New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry

Contents

Dedication

Editors

Preface

Acknowledgements

Contributors

Volume 1

Part 1 The subject matter of and approach to psychiatry

1.1 On being a patientKay Redfield Jamison and Richard Jed Wyatt

1.2 Public attitudes and the problem of stigma: psychiatry and the mediaAnthony Clare

1.3 Psychiatry as a worldwide public health problem

1.3.1 Psychiatry and health in low-income populationsLeon Eisenberg

1.3.2 Transcultural psychiatryJulian Leff

1.4 The history of psychiatry as a medical specialtyPierre Pichot

1.5 Psychiatric ethics: codes, concepts, and clinical practice skillsK.W.M. Fulford and Sidney Bloch

1.6 Principles of mental health lawAlexander McCall Smith

1.7 The education of psychiatristsPaul R. McHugh and Phillip R. Slavney

1.8 The psychiatrist as managerDinesh Bhugra

1.9 Descriptive phenomenologyAndrew Sims, Christoph Mundt, Peter Berner, and Arnd Barocka

1.10 Assessment

1.10.1 The principles of clinical assessment in general psychiatryJohn E. Cooper and Margaret Oates

1.10.2 Communication and mental health in primary careR.M. Epstein, F. Borrell, and M. Caterina

1.10.3 Psychological assessment

1.10.3.1 Cognitive assessmentGraham E. Powell

1.10.3.2 Behavioural and observational assessmentJohn N. Hall

1.11 ClassificationH. Dilling

1.12 From science to practiceJohn Geddes

Part 2 The scientific basis of psychiatric aetiology

2.1 Historical development

2.1.1 Historical development of ideas about psychiatric aetiologyGerman E. Berrios

2.1.2 The brain and the mindFrancisco Mora

2.2 Statistics and the design of experiments and surveysGraham Dunn

2.3 The contribution of neurosciences

2.3.1 NeuroanatomyR.C.A. Pearson

2.3.2 NeurodevelopmentKarl Zilles

2.3.3 NeuroendocrinologyCharles B. Nemeroff

2.3.4 Neurotransmitters and second messengersMichael E. Newman and Bernard Lerer

2.3.5 NeuropathologyPeter Falkai and Bernhard Bogerts

2.3.6 Functional positron emission tomography in psychiatryP.M. Grasby

2.3.7 Structural magnetic resonance imagingJ. Suckling and E.T. Bullmore

2.3.8 Functional magnetic resonance imagingE.T. Bullmore and J. Suckling

2.3.9 Neuronal networks, epilepsy, and other brain dysfunctionsJohn G.R. Jefferys

2.3.10 PsychoneuroimmunologyGeorge Freeman Solomon

2.4 The contribution of genetics

2.4.1 Quantitative geneticsAnita Thapar and Peter McGuffin

2.4.2 Molecular geneticsJonathan Flint

2.5 The contribution of psychological science

2.5.1 Developmental psychology throughout life

2.5.1.1 Developmental psychology through infancy, childhood, andadolescenceWilliam Yule

2.5.1.2 Lifespan psychology: illustrations from adulthood and old ageAlexandra M. Freund and Ursula M. Staudinger

2.5.2 Memory and memory disordersBarbara A. Wilson

2.5.3 Contributions of psychology to the understanding of psychiatric disordersMarcel van den Hout, Arnoud Arntz, and Harald Merckelbach

2.6 The contribution of social sciences

2.6.1 Medical sociology and issues of aetiologyGeorge W. Brown

2.6.2 Social and cultural anthropology: salience for psychiatryArthur Kleinman

2.7 The contribution of epidemiology to psychiatric aetiologyScott Henderson

Part 3 Psychodynamic contributions to psychiatry

3.1 The historical development of dynamic psychiatryAnthony Storr

3.2 Psychoanalysis: Freud’s theories and their contemporary developmentOtto F. Kernberg

3.3 Other psychodynamic schools

3.3.1 Analytical psychology (Jung)Anthony Storr

3.3.2 Object relations, attachment theory, self-psychology, and interpersonalpsychoanalysisJeremy Holmes

3.4 Existential and phenomenological approach to psychiatryOtto Doerr-Zegers

3.5 Current psychodynamic approaches to psychiatryGlen O. Gabbard

Part 4 Clinical syndromes of adult psychiatry

Volume 2

Part 5 Psychiatry and medicine

5.1 Historical and conceptual issues in psychiatry and medicineRodolfo Fahrer

5.2 Somatoform disorders and other causes of medically unexplained symptoms

5.2.1 Somatoform disorders and medically unexplained symptomsRichard Mayou

5.2.2 Epidemiology of somatoform disorders and other causes of unexplainedmedical symptomsGregory Simon

5.2.3 Somatization disorder and related disordersPer Fink

5.2.4 Conversion and dissociationHarold Merskey

5.2.5 HypochondriasisRussell Noyes Jr

5.2.6 Pain disorderSidney Benjamin

5.2.7 Chronic fatigue syndromeMichael Sharpe and Simon Wessely

5.2.8 Body dysmorphic disorderKatharine A. Phillips

5.2.9 Factitious disorder and malingeringChristopher Bass and David Gill

5.2.10 NeurastheniaFelice Lieh Mak

5.3 Medical and surgical conditions and treatments associated with psychiatric disorder

5.3.1 Adjustments to illness, handicap, and bereavementAlex Mitchell and Allan House

5.3.2 Psychiatric aspects of neurological diseaseMaria A. Ron

5.3.3 EpilepsyBrian Toone

5.3.4 Medical conditions associated with psychiatric disorderJames R. Rundell and Michael G. Wise

5.3.5 Psychiatric aspects of infectionsJ.L. Ayuso-Mateos

5.3.6 Psychiatric aspects of surgery (including transplantation)Gary Rodin and Susan Abbey

5.3.7 Psychiatric aspects of cancerMarjaneh Rouhani and Jimmie C. Holland

5.3.8 Psychiatric aspects of accidents, burns, and other traumaUlrik Fredrik Malt

5.4 Obstetric and gynaecological conditions associated with psychiatric disorderIan Brockington

5.5 Health screening programmesKatharine Rimes and Paul Salkovskis

5.6 Treatment of psychiatric disorders in medically ill patients including the managementof emergenciesThomas Herzog, Barbara Stein, and Lutz Frölich

