Understanding on Myanmar Governance

System and Role of Parliamentary on

Union Budgeting Process

Adapted from a presentation by Wunna Tun

Power separation in Myanmar (2008

constitution)

Judicial

power

Executive

power

Legislative

Power

State and Divisions

The Structure of Legislature

Name of the

Hluttaw

Civilian Military

Personnel

total

Pyithu Hluttaw 330 110 440

Amyotha

Hluttaw

168 56 224

Pyidaungsu

Hluttaw

498 166 664

The Structure of Legislature

Name of the

Hluttaw

Civilian Military

Personnel

total

Pyithu Hluttaw 330 110 440

Amyotha

Hluttaw

168 56 224

Pyidaungsu

Hluttaw

498 166 664

President

Electoral

Colleage

State Structure

“Pyidaungsu Thamada Myanmar Naing-Ngan Daw”

President/Head Of State

Judiciary

The Supreme Court

Chief Justice

Executive

The President & Vice Presidents

The CabinetThe Attorney

GeneralThe Auditor

General

Legislature

Pyidaung su hluttaw

Amyotha Hluttaw

Pyithu Hluttaw

Regional Government Structure

CHIEF MINISTER

Judiciary Executive Legislature

Presidential Inaugural Address

Good Governance and Clean Government.

Democratic Practices

Rule of Law

8 Major Key Promises of the President to alleviate

poverty in Myanmar :

1. Development of Agricultural Production

2. Development of Small scale production

3. Domestic production in village level

4. Development of Private Micro-finance Sector

5. Development of Village level Co-operative Org

6. Development of Village level Socio economy

7. Development of Village level energy sector

8. Environmental Protection

Focus more on political reforms: Peace Talk, Bi election, Release of prisoners

Focusing on good governance, Clean government

Institutional reforms

First Stage Reform ( Political Reform))

Second Stage of Economic Reform (Economic and Administrative

Reform)

Second Stage

• Focusing more on Economic and Administrative Reforms

Economic • Rule of Law

Reform

• Close cooperation, coordination and

collaboration among the ministries, regional

and local governments

Third Stage Reform ( Institutional Reform)

• Reshuffling ministers and strengthening

institutions

• Replacing Myanmar into International

Community

Why National Development Plan and National Budget

are important?

Section 102.

• The Bills, which are to be discussed and resolved exclusively at the PyidaungsuHluttaw need to be vetted before being discussed at the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, those Bills shall be vetted jointly by the Pyithu Hluttaw Bill Committee and the Amyotha Hluttaw BillCommittee, and the findings and remarks of the Joint Committee together with the Bill maybe submitted to the Pyidaungsu Hluttawsession in accord with the prescribed procedures.

vision

- to become a modern developed

nation that meets the aspirations

of its people for a better life.

Process of National Development Plan

National Development Plan

Regional Development Plan

District Development Plan

Township Development Plan

Village Development Plan

NCDP

4th five year (2027-2031)

3rd five year(2022-2026)

2nd five year (2017-2021)

First five year ( 2011-2016)

ဘက္စံု အမ ်ဳိးသားဖ်ဳိးံ ံ႕ၿ ်ဳိးတ ်ဳိးတက္္ေုရ်ဳိးစီမမံက္ ္း္ု်ဳိးအခ န္ဇယဖ်ဳိး

(National Comprehensive Development Plan)

Sh

ort

te

rm

pla

nLong term

pla

nM

ediu

m t

erm

pla

n

The Legislative Body

Amyotha Hluttaw Structure (After 2012 by- election)

Party Seat Seat %

USDP 124 55.37

Appointed 56 25

RNDP 7 3.13

NUP 5 2.23

NLD 4 1.78

NDF 4 1.78

CPP 4 1.78

SNDP 4 1.78

ARDP 3 1.34

PSDP 3 1.34

CNP 2 0.89

WDP 1 0.45

Others 7 3.13

Total 224 100%

Pyithu Hluttaw Structure (After 2012 by- election)

Party Seat Seat %

USDP 212 48.18

Appointed 110 25

NLD 37 8.41

SNDP 18 4.09

NUP 12 2.73

RNDP 9 2.05

NDF 6 1.82

ARDP 3 0.68

PNO 3 0.68

CNP 2 0.45

CPP 2 0.45

PSDP 2 0.45

WDP 2 0.45

Others 10 2.28

Vacant 10 2.28

Total 440 100

The Legislative Branch

Pyithu HluttawAmyotha Hluttaw

Pyidaungsu Hluttaw

Enacting Bill

Check & balance

Child

Protection

Law

Submit to Amyotha Hluttaw

Refuse, Amend, Approve

Amending

bills

Union Budget Law

National Planning Law

Taxation Law

Functions of a Parliamentary

Committee

• General Functions:

- Parliamentary Committees can range over all over all the functions that the legislature itself performs.

- Finding out facts of a case or issues, examining witnesses, sifting evidence and drawing up reasoned conclusions.

• Accountability: Providing to increase ability for the parliament to scrutinize government policy and expenditure.

- Has responsibility to provide oversight of government agencies within specific portfolios. ( To conduct inquires, to compel the attendance of persons and presentation of documents and to make reports and recommendations Parliament.

Types of Parliamentary Committee

• Standing Committee

• Select or Special Committees

• Joint Committees ( Conference Committees)

• Subcommittees

• Commission

National Budgeting Process

President

Vice-PresidentVice President

National Financial

Commission

National Budget Bill Regional Budget Bill

Submitting to Pyidaungsu Hluttaw

Scrutinizing by

respective joint

committees

Voting to approve or not

Voting at Pyidaungsu

Hluttaw

Approving and signing by The

PresidentNational Budget Regional Budget

Enact after 14 days Enact after 14 days

CooperationCooperation

Thank You…