My major mantra: We Must Break the Layers. Algorithm Program ISA (Instruction Set Arch)...
-
Upload
barbara-gordon -
Category
Documents
-
view
212 -
download
0
Transcript of My major mantra: We Must Break the Layers. Algorithm Program ISA (Instruction Set Arch)...
![Page 1: My major mantra: We Must Break the Layers. Algorithm Program ISA (Instruction Set Arch) Microarchitecture Circuits Problem Electrons.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56649eb65503460f94bbf1cf/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
My major mantra:We Must Break the Layers
![Page 2: My major mantra: We Must Break the Layers. Algorithm Program ISA (Instruction Set Arch) Microarchitecture Circuits Problem Electrons.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56649eb65503460f94bbf1cf/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Algorithm
Program
ISA (Instruction Set Arch)
Microarchitecture
Circuits
Problem
Electrons
![Page 3: My major mantra: We Must Break the Layers. Algorithm Program ISA (Instruction Set Arch) Microarchitecture Circuits Problem Electrons.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56649eb65503460f94bbf1cf/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
IF we break the layers:
• Compiler, Microarchitecture– Multiple levels of cache– Block-structured ISA– Part by compiler, part by uarch– Fast track, slow track
• Algorithm, Compiler, Microarchitecture– X + superscalar – the Refrigerator– Niagara X / Pentium Y
• Microarchitecture, Circuits– Verification Hooks– Internal fault tolerance
![Page 4: My major mantra: We Must Break the Layers. Algorithm Program ISA (Instruction Set Arch) Microarchitecture Circuits Problem Electrons.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56649eb65503460f94bbf1cf/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
…and
• More intelligently design our core (ILP is not dead)
• Provide more than one interface
• Re-visit the Run-time system
![Page 5: My major mantra: We Must Break the Layers. Algorithm Program ISA (Instruction Set Arch) Microarchitecture Circuits Problem Electrons.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56649eb65503460f94bbf1cf/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Morphcore
• High performance out-of-order for serial code
• SMT in-order when throughput dominates
• Mickey mouse when neither is present
• Who decides which mode to operate in?
![Page 6: My major mantra: We Must Break the Layers. Algorithm Program ISA (Instruction Set Arch) Microarchitecture Circuits Problem Electrons.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56649eb65503460f94bbf1cf/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
More than one interface
• Those who need the utmost in performance– and are willing to trade ease of use for extra performance– For them, we need to provide a more powerful engine (Heavyweight cores for ILP, Accelerators for specific tasks)
• Those who just need to get their job done– and are content with trading performance for ease of use– For them, we need a software layer to bridge the multi-core
• That means– Chip designers understanding what algorithms need
– Algorithms folks understanding what hardware provides
– Knowledgeable Software folks bridging the two interfaces
![Page 7: My major mantra: We Must Break the Layers. Algorithm Program ISA (Instruction Set Arch) Microarchitecture Circuits Problem Electrons.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56649eb65503460f94bbf1cf/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Run-time System: What?
• Part of the Operating System?
• Part of the Chip Design?
![Page 8: My major mantra: We Must Break the Layers. Algorithm Program ISA (Instruction Set Arch) Microarchitecture Circuits Problem Electrons.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56649eb65503460f94bbf1cf/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Run-time System: Why?
• MorphCore (Khubaib, IEEE/ACM Micro 2012)
• Adaptive Processors, (Miftakhudinov, Micro 2012)
• Shared resources (Ebrahimi, IEEE/ACM ISCA 2012)
• Which thread to speed up (Joao, ISCA 2013)
![Page 9: My major mantra: We Must Break the Layers. Algorithm Program ISA (Instruction Set Arch) Microarchitecture Circuits Problem Electrons.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56649eb65503460f94bbf1cf/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Run-time System: How?
![Page 10: My major mantra: We Must Break the Layers. Algorithm Program ISA (Instruction Set Arch) Microarchitecture Circuits Problem Electrons.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56649eb65503460f94bbf1cf/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Algorithm
Program
ISA (Instruction Set Arch)
Microarchitecture
Circuits
Problem
Electrons
![Page 11: My major mantra: We Must Break the Layers. Algorithm Program ISA (Instruction Set Arch) Microarchitecture Circuits Problem Electrons.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56649eb65503460f94bbf1cf/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Run-time System: How?
• Programmers insert pragmas in their code• Compilers use it to insert procedure calls
• Serious on-chip monitoring provides inputs
• Run-time system decides how to utilize
on-chip resources