5.7 Health psychologyJohn Weinmann and Keith J. Petrie

5.8 The organization of psychiatric services for general hospital departmentsFrits J. Huyse

Part 6 Treatment methods in psychiatry

IntroductionThe Editors

6.1 The integration of treatment

6.1.1 The evaluation of physical treatment

6.1.1.1 Clinical trials and the regulation of drugsPaul Leber

6.1.1.2 Analysis of groups of trialsClive Adams

6.1.2 The evaluation of psychological treatmentPaul Crits-Christoph and Madeline Gladis

6.1.3 Placebo effects and other non-specific factorsFrederic M. Quitkin

6.2 Somatic treatments

6.2.1 General principles of drug therapyJ.K. Aronson

6.2.2 Anxiolytics and hypnoticsMalcolm Lader

6.2.3 AntidepressantsGeorge R. Heninger

6.2.4 Non-anticonvulsant stabilizers: lithium and L-type calcium-channel blockersRobert M. Post

6.2.5 Antipsychotic and anticholinergic drugsHerbert Y. Meltzer

6.2.6 Antiepileptic drugsChristopher M. Palmer and Harrison G. Pope Jr

6.2.7 Drugs for cognitive disordersLeslie Iversen

6.2.8 Drugs used in the treatment of the addictionsFergus D. Law and David J. Nutt

6.2.9 Other somatic treatments

6.2.9.1 Convulsive therapy in the twenty-first centuryMax Fink

6.2.9.2 PhototherapyP.J. Cowen

6.2.9.3 Neurosurgery for psychiatric disordersAndrea L. Malizia

6.3 Psychological treatments

6.3.1 CounsellingMike Hobbs and Diana Sanders

6.3.2 Cognitive–behaviour therapy

6.3.2.1 Cognitive–behaviour therapy for anxiety disordersDavid M. Clark

6.3.2.2 Cognitive–behaviour therapy for eating disordersChristopher G. Fairburn

6.3.2.3 Cognitive–behaviour therapy for depressive disordersMelanie J.V. Fennell

6.3.2.4 Cognitive–behaviour therapy for schizophreniaMax Birchwood and Elizabeth Spencer

6.3.3 Interpersonal psychotherapy for depression and other disordersJohn C. Markowitz and Myrna M. Weissman

6.3.4 Brief individual psychodynamic psychotherapyRobert J. Ursano and Amy M. Ursano

6.3.5 Psychoanalysis and other long-term dynamic psychotherapiesPeter Fonagy

6.3.6 Group methods in adult psychiatryMalcolm Pines and John Schlapobersky

6.3.7 Psychotherapy with couplesMichael Crowe

6.3.8 Family therapySidney Bloch and Edwin Harari

6.3.9 Therapeutic communitiesDavid Kennard

6.4 Treatment by other professions

6.4.1 Rehabilitation techniquesW.Rössler

6.4.2 Psychiatric nursing techniquesKevin Gournay

6.4.3 Social work approaches to mental health work: British and North AmericantrendsShulamit Ramon

6.5 Traditional non-Western folk healing as relevant to psychiatryWolfgang G. Jilek

Part 7 Social psychiatry and service provision

7.1 Public policy and environmental issuesRachel Jenkins

7.2 Service needs of individuals and populationsWilliam R. Breakey

7.3 Cultural differences in pathways to care, service use, and outcomeJim van Os and Kwame McKenzie

7.4 Primary prevention of mental disordersJ.M. Bertolote

7.5 Planning and providing mental health services for a communityGraham Thornicroft and Michele Tansella

7.6 Evaluation of psychiatric servicesMichele Tansella and Graham Thornicroft

7.7 Economic analysis of psychiatric servicesMartin Knapp and Daniel Chisholm

7.8 Psychiatry in primary careDavid Goldberg, Anthony Mann, and André Tylee

7.9 The role of advocacy, self-help and carer groups, and voluntary organizationsLaurie M. Flynn

7.10 Special problems

7.10.1 The special psychiatric problems of refugeesRichard F. Mollica

7.10.2 Mental health services for homeless mentally ill peopleTom K.J. Craig

7.10.3 Mental health services for ethnic minoritiesRosemarie Mallett and Tom K.J. Craig

Part 8 The psychiatry of old age

8.1 The biology of ageingAlan H. Bittles

8.2 The sociology of normal ageingG. Clare Wenger

8.3 The ageing population and the epidemiology of mental disorders among the elderlyA.F. Jorm

8.4 Assessment of mental disorder in older patients and of the treatment needs ofpatients and their carersRobin Jacoby

8.5 Special features of clinical syndromes in the elderly

8.5.1 Delirium in the elderlyJames Lindesay

8.5.2 Substance use disorders in elderly peopleRoland Atkinson

8.5.3 Schizophrenia and paranoid disorders of late lifeRobert Howard

8.5.4 Mood disorders in the elderlyRobert Baldwin

8.5.5 Stress-related, anxiety, and obsessional disorders in elderly peopleJames Lindesay

8.5.6 Personality disorders in the elderlySuzanne Holroyd

8.5.7 Suicide and deliberate self-harm in elderly peopleRobin Jacoby

8.5.8 Sex in old ageJohn Kellett

8.6 Special features of psychiatric treatment for the elderlyCatherine Oppenheimer

8.7 The organization and provision of services for the elderlyDeirdre Johnston and Burton V. Reifler

Part 9 Child and adolescent psychiatry

9.1 General issues

9.1.1 Developmental psychopathology and classification in childhood andadolescenceStephen Scott

9.1.2 The influence of family, school, and the environmentBarbara Maughan

9.1.3 Epidemiology of psychiatric disorder in childhood and adolescenceDavid R. Offord

9.1.4 Assessment in child and adolescent psychiatryAdrian Angold

9.1.5 Prevention of mental disorder in childhood and other public health issuesPeter Hill

9.2 Clinical syndromes

9.2.1 Specific developmental disorders in childhood and adolescenceHelmut Remschmidt

9.2.2 Autism and the pervasive developmental disordersFred R. Volkmar and Ami Klin

9.2.3 Attention-deficit and hyperkinetic disorders in childhood and adolescenceRussell Schachar and Abel Ickowicz

9.2.4 Conduct disorders in childhood and adolescenceStephen Scott

9.2.5 Emotional disorders with their onset in childhoodIan Goodyer

9.2.6 Obsessive–compulsive disorder and tics in children and adolescentsMartine F. Flament and Nadia Chabane

9.2.7 Neuropsychiatric disordersJames C. Harris

9.2.8 Disorders of sleeping, eating, and elimination in early childhoodJo Douglas

9.2.9 Sleep disorders in children and adolescentsGregory Stores

9.2.10 Suicide and attempted suicide in children and adolescentsDavid Shaffer, Cynthia R. Pfeffer, and Jennifer Gutstein

9.2.11 Speech and language disorders of childhood and psychological mutismIsrael Kolvin

9.2.12 Gender identity disorder in children and adolescentsRichard Green

9.3 Situations affecting child mental health

9.3.1 Child abuse and neglectDavid P.H. Jones

9.3.2 The relationship between physical and mental health in children andadolescentsJulia Gledhill and M. Elena Garralda

9.3.3 The effects on child mental health of adoption and foster careJune Thoburn

9.3.4 Effects of parental psychiatric and physical illness on child developmentJacqueline Barnes and Alan Stein

9.3.5 The effects of bereavement in childhoodDora Black

9.4 Forensic issues

9.4.1 Juvenile delinquency and serious antisocial behaviourSusan Bailey

9.4.2 The child as witnessAnne E. Thompson and John B. Pearce

9.5 Treatment methods for children and adolescents

9.5.1 Counselling and psychotherapy for childrenJohn B. Pearce

9.5.2 Child psychoanalysisPeter Fonagy and Mary Target

9.5.3 Cognitive–behaviour therapies for children and adolescentsRichard Harrington

9.5.4 Interventions for parents and families: a developmental psychopathologyperspectivePhilip A. Fisher and Elizabeth A. Stormshak

9.5.5 Medication for children and adolescentsChristopher Gillberg

9.5.6 Residential care for social reasonsIan Sinclair and Ian Gibbs

9.5.7 Organization of services for children and adolescentsAnula Nikapota

9.5.8 The treatment of child and adolescent psychiatric emergenciesErnest S.L. Luk

9.5.9 The child psychiatrist as consultant to schools and collegesDerek Steinberg

Part 10 Mental retardation (learning disability)

Introduction: an age of enlightenmentW. Fraser

10.1 Classification, diagnosis, psychiatric assessment, and needs assessmentA.J. Holland

10.2 Epidemiology of mental retardationTom Fryers

10.3 Aetiology of mental retardation: general issues and preventionMarkus Kaski

10.4 Specific conditions leading to mental retardationShoumitro Deb and Zahir Ahmed

10.5 Psychiatric and behaviour disorders among mentally retarded people

10.5.1 Psychiatric and behaviour disorders among mentally retarded children andadolescents

Bruce J. Tonge

10.5.2 Psychiatric and behaviour disorders among mentally retarded adultsA Došen

10.5.3 Epilepsy and epilepsy-related behaviour disorders among people withmental retardationMatti Iivanaien

10.6 Methods of treatmentT.P. Berney

10.7 Special needs of adolescents and elderly people with mental retardationJane Hubert and Sheila Hollins

10.8 Families with a mentally retarded member and their needsAnn Gath

10.9 The planning and provision of psychiatric services for people with mentalretardationNick Bouras and Geraldine Holt

Part 11 Forensic psychiatry

IntroductionRobert Bluglass

11.1 General principles of law relating to people with mental disorderMichael Gunn and Kay Wheat

11.2 Psychosocial causes of offendingDavid P. Farrington

11.3 Associations between psychiatric disorder and offendingDerek Chiswick

11.4 Special problems

11.4.1 The special problem of arson (fire-raising)Herschel Prins

11.4.2 Assessment and management of sexual offendersRobert Hale, Carine Minn, and Anne Zachary

11.4.3 Dangerousness, risk, and the prediction of probabilityPaul E. Mullen

11.4.4 Forensic aspects of alcohol and drug disordersAndrew Johns

11.5 The impact of criminal victimizationGillian C. Mezey and Ian Robbins

11.6 The psychiatrist in courtAdrian Grounds

11.7 Legal use of psychiatry and law as an instrument of psychiatric practiceNigel Eastman

11.8 Treatment and care in forensic mental healthPaul E. Mullen and Per Lindqvist

11.9 Organization of servicesRobert Bluglass

Color Plates

Books@OvidCopyright © 2000, Oxford University Press

Michael G. Gelder, Juan J. López-Ibor, Jr. and Nancy AndreasenNew Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry

Dedication

Whilst every effort has been made to ensure that the contents of this bookare as complete, accurate, and up to date as possible at the date of writing,Oxford University Press is not able to give any guarantee or assurance thatsuch is the case. Readers are urged to take appropriately qualified medicaladvice in all cases. The information in this book is intended to be useful tothe general reader, but should not be used as a means of self-diagnosis orfor the prescription of medication.

