Muscular SystemHILDA WALKER PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Day 1: Functions of Muscles

Muscles – Fun Facts

Some are big and some are small.

Did you know your body has around 600 muscles in it!

Muscles work by contracting. This means that it shortens. When the muscle shortens it pulls on the bone.

This is how it causes movement. Muscles do not push the bones, they pull them.

More Fun Facts!

The muscular system is important to us because it helps our bodies move.

Muscles take up almost half of our body weight. They are made of elastic tissue, similar to a rubber band.

Thousands of small fibers make up one muscle. Muscles come in all different sizes.

What are the function of the Muscular System?

Muscular System -Functions

MOVEMENT!

It also helps

▪ Stabilize joints

▪ Maintain posture

▪ Generate heat during activity

How Your Muscles WorkVIDEO

Types of musclesThese muscles fall into three categories:

- Skeletal muscle

- Cardiac muscle

- Smooth muscle

Skeletal MusclesThey are called Voluntary muscles.

This means you can control their movements.

Smooth MusclesThey are called involuntary muscles. This means you do not control their movements.

Cardiac MuscleCardiac muscle is also known as your heart muscle.

This is another type of muscle that you do not control. You do not have to think about your heart beating. This happens automatically.

This is another example of an involuntary movement.

Muscle Worksheet 1

Day 2: Types of Muscles

Skeletal musclesThey are muscles that are attached to your skeleton.

This type of muscle is voluntary. That means that you control the movement.

Skeletal musclesCan you give some examples of Skeletal Muscles?

Skeletal musclesSkeletal muscles come in many different sizes and shapes to allow them to do many types of jobs. Some of the biggest and most powerful muscles are your calf and thigh muscles. They give your body the power it needs to lift and push things.

Skeletal musclesMuscles in your neck and the top part of your back aren't as large, but they are capable of some pretty amazing things: Try rotating your head around, back and forth, and up and down to feel the power of the muscles in your neck. These muscles also hold your head high.

Skeletal musclesSkeletal muscles are held to the bones with the help of tendons. Tendons are cords made of tough tissue, and they work as special connector pieces between bone and muscle. The tendons are attached so well that when you contract one of your muscles, the tendon and bone move along with it.

Cardiac MuscleCardiac muscle is also known as your heart muscle. This is another type of muscle that you do not control. You do not have to think about your heart beating. This happens automatically. This is another example of an involuntary movement.

Your body does it without you having to think about it. If you were to look at your cardiac muscle under a microscope, it would look striated, much like the skeletal muscle, however it functions differently.

Smooth MusclesSmooth muscle is different from skeletal muscle.

They are called involuntary muscles. This means you cannot control their movements.

Smooth MusclesWhat are examples of smooth muscles?

Smooth Muscles are found in the internal organs and digestive system.

Remember smooth muscles are involuntary.

The Muscular System- VIDEO

Muscle Worksheet 2

Day 3: - FORMATIVE QUIZ

- MAJOR SKELETAL MUSCLES

Major Skeletal Muscles1) Biceps

2) Triceps

3) Deltoid4) Pectorals

5) Abdominals

6) External Obliques

7) Quadriceps

8)Hamstrings

9)Trapezius

10) Gastrocnemius

Bicepsinvolved in the movement of the elbow and shoulder.

TricepsThe triceps run along the humerus (the main bone of the upper arm) between the shoulder and the elbow. Along with the biceps, it enables extension and retraction of the forearm. When the triceps are contracted, the forearm extends and the elbow straightens; if the triceps are relaxed and the biceps flexed, the forearm retracts and the elbow bends. The triceps also serve to stabilize the shoulder joint at the top of the humerus.

DeltoidsA R OUNDED, TRIANGULAR MUSCLE

LOCATED ON THE U PPERMOST PART OF THE ARM AN D THE TOP OF THE SHOULDER.

PectoralsMUSCLES THAT CONNECT THE

FRONT OF THE HUMAN CHEST W ITH THE BONES OF THE U PPER ARM AN D SHOULDER.

Rectus Abdominis"ABDOMINAL MUSCLE" OR "ABS", I S A

PAIRED M USCLE R UNNING VERTICALLY O N EACH S IDE O F T HE A NTERIOR WALL O F THE H UMAN A BDOMEN, A S W ELL A S T HAT O F S OME OTHER M AMMALS.

External ObliquesO UTERMOST A BDOMINAL M USCLES, E XTENDING F ROM THE LOWER H A LF O F THE R IBS A ROUND A ND DOWN TO THE P ELVIS. . . . THESE M USCLES H ELP P ULL THE C HEST, A S A W HOLE, DOWNWARDS, W HICH C OMPRESSES THE A B DOMINAL C AVITY.

QuadricepsO UTERMOST A BDOMINAL M USCLES, E XTENDING F ROM THE LOWER H A LF O F THE R IBS A ROUND A ND DOWN TO THE P ELVIS. . . . THESE M USCLES H ELP P ULL THE C HEST, A S A W HOLE, DOWNWARDS, W HICH C OMPRESSES THE A B DOMINAL C AVITY.

HamstringsG ROUP O F M USCLES A ND T H EIR T ENDONS AT

T H E R EAR O F T H E U P PER L EG. TH EY I NCLUDE T H E B I CEPS F EM ORIS, S EMITENDINOSUS, A ND S EM IMEMBRANOSUS. T H E H AMSTRINGS F LEX T H E K NEE J O I NT A ND E X TEND T H E T H IGH TO T H E B ACKSIDE O F TH E B O DY. T H EY A RE U SED I N W ALKING, R UNNING, A ND M ANY O THER P H YSICAL A CTIVITIES.

TrapeziusIT IS A LONG, THIN, SUPERFICIAL MUSCLE THAT R UNS DOWN THE L ENGTH OF THE THIGH IN THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT.

GastrocnemiusCALF MUSCLE- IT IS A LONG, THIN, SUPERFICIAL MUSCLE THAT R UNS DOWN THE L ENGTH OF THE THIGH IN THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT.

Day 4: MUSCLE FORMATIVE QUIZ

POKE A MUSCLE

Day 5: REVIEW

1) What is the main function of the Muscular

System?

2) Give examples of Smooth Muscles.

3) Give an example of a Cardiac Muscle.

4) Name 3 Skeletal Muscles.

5) What types of Muscles are Voluntary

Muscles?

6) What type of Muscles are Involunary?

Name these Muscles!

Day 6: SUMMATIVE

1) What is the main function of the Muscular

System?

2) Give examples of Smooth Muscles.

3) Give an example of a Cardiac Muscle.

4) Name 3 Skeletal Muscles.

5) What types of Muscles are Voluntary

Muscles?

6) What type of Muscles are Involunary?

Name these Muscles!

Bill NyeVIDEO