech release assembly

D ual release chain and linksR elease ring

2m C hain 1/2" long link to anchor

Anchor

MMP

kevlar line1081m

700m

AD C P 300khz in mooring frame

1850m

754m

1m

13m kevlar adjust

1836m

1835m

54m

1m

C hain 1/2" long link

Sphere 30 inch steel

1m

4m

49m

48m

47m

37m

B umper

B umper