Editors

Michael G. Gelder Emeritus Professor of Psychiatry,Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford,Oxford, UK

Juan J. López-IborProfessor of Psychiatry,Complutense University, Madrid, Spain;President, World Psychiatric Association

and

Nancy AndreasenDirector, Mental Health Clinical Research Centre,University of Iowa Hospital and Clinic,Iowa City, USA

Preface

Three themes can be discerned in contemporary psychiatry: the growingunity of the subject, the pace of scientific advance, and the growth ofpractice in the community. We have sought to reflect these themes in theNew Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry and to present the state of psychiatry atthe start of the new millennium. The book is written for psychiatristsengaged in continuous education and recertification; the previous, shorter,Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry remains available for psychiatrists intraining. The book is intended to be suitable also as a work of reference forpsychiatrists of all levels of experience, and for other professionals whosework involves them in the problems of psychiatry.

The growing unity of psychiatry

The growing unity in psychiatry is evident in several ways. Biological andpsychosocial approaches have been largely reconciled with a generalrecognition that genetic and environmental factors interact, and thatpsychological processes are based in and can influence neurobiologicalmechanisms. At the same time, the common ground between the differentpsychodynamic theories has been recognized, and is widely accepted asmore valuable than the differences between them.

The practice of psychiatry is increasingly similar in different countries, withthe remaining variations related more to differences between nationalsystems of health care and the resources available to clinicians, than todifferences in the aims of the psychiatrists working in these countries. Thisunity of approach is reflected in this book whose authors practise in manydifferent countries and yet present a common approach. In this respect thistextbook differs importantly from others which present the views of authorsdrawn predominantly from a single country or region.

Greater agreement about diagnosis and nosology has led to a betterunderstanding of how different treatment approaches are effective indifferent disorders. The relative specificity of psychopharmacologicaltreatments is being matched increasingly by the specificity of some of the

recently developed psychological treatments, so that psychologicaltreatment should no longer be applied without reference to diagnosis, aswas sometimes done in the past.

The pace of scientific advance

Advances in genetics and in the neurosciences have already increasedknowledge of the basic mechanisms of the brain and are beginning touncover the neurobiological mechanisms involved in psychiatric disorder.Striking progress has been achieved in the understanding of Alzheimer’sdisease, for example, and there are indications that similar progress willfollow in uncovering the causes of mood disorder, schizophrenia, andautism. Knowledge of genetics and the neurosciences is so extensive andthe pace of change is so rapid that it is difficult to present a completeaccount within the limited space available in a textbook of clinicalpsychiatry. We have selected aspects of these sciences that seem, to us andthe authors, to have contributed significantly to psychiatry or to be likely todo so before long.

Psychological and social sciences and epidemiology are essential methodsof investigation in psychiatry. Although the pace of advance in thesesciences may not be as great as in the neurosciences, the findings generallyhave a more direct relation to clinical phenomena. Moreover, themechanisms by which psychological and social factors interact withgenetic, biochemical, and structural ones will continue to be importanthowever great the progress in these other sciences. Among the advances inthe psychological and social sciences that are relevant to clinicalphenomena, we have included accounts of memory, psychologicaldevelopment, research on life events, and the effects of culture.Epidemiological studies continue to be crucial for defining psychiatricdisorders, following their course, and identifying their causes.

Psychiatry in the community

In most countries, psychiatry is now practised in the community rather thanin institutions, and where this change has yet be completed, it is generallyrecognized that it should take place. The change has done much more than

transfer the locus of care; it has converted patients from passive recipientsof care to active participants with individual needs and preferences.Psychiatrists are now involved in the planning, provision, and evaluation ofservices for whole communities, which may include members of ethnicminorities, homeless people, and refugees. Responsibility for a communityhas underlined the importance of the prevention as well as the treatment ofmental disorder and of the role of agencies other than health services inboth. Care in the community has also drawn attention to the many peoplewith psychiatric disorder who are treated in primary care, and has led tonew ways of working between psychiatrists and physicians. At the sametime, psychiatrists have worked more in general hospitals, helping patientswith both medical and psychiatric problems. Others have provided care foroffenders.

The organization of the book

In most ways, the organization of this book is along conventional lines.However, some matters require explanation.

Part 1 contains a variety of diverse topics brought together under thegeneral heading of the subject matter and approach to psychiatry.Phenomenology, assessment, classification, and ethical problems areincluded, together with the role of the psychiatrist as educator and asmanager. Public health aspects of psychiatry are considered together withpublic attitudes to psychiatry and to psychiatric patients. Part 1 ends with achapter on the links between science and practice. It begins with a topic thatis central to good practice—the understanding of the experience ofbecoming a psychiatric patient.

Part 2 is concerned with the scientific foundations of psychiatry groupedunder the headings neurosciences, genetics, psychological sciences, socialsciences, and epidemiology. The chapters contain general information aboutthese sciences; findings specific to a particular disorder are described in thechapter on that disorder. Brain imaging techniques are discussed herebecause they link basic sciences with clinical research. As explained above,the chapters are selective and, in some, readers who wish to study thesubjects in greater detail will find suggestions for further reading.

Part 3 is concerned with dynamic approaches to psychiatry. The principalschools of thought are presented as alternative ways of understanding theinfluence of life experience on personality and on responses to stressfulevents and to illness. Some reference is made to dynamic psychotherapy inthese accounts, but the main account of these treatments is in Part 6. Thisarrangement separates the chapters on the practice of dynamicpsychotherapy from those on psychodynamic theory, but we consider thatthis disadvantage is outweighed by the benefit of considering together thecommonly used forms of psychotherapy.

Part 4 is long, with chapters on the clinical syndromes of adult psychiatry,with the exception of somatoform disorders which appear in Part 5,Psychiatry and Medicine. This latter contains more than a traditionalaccount of psychosomatic medicine. It also includes a review of psychiatricdisorders that may cause medical symptoms unexplained by physicalpathology, the medical, surgical, gynaecological, and obstetric conditionsmost often associated with psychiatric disorder, health psychology, and thetreatment of psychiatric disorder in medically ill patients.

Information about treatment appears in more than one part of the book. Part6 contains descriptions of the physical and psychological treatments incommon use in psychiatry. Dynamic psychotherapy and psychoanalysis aredescribed alongside counselling and cognitive-behavioural techniques. Thispart of the book contains general descriptions of the treatments; their usefor a particular disorder is considered in the chapter on that disorder. In thelatter, the account is generally in two parts: a review of evidence about theefficacy of the treatment, followed by advice on management in whichavailable evidence is supplemented, where necessary, with clinicalexperience. Treatment methods designed specially for children andadolescents, for people with mental retardation (learning disability), and forpatients within the forensic services are considered in Parts 9, 10, and 11respectively.

Social psychiatry and service provision are described in Part 7. Publicpolicy issues, as well as the planning, delivery, and evaluation of services,are discussed here. Psychiatry in primary care is an important topic in thispart of the book. There are chapters on the special problems of members of

ethnic minorities, homeless people, and refugees, and the effects of cultureon the provision and uptake of services.

Child and adolescent psychiatry, old age psychiatry, and mental retardationare described in Parts 8, 9, and 10. These accounts are less detailed thanmight be found in textbooks intended for specialists working exclusively inthe relevant subspecialty. Rather, they are written for readers experienced inanother branch of psychiatry who wish to improve their knowledge of thespecial subject. We are aware of the controversy surrounding our choice ofthe title of Part 10. We have selected the term ‘mental retardation’ becauseit is used in both ICD-10 and DSM-IV. In some countries this term has beenreplaced by another that is thought to be less stigmatizing and moreacceptable to patients and families. For example, in the United Kingdom thepreferred term is ‘learning disability’. While we sympathize with the aimsof those who adopt this and other alternative terms, the book is intended foran international readership and it seems best to use the term chosen by theWorld Health Organization as most generally understood. Thus the termmental retardation is used unless there is a special reason to use another.

In Part 11, Forensic Psychiatry, it has been especially difficult to present ageneral account of the subject that is not tied to practice in a single country.This is because systems of law differ between countries and the practice offorensic psychiatry has to conform with the local legal system. Althoughmany of the examples in this part of the book may at first seem restricted intheir relevance because they are described in the context of English law, wehope that readers will be able to transfer the principles described in thesechapters to the legal tradition in which they work.

