When gripping grief the heart doth wound, and doleful dumps the mind oppresses,

1.1 INTRODUCTION

When gripping grief the heart doth wound, and doleful dumps the mind oppresses,Then music, with her silver sound, with seedy help doth lend redress.

..if music be the food of love, play on.

William Shakespeare.

1.1.1 GENERAL INTRODUCTIONReligious chant and music occupy a central place within the heritage of the Hindu religion. Hindu religious chant and music are firmly rooted in theological principles of sacred sound found throughout the Vedic and Hindu scriptures and associated with spiritual power and ecstasy from the earliest times.Considered to be of divine origin, music and sacred sound have always been closely identified with the Hindu gods and goddesses, and form an integral part of the narrative mythology concerning them. Music plays a role in all societies, and it exists in a large number of styles, each characteristic of a geographical region or a historical era.

Plate 1.1.1a

Plate 1.1.1bMusic is the key to our souls and flows into our life everyday in some form or the other.

It can be defined as..everything which can be made visible to the eyes can be made audible to the ears and everything which the ear perceives can be perceived by the eyes

Music is perceived in time,Dance is perceived in space,

Architecture is perceived in time and space. Music is the manifestation of the human spirit, similar to language. Its greatest practitioners have conveyed to mankind things not possible to say in any other language. If we do not want these things to remain dead treasures, we must do our utmost to make the greatest possible number of people understand their idiom. --Zoltn Kodly

Plate 1.1.1c

Musicisamajorcomponent in religious services, secular rituals, theatre, and entertainment of all sorts

It is a language that all people speak --that cut across racial, cultural, social, educational, and economic barriers and enhances cultural appreciation and awareness. It integrate mind, body, and spirit and bringing the inner world into the outer world of concrete reality It creates a seamless connection between motivation, instruction, assessment, and practical application-- leading to deep understanding. It makes it possible to use personal strengths in meaningful ways and to bridge into understanding sometimes difficult abstractions through these strengths.1.1.2 MUSIC AS A CULTURAL SYSTEM

Musichasmanyuses,and in all societies certain events are inconceivable without it. A proper consideration of music should involve the musical sound itself; but it should also deal with the concepts leading to its existence, with its particular forms and functions in each culture, and with the human behavior that produces the sound.

Plate1.1.2Somewhatanalogousto having a language, each society may be said to have musicthat is, a self-contained system within which musical communication takes place and that, like a language, must be learned to be understood

Withineachmusic,various strata may exist, distinguished by degree of learning (professional versus untrained musicians), level of society (the music of the elite versus that of the masses), patronage (court or Church or public commercial establishments), and manner of dissemination (oral, notated, or through mass media)

1.1.3 ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

As with anything, there is an elemental basis for its composition .The material essence of music lies with melody ,harmony ,rhythm and dynamics. Melody gives the music its soul ,while rhythm blends the harmony and dynamics with the tempo of the passage .All these are necessary to create a recognizable pattern known as song .1.1.3a MELODY

Melody, an organized succession of notes of specific pitch and duration, linked together in time to produce a coherent musical expression. In terms of Western music, melody is (along with rhythm) the horizontal aspect of music, proceeding in time, while harmony is the vertical aspect, being the simultaneous sounding of different pitches .

1.1.3b HARMONY

The term harmony is used both in the general sense of a succession of simultaneously sounded pitches and for a single instance of pitches sounding together. In this second meaning, the term harmony is synonymous with chord. Harmony stands in contrast to melody (pitches sounding one after another

1.1.3c RHYTHM

Rhythm controlled or measured flow of movement, either aural or visual, usually produced by an ordered arrangement of differing elements of the medium concerned. Rhythm is a basic feature of all the arts particularly music.Rhythm can also be detected in natural phenomena.COLOURWAVELENTHMUSICAL

RATIOS

RED7800-6400SA

ORANGE6400-5900RE

YELLOW5900-5500GA

GREEN5500-5000MA

BLUE5000-4800PA

INDIGO4800-4500DHA

VIOLET4500-3800NI

Fig 1.1.31.1.4 HISTORY OF INDIAN MUSIC:

Indian classical music is based on the ragas ("colors"), which are scales and melodies that provide the foundation for a performanceThe music of India is one of the oldest unbroken musical traditions in the world. It is said that the origins of this system go back to the Vedas (ancient scripts of the Hindus).

The basis for Indian music is Sangeet. Sangeet is a combination of three art forms: vocal music, instrumental music. Although these three art forms were originally derived from the single field of stagecraft.

Today these three forms have differentiated into complex and highly refined individual art forms.

The present system of Indian music is based upon two important pillars: RAG and TAL. Rag is the melodic form while tal is the rhythmic.

Today there are two major traditions of classical music. There is the north Indian and the south Indian tradition. The North Indian tradition is known as Hindustani sangeet and the south Indian is called Carnatic sangeet. both systems are fundamentally similar but differ in nomenclature and performance practice.

