NAAQS Status in GA & PSD Inventory Update

James W. Boylan Georgia EPD – Air Protection Branch

Manager, Planning & Support Program

AWMA Regulatory Update Conference March 25, 2015 – Atlanta, GA

Criteria Air Pollutants Clean Air Act (CAA) Identifies 6 Criteria Air Pollutants

• Carbon Monoxide (CO)

• Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)

• Lead (Pb)

• Ozone (O3)

• Particulate Matter

• Currently regulated as PM2.5 and PM10

• Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)

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NAAQS is Set by EPA

• National Ambient Air Quality Standards

• Primary (Health Based)

• Secondary (Welfare Based)

• Four Basic Elements of all NAAQS (e.g., SO2)

• Indicator (e.g., SO2)

• Averaging time (e.g., 1-hour daily maximum)

• Form (e.g., 99th percentile averaged over 3 years)

• Level (e.g., 75 ppb)

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Carbon Monoxide NAAQS

• 35 ppm (1-hour), 9 ppm (8-hour), not to be exceeded more than once per year

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Nitrogen Dioxide NAAQS

• 100 ppb, 98th percentile of 1-hour daily maximum concentrations, averaged over 3 years

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Georgia Tech NO2 Roadside Monitor

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• 0.15 mg/m3, rolling 3-month average, not to be exceeded

Lead NAAQS

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Ozone NAAQS

• Annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour concentration, averaged over 3 years • 2008 NAAQS – 75 ppb • 2015 NAAQS – likely between 65-70 ppb

• Currently, Atlanta is designated nonattainment (15 counties)

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Ozone Nonattainment Area

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Ozone Design Value Maps

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Ozone Status Update

• Atlanta will be bumped up from “Marginal” to “Moderate” sometime this year since 3-year design value (DV) is above 75 ppb. • Must submit an attainment SIP within 1-year

after bump-up (modeling attainment demo, RACT/RACM, RFP, and contingency measures)

• 2015 Ozone “Critical Values” Monitor DV CV 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Conyers 77 77 70 76 81 81 71 79

McDonough 77 82 74 78 82 88 70 75

Confederate Ave. 76 85 77 80 84 87 69 73

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Particulate Matter NAAQS

• Particulate Matter (PM2.5) - Annual • Annual arithmetic mean, averaged over 3 years

• 1997 NAAQS – 15.0 mg/m3

• 2012 NAAQS – 12.0 mg/m3

• Particulate Matter (PM2.5) - Daily • 98th percentile of 24-hour daily average, averaged over 3

years

• 2006 NAAQS – 35.0 mg/m3

• Particulate Matter (PM10) • 150 mg/m3, 24-hour daily average, not to be exceeded more

than once per year on average over 3 years

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PM2.5 Design Value Maps

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1997 Annual PM2.5 Designations

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2012 Annual PM2.5 Designations

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• 75 ppb, 99th percentile of 1-hour daily maximum concentrations, averaged over 3 years

Sulfur Dioxide NAAQS

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EPA SO2 Documents and Rules • SO2 NAAQS Designations Source-Oriented Monitoring

Technical Assistance Document (Monitoring TAD)

– December, 2013

• SO2 NAAQS Designations Modeling Technical Assistance Document (Modeling TAD)

– December, 2013

• Proposed Data Requirements Rule for the 1-Hour Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Primary NAAQS

– April 17, 2014

• Guidance for 1-Hour SO2 Nonattainment Area SIP Submissions

– April 23, 2014

• Updated Guidance for Area Designations for the 2010 Primary Sulfur Dioxide NAAQS

– March 20, 2015 17

SO2 Designations • Round 1…

– October 4, 2013: EPA designated 29 areas nonattainment in 16 states based on monitored violations

– SIPs are due April 4, 2015 (18 months after effective date)

• Round 2… – January 15, 2016: States submit list of SO2 sources to

EPA and indicate modeling or monitoring approach • Also, modeling protocols are due at this time

– January 13, 2017: Modeling analyses due to EPA – December 31, 2017: EPA makes designations based on

modeling analysis

• Round 3… – July 1, 2016: States submit monitoring details to EPA as

part of their annual monitoring network plan – January 1, 2017: New monitors operational – December 31, 2020: EPA makes designations based on

2017-2019 monitoring data

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SO2 Threshold Options

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Sierra Club Consent Decree • An earlier round of designations would be

completed no later than 16 months from the Court’s entry of the consent decree (03/02/15) – State recommendations due September 18, 2015 – EPA designations by July 2, 2016