Finally, readers should note that the history of psychiatry is presented inmore than one part of the book. The history of psychiatry as a medicalspecialty is described in Part 1. The history of ideas about the variouspsychiatric disorders appears, where relevant, in the chapters on thesedisorders, where they can be considered in relation to present-day concepts.The history of ideas about aetiology is considered in Part 2, which coversthe scientific basis of psychiatric aetiology, while the historicaldevelopment of dynamic psychiatry is described in Part 3.

Michael GelderJuan López-Ibor

Nancy Andreasen

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the many colleagues who have advised us about certainparts of the book.

The following helped us to plan specialized parts of the book: Dr JeremyHolmes (Part 3, Psychodynamic Contributions to Psychiatry); ProfessorRichard Mayou (Part 5, Psychiatry and Medicine); Professor Robin Jacoby(Part 8, Psychiatry of Old Age); Sir Michael Rutter (Part 9, Child andAdolescent Psychiatry); Professor William Fraser (Part 10, MentalRetardation); Professor Robert Bluglass (Part 11, Forensic Psychiatry).

The following helped us to plan certain sections within Part 4, GeneralPsychiatry: Professor Alwyn Lishman (delirium, dementia, amnesticsyndrome, and other cognitive disorders); Professor Griffith Edwards(alcohol use disorders); Dr Philip Robson (other substance use disorders);Professor Guy Goodwin (mood disorders); Professor John Bancroft(sexuality, gender identity, and their disorders); Professor Gregory Stores(sleep–wake disorders); Professor Keith Hawton (suicide and attemptedsuicide). In Part 6, Professor Philip Cowen advised about somatictreatments, Dr Jeremy Holmes about psychodynamic treatments, andProfessor David Clark about cognitive-behavioural therapy. Dr MaxMarshall provided helpful advice about forensic issues for Part 7. We alsothank the many other colleagues whose helpful suggestions about specificproblems aided the planning of the book.

Finally, we record our special gratitude to the authors and to the staff ofOxford University Press.

Contributors list

Susan Abbey Associate Professor of Psychiatry, University of Toronto,Ontario, CanadaChapter 5.3.6

Gene G. AbelProfessor of Clinical Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine,Atlanta, Georgia, USAChapter 4.11.3

Henry David AbrahamChief, Alcohol and Drug Treatment Services, Butler Hospital, Lexington,Massachusetts, USAChapter 4.2.3.4

Clive AdamsCochrane Schizophrenia Group, University of Oxford Department ofPsychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UKChapter 6.1.1.2

Zahir AhmedHonorary Lecturer in Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine,University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UKChapter 10.4

Hagop S. AkiskalProfessor of Psychiatry and Director of the International Mood Center,University of California at San Diego, California, USAChapter 4.5.8

Stanley E. AlthofCase Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio,USAChapter 4.11.2

Lawrence AmselResearch Psychiatrist, Columbia University, New York, USAChapter 4.15.3

Adrian AngoldAssociate Professor of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Duke UniversityMedical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USAChapter 9.1.4

Jules AngstHonorary Professor of Psychiatry and Honorary Doctor of Medicine, ZurichUniversity Psychiatric Hospital, Zurich, SwitzerlandChapter 4.5.6

E. ArensmanSenior Researcher, Department of Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit,Amsterdam, The NetherlandsChapter 4.15.2

Lesley M. ArnoldDivision of Women’s Health Research, Department of Psychiatry,University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USAChapter 4.13.1

Arnoud ArntzDoctor of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology,Maastricht University, The NetherlandsChapter 2.5.3

J.K. AronsonClinical Reader in Clinical Pharmacology, University of Oxford, UKChapter 6.2.1

Roland AtkinsonProfessor and Head, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, School of Medicine,Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USAChapter 8.5.2

J.L. Ayuso-MateosProfessor of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, Universityof Cantabria, SpainChapter 5.3.5

Susan BaileyConsultant Child and Adolescent Forensic Psychiatrist, Salford NHS Trustand Maudsley NHS Trust; Senior Research Fellow, University ofManchester, UKChapter 9.4.1

Robert BaldwinConsultant, Old Age Psychiatrist and Honorary Senior Lecturer,Manchester Royal Infirmary, UKChapter 8.5.4

James C. BallengerChairman and Professor, Medical University of South Carolina Institute ofPsychiatry, Charleston, South Carolina, USAChapter 4.7.3

Demetrio BarciaChairman of Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario, Murcia, SpainChapter 4.1.1

David H. BarlowCenter for Anxiety and Related Disorders at Boston University,Massachusetts, USAChapter 4.7.1

Jacqueline BarnesRoyal Free and University College Medical School, University CollegeLondon, and Tavistock Clinic, London, UKChapter 9.3.4

Arnd BarockaProfessor of Psychiatry, University of Erlangen, GermanyChapter 1.9

Christopher BassConsultant in Liaison Psychiatry, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UKChapter 5.2.9

Per BechProfessor of Psychiatry and Head of Psychiatric Research Unit, WHOCollaborating Centre, Frederiksborg General Hospital, Hillerød, DenmarkChapter 4.5.2

DeAnna A. BeckmanDivision of Women’s Health Research, Department of Psychiatry,University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USAChapter 4.13.1

Ruth M. BencaAssociate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USAChapter 4.14.5

Sidney BenjaminSenior Lecturer, University of Manchester, UKChapter 5.2.6

Peter BernerUniversitätsklinik für Psychiatrie, Vienna, AustriaChapter 1.9

T.P. BerneyConsultant Psychiatrist, Prudhoe Hospital, Northumberland, UKChapter 10.6

German E. BerriosConsultant in Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University ofCambridge, UKChapter 2.1.1 and Chapter 4.3.1

J.M. BertoloteChief, Mental Disorders Control Unit, World Health Organization, Geneva;

Associate Professor, Department of Psychogeriatrics, University ofLausanne, SwitzerlandChapter 7.4

Dinesh BhugraSenior Lecturer in Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s CollegeLondon, UKChapter 1.8

Michel BilliardDepartment of Neurology B, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, FranceChapter 4.14.3

Max BirchwoodDirector, Early Intervention Service, Northern Birmingham Mental HealthTrust, and University of Birmingham, UKChapter 6.3.2.4

Alan H. BittlesFoundation Professor of Human Biology, Edith Cowan University, Perth,AustraliaChapter 8.1

Dora BlackHonorary Consultant, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Traumatic StressClinic, London; Honorary Lecturer, University of London, UKChapter 9.3.5

S. BlairyDepartment of Psychiatry, University Clinics of Brussels, Erasme Hospital,Brussels, BelgiumChapter 4.5.5.1

Sidney BlochProfessor of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne; Senior Psychiatrist, StVincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, AustraliaChapter 1.5 and Chapter 6.3.8

Robert BluglassEmeritus Professor of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Birmingham;Honorary Consultant in Forensic Psychiatry, Reabank Clinic, Birmingham,UKIntroduction to Section 11 and Chapter 11.9

Bernhard BogertsDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Magdeburg, GermanyChapter 2.3.5

F. BorrellAssociate Professor, Department of Medicine, Barcelona University;Director, Centro de Atencion Primaria, Area Basica de Salud ‘La Gabarra’,Cornellà de Llobregat, SpainChapter 1.10.2

Nick BourasConsultant Psychiatrist and Senior Lecturer, Guy’s Hospital, London, UKChapter 10.9

William R. BreakeyProfessor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, JohnsHopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USAChapter 7.2

Chris R. BrewinDepartment of Psychology, Royal Holloway College, University of London,UKChapter 4.6.3

Ian BrockingtonProfessor of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, UKChapter 5.4

George W. BrownProfessor of Sociology, Academic Department of Psychiatry, St Thomas’sHospital, London, UKChapter 2.6.1

E.T. BullmoreInstitute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, UKChapter 2.3.7 and Chapter 2.3.8

Jose Luis CarrascoProfessor of Psychiatry, Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UniversidadAutonoma, Madrid, SpainChapter 4.12.3

Angela Cartagena-RochasMount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USAChapter 4.6.4

D.J. CastleUniversity of Western Australia, Fremantle, AustraliaChapter 4.3.5.1

M. CaterinaDirector, Department of Psychiatry, Ciudad Badia, Barcelona, SpainChapter 1.10.2

Nadia ChabaneChef de Clinique Assistant, University of Paris VII, FranceChapter 9.2.6

Jonathan ChickSenior Lecturer, Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, UKChapter 4.2.2.4

Daniel ChisholmInstitute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, UKChapter 7.7

Derek ChiswickHonorary Senior Lecturer in Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, UKChapter 11.3

Sudhansu ChokrovertyProfessor of Neurology, New York Medical College; Clinical Professor ofNeurology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NewJersey, USAChapter 4.14.6