Plate1.1.4 Indian musical instruments1.1.5 WESTERN MUSIC

The western tradition of music has its origins in the chant tradition of the early Christian era. The monophonic music of chant dominated the middle ages, and included the composition of sequences and tropes. Western music is one of several separate, highly developed musical cultures, each of which has its own specific theoretical base that encompasses, among other things, its own system of tunings and scales, its preferred timbres (tone colors), its particular approach to musical form, and its characteristic musical textures. 1.1.5a JAZZ

Jazz is primarily an instrumental form of music. The instrument most closely associated with jazz may be the saxophone, followed closely by the trumpet. The trombone, piano, double bass, guitar and drums are also primary jazz instruments. The clarinet and banjo were often used, especially in the earlier styles of jazz. 1.1.5b ROCK

Rock, in its broadest sense, can refer to almost all popular music recorded since the early 1950s. Its earliest form, rock and roll, arose from multiple genres in the late 1940s, most importantly jump blues.It is the hardest form of music in the world.1.1.5c ELECTRONIC MUSIC

Electronic music started long before the invention of the synthesizer with the use of tape loops and analogue electronics in the 1950s and 1960s.

Plate 1.1.5a Plate1.1.5b

1.2 PROJECT BRIEF1.2.1 NEED OF A MUSIC CENTREMusic is dynamic and fast expanding into ones lifestyle. Ignoring music is like ignoring what is around us. Music is an envelop surrounding us, starting from chirping of birds to humming of machinery. A built can make music as the starting force for ordering space and in relation to it.The centre would be designed to gain a foothold into our lifestyles and brings forward awareness of music education and entertainment.

1.2.2 ABOUT THE PROJECT

Delhi Development Authority has proposed music centre over a site measuring 12.35 acre in a well planned upcoming city of Dwarka near Delhi.

The project will be an attempt to provide impetus to the music industry, so that it can grow and compete at the global level.

It will promote music through education and also through retail counters, listening booths etc.

1.2.3 REASONS FOR SELECTION OF SITE The proposed site for the MUSIC CENTRE is in Dwarka which is an upcoming sub city planned as an extension to Delhi. Dwarka is planned keeping in mind the drawbacks and the shortcomings in Delhi so adequate plots for commercial and recreational zones are planned. Sector 11 and Sector 6 are the hub of the city. Sector 11 is designed mainly for the public areas although there are residential colonies also. The proposed siteis surrounded by a sports complex,a shopping paza,a park which make this area entirely for the public. The proposed site is well connected to Delhi and lies on the Delhi Jaipur highway(NH-8).Therefore anybody can reach the propodes sute without any discomfort.

1.2.4 AIM

To evolve a design solution which would incorporate the traditional and the modern trends in music. To serve as a prime zone of activity with essentials of performances, entertainment and market for all age groups.

1.2.5 OBJECTIVES The design solution would be achieved by: Emphasizing on the overall layout of the centre and its spatial organisation.

Incorporating landscape elements which integrate building with the surroundings

Making full use of the potentials and the constraints of the site.

Emphasizing on the layouts of studios, exhibition spaces,performance areas,music library,listening cubicles. Providing a solution for the above stated function by using all the latest technologies. Emphasizing on the interior spaces so as to create an environment dipped in music. Providing proper parking facilities and easy accebility for convenient circulation.

1.2.6 VALIDITY

The development axis of Delhi has shifted the development axis from Delhi to Gurgaon.Dwarka falls in between this axis. It provides a key location for such a centre so that the people can learn and enjoy music. As no such project exists in Northern India, Delhi and neighboring areas, it would provide the ideal location for such a centre which would be the first of its kind

At the moment there is urgent need to promote education and research on music and environment related issues which the proposed site of sector 11,Dwarka would provide in general.

Envisaged to become a model sub-city of the 21st century,dwarka is constituted with organized green spaces,rapid transport system which is well integrated from all parts of delhi.therefore a music centre in such a place will have have good connectivity so that a large mass of people can visit it. 1.2.7 SCOPE The design scheme will consist of

1. EDUCATIONAL SECTION with classroom for vocal and instrumental music, lecture halls, recording studios, library and administrative areas.

2. PERFORMING SECTION with two auditoriums,O.A.T, and DJ and Dance floor.3. EXHIBIT AREA: This will consist of a resource library with listening cubicles, exhibit areas for music tracks, This would also include a museum for display and a theme restaurant

4. RESIDENTIAL FACILITIES comprising of hostels and a guest house.1.2.8 LIMITATIONS

Detailed design of the following:1. Master plan of the entire complex

2. Educational section

3. Performing section

4. Exhibit area

5. Interior designing of the performing section

1.2.9 METHODLOGY

The project will be carried out in stages which consist of:

1.2.9.1 CONTEXTUAL STUDIES: (DATA COLLECTION)1.2.9.1a STUDY OF MUSIC AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO MANKINDPURPOSE OF STUDY: As my topic is a Music Centre, so it is very necessary to know about music, its history and forms SOURCE OF INFORMATION

Library research

Surfing through the internet

Discussions with the people involved in this field

1.2.9.1b STUDY OF THE ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER OF DWARKA,DELHI

PURPOSE OF STUDY:

To collect information related to the site.