• Proposed Consent Decree applies to: – Areas that have newly monitored violations of the

1-hour SO2 NAAQS • Based on air quality modeling in the three (3) full

calendar years preceding the Court deadline • One monitor is Savannah

– Coal-fired power plants that in 2012 emitted more than: • 16,000 tons of SO2, or • 2,600 tons of SO2 and had an emission rate of at least

0.45 lbs SO2/MMBtu • Georgia Power Plant Scherer

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Site Name County 2011 (TPY) 2012 (TPY) 2013 (TPY) Option 1 Option 2 Option 3

Ga Power Company - Plant Bowen Bartow 5,889 3,119 3,511 Yes Yes Yes

Ga Power Company - Plant Kraft Chatham 2,80 1,190 3,831 No No No

International Paper - Savannah Chatham 4,233 3,622 8,071 Yes Yes No

Southern States Phosphate & Fertilizer Chatham 1,211 1,194 1,130 No No No

Ga Power Company - Plant McDonough/Atkinson Cobb 18,307 424 38 No No No

Ga Power Company - Plant Yates Coweta 47,530 29,789 21,001 Yes Yes Yes

Georgia-Pacific Corp Cedar Springs Operation Early 1,907 860 1,010 No No No

Ga Power Co Plt McIntosh Effingham 692 0.13 491 No No No

Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products (Savannah River Mill) Effingham 3,725 3,036 2,405 Yes No No

Ga Power Company - Plant Hammond Floyd 2,174 978 32 No No No

TEMPLE INLAND (International Paper - Rome) Floyd 2,203 2,159 1,994 No No No

Ga Power Company - Plant Wansley Heard 3,084 2,102 1,197 Yes No No

Ga Power Company - Plant Scherer Monroe 50,488 42,348 24,074 Yes Yes Yes

Ga Power Company - Plant Branch Putnam 55,180 20,984 26,588 Yes Yes Yes

Thermal Ceramics Richmond 1,980.13 1,698 1,774 No No No

International Paper - Augusta Mill Richmond 1,710 459 437 No No No

* BOLD indicates source is in a CBSA > 1M

** RED HIGHLIGHT indicates source will retire or convert to natural gas by 2016

*** indicates source impacted by proposed Sierra Club Consent Decree

****Comparison to thresholds will be based on 2014 data for EGUs and 2013 data for non-EGUs (maybe 2014 data?)

Based on 2013 SO2 emissions… – Option 1 7 sources, 2 will retire/repower 5 sources, 2 will be accelerated

– Option 2 5 sources, 2 will retire/repower 3 sources, 2 will be accelerated

– Option 3 5 sources, 2 will retire/repower 3 sources, 2 will be accelerated

Large SO2 Sources in Georgia

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Air Quality Management

PSD Off-Site Emissions Inventory

PSD Modeling in Georgia

• GA EPD Guidance Documents – http://www.georgiaair.org/airpermit/html/sspp/psd_guidance_document.htm

– http://www.georgiaair.org/airpermit/downloads/otherforms/infodocs/ toxguide.pdf

– http://www.georgiaair.org/airpermit/downloads/sspp/modeling/ quarryguideline_august2012.pdf

• AERMET Meteorological Data – http://www.georgiaair.org/airpermit/html/sspp/modeling/aermetdata.htm

• Background Concentrations – http://www.georgiaair.org/airpermit/html/sspp/modeling.htm

• PSD Off-Site Inventory – Should be available by the end of 2015

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PSD Emissions Inventory

• GA EPD is creating a statewide emission inventory for the PSD air impact analysis – NAAQS & Increment

– PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SO2, and CO

– Follow 40 CFR 51 Appendix W

– Contractor support from AMEC

• GA EPD will maintain future updates to the emission inventory through the permit application process.

• All emissions will be available on-line

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AMEC Deliverables

• Data Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) and Short-Term and Long-Term Emissions Averaging Procedure Documents

• Emission Inventory Data and Notebook

– So far, 68 SM and 33 Title V sources

• Emissions Inventory Relational Database

• Emissions Inventory Web Application

– Select location and radius

– AERMOD ready file

– Excel file with Q/d calculations

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Example Interactive Map

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Jim Boylan, Ph.D.

Georgia Dept. of Natural Resources

4244 International Parkway, Suite 120

Atlanta, GA 30354

James.Boylan@dnr.state.ga.us

404-363-7014

Contact Information