Gary ChristensonAssociate Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry,University of Minnesota; Director, Mental Health Clinic, Boynton HealthService, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USAChapter 4.13.2

Anthony ClareClinical Professor of Psychiatry, Trinity College, Dublin, IrelandChapter 1.2

David M. ClarkProfessor of Psychiatry and Wellcome Principal Research Fellow,University of Oxford Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital,Oxford, UKChapter 6.3.2.1

John CollingeDirector, MRC Prion Unit, Imperial College of Science, Technology andMedicine, London, UKChapter 4.1.5

John E. CooperEmeritus Professor of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, UKChapter 1.10.1

F.-R. CousinPsychiatrist, Centre Hospitalier Saint-Anne, Paris, FranceChapter 4.3.9

P.J. CowenUniversity of Oxford Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital,

Oxford, UKChapter 6.2.9.2

Tom K.J. CraigProfessor of Community Psychiatry, Guy’s, King’s and St Thomas’sSchools of Medicine, London, UKChapter 7.10.2 and Chapter 7.10.3

Paul Crits-ChristophProfessor of Psychology in Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Schoolof Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USAChapter 6.1.2

Michael CroweConsultant Psychiatrist, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust; HonorarySenior Lecturer, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, UKChapter 6.3.7

D.G. Cunningham OwensReader in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh,UKChapter 4.3.7

Pinhas N. DannonPsychiatric Medical Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer andSackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, IsraelChapter 4.8

Anthony S. DavidProfessor of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King’sCollege London, UKChapter 4.3.3.1 and Chapter 4.3.3.2

Kate DavidsonSenior Research Psychologist, Department of Psychological Medicine,University of Glasgow, UKChapter 4.12.7

Giovanni de GirolamoNational Institute of Health, National Mental Health Project, Rome, ItalyChapter 4.12.4 and Chapter 4.12.5

K.W. de PauwConsultant and Senior Clinical Lecturer, Department of Psychiatry, StJames’s University Hospital, Leeds, UKChapter 4.9

Shoumitro DebClinical Senior Lecturer in Neuropsychiatry, Division of PsychologicalMedicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UKChapter 10.4

H. DillingProfessor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lübeck MedicalUniversity, GermanyChapter 1.11

Otto Doerr-ZegersProfessor of Psychiatry, University of Chile; Chief of Ward, PublicPsychiatric Hospital, Santiago de ChileChapter 3.4

A. DošenCatholic University Nijmegen and Nieuw Spraeland, Oostrum, TheNetherlandsChapter 10.5.2

Patrizia DottoUnit of Clinical Psychology, ASL 2, Lucca, ItalyChapter 4.12.5

Jo DouglasConsultant Clinical Psychologist, Great Ormond Street Hospital for SickChildren, London, UKChapter 9.2.8

D. Colin DrummondReader in Addiction Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry of AddictiveBehaviour, St George’s Hospital Medical School, University of London,UKChapter 4.2.2.5

Graham DunnSchool of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, University of Manchester,UKChapter 2.2

Nigel EastmanSenior Lecturer in Forensic Psychiatry, St George’s Hospital MedicalSchool, University of London, UKChapter 11.7

Anke EhlersDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UKChapter 4.6.1 and Chapter 4.6.2

Leon EisenbergMaude and Lillian Presley Professor of Social Medicine and EmeritusProfessor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,USAChapter 1.3.1

R.M. EpsteinAssociate Professor, Departments of Family Medicine and Psychiatry,Primary Care Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine andDentistry, Rochester, New York, USAChapter 1.10.2

Timo ErkinjunttiChief, Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences,Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, FinlandChapter 4.1.9

Brigette A. ErwinAdult Anxiety Clinic of Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,USAChapter 4.7.2

Colin A. EspieProfessor of Clinical Psychology, Head of Department of PsychologicalMedicineUniversity of Glasgow, UKChapter 4.14.2

Rodolfo FahrerChairman and Professor, Department of Mental Health, School ofMedicine, University of Buenos Aires, ArgentinaChapter 5.1

Christopher G. FairburnWellcome Principal Research Fellow and Professor of Psychiatry,University of Oxford, UKChapter 4.10.2 and Chapter 6.3.2.2

Peter FalkaiProfessor of Medical Psychology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, GermanyChapter 2.3.5

Stephen V. FaraoneAssociate Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, HarvardMedical School at Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston,Massachusetts, USAChapter 4.3.8

Michael FarrellSenior Lecturer and Consultant Psychiatrist, National Addiction Centre,South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UKChapter 4.2.3.5

David P. FarringtonProfessor of Psychological Criminology, University of Cambridge, UKChapter 11.2

Melanie J.V. FennellConsultant Clinical Psychologist and Director, Oxford Diploma inCognitive Therapy, University of Oxford Department of Psychiatry,Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UKChapter 6.3.2.3

Max FinkEmeritus Professor of Psychiatry and Neurology, State University of NewYork at Stony Brook; Professor of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College ofMedicine; Attending Psychiatrist, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, NewYork, USAChapter 6.2.9.1

Per FinkDirector, Research Unit for Functional Disorders, Aarhus UniversityHospital, Risskov, DenmarkChapter 5.2.3

Philip A. FisherResearch Scientist, Oregon Social Learning Center, Eugene, Oregon, USAChapter 9.5.4

Martine F. FlamentChargée de Récherche INSERM, CNRS UMR 7593, Paris, FranceChapter 9.2.6

Simon FlemingerConsultant Neuropsychiatrist, Maudsley Hospital, London, UKChapter 4.1.11 and Chapter 4.1.14

Jonathan FlintDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UKChapter 2.4.2

Laurie M. FlynnExecutive Director, National Alliance for the Mentally Ill (NAMI),Arlington, Virginia, USAChapter 7.9

Susan FolsteinProfessor of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Medford,Massachusetts, USAChapter 4.1.8

Peter FonagyFreud Memorial Professor of Psychoanalysis, University College London;Director of Research, Anna Freud Centre, London, UK; Director, Child andFamily Center and Clinical Protocols and Outcomes Center, MenningerClinic, Topeka, Kansas, USAChapter 6.3.5 and Chapter 9.5.2

W. FraserDivision of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College ofMedicine, Cardiff, UKIntroduction to Section 10

David M. FrescoAdult Anxiety Clinic of Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,USAChapter 4.7.2

Alexandra M. FreundMax Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, GermanyChapter 2.5.1.2

Lutz FrölichDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Frankfurt, GermanyChapter 5.6

Tom FryersInternational Consultant in Public Health and Mental Health; AdjunctProfessor in Community Medicine, New York Medical College, New York,

USA; Visiting Professor of Rehabilitation, Queen’s University, Kingston,Ontario, CanadaChapter 10.2

K.W.M. FulfordProfessor of Philosophy and Mental Health, University of Warwick;Honorary Consultant Psychiatrist, University of Oxford, UKChapter 1.5

Glen O. GabbardBessie Walker Callaway Distinguished Professor of Psychoanalysis andEducation in the Kansas School of Psychiatry, Menninger Clinic, Topeka;Clinical Professor of Psychiatry of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita,Kansas, USAChapter 3.5

J. GarrabéPsychiatrist, Centre La Verrière, MGEN, Le Mesnil Saint-Denis, FranceChapter 4.3.9

M. Elena GarraldaProfessor of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Imperial College School ofMedicine, London, UKChapter 9.3.2

Ann GathFormerly of University College London, UKChapter 10.8

John GeddesSenior Clinical Research Fellow; Honorary Consultant Psychiatrist,University of Oxford Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital,Oxford, UKChapter 1.12

S. Nassir GhaemiHarvard Bipolar Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital,Consolidated Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston,

Massachusetts, USAChapter 4.5.1

Ian GibbsSocial Work Research and Development Unit, University of York, UKChapter 9.5.6

David GillResearch Fellow, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UKChapter 4.1.2 and Chapter 5.2.9

Christopher GillbergProfessor of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Göteborg,SwedenChapter 9.5.5

Madeline GladisAssistant Professor of Psychology in Psychiatry, University of PennsylvaniaSchool of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USAChapter 6.1.2

Julia GledhillClinical Research Fellow, Imperial College School of Medicine, London,UKChapter 9.3.2

David GoldbergDirector of Research and Development, Institute of Psychiatry, King’sCollege London, UKChapter 7.8

Frederick K. GoodwinProfessor of Psychiatry, George Washington University, Washington, DC,USAChapter 4.5.1

Guy GoodwinW.A. Handley Professor of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK

Chapter 4.5.5.2

Ian GoodyerProfessor of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Cambridge,UKChapter 9.2.5

Kevin GournayProfessor of Psychiatry Nursing, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s CollegeLondon, UKChapter 6.4.2

P.M. GrasbySenior Lecturer, MRC Cyclotron Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, London,UKChapter 2.3.6

Richard GreenHead, Gender Identity Clinic, and Visiting Professor of Psychiatry, ImperialCollege of Medicine at Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK; EmeritusProfessor of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, California,USAChapter 4.11.4 and Chapter 9.2.12

Adrian GroundsUniversity Lecturer in Forensic Psychiatry, Institute of Criminology andDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UKChapter 11.6

Michael GunnProfessor of Law and Head of Department, Department of Academic LegalStudies, Nottingham Law School, Nottingham Trent University, UKChapter 11.1

Lars GustafsonProfessor of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital, Lund, SwedenChapter 4.1.4

Jennifer GutsteinDepartment of Child Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons,Columbia University, New York, USAChapter 9.2.10

Robert HaleConsultant Psychotherapist, Portman Clinic, Tavistock and Portman NHSTrust, London, UKChapter 11.4.2

John N. HallDepartment of Clinical Psychology and University Department ofPsychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UKChapter 1.10.3.2

Wayne HallProfessor of Drug and Alcohol Studies, University of New South Wales,Sydney, AustraliaChapter 4.2.3.8

Edwin HarariConsultant Psychiatrist, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, AustraliaChapter 6.3.8

Richard HarringtonUniversity Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, RoyalManchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UKChapter 9.5.3

James C. HarrisProfessor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, JohnsHopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USAChapter 9.2.7

Paul J. HarrisonClinical Reader in Psychiatry, University of Oxford Department ofPsychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UKChapter 4.3.5.2

Allison G. HarveyDepartment of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UKChapter 4.6.1

Keith HawtonUniversity of Oxford Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital,Oxford, UKChapter 4.15.4

Richard G. HeimbergAdult Anxiety Clinic of Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,USAChapter 4.7.2

Scott HendersonDirector, Centre for Mental Health Research, Australian NationalUniversity, Canberra, AustraliaChapter 2.7

George R. HeningerProfessor, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine,New Haven, Connecticut, USAChapter 6.2.3

Thomas HerzogDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, Freiburg,GermanyChapter 5.6

Peter HillProfessor of Child Mental Health, St George’s Hospital Medical School,London, UKChapter 9.1.5

Mike HobbsUniversity of Oxford Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital,Oxford, UKChapter 6.3.1

A.J. HollandLecturer, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UKChapter 10.1

Jimmie C. HollandChair, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USAChapter 5.3.7

Sheila HollinsProfessor of Psychiatry of Learning Disability, Department of Psychiatryand Disability, St George’s Hospital Medical School, University of London,UKChapter 10.7

Jeremy HolmesConsultant Psychiatrist/Psychotherapist, North Devon District Hospital,Barnstaple; Senior Lecturer, University of Bristol, UKChapter 3.3.2

Suzanne HolroydAssociate Professor, Department of Psychiatric Medicine, University ofVirginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USAChapter 8.5.6

Geraldine HoltConsultant Psychiatrist and Senior Lecturer, Guy’s Hospital, London, UKChapter 10.9

Allan HouseProfessor of Liaison Psychiatry, University of Leeds, UKChapter 5.3.1

Robert HowardSenior Lecturer in Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King’sCollege London, UKChapter 8.5.3

Jane HubertSenior Lecturer in Social Anthropology, Department of Psychiatry andDisability, St George’s Hospital Medical School, University of London, UKChapter 10.7

Frits J. HuyseAssociate Professor in Consultation–Liaison Psychiatry, Free University,Amsterdam, The NetherlandsChapter 5.8

Iulian IancuPsychiatric Medical Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer andSackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, IsraelChapter 4.8

Abel IckowiczAssistant Professor of Psychiatry, University of Toronto; Staff Psychiatrist,Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, CanadaChapter 9.2.3

Matti IivanaienProfessor, Department of Child Neurology, University of Helsinki, FinlandChapter 10.5.3

Leslie IversenDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, UKChapter 6.2.7

Richard IvesNational Children’s Bureau, London, UKChapter 4.2.3.7

Assen JablenskyProfessor of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia, Perth, AustraliaChapter 4.3.4 and Chapter 4.3.6

Robin JacobyClinical Reader in the Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Oxford, UK

Chapter 8.4 and Chapter 8.5.7

Kay Redfield JamisonProfessor of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore,Maryland, USAChapter 1.1

Martin JarvisICRF Health Behaviour Unit, Department of Epidemiology and PublicHealth, University College London, UKChapter 4.2.3.9

John G.R. JefferysDepartment of Neurophysiology, Division of Neuroscience, University ofBirmingham, UKChapter 2.3.9

Rachel JenkinsDirector, WHO Collaborating Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’sCollege London, UKChapter 7.1

Wolfgang G. JilekClinical Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia,Vancouver, British Columbia, CanadaChapter 4.16 and Chapter 6.5

Andrew JohnsConsultant Forensic Psychiatry and Honorary Senior Lecturer, MaudsleyHospital, London, UKChapter 11.4.4

Deirdre JohnstonClinical Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry and BehavioralMedicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem,North Carolina, USAChapter 8.7

E.C. JohnstoneProfessor of Psychiatry, Head, Department of Psychiatry, University ofEdinburgh, UKChapter 4.3.7

David P.H. JonesSenior Clinical Lecturer in Child Psychiatry, Park Hospital for Children,University of Oxford, UKChapter 9.3.1

A.F. JormProfessor and Deputy Director, Centre for Mental Health Research,Australian National University, Canberra, AustraliaChapter 8.3

Peter R. JoyceProfessor, Department of Psychological Medicine, Christchurch School ofMedicine, Christchurch, New ZealandChapter 4.5.4

Markus KaskiDirector, Rinnekoti Research Foundation, Espoo, FinlandChapter 10.3

John KellettSt George’s Hospital Medical School, London, UKChapter 8.5.8

David KennardHead of Psychology and Psychotherapy, The Retreat, York, UKChapter 6.3.9

A.J.F.M. KerkhofProfessor of Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, TheNetherlandsChapter 4.15.2

Otto F. KernbergProfessor of Psychiatry, Cornell University Medical College, New York;Training and Supervising Analyst, Columbia University Center forPsychoanalytic Training and Research, New York, USAChapter 3.2

Arthur KleinmanPresley Professor of Anthropology and Psychiatry, Harvard University;Chair, Department of Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School,Cambridge, Massachusetts, USAChapter 2.6.2

Ami KlinYale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USAChapter 9.2.2

Martin KnappInstitute of Psychiatry, King’s College London; London School ofEconomics, University of London, UKChapter 7.7

Israel KolvinEmeritus Professor of Child and Family Mental Health, Tavistock Clinicand the Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UKChapter 9.2.11

Michael D. KopelmanDivision of Psychiatry and Psychology, United Medical and Dental Schoolsof Guy’s and St Thomas’s Hospitals, London, UKChapter 4.1.13

Malcolm LaderProfessor of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s CollegeLondon, UKChapter 6.2.2

Fergus D. LawHonorary Senior Registrar and Clinical Lecturer, Psychopharmacology

Unit, University of Bristol, UKChapter 4.2.1 and Chapter 6.2.8

Paul LeberDirector, Neuro-Pharm Group, LLC, Potomac, Maryland, USAChapter 6.1.1.1

Dusica Lecic-TosevskiAssociate Professor of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University ofBelgrade, YugoslaviaChapter 4.12.3

Julian LeffProfessor of Social and Cultural Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King’sCollege London, UKChapter 1.3.2

Bernard LererBiological Psychiatry Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center,Jerusalem, IsraelChapter 2.3.4

R.J. LevinDepartment of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, UKChapter 4.11.1

Peter F. LiddleProfessor of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BritishColumbia, CanadaChapter 4.3.2

Felice Lieh MakProfessor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong KongChapter 5.2.10

James LindesayProfessor of Psychiatry for the Elderly, University of Leicester, UKChapter 8.5.1 and Chapter 8.5.5

Per LindqvistDirector, Örebro Forensic Psychiatry Services, SwedenChapter 11.8

Jouko K. LonnqvistProfessor, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, FinlandChapter 4.15.1

Juan López-IborChairman, Department of Psychiatry, San Carlos University Hospital,Complutense University, Madrid, SpainChapter 4.12.1

Armand W. LorangerEmeritus Professor of Psychiatry (Psychology), Cornell University MedicalCollege, White Plains, New York, USAChapter 4.12.2