To know the planning norms, zoning, etc.

To collect the details of various structure

To know the spatial requirements of various components of the complex.

SOURCE OF INFORMATION:

Visual survey supplemented by sketches and photographs.

Available literature available from DDA office and through internet.

1.2.9.1c LIBRARY STUDIES

PURPOSE OF STUDY: To identify the planning principles and functional component of the contemporary works.

SOURCE OF INFORMATION:

Books from library

Internet

1.2.9.2 SITE ANALYSIS

PURPOSE OF STUDY: to study about: Orientation, topography and climatic data.

The accessibility to the site.

Potential and constraints of the site.

1.2.9.3 CASE STUDIES

PURPOSE OF STUDY: To understand the concept and acquire complete knowledge of the functional requirement and spatial arrangement for such places

SOURCE OF INFORMATION:

Actual visits to some centers designed on same lines

1.2.9.4 SYNTHESIS OF DATA

PURPOSE OF STUDY

Framing requirements regarding the project.

SOURCE OF INFORMATION

Inferences from above studies

1.2.9.5 DESIGN CONCEPT

PURPOSE OF STUDY

To develop a design concept in a realistic and logical manner.

Developing a strong concept by conceptual sketches and a conceptual model

SOURCE OF INFORMATION

Influenced from the above studies.

1.2.9.6 FINAL DESIGN PROPOSAL

PURPOSE OF STUDY

To fulfill aim of thesis.It will be done in two stages:

- Preparing preliminary design.

- Final design and final model.

1.2.10 THE MUSIC CENTRE WOULD INCLUDE:

1. EDUCATION ZONE INCLUDING:- Individual music rooms for teaching and practicing music

Music studios for teaching and practicing of orchestral productions

Music riaz rooms for individual practice at scheduled time periods

Lecture rooms /classroom s with audio visual facilities for seminars and theory classes.

Recording studios for recording audio and video performances.

General library for research and reference.

2. PERFORMING AND RECREATION ZONE INCLUDING:-

Auditoriums for functions.

Experimental studios for research and experimentation in sound, light and stage management.

DJ and a dance floor.

Music library for students and other visitors with exhibit and reference areas of cds,vcds, listening booths ,etc.

Amphitheatre for outdoor performances Museum as space of exhibition Other areas like informal interactive spaces and a theme restaurant

Residential facilities comprising of a guest house and hostels.

Parking and landscape

It would be a centre housing facilities of education, recreation, exhibition and residential spaces.

When I hear music I fear no danger, I am invulnerable, I see no fear .I am relate to the earliest times and the latest.

HENRY DAVID THOREAU

1.2.11 TENTATIVE AREA REQUIREMENTS FUNCTIONNUMBERAREA (SQ MTS.)

Music rooms15300

Music studios4240

Music Riaz room 15150

Lecture rooms3

Recording studios4240

General library1750

Auditorium for 1000 persons12000

Auditorium for 400 persons1800

Experimental studio2100

DJ and dance floor1100

Music library11000

Amphitheatre for 700 persons11400

Museum1 700

Theme restaurant1300

Guest house1300

Hostels2800

1.2.12 DEPARTMENTS OF MUSIC The departments are broadly categorized as the vocal and the instrumental music department

1. INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC: this includes:-a) String instruments they consist of sitar,sarod,tanpura,guitar and violin

b) Percussion instruments they consist of tabla ,drums, bongo and mridangam

c) Wind instruments they consist of flute and shehnai

d) Other instruments they consist of harmonium, piano and keyboard

2.VOCAL MUSIC :this include the Carnatic and the Hindustani music

1.INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC

a. String instruments

5 departments

annual intake

b. Wind instruments

2 departments

annual intake

c.Percussion instruments

4 departments

annual intake

d. Other instruments

3 departments

annual intake

2.VOCAL MUSIC

2 departments

annual intake

U.G LEVEL2each

10

2 each

4

2 each

82 each

6

5 each

10P.G LEVEL2 each

10

2 each

4

2 each

82 each

6

5 each

10

Total number of departments :16No .of students up to undergraduate level in one batch : 38Total number in five batches: 38x5=190

Number of students up to post graduate level in one batch: 38Total number in two batches: 38x2=76Therefore total number of students=2661.2.13 CASE STUDIES

Since there is no music centre with edcation ,entertainment and market facilities so I have done various case studies with different context.

1.2.13aLIVE CASE STUDIES:

Triveni Kala Sangam,Delhi

Tagore Theatre,Chandigarh

Music Land,Delhi

Gurgaon School of Music

1.2.13bTEXT CASE STUDIES National Centre for Performing Arts, Marine Drive, Mumbai

Temple Studios,Malta