Simon LovestoneInstitute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, UKChapter 4.1.3

Ernest S.L. LukDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne,AustraliaChapter 9.5.8

Alexander McCall SmithProfessor of Medical Law, University of Edinburgh, UKChapter 1.6

Susan L. McElroyBiological Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry, University ofCincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USAChapter 4.13.1

Peter McGuffinDirector and Professor of Psychiatric Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry,

King’s College London, UKChapter 2.4.1

Paul R. McHughHenry Phipps Professor of Psychiatry and Director, Department ofPsychiatry and Behavioral Science; Psychiatrist-in-Chief, Johns HopkinsUniversity School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USAChapter 1.7

I.G. McKeithProfessor of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute for the Health of the Elderly,University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UKChapter 4.1.6

Kwame McKenzieClinical Lecturer, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute ofPsychiatry, King’s College London, UK; Visiting Scholar, Department ofSocial Medicine, Harvard University Medical School, Boston,Massachusetts, USAChapter 7.3

Mark W. MahowaldDirector, Minnesota Regional Sleep Disorders Center, Hennepin CountyMedical Center; Professor of Neurology, University of Minnesota MedicalSchool, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USAChapter 4.14.4

Mario MajInstitute of Psychiatry, University of Naples, ItalyChapter 4.1.10

Andrea L. MaliziaHonorary Consultant in Clinical Psychopharmacology,Psychopharmacology Unit, University of Bristol, UKChapter 6.2.9.3

Rosemarie MallettSocial Psychiatry Section, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London,

UKChapter 7.10.3

Ulrik Fredrik MaltProfessor of Psychiatry (Psychosomatic Medicine), National Hospital,University of Oslo, NorwayChapter 5.3.8

Anthony MannProfessor of Psychiatric Epidemiology, Institute of Psychiatry, King’sCollege London, UKChapter 7.8

J. John MannProfessor of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, USAChapter 4.15.3

Karl F. MannProfessor of Psychiatry and Addiction Research; Chairman, Department ofAddictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of MentalHealth, Mannheim University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, GermanyChapter 4.2.2.3

John C. MarkowitzAssociate Professor of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of CornellUniversity; Director, Psychotherapy Clinic, Payne Whitney Clinic, NewYork Presbyterian Hospital, New York, USAChapter 6.3.3

John MarsdenLecturer, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, UKChapter 4.2.4

Jane MarshallSenior Lecturer in the Addictions, National Addiction Centre, Institute ofPsychiatry, King’s College London, UKChapter 4.1.12 and Chapter 4.2.2.2

Barbara MaughanMRC Child Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s CollegeLondon, UKChapter 9.1.2

Richard MayouProfessor of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UKChapter 4.1.2 and Chapter 5.2.1

Herbert Y. MeltzerDepartment of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine,Nashville, Tennessee, USAChapter 6.2.5

J. MendlewiczDepartment of Psychiatry, University Clinics of Brussels, Erasme Hospital,Brussels, BelgiumChapter 4.5.5.1

Harald MerckelbachProfessor of Experimental Psychology, Maastricht University, TheNetherlandsChapter 2.5.3

Harold MerskeyEmeritus Professor of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario, CanadaChapter 5.2.4

Gillian C. MezeyConsultant and Senior Lecturer in Forensic Psychiatry, Traumatic StressService, St George’s Hospital Medical School, London, UKChapter 11.5

R.H.S. MindhamNuffield Professor of Psychiatry, University of Leeds, UKChapter 4.1.7

Carine MinneConsultant Psychotherapist, Portman Clinic, Tavistock and Portman NHSTrust, London, and Broadmoor Hospital, UKChapter 11.4.2

Alex MitchellLecturer in Psychiatry, University of Leeds, UKChapter 5.3.1

Richard F. MollicaDirector, Harvard Program in Refugee Trauma; Associate Professor ofPsychiatry, Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health,Cambridge, Massachusetts, USAChapter 7.10.1

Francisco MoraProfessor and Chairman of Physiology and Medicine, ComplutenseUniversity, Madrid, Spain; Professor of Physiology, Biophysics andMedicine, Iowa University, Iowa City, Iowa, USAChapter 2.1.2

Emanuel MoranConsultant Psychiatrist, Grovelands Priory Hospital, London, UKChapter 4.13.3

Paul E. MullenProfessor of Forensic Psychiatry, Monash University; Clinical Director,Victorian Institute of Forensic Mental Health, Monash University,Melbourne, AustraliaChapter 11.4.3 and Chapter 11.8

Christoph MundtPsychiatric Hospital of the University of Heidelberg, GermanyChapter 1.9

Alistair MunroEmeritus Professor of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova

Scotia, CanadaChapter 4.4

R.M. MurrayInstitute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, UKChapter 4.3.5.1

Juan C. NegreteProfessor and Head, Addictions Psychiatry Program, University of Toronto,CanadaChapter 4.2.2.1

Charles B. NemeroffReunette W. Harris Professor and Chairman, Department of Psychiatry andBehavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta,Georgia, USAChapter 2.3.3

Jeffrey NewcornMount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USAChapter 4.6.4

Michael E. NewmanBiological Psychiatry Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center,Jerusalem, IsraelChapter 2.3.4

Anula NikapotaConsultant in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Brixton Child andAdolescent Mental Health Team, Bethlem Maudsley NHS Trust, London,UKChapter 9.5.7

Russell Noyes JrDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Iowa College of Medicine, IowaCity, Iowa, USAChapter 5.2.5

David J. NuttProfessor of Psychopharmacology and Head of Clinical Medicine,University of Bristol, UKChapter 4.2.1 and Chapter 6.2.8

Margaret OatesSenior Lecturer in Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, UKChapter 1.10.1

David R. OffordProfessor of Psychiatry, McMaster University; Director, Centre for Studiesof Children at Risk, Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation and McMasterUniversity, Hamilton, Ontario, CanadaChapter 9.1.3

Catherine OppenheimerConsultant Psychiatrist, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UKChapter 8.6

Candice A. OsbornProfessor of Clinical Psychiatry, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta,Georgia, USAChapter 4.11.3

Christopher M. PalmerInstructor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston; AssistantPsychiatrist, McClean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USAChapter 6.2.6

Gordon ParkerProfessor and Head, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales,AustraliaChapter 4.5.3

E.S. PaykelDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UKChapter 4.5.7

John B. PearceEmeritus Professor of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University ofNottingham, UKChapter 9.4.2 and Chapter 9.5.1

R.C.A. PearsonDepartment of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, UKChapter 2.3.1

Keith J. PetrieAssociate Professor, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, NewZealandChapter 5.7

Cynthia R. PfefferWeill Medical College of Cornell University, New York PresbyterianHospital–Westchester Division, White Plains, New York, USAChapter 9.2.10

Katharine A. PhillipsAssociate Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior,Brown University School of Medicine, Butler Hospital, Providence, RhodeIsland, USAChapter 5.2.8

Pierre PichotAcadémie Nationale de Médecine, Paris, FranceChapter 1.4

Malcolm PinesInstitute of Group Analysis, London, UKChapter 6.3.6

Harrison G. Pope JrProfessor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Chief, BiologicalPsychiatry Laboratory, McClean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USAChapter 6.2.6

Robert M. PostChief, Biological Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health,Bethesda, Maryland, USAChapter 6.2.4

Graham E. PowellPsychology Services, London, UKChapter 1.10.3.1

Herschel PrinsProfessor, Midlands Centre for Criminology and Criminal Justice,University of Loughborough, UKChapter 11.4.1

Frederic M. QuitkinProfessor of Clinical Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, USAChapter 6.1.3

Shulamit RamonProfessor of Interprofessional Health and Social Studies, AngliaPolytechnic University, Cambridge, UKChapter 6.4.3

James ReichAssociate Clinical Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Stanford MedicalSchool, Palo Alto; Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Psychiatry,University of California Medical School at San Francisco, California, USAChapter 4.12.4

Burton V. ReiflerProfessor and Chair, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine,Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NorthCarolina, USAChapter 8.7

Helmut RemschmidtDirector, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Philipps

Universität, Marburg, GermanyChapter 9.2.1

Katharine RimesUniversity of Oxford Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital,Oxford, UKChapter 5.5

Ian RobbinsConsultant Clinical Psychologist, St George’s Hospital, London, UKChapter 11.5

Philip RobsonConsultant Psychiatrist and Senior Clinical Lecturer, University of OxfordDepartment of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UKChapter 4.2.3.1

Gary RodinProfessor of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, CanadaChapter 5.3.6

Maria A. RonProfessor of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Neurology, University CollegeLondon, UKChapter 5.3.2

Robin RoomProfessor and Director, Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs,Stockholm University, SwedenChapter 4.2.2.6

W. RösslerProfessor of Clinical Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Zürich,SwitzerlandChapter 6.4.1

Marjaneh RouhaniDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-

Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USAChapter 5.3.7

James R. RundellProfessor of Psychiatry, F. Edward Herbert School of Medicine, UniformServices University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USAChapter 5.3.4

Gerald RussellEmeritus Professor of Psychiatry, Director of the Eating Disorders Unit,Hayes Grove Priory Hospital, Hayes, Kent, UKChapter 4.10.1

Paul SalkovskisUniversity of Oxford Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital,Oxford, UKChapter 5.5

Diana SandersUniversity of Oxford Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital,Oxford, UKChapter 6.3.1

Russell SchacharProfessor of Psychiatry, University of Toronto; Staff Psychiatrist, Hospitalfor Sick Children, Toronto, CanadaChapter 9.2.3

Carlos H. SchenckStaff Psychiatrist, Minnesota Regional Sleep Disorders Center, HennepinCounty Medical Center; Associate Professor of Psychiatry, University ofMinnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USAChapter 4.14

John SchlapoberskyGroup Analyst, Group Analytic Practice, London; Consultant Psychiatrist,Medical Foundation for Victims of Torture, London, UKChapter 6.3.6

Patricia Schreiner-EngelAssociate Clinical Professor, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology andReproductive Science, and Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Schoolof Medicine, New York, USAChapter 4.11.2

J. ScottProfessor of Psychiatry, University of Glasgow Gartnavel Royal Hospital,Glasgow, UKChapter 4.5.7

Stephen ScottInstitute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, UKChapter 9.1.1 and Chapter 9.2.4

Nicholas SeivewrightConsultant Psychiatrist in Substance Misuse, Community Health SheffieldNHS Trust, Sheffield, UKChapter 4.2.3.3

David ShafferDepartment of Child Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons,Columbia University, New York, USAChapter 9.2.10

Michael SharpeSenior Lecturer in Psychological Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UKChapter 5.2.7

Gregory SimonInvestigator, Center for Health Studies, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle,Washington, USAChapter 5.2.2

Andrew SimsProfessor of Psychiatry, University of Leeds, UKChapter 1.9

Ian SinclairProfessor of Social Work, University of York, UKChapter 9.5.6

Phillip R. SlavneyEugene Meyer III Professor of Psychiatry; Director, General HospitalPsychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore,Maryland, USAChapter 1.7

George Freeman SolomonEmeritus Professor of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University ofCalifornia, Los Angeles, California, USAChapter 2.3.10

D. SoueryDepartment of Psychiatry, University Clinics of Brussels, Erasme Hospital,Brussels, BelgiumChapter 4.5.5.1

Elizabeth SpencerSenior Clinical Medical Officer, Early Intervention Service, NorthernBirmingham Mental Health Trust, Birmingham, UKChapter 6.3.2.4

David A. SpiegelCenter for Anxiety and Related Disorders at Boston University, Boston,Massachusetts, USAChapter 4.7.1

Ursula M. StaudingerProfessor of Psychology, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden,GermanyChapter 2.5.1.2

Alan SteinRoyal Free and University College Medical School, University College

London, and Tavistock Clinic, London, UKChapter 9.3.4

Barbara SteinDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, Freiburg,GermanyChapter 5.6

Derek SteinbergConsultant Psychiatrist and Visiting Senior Tutor, Ticehurst House HospitalChildren’s and Adolescent Service, Wadhurst, UKChapter 9.5.9

William S. StoneInstructor in Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard MedicalSchool at Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts,USAChapter 4.3.8

Gregory StoresDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UKChapter 4.14.1 and Chapter 9.2.9

Elizabeth A. StormshakAssistant Professor, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USAChapter 9.5.4

Anthony StorrEmeritus Fellow, Green College, Oxford, UKChapter 3.1 and Chapter 3.3.1

James J. StrainProfessor and Director, Behavioral Medicine and Consultation Psychiatry,Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USAChapter 4.6.4

John StrangProfessor, Director of the National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry,

King’s College London, UKChapter 4.2.3.2 and Chapter 4.2.4

Albert StunkardProfessor of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,Pennsylvania, USAChapter 4.10.3

J. SucklingClinical Age Research Unit, Department of Health Care for the Elderly,King’s College School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of London,UKChapter 2.3.7 and Chapter 2.3.8

Michele TansellaProfessor of Psychiatry and Chairman, Department of Medicine and PublicHealth, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, ItalyChapter 7.5 and Chapter 7.6

Mary TargetSenior Lecturer in Psychoanalysis, Psychoanalysis Unit, University CollegeLondon; Deputy Director of Research, Anna Freud Centre, London, UKChapter 9.5.2

Anita ThaparProfessor of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Manchester,UKChapter 2.4.1

June ThoburnProfessor of Social Work, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UKChapter 9.3.3

Anne E. ThompsonConsultant Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, Lincoln District HealthcareNHS Trust, Lincoln, UKChapter 9.4.2

Graham ThornicroftProfessor of Community Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s CollegeLondon, UKChapter 7.5 and Chapter 7.6

Adolf TobeñaProfessor of Psychiatry and Medical Psychiatry, School of Medicine,Autonomous University of Barcelona, SpainChapter 4.12.6

Bruce J. TongeProfessor and Head, Monash University Department of PsychologicalMedicine and Centre for Developmental Psychiatry, Monash MedicalCentre, Clayton, Victoria, AustraliaChapter 10.5.1

Brian TooneConsultant, Maudsley Hospital; Honorary Senior Lecturer, Institute ofPsychiatry, King’s College London, UKChapter 5.3.3

Ming T. TsuangStanley Cobb Professor of Psychiatry and Head, Department of Psychiatry,Harvard Medical School at Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston,Massachusetts, USAChapter 4.3.8

Cynthia L. TurkAdult Anxiety Clinic of Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,USAChapter 4.7.2

André TyleeDirector, Royal College of General Practitioners Unit for Mental HealthEducation in Primary Care, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London,UKChapter 7.8

Peter TyrerDivision of Primary Care and Health Sciences, Imperial College School ofMedicine, London, UKChapter 4.12.7

Amy M. UrsanoDepartment of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillSchool of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USAChapter 6.3.4

Robert J. UrsanoProfessor and Chairman, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed ServicesUniversity of the Health Sciences, F. Edward Herbert School of Medicine,Bethesda, Maryland, USAChapter 6.3.4

Marcel van den HoutProfessor of Medical Psychology and Mental Health, Maastricht University,The NetherlandsChapter 2.5.3

Jim van OsSenior Lecturer, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maastricht, TheNetherlands; Honorary Senior Lecturer, Department of PsychologicalMedicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, UKChapter 7.3

Fred R. VolkmarYale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USAChapter 9.2.2

Thomas A. WaddenProfessor of Psychology in Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania,Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USAChapter 4.10.3

John WeinmannProfessor of Psychology as Applied to Medicine, United Medical and

Dental Schools, London, UKChapter 5.7

Myrna M. WeissmanProfessor of Epidemiology in Psychiatry, College of Physicians andSurgeons of Columbia University; Chief, Division of Clinical and GeneticEpidemiology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USAChapter 6.3.3

Sarah WelchConsultant Psychiatrist, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London,UKChapter 4.2.3.5

G. Clare WengerCentre for Social Policy Research and Development, University of Wales,Bangor, UKChapter 8.2

Simon WesselyProfessor of Epidemiological and Liaison Psychiatry, Institute ofPsychiatry, King’s College London, UKChapter 5.2.7

Kay WheatSenior Lecturer in Law, Department of Academic Legal Studies,Nottingham Law School, Nottingham Trent University, UKChapter 11.1

Barbara A. Wilson, OBEMedical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit,Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UKChapter 2.5.2

Adam R. WinstockNational Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London,UKChapter 4.2.3.2 and Chapter 4.2.3.6

Michael G. WiseProfessor and Vice-Chair, Department of Psychiatry, University ofCalifornia Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USAChapter 5.3.4

Richard Jed WyattNational Institutes of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USAChapter 1.1

William YuleProfessor of Applied Child Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King’sCollege London, UKChapter 2.5.1.1

Anne ZacharyConsultant Psychotherapist, Portman Clinic, Tavistock and Portman NHSTrust, London, UKChapter 11.4.2

Karl ZillesBrain Research Institute, University of Dusseldorf, GermanyChapter 2.3.2

Joseph ZoharPsychiatric Medical Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer andSackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, IsraelChapter 4.8